2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1)
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2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1)

对话 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1) 文章的精读视角页——这篇对话全文 309 词、8 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在英语六级文章中占 39%);英文原文之外,本篇已有的 6 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语六级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

8 段英文原文

以下为2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1) 的听力原文,由懒笔记按试卷原文逐段核对收录,共 8 段。左侧 P1–P8 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

M: Excuse me, where is your rock music section?

W: Rock music? I'm sorry, we're a jazz store. We don't have any rock and roll.

M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothing else?

W: That's right. We're the only record store in London dedicated exclusively to jazz. Actually, we're more than just a record store. We have a cafe & library upstairs and a ticket office down the hall, where you can buy tickets to all the major jazz concerts in the city. Also, we have our own studio next door, where we produce albums for up-and-coming artists. We are committed to fostering new music talent.

M: Wow! That's so cool. I guess there's not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like they used to be. But here you're trying to promote this great music genre.

W: Yes, indeed. Nowadays, most people like to listen to pop and rock music. Hip hop music from America is also getting more and more popular. So as a result, there are fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame because it's an incredibly rich genre. But that's not to say there isn't any good new jazz music being made out there anymore—far from it. It's just a much smaller market today.

M: So how would you define jazz?

W: Well, interestingly enough, there's no agreed-upon definition of jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of jazz. Some have singing, but most don't. Some are electric and some aren't. Some contain live experimentation, but not always. While there's no simple definition for it, and while there are many different styles of jazz, you simply know it when you hear it. Honestly, the only way to know what jazz is, is to listen to it yourself. As the great trumpet player, Louis Armstrong said, if you gotta ask, you'll never know.

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

4 个意群的对话骨架

按对话 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 顾客询问与店铺定位说明

    Male customer 走进 store 询问 rock music section,female staff 明确告知这是 jazz-exclusive store,没有 rock and roll,确认 only jazz music 的 business positioning

    通过 customer's inquiry 和 staff's clarification 这个 dialogue exchange,naturally introduce 了 jazz-exclusive store 这个 central setting,为后续展开 store's comprehensive services 和 jazz promotion mission 搭建 conversational foundation

    引出爵士专营店定位
  2. 店铺全面服务介绍

    Staff 详细介绍 store 不仅是 record store,还有 upstairs 的 cafe & library,down the hall 的 ticket office 可以 buy tickets to major jazz concerts,next door 有 own studio 为 up-and-coming artists produce albums,强调 committed to fostering new music talent

    通过 staff's comprehensive introduction,directly present 主旨中的 comprehensive services (cafe, library, ticket office, studio) 和 mission to promote jazz,这是 dialogue 的 informational core,完整呈现 store's multifaceted nature

    详述店铺综合服务与培养使命
  3. 爵士音乐市场现状讨论

    Customer 感叹 jazz scene 不如 past,赞赏 store's effort to promote this genre,staff 回应当前 most people prefer pop, rock, hip hop,导致 fewer jazz listeners,强调这是 great shame 因为 jazz 是 incredibly rich genre,但 market 已经 much smaller

    通过 customer's observation 和 staff's elaboration 这组 conversational moves,explicitly present 主旨中 declining popularity compared to pop, rock, and hip hop 这个 contextual background,为 store's promotion mission 提供 motivational context

    阐述主旨中爵士衰落的背景
  4. 爵士音乐定义阐释

    Customer 提出 how to define jazz 的 question,staff 深入解释 no agreed-upon definition exists,列举 many different styles 的 characteristics(有无 singing, electric or not, live experimentation),强调 you simply know it when you hear it,引用 Louis Armstrong 的名言说明 jazz 需要 personal listening experience 才能理解

    通过 definitional discussion 这个 dialogue segment,demonstrate 了 staff's professional expertise 和 educational approach,体现 store 不仅 provide services 还 educate customers about jazz,reinforces 主旨中 owner's mission to promote jazz music 的具体实践

    展示主旨中推广使命的专业体现
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

5 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 5 步按2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语六级文章。

  1. 定位对话场景 P1 P2

    对话的 setting 是 topic 的 anchor point,jazz store 这个 specific location 直接框定了 conversation 的 subject matter 和后续展开的 scope。

  2. 捕捉场所特色服务 P4

    当 speaker 用 detailed enumeration 来介绍某个 establishment 的 multiple functions(cafe, library, ticket office, studio),这些 comprehensive services 往往是 main idea 的 key component,表明文章不只是 casual chat 而是在 showcase something specific。

  3. 识别使命宣言 P4 P5

    Mission-oriented language 揭示了 deeper intention beyond 表面的 service description。Phrases like 'committed to fostering' 和 'trying to promote' 表明这不仅是 business operation,更是带有 advocacy purpose 的 endeavor,这是 main idea 的 motivational core。

  4. 捕捉流行度对比 P5 P6

    Contrastive statements(jazz 的 declining market 对比 pop, rock, hip hop 的 popularity)highlight 了 challenge 和 context。这种 contrast 说明 promoting jazz 不是在 favorable conditions 下进行,而是 against the trend,这个 adversity context 是理解 main idea 的 critical dimension。

  5. 整合关键要素 P1 P2 P4 P5 P6

    Main idea 不是 isolated fact 而是 interconnected elements 的 synthesis。只有把 where(jazz store), what(comprehensive services), why(foster talent, promote genre), against what backdrop(declining popularity)这些 components 串联起来,才能 form 一个 coherent 且 complete 的 main idea。

主旨信号词 exclusively P4 committed to fostering P4 not much of a jazz scene anymore P5 trying to promote P5 smaller market P6

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

一位男士参观一家专营爵士乐的唱片店,了解到该店提供全面服务(咖啡厅、图书馆、售票处、录音室),以及店主致力于推广爵士乐的使命,尽管爵士乐相比流行、摇滚和嘻哈音乐受欢迎程度在下降。
A man visiting a jazz-exclusive record store learns about its comprehensive services (cafe, library, ticket office, studio) and the owner's mission to promote jazz music despite its declining popularity compared to pop, rock, and hip hop.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

3 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语六级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • exclusively 专门地;仅仅;排他地

    我们先看到 only 和 exclusively 在同一个句子中出现,这提示我们 exclusively 可能和 only 有相似的含义。然后通过对话的上下文,我们确认了这家店确实 only have jazz,nothing else。这进一步验证了 exclusively 表达的是一种排他性。最后从 exclusive + -ly 的构词结构,我们可以确定这是一个副词,修饰 dedicated,表示专门地、仅仅地致力于 jazz。

    共现词-语境-构词三步推断法
  • foster 培养;促进;扶持

    首先,从 produce albums for up-and-coming artists 到 fostering new music talent 的逻辑递进,我们看出 fostering 是对新人的某种支持行为。其次,committed to fostering 这个搭配告诉我们这是一个正面的、有价值的动作。最后,男士用 promote 来总结女士的行为,这证实了 fostering 确实是培养、促进的意思。

    具体行为-对象-搭配-复述验证法
  • genre 类型;流派;体裁

    通过 music genre 这个搭配,我们知道 genre 是对音乐的某种划分。然后从 jazz 被称为 rich genre,我们了解到 genre 是可以有不同特点的分类。最后,通过 genre 和 styles 的层级关系,以及 pop、rock、hip hop、jazz 这些并列的音乐类型,我们可以确定 genre 就是指音乐的类型或流派。

    领域-特征-层级三维定位法
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

3 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 反问

    P3

    男士在 第3段 用 "Nothing else?" 这个 rhetorical question 表达出他的 surprise,因为他没想到这家店 exclusively sells jazz music。这种 反问 creates a conversational tone,让对话显得更加 natural and engaging,同时也为女士接下来详细介绍店铺的 comprehensive services 做了很好的 setup,推动了 dialogue 的发展并引出文章的 main theme about the jazz store's unique positioning。

    信号词 Nothing else Only Just That's it No other Nothing more Is that all

    仿写: 当你想在 dialogue 中 express surprise 或者 seek confirmation 时,可以使用 short rhetorical questions。建议采用 "Nothing/No + noun?" 或 "Only + noun?" 的 pattern。例如:当听到某个 unexpected limitation 时,你可以说 "No alternatives?" 或 "Only one option?"。这种 structure 简洁有力,能 effectively convey your emotional reaction while prompting further explanation from the other party。仿写模版:"Nothing/Only + [核心限定词] + ?"

  • 语气词

    P5

    男士在 第5段 使用 "Wow!" 和 "That's so cool" 这些 exclamatory expressions 来 express his genuine admiration for the store's efforts。这些 interjections 不仅 convey enthusiasm,还 validate 女士介绍的内容,creating a positive atmosphere in the conversation。从 thematic perspective 来看,这种 enthusiastic response highlights the store's impressive dedication to jazz,强化了文章想要传达的 message about preserving and promoting jazz culture despite market challenges。

    信号词 Wow Oh Amazing Incredible Fantastic Great Awesome Cool That's so How

    仿写: 在 dialogue writing 中,当你想 show enthusiasm or appreciation 时,strategic use of interjections 非常有效。建议在听到 impressive information 后,先用一个 short exclamation(如 Wow, Amazing, Incredible),然后紧接着用一个 evaluative statement(如 That's + adjective)。Pattern 可以是:"[Interjection]! That's [positive adjective]." 例如:"Amazing! That's really impressive." 或 "Fantastic! That's exactly what we need." 这种 two-part structure 既 express immediate emotion 又 provide specific evaluation,让你的 response sound natural and engaging。

  • 重复

    P8

    在 第8段 中,女士通过 repetitive structure "Some have... but most don't. Some are... and some aren't. Some contain... but not always" 来 illustrate jazz 的 diversity。这种 anaphoric repetition(首语重复)of "Some" creates a rhythmic pattern,makes the explanation more memorable and emphatic。从 thematic function 来看,这种 repetition effectively conveys the complexity and variety of jazz music,supporting the article's message that jazz 虽然 market smaller 但仍然是 incredibly rich genre 值得 promotion。

    信号词 Some Many Others Most Few Several Certain Various

    仿写: 当你需要在 dialogue 中 present multiple aspects or examples 时,使用 parallel repetition structure 非常有效。建议采用 "Some + verb/be + adjective, but... Some + verb/be + adjective, and..." 的 pattern。这种 anaphoric structure 让你的 explanation sound organized and comprehensive。例如:在描述一个 diverse group 时,你可以说 "Some members focus on research, while others prefer practice. Some work individually, and some collaborate in teams." 仿写模版:"Some + [描述A] + contrasting element, Some + [描述B] + connecting element"。记住要 maintain the same grammatical structure 在每个 repetition 中,这样能 maximize the rhetorical effect。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

5 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 婉拒顾客的不当需求

    P2
    I'm sorry, we're a jazz store. We don't have any rock and roll.

    委婉表达 I'm sorry I'm afraid unfortunately regrettably sadly I apologize but with regret

    女店员的 I'm sorry 表面上是 expressing regret,但 implication 是 clearly declining 男顾客的 rock music request。这个 polite refusal 直接 establishes 了 dialogue 的 context:这是一家 specialized jazz store,为后续 elaborate 店铺的 jazz-exclusive mission 做了 foundation。对 article theme 的 value 在于 immediately clarifying 店铺的 positioning 和 specialty,同时展现了 professional courtesy 和 niche market 的 boundary-setting。

  • 对爵士乐市场萎缩的遗憾

    P5
    I guess there's not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like they used to be.

    模糊限制语 not much of not many hardly any barely scarcely somewhat kind of

    男顾客的 not much of a jazz scene anymore 表层是 tentative observation,但 underlying meaning 是对 jazz music 的 market shrinkage 和 cultural decline 的 acknowledgment。这个 implication 为 article theme 提供了 market context,解释了为什么这家 jazz store 的 mission to promote jazz 显得 particularly valuable 和 counter-cultural。它 validates 女店员接下来 elaborate 的 challenge:在 pop、rock、hip hop dominated market 里 preserve jazz culture 的 difficulty 和 significance。

  • 对爵士乐式微的惋惜

    P6
    there are fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame because it's an incredibly rich genre.

    情态词 which is a great shame it's a pity unfortunately sadly regrettably it's disappointing that what a shame

    女店员的 great shame 表面是 expressing personal regret,但 deeper implication 是她作为 jazz advocate 对 market unfairness 的 frustration 和对 jazz intrinsic value 的 passionate defense。这个 emotional stance 直接 supports article theme 里 owner's mission to promote jazz,展现了她的 commitment 不只是 business operation,而是 cultural preservation 的 sense of duty。对 theme 的 contribution 是 humanizing 这个 jazz promotion mission,让它显得 more meaningful 和 urgent。

  • 爵士市场依然存在的微弱希望

    P6
    But that's not to say there isn't any good new jazz music being made out there anymore—far from it.

    转折类 far from it on the contrary quite the opposite but however yet nevertheless

    女店员的 far from it 表层是 denying 爵士乐 complete decline,但 underlying message 是她对 jazz vitality 的 defensive optimism 和作为 industry insider 的 insider knowledge。这个 implication 为 article theme 增添了 nuance:promotion mission 不是在 revive 完全 dead 的 genre,而是在 amplify 已经 existing 但 overlooked 的 quality music。对 theme 的 value 是展现 store's role 不是 mourning the past,而是 connecting hidden gems 和 potential audience,这让 mission 更 actionable 和 hopeful。

  • 爵士乐定义的主观性和体验性

    P8
    you simply know it when you hear it. Honestly, the only way to know what jazz is, is to listen to it yourself.

    委婉表达 you simply know it when you hear it you know it when you hear it you'll know it when you see it it's hard to explain you have to experience it yourself it's indescribable words don't do it justice

    女店员的 you simply know it when you hear it 表层是 giving up on definition,但 deeper meaning 是她在 emphasizing jazz 的 experiential nature 和 inviting direct engagement。引用 Louis Armstrong 的 if you gotta ask, you'll never know 进一步 reinforces 这个 anti-intellectual stance:jazz appreciation 是 visceral and immediate,不需要 academic framework。对 article theme 的 significance 是这个 philosophy 支持了 store 的 comprehensive approach (cafe, library, studio):创造 immersive environment 让人 experience jazz,而不只是 selling records。这让 promotion mission 从 education 变成 cultural immersion。

SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

9 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

  • We're the only record store in London dedicated exclusively to jazz.
    第4段,第2句

    涵盖主系表结构及表语内的定语修饰(介词短语 "in London" 与过去分词短语 "dedicated exclusively to jazz"),可练习后置定语的识别,但成分种类有限,缺少宾语、状语等其他核心成分。

  • Actually, we're more than just a record store.
    第4段,第3句

    主系表结构在四六级和考研中较常见,但本句过于简单,缺少从句或复杂修饰成分,作为典型句式的代表性一般。

  • We are committed to fostering new music talent.
    第4段,第6句

    本句使用"be committed to doing"这一四六级和考研常见的固定搭配结构,在表达承诺或决心时频繁出现。结构具有一定代表性,掌握后可迁移至类似句式(如"be devoted to doing""be dedicated to doing"等)。但作为简单句,整体句式较为基础,复杂度不高。

  • I guess there's not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like they used to be.
    第5段,第3句

    "I think/guess + 宾语从句" 是四六级和考研阅读中的常见句式,there be 句型和 used to 结构也属于高频考点。附加的比较状语结构 "not like..." 在口语化表达中较常见。整体结构具有一定代表性,掌握后可迁移到类似句式,但不算最典型的书面考试长难句。

  • Hip hop music from America is also getting more and more popular.
    第6段,第3句

    主系表结构配合现在进行时和后置定语修饰,是四六级阅读和写作中的常见句式。"be getting + 形容词" 表示渐进变化的表达在描述趋势类话题时频繁出现,具有较强的迁移性。但整体句式相对简单,不如多从句复合句那样具有高代表性。

  • So as a result, there are fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame because it's an incredibly rich genre.
    第6段,第4句

    非限制性定语从句补充说明主句、原因状语从句嵌套解释原因,这种主句加补充评价的结构在四六级和考研阅读中非常常见;there be 句型和 "which is" 引导的评价性定语从句也是高频句式,掌握后可大量复用到其他句子分析中。

  • But that's not to say there isn't any good new jazz music being made out there anymore—far from it.
    第6段,第5句

    本句涵盖主句的主谓宾(宾语为从句)、宾语从句的 there be 倒装主谓结构、后置定语(现在分词短语)、时间状语等多种成分,且 "that" 作主语、整个从句作宾语、"being made" 作定语等都是需要仔细辨析的考点,训练价值较高。

  • Indeed, there are many different styles of jazz.
    第8段,第2句

    there be 句型在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现,用于陈述客观存在或引出话题;掌握该句型的主语识别、主谓一致等规则可大量复用;但本句过于简单、无从句嵌套或并列结构,不能代表考试中 there be 与复杂修饰结合的常见形式,典型性中等。

  • It is still going through experimentation.
    第3题,B

    简单句的主谓宾结构加状语是最基础的句式,现在进行时也是常考时态,但本句过于简单,缺乏真题中常见的修饰成分或复杂结构,典型性中等偏下。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1) 的常见问题

2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1) 文章的主旨是什么?
一位男士参观一家专营爵士乐的唱片店,了解到该店提供全面服务(咖啡厅、图书馆、售票处、录音室),以及店主致力于推广爵士乐的使命,尽管爵士乐相比流行、摇滚和嘻哈音乐受欢迎程度在下降。(英文表述:A man visiting a jazz-exclusive record store learns about its comprehensive services (cafe, library, ticket office, studio) and the owner's mission to promote jazz music despite its declining popularity compared to pop, rock, and hip hop.)
2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1) 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为对话。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 309 词、8 段;在英语六级全部 593 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 233 篇(占 39%)。
2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 8 段按对话骨架分为 4 个意群:第1段、第2段、第3段——顾客询问与店铺定位说明;第4段——店铺全面服务介绍;第5段、第6段——爵士音乐市场现状讨论;第7段、第8段——爵士音乐定义阐释。
2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section A (1) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 3 个:exclusively(专门地;仅仅;排他地)、foster(培养;促进;扶持)、genre(类型;流派;体裁),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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