2019年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3)

The airport looks exactly like every other major modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven years after it was originally supposed to open, it still stands empty.

转折类 except for but however yet nevertheless nonetheless on the contrary

这个 implication 通过 visual normalcy 和 functional failure 的 stark contrast,immediately establishes 文章的 critical tone。言外之意是:这个 airport 拥有 all the trappings of success 却完全 non-functional,这种 irony 不仅 embarrassing,更是对 German efficiency 的 mockery。对 main idea 的作用是:从 opening sentence 就奠定了 criticism 基调,为后文 detailed analysis of failures 做铺垫,同时 foreshadow 了 reputation damage 这个 central theme。

Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering, but when it comes to its new ghost airport, this reputation could not be further from the truth.

极端否定类 could not be further from the truth nothing could be further from the exact opposite quite the contrary anything but far from the very opposite of

这个 implication 的 powerful message 是:Germany 的 core national identity - efficiency 和 engineering excellence - 在这个 project 中被 utterly contradicted。用 "ghost airport" 这个 metaphor 和 "joke" 进一步 emphasize humiliation。言外之意揭示了这不是 minor setback,而是 fundamental challenge to national image。对 article's thesis 的作用是:establishes high stakes - 这不仅是 infrastructure failure,更是 reputational crisis,justifying 后文对 problems 的 detailed examination 和对 consequences 的 emphasis。

It wasn't just the smoke system: many other major problems subsequently emerged. More than 90 metres of cable were incorrectly installed; 4,000 doors were wrongly numbered; escalators were too short. And there was a shortage of check-in desks.

递进累加类 It wasn't just not only... but also more than that on top of that in addition to beyond that what's more

这个 implication 通过 overwhelming list of specific failures 传达出 project management 的 complete breakdown。言外之意是:这些不是 minor glitches 可以 easily fix,而是 fundamental design and execution failures permeating every aspect。具体的 numbers 和 diverse problem types 暗示 lack of quality control at all levels。对 main thesis 的贡献是:provides concrete evidence supporting "embarrassment" claim,shows 这不是 one-time error 而是 systematic incompetence,justifying 为什么 delays keep extending 和 costs keep rising。

So why, with so many problems discovered, didn't the airport corporation decide to give up on the project and start over? The reason is simple: people are often hesitant to terminate a project when they've already invested time or resources into it, even if it might make logical sense to do so.

让步类 even if it might make logical sense to do so even if even though despite the fact that although while whereas

这个 implication 直接指出 sunk cost fallacy 在 driving poor decisions。言外之意是:管理层明知 project 已经 fundamentally flawed,继续投入是 throwing good money after bad,但 psychological inability to admit failure 导致 perpetuating disaster。这 explains 为什么 problems keep multiplying 却没人 call stop。对 article's argument 的作用是:provides psychological explanation for prolonged failure,shifts blame from technical issues 到 managerial incompetence 和 decision-making flaws,strengthening "embarrassment" theme by showing it's not just technical failure 而是 human irrationality。

Leadership of the planning corporation has changed hands nearly as many times as the opening date has been pushed back.

对比类 nearly as many times as as often as just as frequently as in proportion to correlating with mirroring paralleling

这个 implication 通过 leadership instability 和 project delays 的 parallel progression 暗示 organizational chaos。言外之意是:不断更换 leaders 既是 delays 的 consequence (失败导致 scapegoating) 也是 cause (lack of continuity 导致 more problems),形成 downward spiral。这种 instability 反映 fundamental governance failure。对 main argument 的作用是:adds another dimension to embarrassment - not just technical failure 而是 organizational dysfunction,explains why problems persist (no consistent leadership),reinforces systematic nature of failure beyond technical issues。

Initially, rather than appointing a general contractor to run the project, the corporation decided to manage it themselves despite lack of experience with an undertaking of that scale.

让步对比类 despite lack of in spite of not having without sufficient in the absence of lacking with no deficient in

这个 implication 揭示了 root cause of failure - hubris。言外之意是:corporation 选择 self-manage 这么 complex 的 project 在 lacking relevant expertise 的情况下是 reckless arrogance,这个 fundamental misjudgment 在 project start 就 doomed it to failure。这 explains 为什么会有 so many basic errors。对 main thesis 的作用是:identifies original sin of the project,shows failure 是 predictable consequence of poor initial decision,not just bad luck,deepens embarrassment by showing it was avoidable,strengthens criticism of German management in this case。

To compound the delays, the unused airport is resulting in massive costs. Every month that it remains unopened, it costs between €9m and €10m.

递进加剧类 To compound to compound to exacerbate to worsen to aggravate adding insult to injury making matters worse

这个 implication 通过 ongoing financial bleeding 把 static failure 转化为 dynamic catastrophe。言外之意是:这不是 sunk cost that's done,而是 continuing drain that grows every month,把 past mistake 变成 present crisis。Specific monthly figures (€9-10m) make waste tangible and shocking。对 article's message 的作用是:adds urgency and ongoing nature to embarrassment,shows it's not just historical failure 而是 current crisis,provides economic dimension to reputation damage,justifies strong criticism by demonstrating mounting real-world consequences。

Assuming all goes well, the airport should open in October 2020.

条件限制语（模糊限制语） Assuming all goes well assuming if all goes well provided that supposing in the best case optimistically

这个 implication 通过 cautious hedging 表达对 latest promise 的 deep skepticism。言外之意是:考虑到 consistent failure record,"assuming all goes well" 实际意味着 "which it probably won't",这是 ironic understatement。This subtle doubt reinforces 整个 project 的 unreliability。对 conclusion 的作用是:在 provide nominal hope (might open 2020) 同时 reinforce central theme of incompetence,suggests problem 不会 magically resolve,maintains critical tone through final statement,leaves reader with lasting impression of failure 而非 optimism。

But the still-empty airport stands as the biggest embarrassment to Germany's reputation for efficiency—and a continuing drain on city and state resources.

状态持续类（强调词） still-empty still unused continuing ongoing persistent unresolved lingering

这个 implication 作为 concluding statement 把 entire narrative 浓缩为 enduring symbol of failure。言外之意是:"still-empty" 不只是 physical state,而是 permanent stain on national reputation,每一天 it stands empty 都在 actively damaging Germany's image。配合 "biggest embarrassment" 和 "continuing drain",这个 airport 从 infrastructure project 变成 national humiliation 的 monument。对 article's closing impact 的作用是:provides powerful final image that encapsulates all preceding criticism,emphasizes permanence and visibility of failure,bookends opening irony (looks like airport but isn't) with closing judgment,leaves reader with lasting impression of monumental failure that won't soon be forgotten。