2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A
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2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A

新闻报道 · 完形填空(选词填空) · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 文章的精读视角页——这篇新闻报道全文 226 词、3 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在英语四级文章中占 46%),作者立场为「积极支持」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语四级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 的完形填空(选词填空)原文,共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

We all know there exists a great void(空白) in the public educational system when it comes to exposure to STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) courses. One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in quality STEM education at all levels of the public educational system. She said, "I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to enroll my own kids in."

She decided to start an afterschool program where children participated in STEM-based competitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state championships, she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and developing it. The global business EFK was born.

Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to local recreation centers. Today, the EFK program operates over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states, "Our nation is not graduating enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great career."

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    The STEM Education Gap

    Dori Roberts founded EFK after recognizing a lack of quality STEM education in public schools.

    本段承担新闻报道的 opening function:先交代 STEM education 不足这一公共问题,再引出 Dori Roberts 这一关键人物。它为后文 EFK 从 afterschool program 成长为 global business 建立了因果基础,也呼应全文“以EFK应对教育缺口”的文章主旨。

    锁定教育缺口
  2. P2

    From Club to Business

    EFK grew from a successful afterschool club into a global business.

    本段承接第一段的创办动机,回答了 EFK 是如何从一个 idea 变成成功组织的。它通过 membership 和 championships 展示项目的市场认可与实际成效,从而使全文关于 EFK 扩张的叙述更具说服力。

    串联成长链条
  3. P3

    EFK's Global Growth and Mission

    EFK has expanded internationally while promoting engineering as a career for young people.

    本段是全文的结果与升华部分:它用具体数据完成对 EFK 成功扩张的新闻式验证,再以 engineering career 的使命回扣第一段的 STEM education gap。这样,报道不仅呈现一个企业的 growth story,也突出其改善工程教育、培养未来工程人才的社会价值。

    数据指向使命
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2017年12月英语四级真题第3套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 Dori Roberts Engineering For Kids

    Why did Dori Roberts establish Engineering For Kids?

    • A She wanted to turn her eleven years of teaching into a global business.
    • B She aimed to prepare students for state championships.
    • C She found too few quality math, science, and engineering programs for children.
    • D She was asked by public schools to teach engineering courses.
    • E She needed more branches for her children to join.
    • F She believed that engineering was already a popular career choice.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    该项准确概括了原文的 real void、real lack 以及 math, science and engineering programs,并保留了核心因果:教育资源不足促成创办 EFK。选项将 enroll my own kids in 转换为 for children,属于合理概括,不改变信息范围。障碍在于原文同时有 public educational system 和 her own kids 两个表述,考生若机械要求选项与原文完全复现,可能错过这种同义整合。

    双专名前溯因 时间极紧时,不必先完整通读。直接抓题干中的 Dori Roberts 和 Engineering For Kids,在 第1段 中进行双专名定位;找到两者共同出现的信息区域后,只向创办动作附近寻找因果信号。然后采用“反向因果删项法”:凡是把经历、成绩、扩张或宣传口号当作创办原因的选项,立即删除,剩下的正确项即为答案项。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 devote all her time EFK

    What led Roberts to devote all her time to EFK?

    • A Her eleven years of experience as a high school engineering teacher.
    • B The need to open recreation centers across Virginia.
    • C A plan to double EFK's sales to $10 million.
    • D The club's rapid growth, 180 members, and state championship wins.
    • E Her wish to operate in 21 countries.
    • F The belief that the nation was graduating enough engineers.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    该项完整整合了决定前的成功证据:grew quickly、reached 180 members 和 won several state championships。原文中的 when 直接把成员规模和获奖事实与 she decided to devote all her time 联系起来,而 rapid growth 提供了同一发展过程的背景。障碍在于正确项合并了多个细节,考生若只盯住一个数字或一项成绩,容易误选仅覆盖局部事实的选项。

    决定前句截取 最快的方法是抓住 devote all her time 这个几乎唯一的短语,直接定位 第2段。随后只做“决定前信息截取”:沿 causal direction 阅读该动作之前与决定直接相连的内容。判定时不逐个翻译全部选项,而用“三点覆盖法”检查;能完整覆盖 growth、members 和 championships 的正确项即为答案项,只覆盖一点或搬用后文数据的选项直接排除。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 branches sales

    What do the figures about branches and sales suggest about EFK?

    • A EFK had stopped expanding after reaching 144 branches.
    • B EFK's sales fell from $10 million to $5 million in 2015.
    • C EFK operated only in Virginia recreation centers.
    • D EFK had fewer members than it did when it started.
    • E EFK was expanding rapidly in both reach and sales.
    • F EFK had already solved the national shortage of engineers.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    该项是对多组数字的适度归纳。144 branches 覆盖 32 states 和 21 countries 说明 reach 广泛;sales 从 $5 million 增至 $10 million 说明销售额显著增长;25 new branches planned 进一步支持扩张趋势。障碍在于题干使用 suggest,要求考生从具体 figures 上升到概括结论,但正确项没有夸张为市场垄断、盈利最高或教育问题已经解决,推断边界保持在文本内。

    双箭头验趋势 紧张时采用“数字形状法”:先用 branches 与 sales 直接定位 第3段,再扫数字、年份和 $ 符号。无需逐项精译,只在草稿上标记“144/32/21/25”为规模向上、“5->10”为财务向上;随后检查选项的 direction word。与两组箭头同向且不过度推断的正确项,就是答案项。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的新闻报道骨架

按新闻报道 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 问题发现与创立动机

    这个 opening paragraph 介绍了 educator Dori Roberts 发现了 public educational system 中存在的 STEM education 空白问题,她在 teaching high school engineering 的 11 年里 noticed 这个 real void,并且因为无法为自己的 kids 找到 quality programs 而决定 take action 改变这个 system

    作为 news report 的 lead paragraph,这个意群 establishes 了整个 story 的 background 和 motivation,解释了为什么 Dori Roberts 要 found EFK,为后续的 development narrative 提供了 logical foundation 和 emotional context

    交代创始人和创立原因
  2. 初期发展与转折

    这个意群描述了 Dori 从 starting an afterschool program 到 transforming it into a business 的 transition process,club 从最初快速 grew 到 180 members,学生们 won several state championships,这些 achievements 促使她 decided to devote all her time 并最终 birth 了 global business EFK

    这个意群在 news narrative 中扮演了 turning point 的角色,展示了 EFK 从一个 small-scale initiative 到 formalized business 的 critical transition,通过 concrete achievements 比如 membership growth 和 championship wins 来 justify 这个 transformation,为接下来的 large-scale expansion 提供了 credibility 和 momentum

    描述从俱乐部到企业的转变
  3. 规模扩张与成就展示

    这个 concluding section 展示了 EFK 的 impressive expansion,从 Dori's Virginia home 到 local recreation centers 再到目前的 144 branches across 32 states 和 21 countries,financial performance 也很亮眼从 5 million 到 10 million,同时引用了 website statement 来 reinforce 这个 organization 的 ultimate mission 是 inspire kids 并解决 engineer shortage problem

    作为 news report 的 conclusion 和 impact statement,这个意群通过 quantifiable data 比如 branch numbers,geographic coverage 和 revenue figures 来 demonstrate EFK 的 success scale,同时用 mission statement 来 circle back 到最初的 problem,形成了一个 complete narrative loop,强化了这个 story 的 significance 和 ongoing impact

    展现全球扩张成果
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

5 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 5 步按2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语四级文章。

  1. 首段识人识事 P1

    新闻报道遵循 inverted pyramid structure,最关键的 information 放在开头。第一段通常会回答 who 和 what 的问题,这是 identify main idea 的最快路径。在本文中,第1段 立即 introduce 了 Dori Roberts 这个 central figure 和她的 action(decided to do something)。

  2. 关键词重复追踪 P1 P2 P3

    新闻报道为了 emphasize main point,会通过 repetition 来强化 key information。在本文中,'STEM' 和 'EFK(Engineering For Kids)' 在三个段落中都有出现,这种 recurrence 表明它们是文章的 thematic core。

  3. 问题到方案的演进 P1 P2 P3

    新闻报道尤其是 feature stories 常用 problem-solution structure 或 progression pattern 来 organize content。通过识别这个 pattern,可以快速 grasp 文章想要 convey 的 main point。本文从 problem(STEM void)→ action(started EFK)→ growth(expanded globally)的 progression 清晰展现了主旨。

  4. 引语中的核心表达 P1 P3

    新闻报道中的 direct quotations 或 mission statements 通常是 journalist 精心选择的,用来 reinforce main idea。这些 quotes 往往 encapsulate 文章想要 emphasize 的 core value 或 objective。本文中 'I started EFK after noticing...' 和 'Our philosophy is to inspire kids...' 这两处 quotes 直接 state 了 motivation 和 goal,是理解 main idea 的 shortcut。

  5. 四要素整合成主旨 P1 P2 P3

    Main idea 不是单一 element,而是多个 key components 的 integration。通过前面步骤分别 identify 了 protagonist、action、motivation 和 outcome,最后需要将它们 synthesize 成一个 coherent statement。这个 synthesis process 确保你 capture 了文章的 complete message 而不是 partial information。

主旨信号词 void P1 decided P1 expanded P3 inspire P3

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

教育工作者多莉·罗伯茨创办了"儿童工程"(EFK)组织,以解决公立学校优质STEM教育缺失的问题。EFK从一个课后俱乐部起步,已发展成为一个全球性组织,在32个州和21个国家拥有144个分支机构,旨在激励年轻学生追求工程职业。
Educator Dori Roberts founded Engineering For Kids (EFK) to address the lack of quality STEM education in public schools. Starting as an afterschool club, EFK has expanded into a global organization with 144 branches across 32 states and 21 countries, aiming to inspire young students to pursue engineering careers.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

3 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语四级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • enroll 报名参加、注册加入

    我们把三条线索串联起来:首先,从 lack of programs 到 enroll kids in programs 的因果关系,我们知道 enroll 描述的是建立孩子与 program 之间联系的动作。其次,enroll 与后文的 participated 形成语义平行,进一步确认了参与的含义。最后,构词法分析显示 en- 表示使进入状态,roll 关联名单,综合起来就是使某人进入名单、正式参加的意思。三条线索相互印证,形成完整的推理链。

    因果分析+语义平行+构词拆解的三角验证法
  • cultivate 培养、培育

    让我们整合这些线索。首先,cultivating 与 developing 的并列告诉我们这是促进成长的动作。其次,从 club grew quickly 到 cultivating 的时间顺序显示,这是对已有事物的持续培育而非从零开始。最后,词根分析揭示了 cultivate 源自耕种的隐喻,强调精心照料和持续投入。三条线索共同指向一个核心意义:像种庄稼一样精心培育某事物使其茁壮成长。

    并列分析+时序追踪+词源隐喻的组合推理
  • branch 分支机构、分部

    综合三条线索,我们可以构建完整的推理。Expansion trajectory 显示 branches 是扩张过程的结果,geographic distribution 表明它们是分散在各地的实体,planning context 证实它们是可以开设和管理的单位。将这些线索结合商业语境,branches 显然是指一个组织在不同地点设立的 operational units,也就是我们说的分支机构、分店或教学点。

    扩张叙事+地理范围+运营规划的三维分析
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

6 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 背景交代

    P1

    文章开篇通过 'We all know there exists a great void' 这种 collective acknowledgment 的方式,直接点明了 public educational system 在 STEM education 方面存在的 gap。这种 background establishment 为后文 Dori Roberts 的 initiative 提供了 context 和 justification,让读者理解她的 action 是针对一个 widely recognized problem 的 response。

    信号词 We all know It is widely recognized There exists It has become clear Studies show Evidence suggests Experts agree

    仿写: 写作时可以从 common knowledge 或 shared concern 入手。比如用 'It's well understood that...' 或 'There's growing recognition that...' 来 introduce the problem。模版:'We all know/recognize/understand that [problem exists] when it comes to [specific area]. This [gap/challenge/void] has prompted [key figure] to take action.' 这样能让 transition 到主人公的 story 显得 natural and necessary。

  • 引语运用

    P1

    文章在 第1段 中引用了 Dori Roberts 的 direct quote: 'I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of...'。这个 first-person account 直接 conveys her motivation 和 personal observation,增强了 narrative 的 authenticity 和 credibility。通过她自己的 words,读者能感受到这是一个 personal mission driven by real need,而不仅仅是 business opportunity。

    信号词 said explained noted stated commented according to as X put it in X's words

    仿写: 使用 quotes 时要选择能 reveal motivation 或 key insight 的语句。引入方式可以用 'She said,' 'According to X,' 或 'As X explained,' 等。模版:'[Context about person's action/decision]. [Name] said/explained/noted, "[Direct quote revealing motivation or key point]."' 确保 quote 能 add value beyond paraphrasing,最好包含 personal touch 或 specific detail。

  • 数据引用

    P2 P3

    第2段 和 第3段 中大量使用了 concrete numbers:'180 members'、'144 branches in 32 states'、'21 countries'、'$5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015'、'25 new branches planned for 2016'。这些 quantifiable metrics 将 EFK 的 growth trajectory 具象化,用 hard evidence 证明这个 initiative 的 success 和 impact。数据的 progression 展现了从 local club 到 global enterprise 的 dramatic transformation。

    信号词 million states countries branches members doubled from...to over reached

    仿写: 使用 statistics 时要选择 most impressive 或 most relevant 的数据。可以用 comparison(从X到Y)或 enumeration(多个维度的数据)来 enhance impact。模版:'[Organization] has grown from [baseline number] to [current number], with operations spanning [geographic scope]. Revenue/Membership/Reach has [specific metric showing growth].' 确保 numbers 能形成 compelling narrative of progress。

  • 对比手法

    P3

    文章通过 temporal contrast 展现 dramatic transformation:从 Dori 在 Virginia home 的 small operation,到 expanding to local recreation centers,最终成为 spanning 32 states and 21 countries 的 global business。这种 from-humble-beginnings-to-major-success 的 narrative arc 强化了 achievement 的 significance,让读者感受到 exponential growth 的 impact。

    信号词 from...to started...now began...today expanded from...to grew from...to once...now initially...currently

    仿写: 构建 contrast 时要选择 starkly different points for comparison。用 spatial progression(从家到全国到全球)或 temporal progression(从过去到现在)来 structure the contrast。模版:'Starting from [modest beginning], [subject] has expanded to [impressive current state]. What began as [small scale description] now encompasses [large scale description].' 用 concrete details 在两端来 maximize the contrast effect。

  • 客观描述

    P1 P2 P3

    整篇文章采用 third-person objective narrative,用 factual tone 陈述 events:'She noticed'、'She decided'、'The club grew'、'Dori began operating'。这种 neutral reporting style 符合 news article 的 journalistic standards,避免 emotional language 或 subjective judgment,让 facts speak for themselves。这增强了 credibility 并让读者 form their own conclusions。

    信号词 noticed decided started began expanded operates states (verb)

    仿写: 保持 objectivity 要使用 neutral verbs(注意到、决定、开始)而非 emotional ones(热爱、激动、振奋)。陈述 actions and outcomes 而不是 judge them。模版:'[Subject] [action verb] [specific action/decision]. This led to/resulted in [observable outcome]. [Organization/Initiative] now [current state].' 让 impressive facts 和 data 传递 significance,而非 subjective praise。

  • 引语运用

    P3

    第3段 结尾引用 EFK website 的 statement: 'Our nation is not graduating enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age...'。这个 organizational mission statement 直接 articulates the broader purpose beyond business metrics,将 EFK 的 work 与 national need 联系起来。通过 quoting the organization's own words,文章让读者理解这不仅是 commercial venture,更是 educational mission with social impact。

    信号词 states according to the website says as stated in the organization's mission their philosophy is

    仿写: 引用 organizational sources 时要选择 clearly articulate mission 或 explain rationale 的语句。引入可用 'The website states,' 'According to the organization,' 'Their mission reads' 等。模版:'The [source] states/explains, "[Quote articulating purpose or philosophy]."' 这类 quote 最好放在 article 后部,after presenting facts,用来 provide interpretive context 或 broader significance。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

8 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 公立教育系统STEM教育的严重缺失

    P1
    there exists a great void in the public educational system when it comes to exposure to STEM courses

    程度强化词 great void real void real lack significant gap severe shortage critical absence serious deficiency

    通过连续使用 great void 和 real void 这两个 intensified expressions,作者在 establish 一个 critical context:公立教育系统的 STEM education 不只是 insufficient,而是 severely lacking。这个 implication 为 Dori Roberts 的 action 提供了 strong rationale——她不是在做 optional improvement,而是在 fill 一个 urgent gap。对文章 theme 的作用是:将 Dori 的 initiative 从 personal project 升级为 addressing a systemic crisis,让读者理解她创建 EFK 是 responding to a pressing need,从而增强了她的 contribution 的 significance 和 impact。

  • 创始人的双重身份带来的可信度

    P1
    Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void

    经验量化表达 taught... for 11 years for 11 years over a decade 20 years of experience veteran educator seasoned professional extensive background

    将 11 years teaching experience 紧接在 Dori 的 observation 之前,作者在 imply Dori 不是 outsider making assumptions,而是 insider with firsthand knowledge。这个 implication 赋予她对 STEM education void 的 judgment 以 professional weight——她的 notice 基于 extensive exposure to the system,not casual opinion。对主旨的价值在于:establish Dori 作为 both victim and solver 的 dual identity:她既 experienced the problem as educator,又有 credibility to address it。这让 EFK 的创建显得 not impulsive but well-considered,是来自 educational frontlines 的 informed response,从而增强整个 narrative 的 persuasiveness。

  • 从个人困境到社会解决方案的转变

    P1
    a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to enroll my own kids in

    个人化叙事词 my own kids my children personal experience firsthand struggle my family I witnessed I faced

    通过引用 Dori 说的 my own kids,作者在 reveal EFK 的 genesis 不是 top-down planning,而是 bottom-up necessity——Dori 作为 parent 经历了她作为 educator 观察到的 same problem。这个 implication 创造了 powerful narrative:她不是 distant reformer,而是 affected stakeholder who turned personal frustration into public solution。对文章主旨的作用是 dual-layered:一方面 establish Dori's motivation as deeply personal and therefore authentic;另一方面 suggest 如果连 experienced STEM educator 都为 own children struggle to find programs,那么 average parents 面临的 challenge 必定 更加 severe,从而再次 reinforce 问题的 pervasiveness,让 EFK 的 value 和 necessity 更加 undeniable。

  • 从小规模到显著成功的快速质变

    P2
    The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state championships

    速度副词 grew quickly rapidly expanded soon reached swiftly doubled accelerated growth meteoric rise gained momentum fast

    用 grew quickly 连接 180 members 和 state championships,作者在 imply EFK 不是 slowly building audience,而是 immediately resonated with students and parents。这个 implication 传递 dual validation:数量上的 quick growth 证明 market demand,质量上的 championship wins 证明 program effectiveness。对主旨的作用是 pivot point:它 mark EFK 从 Dori's personal project 转变为 proven model。快速增长的 implication 是 Dori identified not just a problem,而且 found a scalable solution,这为第三段的 global expansion 提供了 logical foundation——不是 aggressive overreach,而是 responding to demonstrated success and demand。

  • 从业余项目到全职事业的重大决策

    P2
    she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and developing it

    决策动词+全量表达 decided to devote all her time devote all her time commit entirely dedicate fully focus exclusively invest completely put everything into

    通过 decided to devote all her time 这个 phrase,作者在 imply Dori 做了 significant personal sacrifice——she left her 11-year teaching career 的 stability 来 pursue 这个 uncertain venture。这个 implication 包含 unstated risk:放弃 tenured position、steady income、professional security。对主旨的价值是 elevate Dori 从 concerned educator 到 committed entrepreneur:她不只是 noticed a problem 和 started a club,而是 bet her career on the solution。这个 turning point 让第三段的 massive expansion 显得 not accidental,而是 result of total dedication,同时也 imply 如果没有这个 all-in commitment,EFK 不可能 achieve 后续的 global scale。

  • 从本地实验到全球规模的巨大飞跃

    P3
    Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to local recreation centers. Today, the EFK program operates over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries.

    时间对比词 Today Now Currently At present These days As of now In contrast

    用 Today 开启 sentence 并对比 Virginia home、local recreation centers 到 144 branches in 32 states and 21 countries,作者在 create 一个 staggering contrast——从 literally homegrown operation 到 multinational presence。这个 implication 不需要明说 successful 或 impressive,因为数字本身 speak volumes:从 one home 到 21 countries 的 leap 是 exponential,not incremental。对主旨的作用是 provide concrete validation of EFK's impact:它证明 Dori 不只是 solved her own kids' problem,而且 addressed a global need。这个 geographic and numerical expansion 也 reinforce 文章开头关于 STEM void 的 implication——如果 demand 只是 local issue,不会有这种 international scale 的 adoption。

  • 持续快速增长的商业势头

    P3
    Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015, with 25 new branches planned for 2016

    倍增类数据词 doubled tripled increased by 100% grew twofold multiplied surged skyrocketed

    通过 sales doubled in one year 加上 25 new branches planned,作者在 imply EFK 不只是 reached stable operation,而且 entered rapid scaling phase with strong financial health and expansion capacity。这个 implication 包含多层信息:doubled revenue 证明 business model viability,planned expansion 显示 confidence in continued growth,combined they suggest EFK has moved beyond startup uncertainty 到 established entity with momentum。对主旨的作用是 provide final evidence of systemic impact:从 addressing Dori's personal concern 到 creating sustainable, growing organization that 实际在 filling the STEM void at scale。这也 complete the narrative arc——从 problem identification 到 solution implementation 再到 scalable impact。

  • 使命驱动而非利润导向的企业定位

    P3
    Our nation is not graduating enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great career.

    使命陈述式表达 Our philosophy is to inspire our philosophy is to inspire our mission is to we aim to empower our goal is to transform committed to fostering dedicated to cultivating

    在提到 Our nation is not graduating enough engineers 后立即引用 Our philosophy is to inspire,作者在 imply EFK 不是 capitalizing on market gap for profit,而是 responding to national workforce crisis with educational mission。使用 inspire 而不是 teach 或 train,传递的 implication 是 EFK 追求 deeper transformation——not just skill transfer 而是 mindset shift and career aspiration cultivation。对主旨的最终作用是 complete EFK's positioning:从 Dori's personal frustration 到 proven business model 再到 national-scale mission,整个 narrative 呈现她创建的不是 tutoring business,而是 movement addressing systemic educational gap with both commercial viability and social purpose,让文章的 inspirational tone 和 success metrics 同时 justified。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:积极支持

结论先行:本文作者态度为积极支持( Supportive and Admiring)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 识别主人公形象塑造 P1 P2 P3

    这个步骤能帮助我们 identify 作者的 basic stance,因为 news reports 如果对某个人物持 supportive attitude,会用 factual descriptions 来 showcase their accomplishments。本文中作者用大量篇幅 present Dori Roberts 的 achievements,这是 positive portrayal 的明确信号 clear signal。

  2. 数据导向的成就呈现 P2 P3

    这个步骤有效是因为 objective data 的使用反映了作者的 intention to validate。当作者 deliberately includes specific figures 比如 membership numbers、growth rates 和 expansion scale,说明他们想 demonstrate success 而不仅仅是 neutrally report。这种 data-driven approach 在新闻报道中是 endorsement 的体现。

  3. 问题解决型叙事结构 P1 P2 P3

    这个步骤能判断 attitude 是因为 narrative structure 本身就承载 evaluative meaning。当作者 organize content 成'void in education → individual takes initiative → successful expansion'这样的 trajectory,实际上在 celebrating the journey。新闻报道中这种 hero's journey framework 是 admiration 的 structural manifestation。

  4. 多维度态度交叉验证 P1 P2 P3

    这个 comprehensive approach 之所以 effective,是因为它 cross-validates attitude 通过 multiple channels。单一 signal 可能 misleading,但当 content focus、data selection 和 story framing 都 consistently present positive view,就形成 robust evidence of author's stance。在考试阅读中,这种 triangulation method 能快速准确地 identify attitude。

文中的态度信号词

  • decided to do something to change P1

    这个 signal word 体现了作者对 protagonist's agency 的 emphasis。用'decided to do something'而不是'noticed the problem'作为 focal point,说明作者想 highlight Dori 的 proactive nature。在新闻报道中,这种 action-oriented language 是 admiration 的 linguistic marker,因为它 frames the subject as 一个 change-maker 而非 passive observer。

    同类词 took action to address stepped up to solve committed to improving took initiative to transform made efforts to rectify

  • grew quickly P2

    这个 phrase 是 positive evaluation 的 direct indicator。'Quickly'作为 modifier 强调了 success 的 impressive pace,这不是 neutral reporting 而是 highlighting achievement。在 news reports 中,作者选择 emphasize speed 说明他们想 convey that the success 是 remarkable,这是 admiration 的体现。如果态度是 neutral,作者会说'the club grew to 180 members'而不 add 'quickly'。

    同类词 expanded rapidly flourished thrived gained momentum accelerated growth

  • won several state championships P2

    这是 concrete achievement indicator,作者 deliberately mentions this success 来 build credibility for Dori's program。在新闻写作中,选择 include specific victories 而非 general statements 说明作者想 substantiate the positive narrative。这个 signal 支持 supportive attitude 因为它 provides evidence that the program 不仅 exists 而且 excels,作者通过 showcasing tangible results 来 validate their positive portrayal。

    同类词 won championships achieved victories earned recognition received awards secured top rankings

  • devote all her time to cultivating and developing P2

    这个 phrase 是 dedication indicator,作者用'all her time'和'cultivating and developing'这样的 intensive language 来 portray Dori's commitment。在新闻报道中,这种 emphasis on personal sacrifice 和 dedication 是 admiration 的 clear sign。作者 could have simply said 'she expanded it',但选择 highlight the depth of commitment,这 reveals positive attitude 因为它 frames the subject as 具有 admirable qualities。

    同类词 devote all time to dedicate oneself to commit fully to pour energy into invest completely in

  • Sales have doubled P3

    这是 dramatic growth indicator,用'doubled'而不是'increased'传达 impressive magnitude。在新闻写作中,选择 dramatic verbs 来 describe growth 是 positive evaluation 的 signal。这个词 supports supportive attitude 因为它 emphasizes the extraordinary nature of success,作者通过 selecting powerful growth vocabulary 来 make readers appreciate the achievement's significance。

    同类词 doubled tripled surged soared multiplied

  • inspire kids P3

    这个词直接引用 EFK philosophy 体现 noble mission。作者 ending the article with this inspirational language 是 deliberate framing choice。在新闻报道中,用 mission statement 作为 conclusion 说明作者 endorses that mission。这 supports positive attitude 因为'inspire'是 highly positive verb,作者 giving it prominence position 表明他们 align with and admire this educational philosophy。

    同类词 inspire motivate encourage empower spark interest

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇新闻报道

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语四级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇新闻报道?

  1. 首段锁定具体人物行动 P1

    这篇文章的 first sentence 就提到了 'One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something',这是典型的 news style——直接引出 protagonist 和她的 specific action。如果是 argumentative essay,开头会是 general claim 或 debatable statement;如果是 expository writing,会从 definition 或 background information 入手。

  2. 时间线索串联事件 P2 P3

    第二段用 'She decided to start' 开始,第三段用 'Dori began operating' 和 'Today' 来标记 timeline,这是典型的 news narrative structure——从 initial action 到 development 再到 current status。议论文会用 logical connectors(因果、转折)而非 time markers,说明文会用 categorical organization 而非 chronological flow。

  3. 量化数据密集呈现 P2 P3

    文章中出现 '180 members'、'several state championships'、'144 branches in 32 states'、'$5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015'、'25 new branches planned for 2016',这些都是 verifiable facts 和 measurable outcomes。议论文会用 logical arguments 和 examples 来 support claims,说明文会用 definitions 和 classifications 来 clarify concepts。

  4. 人物事件数据三维验证 P1 P2 P3

    这篇文章完美符合 news report formula:Dori Roberts(specific person)+ started EFK and expanded it(concrete actions)+ from teaching to afterschool to global business(chronological development)+ membership numbers and revenue growth(factual data)。没有 thesis statement 要 argue,也没有 concept 要 explain,只是在 report 一个 real-world story。

哪些词暴露了新闻报道体裁?

  • Dori Roberts P1 具名新闻人物 One educator named... She said Dori taught She noticed She decided
  • 11 years P1 具体时间数据 180 members 144 branches 32 states 21 countries $5 million in 2014
  • She decided to start P2 叙事动作链 decided to do something decided to start participated in grew quickly reached 180 members
  • Today P3 时态转换标记 in 2014 in 2015 planned for 2016 after noticing when it reached
  • The EFK website states P3 信息来源标注 She said She noticed One educator named
  • Virginia P3 地理定位词 32 states United States 21 countries local recreation centers
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

3 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 的常见问题

2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 文章的主旨是什么?
教育工作者多莉·罗伯茨创办了"儿童工程"(EFK)组织,以解决公立学校优质STEM教育缺失的问题。EFK从一个课后俱乐部起步,已发展成为一个全球性组织,在32个州和21个国家拥有144个分支机构,旨在激励年轻学生追求工程职业。(英文表述:Educator Dori Roberts founded Engineering For Kids (EFK) to address the lack of quality STEM education in public schools. Starting as an afterschool club, EFK has expanded into a global organization with 144 branches across 32 states and 21 countries, aiming to inspire young students to pursue engineering careers.)
2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为新闻报道,作者立场是积极支持(Supportive and Admiring)。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 226 词、3 段;在英语四级全部 511 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 234 篇(占 46%)。
2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 3 段按新闻报道骨架分为 3 个意群:第1段——问题发现与创立动机;第2段——初期发展与转折;第3段——规模扩张与成就展示。
2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 文章的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是积极支持(Supportive and Admiring)。判断路径:识别主人公形象塑造 → 数据导向的成就呈现 → 问题解决型叙事结构 → 多维度态度交叉验证;文中的态度信号词包括 decided to do something to change(第1段)、grew quickly(第2段)、won several state championships(第2段)、devote all her time to cultivating and developing(第2段)、Sales have doubled(第3段)、inspire kids(第3段)。
2017年12月英语四级真题第3套 Part III Section A 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 3 个:enroll(报名参加、注册加入)、cultivate(培养、培育)、branch(分支机构、分部),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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