2015年6月英语六级真题第3套 Part II Section C (1)

if sailors saw dolphins swim by their ships when they were starting out on a voyage, they believed they would have good luck

因果暗示类 believed they would have good luck believed they would thought it meant considered it a sign of took it as an omen that interpreted this as saw this as indicating

这个 implication 通过 ancient Greek sailors 的 superstition 来 subtly establish dolphins 在 human history 中一直被 regarded highly 这个 main point。Instead of 直接说 'dolphins are beloved'，Professor 用 historical anecdote 让 audience 感受到这种 reverence 的 depth 和 longevity。这为整个 lecture 奠定了 dolphins 作为 special creatures 的 baseline，support 后面关于它们 unique characteristics 的 discussion，也 foreshadow 了最后关于 conservation 的 concern（既然 historically valued，现在的 threats 就更 worthy of attention）。

dolphins use sound, touch and taste in order to learn about their world; however, unlike dogs, dolphins cannot smell

对比类 however, unlike dogs however, unlike in contrast to whereas while but different from as opposed to

这个 contrast 的 implication 不仅是 inform 'dolphins can't smell'，更重要的是通过 familiar reference (dogs) 来 make dolphins' sensory system 更 accessible to audience。It subtly reinforces 前面提到的 'unique characteristic' 这个 theme，同时为下一句的 echolocation explanation 做 preparation。这种 comparative framing 也 serves the pedagogical purpose——Professor 在用 known information (dog's senses) 作为 scaffold 来帮助 audience understand unknown information (dolphin's senses)，这 contributes to 整个 lecture 的 educational effectiveness。

the bones in their fins are similar to those in human arms and hands

类比暗示类 similar to those in human like human resemble comparable to parallel to akin to analogous to

这个 anatomical comparison 的 deeper implication 是 blur the boundary between humans and dolphins，subtly suggesting 'they're not so different from us'。这个 connection 为后面的 conservation concern (第8段) 做了 emotional groundwork——if dolphins have 'human-like' structures，their suffering becomes more relatable。It also reinforces 开头提到的 'most intelligent animals' 这个 characterization。在 persuasive discourse 中，这种 human-similarity highlighting 是 common strategy to build audience's emotional investment in the subject，从而 support 最终的 conservation message。

Loving a dolphin is an easy thing to do but, unlike a dog or a cat, the dolphin cannot come home with you from the ocean

让步转折类 but, unlike however although...but despite...yet while...cannot even though...still nevertheless

这个 concession 的 implication 是 acknowledge 人们对 dolphins 的 emotional attachment while gently steering them toward appropriate expressions of that love (souvenirs 而不是 captivity)。这个 pivot 很 subtle——通过 'that is why' 把 limitation 转化为 explanation for a behavior，making souvenir collecting seem like a natural and acceptable outlet。这为 第8段 的 captivity criticism 做了 preparation——既然 souvenirs 是 valid alternative，那 keeping dolphins in captivity 就更 unjustifiable。整个 rhetorical move 体现了 speaker's pedagogical skill：不 directly criticize audience，而是 guide them toward right understanding。

However, dolphins are sometimes hunted in places like Japan, in an activity known as dolphin drive hunting. Besides drive hunting, they also face threats from habitat loss and marine pollution.

转折对比类 However Nevertheless Yet Unfortunately Sadly On the darker side Despite this

这个 'however' 的 implication 远超 simple transition——它 represents 整个 lecture 的 rhetorical climax，从前面 7 个段落的 appreciation 和 fascination 突然 pivot 到 conservation crisis。前面 build up 了 dolphins' intelligence, uniqueness, cultural significance, human-like qualities——这些 positive framing 都是为这个 'however' moment 做 preparation。当 audience 已经 emotionally invested in dolphins 时，suddenly present the threats，emotional impact 被 maximized。这个 strategic structure reveals Professor's true purpose：不只是 educate about dolphins，更是 advocate for their protection。整个 lecture 的 architecture 体现了 persuasive speaking 的 classic technique。

but breeding success has been poor and the animals often die within a few months of capture

转折批判类 but breeding success has been poor but...has been poor however...often fail yet...rarely succeed though...typically die but...prove unsuccessful while...seldom survive

这个 statement 的 deep implication 是通过 empirical evidence (poor outcomes) 来 condemn captivity without explicitly saying 'captivity is bad'。Combined with earlier emphasis on dolphins' intelligence and human-like qualities，这些 failure statistics 变得更 tragic and morally concerning。这是整个 lecture 的 culmination——从 ancient reverence (第4段) 到 unique abilities (第5段-6) 到 emotional connection (第7段) 最后到 conservation crisis (第8段)，所有 build-up 都指向这个 implicit message：intelligent, beloved creatures are suffering due to human activities，we should care and act。这种 multi-layered persuasive structure 体现了 sophisticated academic rhetoric。