2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3)
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2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3)

说明文 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 232 词、4 段,CEFR 难度 B1(B1 级在英语四级文章中占 22%),作者立场为「积极支持」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语四级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

4 段英文原文

以下为2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 的听力原文,共 4 段。左侧 P1–P4 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

Do you know where a mule comes from? It is the child of a donkey and a horse. Mules have strong muscles like horses, but they eat less, can work longer, and are gentler, like donkeys.

George Washington was the first person in the United States to own mules. He had heard that mules made good farm animals and he contacted the U. S. ambassador in Spain to ask about them. In 1785, King Charles III of Spain sent Washington a male donkey as a gift. That male donkey became the father of the mule industry in the U.S.

Every April, Maury County holds a Mule Day celebration. Held in Columbia, Tennessee, Mule Day had its beginnings as "Breeder's Day" in the 1840s. Farmers and farm animal breeders would bring their animals to market every April to show, buy, and trade. This was an important business before the days of tractors, when many families made a living from farming and mules were used as work animals. Eventually, tractors began to replace mules, making them less in demand.

A parade was added to Mule Day in 1934 to attract more people. Over the years other activities have been added, and today more than 200,000 people show up each year to watch and participate. If you visit during Mule Day celebrations, you might see mule-driving contests, square dances, horse shows or even tree-cutting competitions.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

4 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    Defining the Mule: Origin and Traits

    This paragraph introduces mules by defining them as the offspring of a donkey and a horse and describing their combined physical traits.

    这一段虽然没有直接提到George Washington或者Mule Day,但它给出的definition和characteristics是全文的foundation,如果读者不理解mule是什么、有什么traits,就无法理解为什么它会成为farm animal被引入美国、被celebrate,所以本段是为文章主旨里origin and characteristics部分打底的background paragraph。

    首句设问加定义铺垫
  2. P2

    George Washington and the Birth of the U.S. Mule Industry

    This paragraph explains how George Washington introduced mules to the United States through a diplomatic gift from the King of Spain, which became the origin of the American mule industry.

    这段直接support了文章主旨里traces their introduction to the United States through George Washington这一句,可以说是全文的historical core,把mule从抽象的animal概念transition到了concrete的American history叙事。

    人物事件时间锚点
  3. P3

    From Breeder's Day to Decline: The Early History of Mule Day

    This paragraph traces the history of Mule Day from its 1840s origins as an agricultural trading event to its decline as tractors replaced mules on farms.

    这段回应了文章主旨里describes how Mule Day evolved from a 19th-century agricultural market这一部分,交代了Mule Day最初的practical origin,也为第四段介绍它如何转型成modern celebration提供了必要的对比背景。

    转折词定位分层法
  4. P4

    Mule Day Today: A Modern Celebration

    This paragraph describes how Mule Day evolved into a large modern celebration with a parade and diverse activities, now attracting over 200,000 visitors annually.

    这段直接呼应了文章主旨里into a modern annual celebration in Tennessee attracting over 200,000 visitors这一句,是全文的结尾段,把Mule Day从历史background推进到present-day的盛况,给整篇文章一个完整的closure。

    数字列举支撑法
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

4 道逐段细节自检题

针对2017年6月英语四级真题第2套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 mules over horses

    What advantage do mules have over horses?

    • A They have stronger muscles than horses.
    • B They are gentler than donkeys.
    • C They require less food and can work for longer periods.
    • D They are the offspring of two horses.
    • E They need more food to maintain their muscles.
    • F They can work only as long as horses.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    该项把原文中相互并列的 eat less 与 can work longer 进行同义改写:require less food 对应 eat less,work for longer periods 对应 can work longer。两项都服务于 over horses 的比较任务,信息范围完整且方向一致。障碍在于原文还给出 strong muscles 和 gentler;前者不是对马的更强比较,后者则属于与 donkey 相关的特征,考生必须按比较对象筛选,而不能把所有优点机械拼接。

    比较标签对撞 时间极紧时,不必逐句翻译。直接抓题干中的 over horses,回扫 第1段 内所有带比较色彩的短语,再把选项压缩成“食量、时长、肌肉、性情”四个标签。只有正确项同时保留题干的比较方向,并由两个同向信息支撑;其余选项要么换了对象,要么改了程度。这个“标签对撞”比从头精读更快。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 male donkey Washington

    What was the historical significance of the male donkey sent to Washington?

    • A It made Washington the first mule owner in Spain.
    • B It was used to replace tractors on American farms.
    • C It was sent to Spain as a diplomatic gift.
    • D It became the father of the mule industry in the United States.
    • E It was the first mule owned by King Charles III.
    • F It started the annual Mule Day celebration.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    该项准确重述段末的结论性信息,回答了 historical significance 所要求的历史作用。became the father of 对应原文的核心判断,mule industry in the United States 保留了影响范围。障碍在于前文包含 Washington 的购买经历、Spain 的外交联系和 King Charles III 的赠礼,均是事件过程;本题却要求从过程信息跳到最终影响。

    尾句角色截取 锁定 第2段 时,可跳过中间的外交过程,直接从题干的 historical significance 预判答案多在事件链尾部。扫描 Washington 和 male donkey 后,目光立即落到该段最后一句的身份性判断,再验证正确项是否完整保留“对象 + 历史角色 + 影响范围”。这种“尾句截取”尤其适合人物轶事型说明文。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 less in demand directly caused

    What directly caused mules to become less in demand?

    • A Farmers stopped bringing animals to market every April.
    • B Mules replaced tractors on family farms.
    • C Breeders no longer wanted to show their animals.
    • D The Mule Day parade attracted too few visitors.
    • E Tractors began to replace mules as work animals.
    • F Mules became gentler and worked longer.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    该项完整对应原文的因果链:tractors began to replace mules,随后使其 less in demand。它回答的是直接机制,而不是农业背景或庆典变化。障碍在于 replace 含有明确方向,考生若只记住 tractors 和 mules 同现,很容易将其误读为 mules replacing tractors,或者把 less in demand 这一结果误作原因。

    结果左侧抓因 在 第3段 中,先不读年代和市场背景,直接盯住题干的 less in demand,并从该结果句向左回看一个谓语单位。说明文中“结果句左侧”的替代动词通常就是直接原因。随后只验证正确项中的替代方向是否与原文箭头一致;这比逐句处理整段历史信息更高效。

  4. 第 4 段 定位词 a parade 1934

    Why was a parade added to Mule Day in 1934?

    • A To replace mule-driving contests.
    • B To celebrate the arrival of tractors.
    • C To give farmers a place to buy and trade animals.
    • D To honor George Washington's contribution to mules.
    • E To make the celebration shorter and simpler.
    • F To attract more people to the celebration.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:F

    该项直接对应 a parade was added 后的不定式目的结构 to attract more people。它准确回答 why,且 to the celebration 对参与场景作了不改变原意的补全。障碍在于后文出现 more than 200,000 people 和 watch and participate,这些是如今的规模与表现;考生需区分“当年增设活动的目的”和“多年后形成的结果”。

    年份后抓目的 直接以 1934 钉住 第4段,不必通读该段。找到 added 后,立即截取其后的不定式短语,因为说明文中“措施 + to do”往往就是目的的原句编码。然后排除所有谈 later results、other activities 或 earlier history 的选项,正确项会自然显现。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

4 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 骡子的生物特性介绍

    这个 opening paragraph 通过 definition 的方式引出说明对象 mule,解释了 mules 的 biological origin(驴和马的 offspring),并列举其 key characteristics,包括 strong muscles、eat less、work longer 以及 gentler temperament 等 practical advantages,为后文的 historical development 做好铺垫。

    作为 expository text 的 introduction part,这个 sense group 建立了 foundational knowledge,让读者理解 what mules are 和 why they matter,为后续讲述 George Washington 引入 mules to America 以及 Mule Day celebration 的 historical context 提供必要的 background information。

    说明对象的定义与特征
  2. 骡子传入美国的历史渊源

    这个 sense group 引入 historical dimension,讲述 George Washington 作为 the first American 引入 mules 的 specific story。通过 chronological details(1785 年 King Charles III 的 gift)和 causal explanation(Washington 听说 mules 是 good farm animals),说明了 mules 在 U.S. 的 origin story,并强调那只 male donkey 成为 the father of American mule industry,建立起 historical significance。

    这个 historical account 承接前面的 biological introduction,将 focus 从 general characteristics 转向 specific American context。它为理解 Mule Day celebration 提供了 cultural and historical foundation——说明为何 mules 在 American agriculture 中有 special status,以及为何 Tennessee 会发展出 dedicated festival,是连接 biological facts 和 cultural celebration 的 pivotal link。

    美国骡业的起源人物与事件
  3. 骡子节的起源与演变

    这个 sense group 聚焦 Mule Day 这个 cultural event 的 historical development。从 1840s 的 Breeder's Day origin 讲起,解释了 original purpose(farmers 的 market day for showing and trading animals),说明了 agricultural context(before tractors 时代 mules 作为 work animals 的 importance),并指出 technological change(tractors replacing mules)导致 demand 下降,为下段 festival transformation 埋下伏笔。

    作为说明 Mule Day 的第一部分,这个 sense group 建立了 festival 的 agricultural and economic foundation,解释了 why this celebration exists。它连接了前面的 historical introduction(Washington 引入 mules)和后面的 modern celebration,说明 cultural tradition 如何从 practical necessity(farming market)演变而来,体现了 expository structure 中的 developmental progression。

    节日的农业市场起源
  4. 骡子节的现代发展与活动内容

    这个 concluding sense group 描述 Mule Day 的 modern transformation。从 1934 年 parade 的加入开始,说明 festival 如何通过 adding activities 来 attract more people,发展成 large-scale event(over 200,000 attendees)。最后用 specific examples(mule-driving contests、square dances、horse shows、tree-cutting competitions)展示 diverse activities,让读者了解 contemporary celebration 的 scope and variety。

    作为 expository article 的 conclusion,这个 sense group 完成了 developmental narrative,展示 Mule Day 如何从 agricultural market 演变成 major cultural celebration。它与前段形成 before-and-after contrast(practical market vs. festive event),并用 concrete details 让 abstract transformation 变得 vivid and tangible,呼应文章主旨中 modern annual celebration attracting visitors 的要点,形成完整的 explanatory arc。

    节日的现代规模与活动
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语四级文章。

  1. 首段定义主题对象 P1

    说明文的 opening paragraph 通常会 introduce the main topic 并 establish the scope,首句经常采用 question form 或 definition statement 来 engage readers 并 clarify what will be explained,这个 pattern 直接指向文章的 primary subject matter。

  2. 历史引入与传播脉络 P2

    说明文常采用 chronological structure 来 trace the development or introduction of a concept,当出现 historical figures、specific dates、和 phrases like "the first person" 时,说明文章不仅 explaining what something is,还在 explaining how it came to be or spread,这拓展了 main idea 的 scope。

  3. 现代文化演变呈现 P3 P4

    当说明文在介绍完 object definition 和 historical background 后,继续详细描述 a specific event or practice 及其 changes over time,这表明 main idea 需要涵盖 cultural or social dimension。注意 quantitative details("200,000 people")和 activity descriptions(contests, dances, shows)表明这不是 peripheral information,而是 a key aspect being explained。

  4. 三维结构整合主旨 P1 P2 P3 P4

    说明文的 main idea 必须 capture all major explanatory threads 而非仅 focus on one aspect。通过识别 paragraph-level functions(definition, historical account, contemporary description),能够确保 main idea statement 是 comprehensive 而非 partial 的。如果只提 "explains mules" 就 incomplete;如果提 "traces history and describes celebration" 就 miss the foundational definition。

主旨信号词 comes from P1 the first person P2 had its beginnings P3 Eventually P3 more than 200,000 people P4

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

这篇说明文解释了骡子的起源和特征,追溯了它们通过乔治·华盛顿引入美国的历史,并描述了骡子节如何从19世纪的农业市场发展成为田纳西州现代年度庆典,吸引超过20万游客参加。
This expository article explains the origin and characteristics of mules, traces their introduction to the United States through George Washington, and describes how Mule Day evolved from a 19th-century agricultural market into a modern annual celebration in Tennessee attracting over 200,000 visitors.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

3 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语四级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • mule 骡子(马和驴的杂交后代,用作农场劳动的役畜)

    我们来 connect 这些 clues。首先,definitional clue 告诉我们 mule 是 donkey 和 horse 的 offspring,这就确定了它是一种 animal。然后,characteristic clues 描述它 'strong'、'can work longer',这些 traits 都指向 labor capability。接着,functional clue 明确它是 'farm animals',有 economic purpose。最后,historical comparison 把它和 tractor 对比,说明它在 agricultural history 中是 draft animal,用来 replace human labor in farming tasks。把这些 pieces 放在一起,我们可以 conclude:mule 是一种专门用于 farm work 的 hybrid animal,combining horse 的 strength 和 donkey 的 endurance。

    动物词汇的定义-特征-功能三层推理法
  • breeder 饲养者;养殖户(专门繁育和饲养动物用于销售的人)

    让我们 synthesize 这些 clues。Morphological analysis 告诉我们 breeder 是某种 'doer',某个 perform 'breed' action 的 person。Contextual positioning 把 breeder 和 farmer 放在同一 category,确认这是 agricultural profession。Behavioral evidence 显示 breeder owns animals,brings them to market,engages in show and trade,这些 activities 都指向 animal production。把这些 pieces 组合起来,我们可以 deduce:breeder 是专门 raise and produce animals 的人,他们的 job 是 breed animals,然后 sell or trade them。在这个 specific context 里,是 'farm animal breeder',专注于 livestock。

    施事名词的词缀-类比-行为三维定位法
  • contest 竞赛;比赛(参赛者展示技能的竞争性活动)

    我们来 integrate 这些 threads。首先,parallel structure clue 把 contest 和 competition 直接 link 起来,strongly suggesting 它们是 synonyms 或 near-synonyms。然后,modifier relationship 显示 contest involves specific skills(like mule-driving or tree-cutting),说明这是 test of ability。最后,contextual setting 把它 place 在 festival activities 当中,和 shows、dances 一起,说明这是 organized public event。Synthesizing 这些 insights:contest 是一种 competitive event where participants demonstrate skills,held in public setting for entertainment,本质上就是 competition 的另一种 expression。

    列举结构中的并列-修饰-情境三线推理
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 举例子

    P2

    文章通过 George Washington 这个 concrete example 来说明 mules 在美国的 introduction 和 development。作者选择 the first person 这个角色不仅 illustrate 了骡子进入美国的 historical origin,更通过 a specific figure 让抽象的 mule industry 变得 tangible and memorable。这个 example 为后文 Mule Day celebration 的出现提供了 historical foundation,展示了骡子从 practical work animals 到 cultural symbols 的 transformation。

    信号词 for example for instance such as like take...as an example a case in point

    仿写: 写作时可以问自己:谁是 the first person 或 典型代表?有没有 a landmark event 可以 anchor 这个话题?比如要介绍某种 technology,可以找 its inventor 或 first application。模版:"[人物/事件] was the first [身份] to [行为]. [具体细节描述过程]. That [总结该例子的意义]." 注意 example 要有 specific details(如文中的 1785, King Charles III, Spain)来增强 authenticity。

  • 下定义

    P1

    开篇第一句 "It is the child of a donkey and a horse" 用 simple and direct language 给出了 mule 的 precise definition。这个 biological definition 是整篇文章的 foundation,clarify 了 what a mule is 之后,readers 才能理解后续关于 its characteristics 和 historical significance 的内容。Definition 放在 the very beginning 符合 expository writing 的 logical order,避免 confusion。

    信号词 is means refers to is defined as is called is known as can be described as

    仿写: 写定义时先问:这个东西 belongs to 什么 category?有什么 unique features distinguish 它?可以用 "A is B that..." 或 "A is the result of..." 结构。模版:"[术语] is [上位概念] that/which [区别性特征]." 或 "[术语] is the [关系词] of [组成部分]." 定义要 precise but accessible,avoid overly technical terms unless necessary,让 target readers 能 immediately grasp the core meaning。

  • 作比较

    P1

    第一段通过 comparing mules with horses and donkeys 来 highlight mules' advantages:"strong muscles like horses" 和 "eat less, work longer, gentler, like donkeys"。这种 dual comparison 非常 effective,因为 readers 通常 familiar with horses and donkeys,通过 comparison 可以快速理解 mules' unique value。这也解释了为什么 mules became popular as farm animals,为后文的 historical narrative 提供 rational basis。

    信号词 like unlike compared to in contrast while whereas but however than more...than less...than

    仿写: 写比较时确定 comparison dimensions(比如 strength, cost, efficiency)和 comparison objects(最好是 readers familiar with 的事物)。问自己:比较的 purpose 是什么?突出优势还是展示差异?模版:"Unlike A which [特征1], B [特征2]. While A [动作1], B [动作2], making it [结论]." 或用 "like" 来建立 similarity:"B has [特征] like A, but [补充差异]." 确保 comparison 有 clear conclusion,不只是 list differences。

  • 列数字

    P2 P3 P4

    文章中使用了 multiple specific numbers:"1785"(骡子引入美国的年份),"1840s"(Breeder's Day 起源时期),"1934"(parade 加入的年份),"200,000"(current annual visitors)。这些 precise figures 不仅 establish timeline 和 scale,更增强了 factual credibility。特别是 "200,000 people" 这个数字 dramatically illustrate 了 Mule Day 从 agricultural market 到 major cultural event 的 transformation,让 readers 感受到 its significance and popularity。

    信号词 数字本身 percent approximately over more than less than about around

    仿写: 使用数字时要考虑 what to quantify:time, scale, frequency, percentage, 还是 measurement?选择 meaningful and impressive numbers。模版:"In [year], [event happened]." "Over [time period], [quantity] [increased/decreased] to [number]." "More than [number] [people/items] [action] each year." 注意 number presentation:大数字用 comma separation(200,000),年份用完整形式(1785 而非 '85),让 figures 既 accurate 又 readable。Combine numbers with context 来 show their significance。

  • 作诠释

    P3

    第三段中 "This was an important business before the days of tractors, when many families made a living from farming and mules were used as work animals" 这句 elaborate explanation 诠释了为什么 Mule Day 在当时很 important。接着 "Eventually, tractors began to replace mules, making them less in demand" 进一步 explain 了 historical context 的变化。这些 interpretive statements 帮助 readers understand 不仅是 what happened,更是 why it mattered,将 simple facts 转化为 meaningful historical narrative。

    信号词 because since when as meaning that which means in other words that is making

    仿写: 写诠释时问:Why does this matter? What's the context? 用 explanatory clauses 来 expand the main statement。模版:"This was [评价] because [原因/背景]." "[现象], when [补充说明时代背景/条件]." 或用 "making" 来 show consequence:"[事件], making [结果/影响]." 诠释要 provide context that readers might not know,但 avoid over-explanation。好的 interpretation 让 readers 从 "I know what happened" 进步到 "I understand why it happened and what it means"。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

4 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 骡子优于马匹的综合优势

    P1
    Mules have strong muscles like horses, but they eat less, can work longer, and are gentler, like donkeys.

    转折类 but however yet nevertheless nonetheless while whereas

    这个 implication 是骡子在 practical farming context 中其实比 horse 更有 value。虽然 explicitly 说骡子有马的 strong muscles,but 隐含的 message 是:骡子继承了马的力量,but more importantly,它们在 economy(eat less)、endurance(work longer)和 temperament(gentler)方面都 surpass 马匹。这对 article's thesis 的作用是 establish 为什么骡子会成为 important farm animals,为后文 George Washington introducing mules 和 Mule Day celebration 提供 logical foundation。这个 implication 通过 comparison 让 readers understand 骡子不是简单的 hybrid,而是具有 superior综合性能的 work animal,这 justifies 整篇文章围绕骡子展开的 significance。

  • 骡子产业起源的偶然性与依赖性

    P2
    In 1785, King Charles III of Spain sent Washington a male donkey as a gift. That male donkey became the father of the mule industry in the U.S.

    委婉表达 gift sent provided offered contributed granted bestowed

    这里的 implication 是美国骡子产业的 establishment 并非 inevitable 或 self-developed,而是 contingent on 西班牙国王的 diplomatic gesture。"Gift" 这个词 understate 了这个 transaction 的 significance:它实际上是 transfer of valuable agricultural technology。隐含信息是当时 Spain 拥有 mule breeding 的 monopoly 或 advanced knowledge,Washington 作为 founding father 需要 leverage diplomatic relationship 来 obtain 这种 resource。"Became the father of the industry" 更进一步 imply 这 single donkey 的 genetic lineage 对整个产业至关重要,revealing 早期美国农业对 external resources 的 dependency。对文章主旨的作用是 establish mule 在美国的 historical importance 和它 introduction 的 特殊性,为后文 Mule Day celebration 提供 historical gravitas,说明这不只是 common farm animal 而是有 founding significance 的 agricultural milestone。

  • 骡子市场需求的历史性衰落

    P3
    Eventually, tractors began to replace mules, making them less in demand.

    模糊限制语 less in demand somewhat reduced gradually replaced tend to decline rather limited relatively fewer to some extent

    这句的 implication 是骡子作为 agricultural工具的 era 已经 fundamentally ended,尽管表达很 mild。"Less in demand" 这种 hedged expression 实际传达的是 mules 在 modern mechanized farming 中已经 largely obsolete。结合前文说 "important business" 和 "many families made a living",这个 decline 意味着 entire economic system 和 way of life 的 disappearance。隐含信息是 technological progress(tractors)导致了 traditional agricultural practice 的 end,这是 irreversible 的 transformation。对文章主旨的 significance 是解释为什么需要 Mule Day celebration:既然骡子不再是 practical necessity,celebration 就变成了 preserve historical memory 和 cultural heritage 的 way。这个 implication 为第四段 parade 和 modern celebration 的 evolution 提供 rationale,说明 Mule Day 从 practical market 转变为 cultural festival 是因为 underlying economic reality 已经 shifted。它 justify 了为什么现代的 celebration 需要 add attractions 来 draw crowds,因为 original practical purpose 已经 ceased to exist。

  • 庆典转型为旅游活动的必要性

    P4
    A parade was added to Mule Day in 1934 to attract more people. Over the years other activities have been added, and today more than 200,000 people show up each year

    目的状语 to attract more people to attract in order to draw so as to bring for the purpose of gaining with the aim of increasing designed to appeal

    这里的 implication 是到 1934 年时,Mule Day 作为 agricultural market 已经 losing its appeal 或 economic relevance,organizers 不得不 transform it into entertainment event 来 maintain viability。"To attract more people" 隐含着原来的 format(purely agricultural market)已经无法 sustain attendance,可能因为第三段提到的 tractors replacing mules。"Over the years other activities have been added" 进一步 imply 这是 continuous struggle,需要 keep innovating 来 stay relevant。这个 transformation from practical market to entertainment festival with "mule-driving contests, square dances, horse shows" 说明 event 已经完全 shift from economic necessity to cultural performance。对文章主旨的作用是展示 Mule Day 如何从 working animal market evolve into modern tourist attraction,这个 evolution 反映了 broader agricultural transformation 和 cultural preservation 的 need。隐含信息是如果不 adapt and add entertainment,这个 tradition 可能已经 disappeared。今天的 "200,000 people" 是 successful reinvention 的 proof,但也 confirm 现代 attendees 来的目的不再是 trade mules 而是 experience cultural nostalgia and entertainment,说明骡子已经从 practical tool 变成 cultural symbol。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:积极支持

结论先行:本文作者态度为积极支持( informative and appreciative)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 开篇积极特征描述 P1

    第1段 用 factual description 介绍 mule 的 origins 和 characteristics,使用 positive adjectives 比如 strong、gentler,这种 neutral yet positive 的 presentation 暗示作者对 mules 持 favorable view。

  2. 历史人物正面关联 P2

    第2段 将 George Washington 与 mules 联系起来,并详细描述 King Charles III 的 gift。这种 association with prestigious figures 和对 historical significance 的 emphasis('became the father of the mule industry')显示作者 elevate mules 的 status。

  3. 庆典活动详尽铺陈 P3 P4

    第3段 和 第4段 详细介绍 Mule Day celebration,用 specific details 如 dates、origins ('1840s')、evolution,以及 impressive numbers ('200,000 people')。这种 detailed coverage 配合 engaging descriptions of activities 显示作者 value this tradition。

  4. 正面信息占比主导 P1 P2 P3 P4

    整篇文章从 biological facts 到 historical significance 再到 cultural celebration,形成 progressive elevation of mules' importance。作者 choose to highlight positive contributions 和 enduring cultural impact,而对 'tractors began to replace mules' 这个 potentially negative point 只是 briefly mention without dwelling on decline。

文中的态度信号词

  • strong muscles P1

    这个 positive adjective phrase 直接 describe mules 的 advantageous physical traits。在 expository writing 中,使用 strength-related vocabulary 来 characterize subject 显示 author's appreciation of its capabilities。

    同类词 can work longer gentler made good farm animals important business

  • the first person P2

    这个 phrase 通过 establish historical primacy 来 elevate both George Washington 和 mules 的 significance。在 historical exposition 中,'the first' 这类 pioneering language 显示 author values subject's historical importance。

    同类词 gift became the father of King Charles III industry

  • celebration P3

    这个 positive noun 直接 name 一个 festive event,其 connotation 本身就是 joyful and commemorative。说明文用 'celebration' 而非 neutral terms 如 'event' 或 'gathering',显示 author's positive framing of Mule Day。

    同类词 parade attract show up watch and participate festivals

  • more than 200,000 people P4

    这个 impressive statistic 通过 quantify popularity 来 emphasize Mule Day 的 significance。在说明文中,authors use large numbers 来 support claims of importance 和 demonstrate sustained interest in subject。

    同类词 over the years today might see contests shows

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语四级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文?

  1. 首句定义或提问引出说明对象 P1

    说明文的 typical feature 是开门见山地 present the object of explanation,而议论文会先提出 a viewpoint 或 controversial issue,新闻报道则倾向于用 lead paragraph 概括 who、what、when、where 等 key information。这篇文章的 opening 是 explanatory question 加上 factual description,属于典型的 expository writing style。

  2. 时间顺序或分类展开信息 P2 P3 P4

    说明文常用 structured approaches 来 organize information:按 time、space、category 或 logical relations 展开。议论文的 structure 是 argument-evidence-conclusion 的 logic chain,新闻报道是 inverted pyramid structure(重要信息前置)。这篇文章明显是 chronological-categorical hybrid:先讲 historical origin,再讲 current celebration,这是 expository genre 的 signature move。

  3. 客观陈述事实无评价立场 P1 P2 P3 P4

    说明文的 defining characteristic 是 informative intent with objective tone。议论文会有 strong stance 和 evaluative language like 'should'、'better'、'unfortunately',新闻会强调 recent events 和 social significance。这篇文章的 verbs 都是 descriptive and factual('have'、'eat'、'work'、'was sent'),完全没有 opinion markers,也不关注 breaking news 或 current issues,纯粹是 knowledge transfer。

  4. 主题明确结构清晰语言客观 P1 P2 P3 P4

    通过 three-step checklist 可以 efficiently distinguish 说明文:Opening 是否 introduce a subject?(不是 state an opinion 或 report an event);Structure 是否 organize information?(不是 build arguments 或 follow news structure);Language 是否 factual and objective?(不是 persuasive 或 news-oriented)。这篇文章在 all three dimensions 都符合 expository characteristics,所以 confidently 判断为说明文。

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁?

  • It is the child of a donkey and a horse P1 事物定义解释词(definition markers) is the child of It is refers to is known as is defined as
  • In 1785 P2 时间顺序与历史沿革类标记词(chronological/sequence markers) In the 1840s In 1934 Eventually Over the years today
  • strong muscles like horses, but they eat less, can work longer, and are gentler, like donkeys P1 事物属性功能描述词(attribute/function descriptors) strong muscles eat less work longer gentler good farm animals
  • more than 200,000 people show up each year P4 数据与具体例证词(data/example markers) 200,000 people 1785 1840s 1934 King Charles III
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

2 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 的常见问题

2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的主旨是什么?
2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章说明文解释了骡子的起源和特征,追溯了它们通过乔治·华盛顿引入美国的历史,并描述了骡子节如何从19世纪的农业市场发展成为田纳西州现代年度庆典,吸引超过20万游客参加。(英文表述:This expository article explains the origin and characteristics of mules, traces their introduction to the United States through George Washington, and describes how Mule Day evolved from a 19th-century agricultural market into a modern annual celebration in Tennessee attracting over 200,000 visitors.)
2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为说明文,作者立场是积极支持(informative and appreciative)。CEFR 难度 B1,全文 232 词、4 段;在英语四级全部 511 篇真题文章中,B1 级共 113 篇(占 22%)。
2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 4 段按说明文骨架分为 4 个意群:第1段——骡子的生物特性介绍;第2段——骡子传入美国的历史渊源;第3段——骡子节的起源与演变;第4段——骡子节的现代发展与活动内容。
2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是积极支持(informative and appreciative)。判断路径:开篇积极特征描述 → 历史人物正面关联 → 庆典活动详尽铺陈 → 正面信息占比主导;文中的态度信号词包括 strong muscles(第1段)、the first person(第2段)、celebration(第3段)、more than 200,000 people(第4段)。
2017年6月英语四级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 3 个:mule(骡子(马和驴的杂交后代,用作农场劳动的役畜))、breeder(饲养者;养殖户(专门繁育和饲养动物用于销售的人))、contest(竞赛;比赛(参赛者展示技能的竞争性活动)),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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