2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2)
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2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2)

说明文 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 247 词、3 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在英语六级文章中占 39%),作者立场为「客观中立」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语六级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 的听力原文,共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

Setting the office air-conditioning at about 22℃ has become standard practice across the world. Numerous guidebooks across the world on heating, ventilation and air-conditioning claim office performance peaks at 22 degrees. Many people indeed find relief from soaring summer temperatures in air-conditioned offices. But recent studies have challenged the accepted wisdom that a cool office is more productive.

The reality is more complex. Researchers conducted a review of all studies relating to air-conditioning and productivity. They found that 22 degrees was probably a little chilly, even at the height of summer. For a person dressed in typical summer clothing, an optimal range would be between 23 and 26 degrees. And people can even tolerate temperatures beyond this comfort zone as long as they can adjust their clothing and expectations. In fact, even on very hot days, it makes sense to turn the air-conditioning up. People often chase just one optimum temperature, and this is understandable when people feel hot. But there is a range of at least three to four degrees which does not have any adverse impact.

Another issue related to this is that people can become psychologically dependent on air conditioning. If they're used to the environment which is air-conditioned, they tend to prefer lower temperatures. But the studies found that almost all humans became accustomed to the new temperature. It was only at the extreme ends of the temperature range where people's productivity suffered. This range was above 26 degrees and below 19 degrees.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    Questioning the 22℃ Standard

    The accepted 22℃ office standard is being challenged by new research.

    本段承担全文的 opening function:它先建立“22℃最优”这一读者熟悉的旧认知,再以 recent studies 制造认知冲突,从而为后文说明更合理的 temperature range 铺垫。

    抓住But后的争议
  2. P2

    A Flexible Comfort Range

    Productivity is maintained across a flexible temperature range, not at one fixed temperature.

    本段是全文的 evidence core:它用研究综述和具体数字回答首段提出的疑问,表明22℃偏冷,并将文章主旨从“质疑旧标准”推进到“提出弹性温度范围”。

    用数据归纳区间
  3. P3

    Adaptation and Temperature Limits

    People can adapt to temperature changes, and productivity suffers only at extreme temperatures.

    本段为全文加入 human adaptation 和极端阈值两个关键限定:它解释了人们为何会偏爱低温,同时证明这种偏好并不等于效率规律,最终完整支撑“非极端温度下人们具有适应性”的文章主旨。

    锁定适应与边界
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2020年12月英语六级真题第2套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 recent studies cool office productivity

    What do recent studies suggest about the relationship between a cool office and productivity?

    • A Office performance always peaks at 22 degrees.
    • B Employees are unable to work effectively without air-conditioning.
    • C A cool office is not necessarily more productive.
    • D The lower the office temperature, the greater the productivity.
    • E Most workers prefer hot offices during the summer.
    • F Air-conditioning guidebooks have abandoned the 22-degree standard.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    该项准确改写了 recent studies have challenged the accepted wisdom that a cool office is more productive。关键是 not necessarily:它没有绝对否认 cool office 的作用,而是撤销“必然更高效”的因果确定性。六级常把 challenge 改写为 not necessarily true,障碍在于原文没有直接说“完全无效”,考生若把 challenged 误读为 disproved,就会掉进绝对化选项。

    转折句语气验真 时间极紧时,不必从头细读。直接扫描 第1段 末句的 recent studies 和 challenged,再将题干中的 relationship 与选项逐项做“语气强度”比对。把 challenged 先机械转换为“旧命题不再可直接成立”,随后选择正确项:它应保留有限否定,而不能出现 always、unable 或线性比较。这个方法比逐句翻译更快,因为它抓的是说明文结论句的逻辑极性。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 typical summer clothing temperature range optimal

    For people in typical summer clothing, what temperature range is considered optimal?

    • A Exactly 22 degrees.
    • B Between 19 and 22 degrees.
    • C Above 26 degrees.
    • D Between 23 and 26 degrees.
    • E Any range spanning three to four degrees.
    • F Below 19 degrees.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    该项与 For a person dressed in typical summer clothing, an optimal range would be between 23 and 26 degrees 完全对应,数值、区间形式与适用条件均一致。障碍在于段内紧邻多个数字信息:22 degrees 是此前被认为偏冷的标准,three to four degrees 是无 adverse impact 的跨度,beyond this comfort zone 是 tolerance 结论。只有正确项同时满足 optimal 与 summer clothing 两个限定。

    条件标签配数字 在 第2段 中,先用肉眼捕捉带 clothing 的长短语,不读其余解释句;接着只读取该短语所在句的数值和评价词。然后执行“标签配对”:题干标注 optimal range,选项中只有正确项应同时呈现区间数值并对应最高适宜等级。这个方法不需要处理段内全部数字,只需拒绝所有没有绑定 optimal 的数字。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 productivity suffered studies find When

    When did the studies find that people's productivity suffered?

    • A Whenever the temperature was below 26 degrees.
    • B As soon as the temperature moved outside the comfort zone.
    • C When workers had become accustomed to air-conditioned environments.
    • D When temperatures remained between 23 and 26 degrees.
    • E Only when temperatures were above 26 degrees or below 19 degrees.
    • F Whenever workers could not adjust their expectations.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    该项完整保留了原文的三个关键限制:only 表示排他性条件,above 26 degrees 表示高温端,below 19 degrees 表示低温端。文章先说 almost all humans became accustomed to the new temperature,再限定 only at the extreme ends productivity suffered。命题障碍在于考生容易只记住 26 degrees,遗漏 below 19 degrees;也容易把 above 26 误解为从26开始受损,忽略 above 的严格边界。

    双端阈值回溯 直接在 第3段 进行“结果词反向回溯”:先锁定 productivity suffered,不从段首开始读;向前只读取最近的条件框架 only at the extreme ends,向后立即提取两个方向相反的数值边界。判定时,把正确项当作一个“双端阈值”模板:必须同时有高端、低端和排他限定,少一个结构部件的选项即淘汰。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 传统观点:22℃是办公室最佳温度

    这个意群 introduces 了一个 widely accepted practice,就是把 office air-conditioning 设定在 22℃ around the world。很多 guidebooks 都 claim 这个 temperature 能让 office performance peak,people 在 summer 也能 find relief。但最后作者用 But 转折,提出 recent studies 已经 challenged 这个 accepted wisdom,为后文的 discussion 埋下伏笔。

    这个意群作为说明文的 opening part,通过 presenting 一个 standard practice 和 accepted wisdom,然后用 challenge 这个词 signals 读者,traditional view 可能不够 accurate。这种 structure 在说明文中很典型,先 establish 一个 common belief,再 introduce 新的 research findings 来 refine or correct it,从而 lead into 主旨关于 optimal temperature range 的讨论。

    提出被质疑的传统标准
  2. 研究发现:温度舒适区间更宽泛

    这个意群通过 researchers' review 提供了 concrete evidence,说明 reality is more complex。研究 found 22 degrees 可能 too chilly,optimal range 应该是 23-26 degrees for people in summer clothing。更重要的是,people can tolerate temperatures beyond comfort zone 只要能 adjust clothing and expectations。作者还 points out,即使 on very hot days,也 makes sense to turn air-conditioning up,因为有 a range of three to four degrees 不会 have adverse impact on productivity。

    这个意群是说明文的 body part,直接 supports 主旨中关于 broader comfort range 的 claim。通过 citing research review 和 providing specific temperature ranges,这个 sense group 用 empirical evidence 来 explain 为什么 22℃ may not be optimal。它不仅 offers 一个 alternative range (23-26℃),还 introduces 一个重要 concept:people's adaptability through clothing adjustment,这为后面讨论 psychological dependence 和 acclimatization 做了 preparation。

    给出最佳温度范围
  3. 心理适应:人可以习惯新温度

    这个意群 shifts focus to 一个 related issue - psychological dependence on air conditioning。作者 explains 如果 people are used to air-conditioned environment,they tend to prefer lower temperatures。但关键 finding 是 almost all humans can become accustomed to new temperature through adaptation。Studies found 只有在 extreme ends (above 26℃ and below 19℃) 时,people's productivity 才会 suffer。这个意群 completes 整篇文章的 argument by explaining the psychological mechanism behind temperature adaptation。

    这个意群在说明文 structure 中 serves as 一个 complementary explanation,它 addresses 'how' and 'why' people can adapt to broader temperature range。通过 introducing psychological dependence 和 acclimatization 的 concept,这个 sense group 不仅 reinforces 主旨中 'people can adapt' 的 point,还 specifies 主旨提到的 extreme temperatures (below 19℃ or above 26℃)。这种 structure 在说明文中很 typical:先 present findings (意群2),再 explain underlying mechanisms (意群3),让 readers 既知道 'what' 又理解 'why'。

    说明适应机制和极限
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

5 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 5 步按2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语六级文章。

  1. 段首句扫描法 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的 paragraph structure 通常遵循 topic sentence 原则,每段的 opening sentence 会揭示该段的 central idea。第1段 开头提到 22℃ has become standard practice,第2段 用 The reality is more complex 转折,第3段 引入 Another issue,这些 opening signals 勾勒出文章从 established norm 到 challenging research 再到 additional findings 的 logical flow

  2. 转折对比识别 P1 P2

    第1段 末尾的 But recent studies have challenged the accepted wisdom 是明确的 turning point,表明文章主旨不是 support 22℃ standard,而是 question it。这个 challenge signal 预示着后文会 present alternative views,是 identifying main idea 的 crucial clue

  3. 数据范围提取 P2 P3

    第2段 中的 23-26 degrees optimal range 和 第3段 中的 below 19℃ and above 26℃ productivity decline 是 precise numerical evidence。说明文的 main idea 通常由这些 quantifiable findings 来 substantiate,而非 vague generalizations。这些 data points 直接对应主旨中的 broader comfort range 和 extreme temperatures

  4. 论点层次梳理 P1 P2 P3

    主旨包含三个 layers:questioning 22℃ standard (primary challenge),proposing 23-26℃ range (alternative solution),explaining adaptation mechanism (supporting rationale)。第2段 focuses on temperature range,第3段 adds psychological adaptation。这种 hierarchical structure 中,primary claim 通常在 early paragraphs 被 established,subsequent paragraphs 提供 elaboration

  5. 要素综合成旨 P1 P2 P3

    将 第1段 的 challenge to 22℃、第2段 的 23-26℃ range with adjustment allowance、第3段 的 acclimatization and extreme limits 整合,可以 construct 完整主旨。说明文的 main idea 是这些 key elements 的 synthesis,而非单一段落的 paraphrase

主旨信号词 challenged P1 optimal P2 range P2 adapt / accustomed P3 extreme P3

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

标准的办公室温度22℃可能并非生产力的最佳温度。研究表明,23-26℃的更宽范围是可接受的,人们可以通过调整衣物和适应来接受不同温度,只有在低于19℃或高于26℃的极端温度下生产力才会下降。
The standard office temperature of 22℃ may not be optimal for productivity. Research suggests a broader comfort range of 23-26℃ is acceptable, and people can adapt to varying temperatures through clothing adjustments and acclimatization, with productivity only declining at extreme temperatures below 19℃ or above 26℃.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

3 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语六级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • soar 急剧上升、飙升

    现在我们把三条 clues 串联起来。首先,从 relief 这个词我们知道人们需要从某种不适中解脱,说明 soaring temperatures 是令人不适的。其次,air-conditioning 的存在本身就说明温度需要被降低,那么 soaring 应该表示温度在上升或很高。最后,从 -ing 的构词特点看,soaring 表示一个正在进行的主动动作。把这些 evidence 综合起来,soaring 应该表示温度正在急剧上升或飙升的状态。

    结果反推+情境逻辑+构词分析
  • adverse 不利的、负面的

    让我们整合这些 clues。第一,句子说在某个 range 内不会有 adverse impact,用了 negative structure,暗示 adverse 本身是负面的。第二,第3段 中 extreme temperatures 导致 productivity suffered,与 第2段 的 adverse impact 形成 parallel,证实了负面含义。第三,从 morphology 角度,adverse 的结构与 reverse、inverse 等词相似,都带有相反、对立的意味。综合这些 evidence,adverse 应该表示不利的、负面的、有害的。

    否定结构+段落对比+词族类比
  • tolerate 忍受、容忍

    现在我们综合分析。首先,even 这个 intensifier 告诉我们,即使在 beyond comfort zone 的情况下,人们仍然可以 tolerate,说明这是一种承受能力。其次,as long as 引导的 condition 表明需要做出 adjustments,证明 tolerate 不是自然舒适的状态,而是需要努力维持的接受。第三,第3段 中 accustomed 这个概念与 tolerate 呼应,都涉及对不理想条件的适应。把这些 clues 结合,tolerate 表示忍受、容忍某种不太理想但可以接受的状况。

    强化词+条件限制+主题词场
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 列数字

    P1 P2 P3

    文章中反复出现了 precise temperature values,比如 22℃、23-26℃、19℃ 等具体的 numerical data。这些 exact figures 让 argument 变得 concrete and credible,支撑了主旨中关于 optimal temperature range 的 claim。通过 specific numbers,读者能清晰地 grasp 什么温度是 standard practice,什么是 researchers 建议的 range,以及 productivity 会在哪些 extreme temperatures 下 suffer。这种 quantitative approach 让抽象的 comfort zone 概念变得 measurable and actionable。

    信号词 22℃ 23 and 26 degrees 19 degrees 26 degrees three to four degrees

    仿写: 当你要 explain 一个 range 或者 standard 时,问自己:能否用 specific numbers 来 define it?比如不说 "temperature should be comfortable",而说 "temperature should be between X and Y degrees"。模版可以是:"Research shows that [主题] performs optimally at [具体数字] / within the range of [数字1] to [数字2] / begins to decline beyond [数字3]"。Practice 时要注意 numbers 必须来自 reliable sources,并且要 relevant to your main point。

  • 作比较

    P1 P2

    文章通过 contrasting different perspectives 来 develop its argument。在 第1段 中,对比了 standard practice(22℃)和 recent studies 的 challenge。在 第2段 中,对比了 people's chase for "one optimum temperature" 和 reality of "a range of three to four degrees"。这种 comparison 直接服务于主旨,showing that the conventional wisdom(单一最佳温度)versus the research-based reality(温度范围的 flexibility)。通过这些 contrasts,作者 dismantles the myth 并 establishes a more nuanced understanding。

    信号词 But versus while however In fact even rather than

    仿写: 当你想 challenge 一个 common belief 时,用 comparison 来 set up the contrast。问自己:What's the old view versus the new finding? 模版可以是:"While [传统观点/做法] has been standard, recent evidence suggests that [新发现] / [A] claims [观点1], but [B] shows that [观点2]"。Key point 是要 make the contrast explicit,用 signal words 来 guide readers through the comparison。Practice 时注意 both sides 都要 present fairly,然后 tip the balance with evidence。

  • 引资料

    P1 P2 P3

    文章在 第1段 提到 "Numerous guidebooks across the world" 和 第2段 的 "Researchers conducted a review of all studies",还有 第3段 的 "the studies found"。这些 references to external sources 为文章的 claims 提供了 authoritative backing。虽然没有 cite specific publications,但 mentioning guidebooks 和 research reviews 增强了 argument 的 legitimacy。这直接支持主旨,因为 challenge 22℃ standard 需要 credible evidence base,不能只是 personal opinion。

    信号词 guidebooks studies Researchers conducted the studies found research review

    仿写: 当你提出一个 might be controversial 的 claim 时,考虑 anchor it with references。问自己:Who has studied this? What do experts say? 模版是:"According to [来源], [观点] / Research conducted by [机构/学者] shows that [发现] / [领域] guidebooks/studies indicate that [结论]"。Writing 时不需要 detailed citations(除非是 academic paper),但要 mention the type of source(studies、experts、organizations)来 establish authority。

  • 作诠释

    P2 P3

    文章多处对 concepts 进行了 explanation and elaboration。比如 第2段 中 "People can even tolerate temperatures beyond this comfort zone as long as they can adjust their clothing and expectations" 这句 clarifies 了什么叫 tolerance beyond comfort zone。第3段 的 "people can become psychologically dependent on air conditioning" 然后 explains 这意味着 "they tend to prefer lower temperatures"。这些 interpretative statements 让 main point 更容易 comprehend,especially 关于 human adaptation 的 complex mechanism。通过 breaking down concepts,文章让读者理解为什么 single optimal temperature 是个 misconception。

    信号词 as long as in fact this means which is that is tend to

    仿写: 当你 introduce 一个可能 cause confusion 的 concept 时,immediately follow with an interpretation。问自己:What does this really mean in practical terms? 模版可以是:"[概念], which means [解释] / [术语] - in other words, [换个说法] / This [现象] suggests that [深层含义]"。Practice 时要注意 interpretation 应该 simplify without oversimplifying,可以用 "that is to say"、"in other words"、"this means" 等 phrases 来 introduce your elaboration。

  • 举例子

    P2

    文章在 第2段 使用了 concrete scenario 来 illustrate the point:"For a person dressed in typical summer clothing, an optimal range would be between 23 and 26 degrees." 这个 example 给了一个 specific context(summer clothing)来 demonstrate how temperature range applies in reality。虽然不是 traditional narrative example,但它提供了一个 relatable situation 让 abstract temperature data 变得 tangible。这支持主旨因为它 shows how the recommended range 在 practical scenarios 中 works,不只是 theoretical numbers。

    信号词 For example For instance such as like For a person

    仿写: 当你 present 一个 general principle 或 statistical finding 时,ground it with an example。问自己:What's a typical situation where this applies? 模版:"For example, [具体场景] / Consider [实例] / In the case of [情况], [原则如何应用]"。Writing 时 choose examples that your target audience can easily relate to。Example 不需要很长,但要 specific enough to create mental imagery。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

3 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 传统22℃标准并非最优

    P1
    But recent studies have challenged the accepted wisdom that a cool office is more productive.

    转折对比类 challenged but however contrary to despite although yet

    这个 implication 的 essence 是:尽管 global practice 把 22℃ 当作 gold standard,但 emerging research 表明这个 temperature 可能 suboptimal。言外之意是「don't blindly follow conventional wisdom」。对于 article's thesis 的 role 极为 critical——它 establish 整篇文章的 argumentative foundation,telling readers 我们需要 re-examine 这个 seemingly scientific 的 temperature setting。它的 value 在于 create cognitive dissonance,激发 readers 的 curiosity:既然 widely adopted standard 可能 incorrect,那 what's the truth?这为 subsequent paragraphs 的 detailed explanation 铺平道路。

  • 最优温度区间比单一标准更合理

    P2
    an optimal range would be between 23 and 26 degrees... there is a range of at least three to four degrees which does not have any adverse impact.

    模糊限制语类 range probably about at least approximately roughly around

    这个 implication 的 deeper meaning 是:人们对 single optimal temperature 的 pursuit 是 misguided 的,因为 human adaptability 允许 broader comfort zone。言外之意传递「stop chasing perfection in temperature control」的 message。对 thesis 的 contribution 在于 provide concrete evidence 支撑 opening statement——它用 empirical data(23-26℃ range)证明 22℃ 确实 not optimal。更 important 的是,through emphasizing range concept,文章 challenge 读者的 binary thinking:不是「找到完美温度」,而是「accept temperature flexibility」。这个 implication 的 value 体现在 shift paradigm from precision to adaptability,为后文 discuss psychological dependence 和 acclimatization 奠定 conceptual groundwork。

  • 对空调的依赖源于习惯而非生理必需

    P3
    people can become psychologically dependent on air conditioning... they tend to prefer lower temperatures. But... almost all humans became accustomed... It was only at the extreme ends... where people's productivity suffered.

    情态词/限定词类 psychologically dependent psychologically tend to almost only merely just

    这个 implication 的 profound meaning 是:人们对 air conditioning 的 insistence 很大程度是 learned behavior 而非 physiological necessity。言外之意是「we've been over-relying on artificial cooling」,甚至 suggesting mild psychological addiction。对 article's central thesis 的 function 非常 pivotal——它 explain why 22℃ standard persists despite being suboptimal:因为 psychological dependence creates self-reinforcing cycle。这个 insight 的 value 在于 shift discussion from technical question(what's optimal temperature)to behavioral dimension(why do we chase specific temperature)。通过 reveal adaptation capability(almost all humans became accustomed),文章 empower readers to reconsider their temperature expectations。Final implication 是 environmental and economic:psychological dependence leads to excessive air conditioning use,which has broader sustainability implications。这个 layer 使 simple temperature discussion 升华为 reflection on human adaptability and resource consumption。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:客观中立

结论先行:本文作者态度为客观中立( Objective, evidence-based reassessment)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 抓首段转折句 P1

    说明文常用先陈述common belief再用but转折引出新research的写法,这种结构本身就是态度的第一层信号,提示作者可能不完全认同前面的说法。

  2. 统计hedge词密度 P2

    说明文里作者常用hedge words比如probably、may、tend to来传递审慎、客观的态度,而不是绝对化断言,这提示作者是理性陈述而非情绪化评判。

  3. 辨析解释与评判 P3

    说明文如果只是在explain现象背后的mechanism而不做moral judgment,通常说明作者保持neutral analysis的立场,而非消极批判。

  4. 三层信号综合判断 P1 P2 P3

    当transition word、hedging language和mechanism explanation同时出现且没有emotional words时,说明文的作者态度基本可以定为客观中立,带一点纠偏的意味。

文中的态度信号词

  • But P1

    'But'把前面'22 degrees is standard'的common belief和后面'recent studies challenged'的新research连接起来,标志作者要转向质疑旧规则。

    同类词 however yet nevertheless although whereas

  • probably P2

    'probably a little chilly'用hedge word削弱了判断的绝对性,说明作者在陈述research finding时保持scientific caution,而不是斩钉截铁的judgment。

    同类词 might could seem to likely tend to

  • makes sense P2

    'it makes sense to turn the air-conditioning up'表达作者对研究建议的理性认同,属于mild support而不是情绪化的夸赞。

    同类词 it is reasonable to logically it stands to reason

  • understandable P2

    作者用'this is understandable'承认大众追求single optimum temperature的心理,说明作者并非一味否定common perception,而是带着empathy去平衡论述。

    同类词 reasonable natural no wonder

  • does not have any adverse impact P2

    这句直接否定了negative impact的存在,消解了'必须严格保持22度'的担忧,体现作者用research data纠正误解的中立立场。

    同类词 no adverse impact poses no threat is harmless no negative effect

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语六级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文?

  1. 开头陈述既有事实 P1

    本文首句 'Setting the office air-conditioning at about 22℃ has become standard practice' 直接陈述了 an existing practice,这是 expository writing 的典型 opening pattern。议论文会以 a controversial claim 或 a position statement 开头,新闻报道则会用 the 5Ws 来 lead。

  2. 频繁引用研究数据 P1 P2 P3

    文中出现 'recent studies have challenged'、'Researchers conducted a review'、'the studies found',这些都是 objective sources 的引用。议论文虽然也可能引用 evidence,但主要是为了 support an argument;新闻报道会引用 sources,但侧重 who said what and when。

  3. 围绕单一主题多维展开 P1 P2 P3

    三段分别解释 the standard practice、the optimal temperature range、psychological dependence on AC,都是围绕 office air-conditioning and productivity 这个 central topic 的不同 facets。议论文会有 thesis statement 和 supporting arguments;新闻报道会有 event progression 和 updates。

  4. 保持中立教育性语气 P1 P2 P3

    作者使用 'The reality is more complex'、'it makes sense to' 这类 balanced language,没有强烈的 value judgments 或 urgent reporting tone。议论文会有 'We must'、'It is crucial' 等 persuasive language;新闻报道会有 'just announced'、'breaking' 等 timeliness markers。

  5. 传递知识而非说服或报道 P1 P2 P3

    本文完整符合说明文特征:开篇介绍 a practice,引用 multiple studies,围绕 temperature and productivity 展开 multi-angle explanation,保持 informative tone。它既没有 a clear argumentative thesis 需要 defend,也没有 a time-sensitive event 需要 report,而是系统性地 explaining a topic。

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁?

  • has become standard practice P1 说明对象定义解释词 is defined as refers to is known as means that is characterized by
  • Researchers conducted a review P2 事实陈述与研究引用词 researchers conducted studies show research indicates evidence suggests data reveals
  • optimal range would be between P2 具体数据与范围界定词 range would be between ranges from...to varies between spans from reaches up to
  • The reality is more complex P2 说明顺序与逻辑转折词 the reality is in fact actually however but
  • people can become psychologically dependent on air conditioning P3 因果关系与机制解释词 can become tend to leads to results in causes
  • at the extreme ends of the temperature range P3 条件限定与例外说明词 at the extreme ends only when except for with the exception of unless
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

5 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 的常见问题

2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 文章的主旨是什么?
标准的办公室温度22℃可能并非生产力的最佳温度。研究表明,23-26℃的更宽范围是可接受的,人们可以通过调整衣物和适应来接受不同温度,只有在低于19℃或高于26℃的极端温度下生产力才会下降。(英文表述:The standard office temperature of 22℃ may not be optimal for productivity. Research suggests a broader comfort range of 23-26℃ is acceptable, and people can adapt to varying temperatures through clothing adjustments and acclimatization, with productivity only declining at extreme temperatures below 19℃ or above 26℃.)
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为说明文,作者立场是客观中立(Objective, evidence-based reassessment)。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 247 词、3 段;在英语六级全部 593 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 233 篇(占 39%)。
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 3 段按说明文骨架分为 3 个意群:第1段——传统观点:22℃是办公室最佳温度;第2段——研究发现:温度舒适区间更宽泛;第3段——心理适应:人可以习惯新温度。
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 文章的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是客观中立(Objective, evidence-based reassessment)。判断路径:抓首段转折句 → 统计hedge词密度 → 辨析解释与评判 → 三层信号综合判断;文中的态度信号词包括 But(第1段)、probably(第2段)、makes sense(第2段)、understandable(第2段)、does not have any adverse impact(第2段)。
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 3 个:soar(急剧上升、飙升)、adverse(不利的、负面的)、tolerate(忍受、容忍),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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