2016年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section A (2)

文章通过 quote Cathy Nonas 这位 NYC Department of Health 官员的话，为 calorie-posting regulation 提供了 authoritative voice。这段 direct quotation 详细阐述了 policy intention，即 give people opportunity 去 make informed decisions，并且强调了对 obesity、diabetes、heart disease 的 expected impact。这种 expert testimony 的运用让 regulation 具有了 credibility 和 public health significance，而不仅仅是 administrative requirement。

信号词 is with according to said stated explained noted commented told reporters in an interview spokesperson

仿写： 在写作 news reports 时，identify key stakeholders 或 subject-matter experts，然后 conduct interviews 获取他们的 direct statements。选择那些能够 explain rationale、reveal impact 或 add emotional depth 的 quotes。使用 attribution phrases 比如 'according to'、'X stated that'、'as X explained' 来 introduce quotations。仿写模版：[Name] is with [Organization]. '[Complete quotation explaining policy/action rationale and expected outcomes.]'

文章在多处使用了 specific numbers 来 establish concrete parameters。比如 'fifteen or more locations nationwide' 明确了 regulation scope，'2000 dollars' 给出了 penalty amount，'starting last Saturday' 提供了 implementation timeline。这些 quantitative details 让 policy 从 abstract concept 变成 measurable reality，帮助 readers 理解 who is affected、what are consequences、when it takes effect。数据的 precision 增强了 report 的 factual authority。

信号词 fifteen or more up to 2000 dollars starting last Saturday first-of-its-kind percent million approximately as of by [date]

仿写： 写作时 research precise statistics 相关的 policy parameters、financial figures、timeframes 或 affected populations。将 numbers 自然地 integrate into narrative，使用它们来 specify requirements、quantify impacts 或 establish deadlines。避免 vague terms 比如 'many' 或 'soon'，instead 使用 'fifteen or more'、'up to 2000 dollars'、'starting last Saturday' 这样的 exact expressions。仿写模版：The [rule/policy] applies to [entities] that [specific numerical criterion]. [Action] will face penalties of up to [specific amount] for [violation], starting [specific date].

第三段通过 'as part of an anti-obesity campaign' 这个 contextual phrase，将 calorie-posting rule 放入了 broader public health initiative 的框架中。提到 'recent citywide ban on artificial trans fats' 作为 parallel measure，让 readers 明白这不是 isolated action，而是 coordinated strategy 的一部分。这种 contextualization 帮助 readers 理解 policy rationale 和其在 larger health agenda 中的 positioning。

信号词 as part of in addition to also includes following in response to amid concerns about building on in the wake of alongside

仿写： 写作时 identify 与 main topic 相关的 previous actions、parallel initiatives 或 underlying motivations。使用 prepositional phrases 比如 'as part of'、'in addition to'、'following' 来 introduce contextual information。确保 background details 能够 illuminate why current action matters 或 how it fits into bigger picture。仿写模版：The [new measure] was introduced as part of [broader campaign/initiative] that also includes [related action]. The [rule] only applies to [specific conditions that provide scope].

文章开头用 'have started to obey' 这样的 neutral verb 来 describe chains' compliance，第四段用 'will face penalties' 来 state enforcement mechanism，保持了 factual tone。整篇 report 避免了 evaluative language，不说 regulation 是 'good' 或 'controversial'，而是 present facts about what is happening、who is affected、what are consequences。这种 objective reporting style 让 readers 能够 form their own judgments based on presented information。

信号词 have started to requiring them to applies to will face were introduced includes serves must is with

仿写： 写作时 select verbs 和 nouns 来 convey actions and states without emotional coloring。用 'implemented'、'requires'、'applies to' 而非 'forced to'、'burdensome rule'。Present different perspectives through attribution 而非 editorial voice。Let facts speak for themselves by providing concrete details about actions、requirements、and consequences。仿写模版：[Organizations] have started to [comply with/implement] [regulation] requiring them to [specific action]. The [rule] applies to [clearly defined scope] and violators will face [specific consequences].

文章通过 juxtapose 'before' 和 'after' scenarios 来 highlight policy impact。Quote 中的 'before they purchase' 与 'make a decision' 形成 temporal contrast，强调了 giving information at point of decision 的重要性。同时 'if they want to make healthier choice' 对比 implied current situation where people lack information，暗示了 informed versus uninformed choices 的 distinction。这种 implicit comparison 帮助 readers 理解 why transparency matters。

信号词 before if they want to but however while whereas instead of unlike in contrast previously

仿写： 写作时 identify aspects 可以 form meaningful contrasts，比如 before/after、with policy/without policy、current practice/required practice。可以 use conditional structures 像 'if they want to X, they can' 来 imply contrast with previous inability。或者 present sequential events 来 show transition from one state to another。仿写模版：[Previous situation description]. [New policy] gives [affected parties] an opportunity to [new capability], enabling them to [desired outcome] if they want to, [implicit contrast with prior limitation].