2016年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1)

Some of our research is to do with the likely impacts of climate change

模糊限制语 some of part of certain a portion of to some extent in some cases particular

Henderson 教授说 'some of our research' focuses on impacts，言外之意是他们的 research scope 其实 much broader，不只是 impact assessment。这种 strategic understatement 对 main idea 的作用是 establish credibility——他在 show 自己 research center 的 comprehensive nature，暗示他们 cover multiple dimensions of climate change，而不仅仅是 one narrow area。这为后续 discussion 奠定了 authority。

most of the science of climate change, particularly that to do with global warming, is simply fact. But other aspects of the science are less certain

转折类 but however yet nevertheless nonetheless though although

教授用 'but' 连接两个 contrasting statements，言外之意是在 preemptively address potential skepticism。他先 establish solid ground（warming 是 fact），然后 acknowledge uncertainty exists，这种 balanced approach 对 main idea 的价值在于 build trust——他不是 absolute advocate，而是 presenting nuanced reality。这让他后续关于 'risk' 和 'need for action' 的论点更 credible，因为他 already showed 自己 understand the limitations。

it's probably cheaper to avoid climate change—to avoid the risk—than it is to deal with the likely consequences

委婉表达 probably cheaper to avoid probably likely tend to seem to appear to suggest

用 'probably cheaper' 这种 understated economic framing，言外之意是 make a strong case for immediate action without sounding alarmist。对 main idea 的作用是 shift discussion from 'whether' to 'how'——既然 prevention 在经济上 makes sense，那么 debate 应该 focus on implementation。这个 subtle shift 是 persuasive strategy，让 action 显得 rational and inevitable 而非 ideological，呼应了文章关于 'need for transition' 的 core message。

for this to happen, we may need action on a global scale

情态词 may need might require should must have to need to it's necessary

'May need' 表面是 possibility，言外之意是 absolute necessity。Henderson 用 tentative language 来 talk about global cooperation，是因为 he knows 这是 politically difficult topic。对 main idea 的作用是 introduce the collaboration theme——文章后面会 elaborate on why China and USA agreement is crucial。这种 soft introduction 让后续 discussion of political challenges 显得 natural and well-grounded，支撑了文章关于 'need for global consensus' 的 key message。

at the moment we don't have that consensus

对比类 at the moment we don't have at the moment currently right now presently so far up to now

用 'at the moment' 来 frame the lack of consensus，言外之意是 this is a temporary challenge that can be overcome，而非 permanent barrier。对 main idea 的价值在于 maintain constructive tone——尽管 facing political obstacles，但 framework 暗示 solution is achievable。这 supports 文章的 call for action 主题，acknowledging difficulty 的同时 keeping focus on 'what needs to be done' rather than 'what's impossible'。

levels of climate change which are already inevitable, and even more so, too, for the levels that are likely if we don't get those global agreements

对比词 even more so even more especially particularly above all most importantly still more

'Even more so' 暗示一个 two-tier threat structure，言外之意是 even with best efforts, some damage is locked in，但 inaction will make it catastrophically worse。对 main idea 的作用是 provide ultimate justification for global cooperation——这不是 optional，而是 critical for limiting damage。这个 closing emphasis 将全文主题 tie together，从 scientific evidence 到 economic rationale，最终 pointing to why global agreements matter，reinforcing the entire argument structure。