2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A This trait could be key to a lasting romance
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This trait could be key to a lasting romance

《这个特质可能是一段长久恋情的关键》 —— 2021年12月英语四级真题第1套文章逐层精读

本文选自 2019年2月14日刊登在 theconversation.com(对话网站)上的一篇标题为“This trait could be key to a lasting romance”(《这个特质可能是一段长久恋情的关键》)的文章。

本页是 2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章的精读视角页——这篇议论文全文 237 词、3 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在英语四级文章中占 46%),作者立场为「积极支持」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语四级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 的完形填空(选词填空)原文,共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

This trait could be key to a lasting romance

Many people believe that passion and commitment are the foundations of strong romantic relationships. But a relationship is made of two unique individuals. And the personality traits(特性) these individuals possess or lack can often make a relationship more or less likely to endure. Recent research has found that one trait in particular—humility(谦逊)—is an important indicator of successful relationships.

Humility can sometimes be confused with a lack of confidence. But researchers have come to realize that being humble generally indicates the presence of deeply admirable personal qualities. Being humble means you have the ability to accurately assess your deficiencies without denying your skills and strengths. For example, you might recognize that you are intelligent, but realize that you are not a genius. Thus, humility leads to an honest view of one's own advantages and shortcomings. Humble people do not ignore, avoid, or try to deny their limits or deficiencies. They can acknowledge mistakes, see value in things that are far from perfect and identify areas for improvement.

Perhaps it is not surprising, then, that humility appears to be a huge asset to relationships. One study found that people tend to rate this quality highly in their spouse. The study also found that someone who is humble is more likely to initiate a romantic relationship, perhaps because they are less likely to see themselves as "too good" for someone else. Thus, a humble partner might be your ideal partner.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    Humility: The Overlooked Foundation of Romantic Success

    Humility is identified by recent research as a crucial personality trait for successful romantic relationships, despite traditional beliefs focusing on passion and commitment.

    这个 opening paragraph 在整篇 argumentative essay 中承担了 foundation-laying 的功能。它通过 challenging conventional wisdom 来 create interest,同时 introduce 全文的 central thesis。这种 hook-and-thesis 的组合让读者既感到 intrigued 又清楚了解 author's position。段落为后续的 definition 和 evidence 铺设了 logical pathway,让整个 argument 有了 clear starting point 和 direction。

    识别首段的背景-转折-论点三段式
  2. P2

    Defining Humility: Honest Self-Awareness, Not Weakness

    Humility is defined as the ability to accurately assess both one's strengths and deficiencies, representing honest self-awareness rather than low confidence.

    这个 definitional paragraph 对全文 argument 的价值在于 establishing common ground。在 argumentative essay 中,确保 key terms 有 clear definition 是 essential,否则后续的 claims 会 lack foundation。通过详细定义 humility,这个段落让读者和作者站在 same page,为第三段讨论 humility 对 relationships 的 benefits 做好了 conceptual preparation。它把 humility 从一个 potentially ambiguous virtue 变成了一个 well-defined psychological trait,增强了整个 argument 的 precision 和 persuasiveness。

    追踪从误解澄清到定义确立的展开
  3. P3

    Humility's Proven Benefits in Romantic Partnerships

    Research demonstrates that humility is highly valued in romantic partners and facilitates relationship initiation, making humble individuals ideal partners.

    作为 concluding paragraph,这个段落完成了 argumentative essay 的 closure function。它通过 empirical evidence 把第一段提出的 thesis 和第二段建立的 definition 转化为 actionable insight。Perhaps 开头营造的 logical inevitability 让整个 argument 显得 well-reasoned,而 ideal partner 的结论则给读者一个 clear takeaway。这个段落不只是 restate thesis,而是通过 specific evidence 和 causal explanation 让 thesis 显得 compelling and credible,完成了 persuasive writing 的 ultimate goal。

    整合研究证据到因果推论的链条
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2021年12月英语四级真题第1套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 recent research important indicator

    According to recent research, which trait is an important indicator of successful romantic relationships?

    • A Passion.
    • B Commitment.
    • C Humility.
    • D Individual uniqueness.
    • E Emotional dependence.
    • F Social popularity.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    正确项准确承接了 recent research 后面的研究发现:文中把这一 trait 明确界定为 successful relationships 的 important indicator。它没有把作者先提到的 passion and commitment 当成研究结论,也没有扩大为所有 positive personality traits。设置上的障碍在于,文章开头先给出读者熟悉的 passion 和 commitment,容易诱使考生凭常识或首句抢答;但真正的答案必须服从 research conclusion。

    截取研究结论 时间极紧时,不必从头细读。直接在题干中抓 recent research 这一高辨识度短语,回扫至 第1段 末句;随后采用“谓语宾语截取法”:只读取 found 后面的信息,暂时屏蔽前面关于 passion、commitment 的背景。最后看正确项是否完整填入 trait—indicator—successful relationships 这一关系式;能完整闭合关系式的正确项即为答案项。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 being humble deficiencies

    What does being humble enable a person to do?

    • A Deny one's skills in order to remain modest.
    • B Avoid situations that reveal personal limits.
    • C Regard oneself as a genius whenever one is intelligent.
    • D Accurately assess personal deficiencies while recognizing one's strengths.
    • E Focus exclusively on personal weaknesses.
    • F Ignore imperfect things to protect one's confidence.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    正确项完整对应定义的双重边界:一方面 accurately assess deficiencies,另一方面不否认 skills and strengths。它保留了 while 所体现的平衡关系,因此没有把 humility 曲解成自我贬低。障碍设置在于,文中后面还有 acknowledge mistakes、identify areas for improvement 等相关表现;这些都可能看似正确,但只有本项最直接、最完整地复现了核心定义。

    双端平衡尺 紧张时可直接在题干圈出 being humble,并结合选项中的 deficiencies 跳读至 第2段 的概念定义区。然后使用“并列缺口法”:观察正确项是否同时覆盖两个相互制约的信息点。只抓到其中一端的选项,或将其推至绝对化的选项,通常不能作为正确项;能保留双端平衡的正确项即为答案项。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 initiate a romantic relationship too good

    Why are humble people more likely to initiate a romantic relationship?

    • A They are usually rated highly by their spouse.
    • B They never notice their own deficiencies.
    • C They believe romantic partners should be perfect.
    • D They have stronger passion and commitment than others.
    • E They are less likely to think they are too good for someone else.
    • F They can easily identify every area for improvement.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    正确项对应 research finding 后的 perhaps because 所给解释:谦逊者较少以“自己太优秀、别人配不上自己”为由排斥潜在对象。它准确回答了 Why,并保留 less likely 的比较程度,没有夸大成“绝不会自视过高”。障碍在于,文中还提到人们重视配偶身上的这一品质,这说明 humility 受重视,却不是解释主动发起关系的直接 mechanism。

    锁动词找因为 最快路径是抓取题干中不可替代的动作短语 initiate a romantic relationship,直达 第3段;不要逐句阅读该段。随后执行“because 后置扫描”:从该动作所在句向后只寻找原因提示词 because,并把其后的心理判断与各选项进行因果替换测试。能自然补入“之所以主动开启关系,是因为……”这一句式的正确项,即为答案项。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的议论文骨架

按议论文 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 引言 P1

    提出论点:谦逊是成功关系的关键特质

    这个 introduction 先从 common belief 引入,指出 passion 和 commitment 是 romantic relationships 的基础,但随即通过 but 转折强调 personality traits 的重要性,最后用 recent research 引出核心 argument:humility 是 successful relationships 的 important indicator

    这个 opening paragraph 采用了典型的 argumentative structure,通过 contrast 从广泛认知过渡到具体 thesis statement,establish 了整篇文章要 argue 的 central claim,为后续的 supporting arguments 搭建了 framework

    直接提出论点
  2. 分论点 P2

    阐释谦逊的真正含义及其价值

    这个 supporting paragraph 首先 clarify 了 humility 和 lack of confidence 的区别,避免 misunderstanding,然后通过 researchers' realization 引出 humility 的 positive qualities,用 concrete definition 说明 humble people 能够 accurately assess deficiencies 同时不 deny strengths,最后通过 thus 总结 humility 导致 honest view 和多种 positive behaviors

    这个 paragraph 作为 first body paragraph,execute 了关键的 definitional work,通过 clarification 和 explanation 让 readers 准确理解 what humility really means,这是 necessary groundwork,因为只有读者 grasp 了 humility 的 true nature 和 positive attributes,才能 accept 后续关于它对 relationships 有益的 argument

    定义核心概念
  3. 分论点 P3

    论证谦逊对恋爱关系的实际益处

    这个 supporting paragraph 通过 perhaps it is not surprising 建立 logical connection,然后 cite research findings 作为 evidence:一项 study 发现人们 highly rate humility in spouses,另一 finding 显示 humble people 更 likely to initiate relationships 因为不会觉得自己 too good for others,最后用 thus 得出 practical conclusion:a humble partner might be ideal

    这个 final body paragraph 是整个 argument 的 evidential climax,通过 cite concrete research findings 将前面的 conceptual discussion 转化为 empirical support,用 one study found 的 specific data 和 behavioral patterns 来 validate the thesis,让 claim 从 theoretical assertion 变成 evidence-based conclusion

    提供研究证据
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语四级文章。

  1. 首句识别话题与立场转折 P1

    议论文的 first sentence 往往会 introduce the general topic 并暗示 author's stance,这里的 'Many people believe' 引出 common view,然后用 'But' 进行 contrast,预示着 author 会提出 different perspective

  2. 首段末尾的聚焦性论点 P1

    这篇文章在 第1段 最后明确指出 'one trait in particular—humility—is an important indicator',这种 pinpointing specific element 的表达通常就是 argumentative essay 的 central claim

  3. 主体段落的论证一致性 P2 P3

    第2段 详细解释 what humility means 并强调其 positive qualities,第3段 则提供 research evidence 说明 humility's benefits in relationships,两段都在 support 首段的 central claim about humility

  4. 论点-解释-支撑的完整闭环 P1 P2 P3

    这篇文章的完整逻辑是:argues humility is crucial(thesis in 第1段)+ because humble people have honest self-assessment(explanation in 第2段)+ and this makes them better partners(evidence in 第3段),形成 complete argumentative chain

主旨信号词 important indicator P1 one trait in particular P1 deeply admirable P2 huge asset P3 ideal partner P3

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

这篇议论文主张谦逊是成功恋爱关系的关键特质。文章论证了谦逊的人能够诚实地评估自己的优势和不足,因此是更好的伴侣,因为他们更容易建立关系并受到配偶的高度重视。
This argumentative essay contends that humility is a crucial trait for successful romantic relationships. It argues that humble individuals, who can honestly assess their strengths and weaknesses, are better partners because they initiate relationships more readily and are highly valued by spouses.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

6 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语四级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • trait 特征;特性;品质

    综合这三条 clues,我们可以建立这样的 reasoning chain:首先,通过 appositive structure 我们知道 humility 是 trait 的一个例子;其次,personality 这个 modifier 告诉我们 trait 与性格相关;最后,quality 这个 synonym 进一步确认了 trait 指的是某种品质特征。将这些 pieces of evidence 串联起来,trait 应该指的是一个人所具有的某种性格特征或品质。

    举例-定界-验证三步法
  • endure 持续;维持;持久

    让我们把这些 clues 串联起来:第一条线索告诉我们 endure 是 relationship 的一种 possible state;第二条线索从 article theme 入手,确认这是一个 positive quality;第三条线索通过 foundation metaphor 揭示了 endure 与 long-lasting 的关联。综合这三个 perspectives,endure 应该指的是关系能够持续、维持下去的意思。

    语境三角定位法
  • possess 拥有;具有

    两条线索相互印证:第一条通过 antonym contrast 确定了 possess 与 lack 相反,意思应该是拥有;第二条通过 syntactic pattern 确认了 possess 表示 subject 对 object 的拥有关系。两个 angles 都指向同一个 conclusion,使我们的推断更加可靠。

    对比与结构双重验证
  • acknowledge 承认;认可

    让我们整合这三条线索:第一条通过 negative behaviors (ignore, deny) 的 opposite 来界定 acknowledge 的 positive nature;第二条通过 parallel structures 确认 acknowledge 属于 recognition category;第三条通过 object (mistakes) 和 semantic field 进一步明确这是对负面事物的诚实承认。三条线索共同指向一个清晰的 conclusion。

    反义-类别-搭配三维定位
  • asset 宝贵的东西;优势;有利条件

    整合三条线索:第一条从 emotional tone 和 intensifier 确认 asset 是 strongly positive;第二条从 concrete effects 推导出 asset 意味着某种 valuable thing;第三条从 grammatical function 明确 asset 是对 relationships 有益的因素。综合来看,asset 应该指有价值的东西、优势或财富。

    情感-结果-对象价值三角
  • initiate 开始;发起;创始

    两条线索相互支持:第一条从 causal reasoning 揭示 initiate 是一个 proactive, taking-the-first-step action;第二条从 common understanding of relationships 确认 initiate 意味着开始、发起一段关系。两个 angles 都指向 initiate 表示主动开始某事的含义。

    逻辑与常识结合推理
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 对比论证

    P2

    文章在 第2段 里将 humility 和 lack of confidence 进行了 contrast,明确指出 being humble 不等于缺乏自信,而是 indicates the presence of deeply admirable personal qualities。这种 distinction 帮助读者消除对谦逊的 misconception,为后续论证 humility 在 relationships 中的 positive role 扫清了障碍。通过这个 contrast,作者强化了 humility 作为 desirable trait 的地位,使得主旨论证更加 convincing。

    信号词 but however whereas while in contrast on the other hand unlike conversely yet nevertheless

    仿写: 当你需要 clarify 一个容易被 misunderstood 的概念时,可以采用 contrast structure。首先提出 common misconception("Many people think X means Y"),然后用 "but" 或 "however" 进行转折,接着 present the accurate understanding("In fact, X indicates Z")。模版:"[Concept] can sometimes be confused with [Misconception]. But [accurate interpretation] generally indicates [positive qualities]. Being [concept] means [specific characteristics], not [what it doesn't mean]."

  • 举例论证

    P2

    在 第2段 中,作者用 "For example, you might recognize that you are intelligent, but realize that you are not a genius" 这个 concrete example 来 illustrate 什么是 humility 的 honest self-assessment。这个 specific instance 让 abstract concept 变得 tangible and relatable,帮助读者 understand humility 如何在 real-life scenario 中 manifest。这个例子直接 support 了文章主旨,因为它 demonstrates 了 humble people 如何 accurately assess 自己,而这种 quality 正是 successful relationships 的 foundation。

    信号词 for example for instance such as to illustrate specifically in particular namely take...as an example consider like

    仿写: 当你 introduce 了一个 abstract concept 之后,立即 follow up with a concrete example 来 illustrate。使用 "For example"、"For instance" 这类 signal phrases 来 introduce your example。Example 应该是 specific and relatable,让读者能够 immediately understand 这个概念在 real context 中如何 work。模版:"[Abstract concept definition]. For example, [specific scenario that demonstrates this concept]. This shows that [connection back to the main point]."

  • 因果论证

    P3

    在 第3段 中,作者 establish 了一个 causal relationship:"someone who is humble is more likely to initiate a romantic relationship, perhaps because they are less likely to see themselves as 'too good' for someone else"。这里明确指出 humility 作为 cause,会 lead to 更容易 initiate relationships 这个 effect,而 underlying reason 是 humble people 不会 consider themselves superior。这个 cause-effect chain 直接 support 了文章主旨,proving 为什么 humility 是 successful relationships 的 important indicator。

    信号词 because since as due to owing to thanks to leads to results in causes thus therefore consequently as a result so

    仿写: 当你想 explain 为什么某个 trait 或 behavior 会产生特定 outcome 时,使用 causal structure。首先 state the effect 或 observation,然后用 "because"、"since"、"as" 这类 connectives 来 introduce the cause。可以进一步 explain the mechanism 来 strengthen 这个 causal link。模版:"[Effect/Observation] because/since [Cause]. This is due to the fact that [underlying mechanism]. Thus/Therefore, [conclusion that reinforces the causal relationship]."

  • 引用论证

    P3

    在 第3段 中,作者两次 cite research findings:"One study found that people tend to rate this quality highly in their spouse" 和 "The study also found that someone who is humble is more likely to initiate a romantic relationship"。通过 reference to empirical research,作者为自己的 argument 提供了 authoritative support 和 scientific evidence。这种 research-backed claims 让关于 humility 对 relationships 的 positive impact 的论述更加 credible and persuasive,直接 strengthen 了文章的 main thesis。

    信号词 studies show research indicates according to evidence suggests scholars argue experts claim findings reveal data demonstrates surveys indicate researchers found

    仿写: 当你的 argument 需要 empirical support 时,introduce research findings 或 expert opinions。使用 "Research shows"、"Studies indicate"、"According to experts" 这类 phrases 来 present evidence。可以 cite multiple findings 来 build a stronger case。记住要 connect 这些 citations back to your main point。模版:"[Research citation marker] found/showed that [specific finding]. [Another study marker] also [additional supporting evidence]. This demonstrates that [connection to your main argument]."

  • 排比修辞

    P2

    在 第2段 结尾,作者使用了 parallel structure:"They can acknowledge mistakes, see value in things that are far from perfect and identify areas for improvement"。这三个 parallel verb phrases("acknowledge mistakes"、"see value"、"identify areas")使用了相同的 grammatical pattern,创造出 rhythmic flow 和 emphasis。这个 parallelism 不仅让句子更加 memorable,还通过 listing multiple capabilities 来 comprehensively demonstrate humble people 的 characteristics,从而 reinforce 了 humility 作为 valuable trait 的主旨论点。

    信号词 and or not only...but also both...and neither...nor either...or as well as

    仿写: 当你需要 list multiple related characteristics、actions 或 qualities 时,使用 parallel structure。确保每个 item 使用相同的 grammatical form(都是动词短语、都是名词短语、或都是从句)。通常三个 parallel elements 最有 rhetorical impact。可以用 commas 连接,最后一个前用 "and"。模版:"They can [verb phrase 1], [verb phrase 2], and [verb phrase 3]. / [Noun phrase 1], [noun phrase 2], and [noun phrase 3] are essential for [goal]."

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

4 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 谦逊常被误解但实则体现优秀品质

    P2
    Humility can sometimes be confused with a lack of confidence. But researchers have come to realize that being humble generally indicates the presence of deeply admirable personal qualities.

    让步转折类 sometimes be confused with may seem like appear to be might be mistaken for often misunderstood as commonly perceived as can be misconstrued as

    表面上作者在 define humility,但 implication 是:谦逊经常被 underestimated 或 misunderstood,它实际上是个 highly valuable trait。这个 implication 对 main thesis 的 contribution 在于:为后文 "humility is important for relationships" 这个 central argument 奠定 foundation。如果读者认为 humility equals weakness,就不会 accept 作者的 conclusion。通过 clarify 这个 misconception,作者 pave the way for 说服读者接受谦逊在 relationships 中的 crucial role。

  • 谦逊者不回避自身缺陷的积极意义

    P2
    Humble people do not ignore, avoid, or try to deny their limits or deficiencies. They can acknowledge mistakes, see value in things that are far from perfect and identify areas for improvement.

    否定排比强化类 do not ignore, avoid, or try to deny do not ignore, avoid, or deny never hesitate to refuse to will not tolerate do not shy away from are not afraid to

    这个 sentence 的 surface meaning 是描述 humble people 的 behavior,但 deeper implication 是:大多数人会 ignore, avoid, or deny 自己的 deficiencies,而 humble people 的 opposite behavior 使他们 stand out。这对 thesis 的 value 在于:建立 humility 作为 rare and precious quality 的 image。既然多数人 lack 这种 honest self-assessment 的 ability,那些 possess it 的人自然成为 ideal partners。这个 implication 直接 support 了 第3段 中 "humble partner might be your ideal partner" 的 conclusion,形成 tight logical chain。

  • 谦逊者不自视过高因而更易建立关系

    P3
    someone who is humble is more likely to initiate a romantic relationship, perhaps because they are less likely to see themselves as "too good" for someone else

    因果推理类 perhaps because possibly because probably because this may be because likely due to presumably because apparently because

    这句话的 explicit meaning 是解释为什么 humble people 更 likely to initiate relationships,但 profound implication 是:pride 或 arrogance 是 relationship formation 的 major barrier。By saying humble people 不觉得自己 "too good",作者 imply 很多人因为 inflated self-view 而 miss romantic opportunities。这个 insight 对 main thesis 的 contribution extremely significant:它不仅 explain 了 humility 的 benefit,还 reveal 了 lack of humility 的 cost。这让 "humility as foundation of relationships" 的 argument 更 compelling,因为读者能 understand both the positive 和 negative aspects。这是 strengthen argument through implicit contrast 的经典 technique。

  • 研究结果强化谦逊的关系价值

    P3
    Perhaps it is not surprising, then, that humility appears to be a huge asset to relationships.

    逻辑递进类 Perhaps it is not surprising, then not surprising, then naturally as expected predictably unsurprisingly it follows that

    表面上这是个 transition sentence introducing research findings,但 deeper implication 是:前文关于 humility 的 elaboration 已经充分 demonstrate 了它的 value,以至于 empirical evidence 只是 confirmation rather than revelation。这个 implication 对 thesis 的作用在于:reinforce 作者 argument 的 logical strength。By saying the research finding is "not surprising",作者 suggest 他的 reasoning about humility 是 so sound that data merely validate what logic already indicated。这 enhance 读者对 main thesis 的 confidence,因为它 present the conclusion as both theoretically justified 和 empirically supported,形成 double reinforcement of the central claim about humility's importance in relationships。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:积极支持

结论先行:本文作者态度为积极支持( positive and supportive of humility in relationships)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 首段末句定调 P1

    议论文的 opening paragraph 通常会 establish 作者的 stance,尤其是最后一句往往是 thesis。这里作者直接用 important indicator 这种 definitive language 来描述 humility,已经显示出明显的 positive orientation。

  2. 单向论证无反驳 P2

    议论文的 body paragraphs 展示作者的 reasoning process。如果作者只呈现 one-sided evidence 并且全是 positive attributes,这就是 supportive attitude 的标志。相反,如果提出 counterarguments 或 limitations,态度就更 balanced 或 critical。

  3. 强化词与证据取向 P3

    议论文中作者的 attitude 常常通过 stance markers 体现,像 clearly、obviously、not surprising 这类词显示作者认为某个结论是 self-evident 的。当作者说某事 not surprising 时,实际是在说 this aligns with my position。同时 research citations 的使用方式也很关键——作者选择性地引用 support 自己观点的研究。

  4. 单向论证无让步 P1 P2 P3

    议论文的 overall structure 反映作者的 argumentative strategy。这篇文章是典型的 claim-explanation-evidence pattern,全程都在 strengthen 一个 single position。如果是 balanced view,会有 acknowledge counterarguments 或 present both sides 的部分,但这里完全没有。

文中的态度信号词

  • important indicator P1

    这个 phrase 直接表明作者认为 humility 在 relationships 中具有 substantial value。用 important 这个 strong positive adjective 加上 indicator 这个 definitive noun,作者是在 establish humility 的 central role,而不是说它 may be relevant 或 could be considered。

    同类词 crucial factor key element significant predictor essential component vital sign

  • deeply admirable P2

    Deeply admirable 是非常 strong 的 positive evaluation。Deeply 这个 intensifier 加上 admirable 这个 praise word,作者在 emphasize 自己对 humble qualities 的 high regard。这不是 neutral description,而是明确的 value judgment。

    同类词 highly commendable truly praiseworthy genuinely impressive remarkably valuable exceptionally positive

  • not surprising P3

    Not surprising 表面是在说某事 predictable,实际是作者在 imply this outcome aligns with what I've been arguing。这是一种 rhetorical device,让 reader 觉得作者的 conclusion 是 obvious 和 self-evident,从而增强 persuasiveness。

    同类词 naturally as expected predictably unsurprisingly logically

  • huge asset P3

    Huge asset 是 extremely positive evaluation。Asset 本身就是 positive word,加上 huge 这个 size intensifier,作者在 emphasize humility 的 substantial positive impact on relationships。这种 commercial metaphor(asset)使得 positive quality 更 concrete 和 tangible。

    同类词 tremendous benefit great advantage significant strength valuable resource major plus

  • ideal partner P3

    Ideal 是 superlative-level praise,表示 the best possible。作者用这个词来 describe humble partner,是在 make the strongest possible positive statement。这已经不是说 good 或 better,而是 the ultimate standard。

    同类词 perfect match best choice optimal option prime candidate excellent fit

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇议论文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语四级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇议论文?

  1. 开篇观点+转折对比 P1

    说明文的 opening 通常是 introduce facts 或 define concepts,新闻报道则是 report events 或 present breaking news。而议论文的 opening 会 establish 一个需要 argue 或 explore 的 viewpoint,形成 argumentative framework。文中 'Many people believe...' 后紧接 'But',这种 contrasting structure 是 argumentation 的典型 signal。

  2. 中心论点+论证支撑 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的 purpose 是 explain 或 inform,structure 是 descriptive 和 expository 的;新闻报道是 report facts objectively。而议论文要 persuade readers 或 prove a point,所以会 organize content around a central claim。这篇文章的 central argument 是 'humility is an important indicator of successful relationships',所有段落都在 support 这个 claim。

  3. 逻辑连接词+因果推理 P2 P3

    说明文主要用 sequential 或 categorical organization,新闻报道按 importance 或 chronology 排列 facts。而议论文依赖 logical reasoning chains,用 causal language 来 link premises to conclusions。文中出现 'Thus, humility leads to...'、'Perhaps it is not surprising, then, that...' 这些 logical transitions,显示作者在 build arguments through reasoning。

  4. 研究证据+论证功能 P3

    说明文中的 facts 和 details 是为了 comprehensive explanation,新闻报道的 information 是为了 report events accurately。而议论文的 evidence 是 strategic 的,selected 和 presented 来 strengthen 作者的 position。文中 'One study found...' 和 'The study also found...' 这些 research findings 都在 support 'humility is important in relationships' 这个 argument。

  5. 立场+论证+说服意图 P1 P2 P3

    说明文是 'here's how/what X is',新闻报道是 'here's what happened',而议论文是 'here's why X matters/is true/should be valued'。这篇文章完整展现议论文特征:从 common belief 入手 establish debate context,propose 'humility matters' 作为 arguable claim,用 definition clarification 和 research evidence 来 build case,最后 strengthen position with practical implications。整体 purpose 是 persuade readers to value humility in relationships。

哪些词暴露了议论文体裁?

  • believe P1 观点引导词 think argue claim assert maintain
  • But P1 论证逻辑连接词 but however yet nevertheless nonetheless
  • can P1 立场表态词 may might could would should
  • Recent research has found P1 观点引导词 research has found studies show evidence suggests data indicate findings reveal
  • generally indicates P2 立场表态词 typically suggests usually implies often means tends to show commonly reflects
  • Perhaps it is not surprising, then P3 论证逻辑连接词 perhaps it is not surprising it follows that therefore thus consequently
  • appears to be P3 立场表态词 seems to be tends to be is likely to be suggests that indicates that
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

7 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 《这个特质可能是一段长久恋情的关键》 的常见问题

2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章 This trait could be key to a lasting romance 的原文出自哪里?
2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章 This trait could be key to a lasting romance 选自 2019年2月14日刊登在 theconversation.com(对话网站)上的一篇标题为“This trait could be key to a lasting romance”(《这个特质可能是一段长久恋情的关键》)的文章。
2021年12月英语四级真题第1套文章《这个特质可能是一段长久恋情的关键》的主旨是什么?
2021年12月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章 This trait could be key to a lasting romance 议论文主张谦逊是成功恋爱关系的关键特质。文章论证了谦逊的人能够诚实地评估自己的优势和不足,因此是更好的伴侣,因为他们更容易建立关系并受到配偶的高度重视。(英文表述:This argumentative essay contends that humility is a crucial trait for successful romantic relationships. It argues that humble individuals, who can honestly assess their strengths and weaknesses, are better partners because they initiate relationships more readily and are highly valued by spouses.)
This trait could be key to a lasting romance(2021年12月英语四级真题第1套文章)是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为议论文,作者立场是积极支持(positive and supportive of humility in relationships)。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 237 词、3 段;在英语四级全部 511 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 234 篇(占 46%)。
2021年12月英语四级真题第1套文章《这个特质可能是一段长久恋情的关键》的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 3 段按议论文骨架分为 3 个意群:引言 · 第1段——提出论点:谦逊是成功关系的关键特质;分论点 · 第2段——阐释谦逊的真正含义及其价值;分论点 · 第3段——论证谦逊对恋爱关系的实际益处。
This trait could be key to a lasting romance 一文的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是积极支持(positive and supportive of humility in relationships)。判断路径:首段末句定调 → 单向论证无反驳 → 强化词与证据取向 → 单向论证无让步;文中的态度信号词包括 important indicator(第1段)、deeply admirable(第2段)、not surprising(第3段)、huge asset(第3段)、ideal partner(第3段)。
2021年12月英语四级真题第1套文章 This trait could be key to a lasting romance 中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 6 个:trait(特征;特性;品质)、endure(持续;维持;持久)、possess(拥有;具有)、acknowledge(承认;认可)、asset(宝贵的东西;优势;有利条件)、initiate(开始;发起;创始),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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