2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1)
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2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1)

新闻报道 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的精读视角页——这篇新闻报道全文 256 词、3 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在英语六级文章中占 39%),作者立场为「客观中立」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语六级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 的听力原文,共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

In this week's edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions, there is a report of the case of Michelle Myers. Myers is an American woman who woke up one day speaking with a British accent, even though she's lived in the United States all her life. In 2015, Myers went to bed with a terrible headache. She woke up sounding like someone from England. Her British accent has remained for the past two years. Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.

Myers has been diagnosed with Foreign Accent Syndrome. It's a disorder in which a person experiences a sudden change to their speech so that they sound like they are speaking in a foreign accent. The condition is most often caused by a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Although people with the syndrome have intelligible speech, their manner of speaking is altered in terms of timing and tongue placement, which may distort their pronunciation. The result is that they may sound foreign when speaking their native language. It's not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition, which can result in loose joints, easily bruised skin and other problems.

Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century. However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    A Woman Who Woke Up British

    Michelle Myers has unexpectedly spoken with a British accent for two years after waking with a severe headache.

    本段承担报道的 lead function,通过一个具体而奇特的 personal case 吸引读者,并为全文讨论 Foreign Accent Syndrome 提供真实的新闻切入点。

    抓首段异常事件
  2. P2

    Understanding Foreign Accent Syndrome

    Foreign Accent Syndrome is a neurological disorder that alters speech patterns, usually after brain injury, though Myers's exact cause is unknown.

    本段是全文的 explanatory core,它把第一段的奇闻式现象转化为可理解的 medical disorder,并且直接支撑文章主旨中“疾病改变说话模式、常与脑损伤相关”的信息。

    拆解疾病四要素
  3. P3

    A Rare Disorder with Similar Cases

    Foreign Accent Syndrome is extremely rare, but other cases have linked unusual accents to head injuries.

    本段作为结尾补充 statistical context 和 comparable example,一方面强化该病的罕见性,另一方面让 Myers 的经历不再是孤立事件,从而增强整篇报道的可信度。

    数字定稀有,案例作佐证
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2018年12月英语六级真题第2套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 British accent previous accents

    What distinguished Myers's British accent from her previous accents?

    • A It was the first foreign accent Myers had ever developed.
    • B It disappeared after Myers had slept for a week.
    • C It lasted for two years, whereas the earlier accents lasted only a week.
    • D It occurred only after she moved from England to the United States.
    • E It was accompanied by a milder headache than the earlier episodes.
    • F It made her sound Australian rather than Irish.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    正确项准确重构了文本中的 duration contrast:当前 British accent 的状态是 remained for the past two years,而 earlier accents 的共同状态是 lasted for only a week。它没有把 accent 的种类误当成区别,也没有改写时间数量。其障碍在于题干中的 distinguished 较抽象,考生必须主动把两处分开的时间信息压缩为 whereas 结构;同时 only 强化了短暂性,是不可遗漏的限定词。

    口音时长配对 时间极紧时,直接抓题干中的 British accent 和 previous 两个锚点,扫描 第1段 末部的时间单位与对比词,不必从头逐句精读。然后采用“数字—对象配对”法:把每个 duration 先配回它所属的 accent,再选唯一同时保留两组对象和时间差的正确项。这个方法比逐项翻译更快,因为新闻个案题的硬信息往往集中在数字、时间和转折词周围。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 Foreign Accent Syndrome sound foreign

    Why may people with Foreign Accent Syndrome sound foreign when speaking their native language?

    • A They lose the ability to produce intelligible speech.
    • B They deliberately imitate the pronunciation of another language.
    • C Their native language gradually changes into a foreign language.
    • D Changes in speech timing and tongue placement can distort pronunciation.
    • E Loose joints and bruised skin interfere with their speech.
    • F Every patient has suffered a stroke or traumatic brain injury.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    该项对应完整的因果机制:manner of speaking 被 altered,具体表现为 timing 和 tongue placement 的变化,继而 may distort pronunciation,最终使 native language sound foreign。选项没有误称患者说的是另一种语言,也没有把常见病因当作所有人的直接原因。障碍在于文本使用 may,说明这是可能机制;正确项同样保留 can 的可能性,避免了过度断言。

    结果箭头反查 在时间不足时,用 Foreign Accent Syndrome 定位到 第2段 后,跳读 definition 和常见病因,直接寻找与题干结果 sound foreign 同义或近义的句子。随后执行“结果箭头反查”:从结果句向前只读取一个逻辑单位,锁定其紧邻的 speech mechanism,再选择忠实概括该机制的正确项。这样能避免被 stroke、brain injury 等显眼但答非所问的信息带走。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 rarity evidence Foreign Accent Syndrome

    What evidence is given for the rarity of Foreign Accent Syndrome?

    • A About 60 cases are reported every year.
    • B Only 60 people have experienced a stroke in the past century.
    • C The condition has been confirmed in only two countries.
    • D The syndrome affects only people with traumatic brain injuries.
    • E Only about 60 cases have been reported over the past century.
    • F A Russian-accent case was the first one reported in 2010.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    正确项完整保留了 rarity 的直接统计依据:数量约为 60、范围是 reported cases、时间窗口是 past century,并用 only 保留了低数量的评价色彩。该题的难点不在生词,而在限定词完整性:若删去 about 会把估计数绝对化,若删去 reported 会把“被报告的病例”扩大成全部实际病例,若删去时间范围则失去 rarity 的判断尺度。

    统计三连拍 紧急情况下,抓住 rarity 的词族并直达 第3段 首句,圈出与其同句或紧邻句中的数字串。采用“统计三连拍”判定:先看统计对象,再看数量,最后看时间窗口;只有三者均不被改写的正确项才成立。无需花时间处理随后那则 2010 的事故案例,因为它是 anecdotal follow-up,不是对 rare 的核心量化证明。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的新闻报道骨架

按新闻报道 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 新闻导语:罕见病例引入

    这个 lead paragraph 开门见山地 introduce 了 main character Michelle Myers 和她的 bizarre condition——这位 American woman 某天醒来后 speak with a British accent,尽管她 lived in the US all her life。意群通过 specific details 强化新闻的 newsworthiness:2015年她因 terrible headache 入睡,醒来后的 British accent 已经 remained for two years,而之前她还曾短暂出现过 Irish and Australian accents。

    作为 news report 的 opening,这个意群通过 compelling human interest story 来 hook readers' attention,同时 establish 文章的 central focus——一个 rare medical phenomenon。它提供了 essential who, what, when 信息,为后续的 medical explanation 搭建 narrative framework。

    案例主角及核心症状呈现
  2. 医学解释:病症机制阐述

    这个 explanatory section 将 narrative 转向 medical exposition,系统地 define Foreign Accent Syndrome 并 explain its mechanism。意群 describe 该 disorder 如何 cause sudden change to speech patterns,让 sufferers sound like speaking in a foreign accent。重点阐述了 causation(most often by stroke or traumatic brain injury)和 mechanism(altered timing and tongue placement affecting pronunciation)。最后补充 Myers' case 的 additional context——她的 separate medical condition 可能 contribute to 这个 syndrome。

    作为 news report 的 nut graph,这个意群 provide essential background knowledge,让 readers understand 前面 intriguing case 背后的 medical rationale。它 transform 个人 anecdote into broader medical context,增强文章的 credibility and authority。通过 scientific explanation,意群 validate 了 lead 中看似 bizarre 的 phenomenon,同时为 readers 建立 conceptual framework 来 comprehend 这个 rare condition。

    病症定义与成因
  3. 统计背景与补充案例

    这个 contextualizing paragraph 通过 statistical data 强调 syndrome 的 rarity——only about 60 cases reported within the past century。然后 provide 另一个 parallel case:2010年 another American woman 因 fell down stairs and hit her head 而 spoke with Russian accent。这种 structure 既 quantify 了 condition 的 uncommonness,又通过 additional example 来 reinforce 其 existence and pattern。

    作为 news report 的 closing context,这个意群 fulfill 两个 functions:通过 statistical evidence 强化 medical condition 的 rare nature,同时用 parallel case 来 validate Myers' experience 不是 isolated incident。这种 contextualization 让 readers appreciate 主旨中 'rare' 的具体 meaning,并通过 recency of another case(2010)来 maintain story's relevance and credibility。

    罕见度量化与佐证
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语六级文章。

  1. 首段首尾句定位主角和核心事件 P1

    新闻报道遵循 inverted pyramid structure,最关键的 who 和 what 信息往往集中在首段,first sentence 引出 protagonist,last sentence 则常常 reveal 核心的 medical condition 或 key fact

  2. 第二段术语和定义锁定主题 P2

    新闻报道在 introduce 完 case 之后,通常会在 second paragraph 提供 background information 或 expert explanation。如果出现 medical terminology 或 definition-style sentences(如 'It's a disorder in which...'),说明文章主旨是 explain 某种 condition

  3. 末段数据和对比案例验证重要性 P3

    新闻报道的 closing paragraph 常常用 broader context 或 comparative information 来 emphasize 报道价值。如果看到 'rare'、'only X cases' 或 'another case' 这类表达,说明文章在强调事件的 rarity 或 significance

  4. 个案加病症加表现加成因四要素综合 P1 P2 P3

    新闻报道的主旨必须 balance specificity 和 generality,既要点明 concrete case,又要提炼出 transferable knowledge。综述时需要把 Myers 作为 specific example,Foreign Accent Syndrome 作为 general phenomenon,speech pattern alteration 作为 manifestation,brain injury 作为 typical cause 这四个层次整合起来

主旨信号词 diagnosed with P2 rare P3 disorder P2 caused by P2 speaking with P1

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

美国女性米歇尔·迈尔斯患有罕见的外国口音综合征,在头痛醒来后持续两年说话带有英国口音。这种通常由脑损伤引起的神经系统疾病会影响说话模式,使患者听起来像外国人。
American woman Michelle Myers suffers from rare Foreign Accent Syndrome, causing her to speak with a British accent for two years after waking with a headache. The neurological disorder, typically caused by brain injury, affects speech patterns making sufferers sound foreign.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

4 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语六级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • bizarre 奇异的;罕见的;不寻常的

    我们来串联一下这些 clues:首先,special series 的定位告诉我们这是值得专门报道的 unusual cases;然后,案例本身展示的现象(突然说 foreign accent)确实非常 strange;最后,第3段 的统计数据(一个世纪仅60例)从 quantitative perspective 证实了其 rarity。三条线索共同指向同一个方向:bizarre 描述的是那些 extremely uncommon、unexpected、even strange 的特征。因此,在 medical context 中,bizarre medical conditions 指的就是那些罕见的、不寻常的、甚至有些奇异的病症。

    形容词三角验证法
  • distort 使失真;扭曲;使变形

    让我们整合这些 analytical threads:首先,causal relationship 告诉我们 distort 是 altered timing and tongue placement 的 consequence;其次,semantic analysis 显示 distort 作用于 pronunciation 这个需要 precision 的对象,且结果是 sound foreign(不正常);最后,morphological clue(dis- prefix)从 word structure 层面确认了其 negative nature。三条线索converge到同一个结论:distort 表示'使变形、使失真、扭曲',特指使某物偏离其 original 或 correct state,且这种改变通常是 undesirable 的。

    动词三维分析框架
  • intelligible 可理解的;能听懂的

    整合我们的 reasoning process:Contrastive structure 告诉我们 intelligible 是在一系列 negative changes(altered manner, distorted pronunciation)中仍然保持的 positive quality;conceptual analysis 揭示 speech 的 fundamental function 是 communication,因此 intelligible 必须关乎'被理解';morphological breakdown(intel- + -ible)从 word structure 层面确认了'可理解'这个方向。三个 perspectives 一致指向:intelligible 表示'可理解的、能被听懂的',特指尽管 speech 有 acoustic changes,但仍能传达 meaning。

    功能-对比-结构三重验证
  • traumatic 创伤性的;严重损伤的

    综合我们的 analytical evidence:Parallel structure 把 traumatic brain injury 与 stroke 这种 severe medical event 放在同一层级;symptom severity(突然改变 speech pattern)反向证明了导致它的 injury 必然 serious;morphological analysis(trauma + -tic)从 word formation 角度支持'创伤性'这个语义方向。三条线索 converge:traumatic 用于描述 severe、damaging、potentially life-altering 的 injuries 或 events,在 medical terminology 中特指'创伤性的',强调 injury 的 severity 和对 body/brain 的 significant impact。

    等级关联反推法
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

4 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 背景交代

    P1

    文章开头通过 'In this week's edition of special series on Bizarre Medical Conditions' 来 frame 这个 report,establish 了报道的 context 和 series nature。接着通过 chronological narrative 交代了 Myers 的 medical history:从 2015 年 terrible headache 开始,到 waking up with British accent,再到 previous episodes with Irish and Australian accents。这种 temporal sequencing 的 background information 帮助 readers understand 这不是 one-time occurrence,而是 recurring pattern,从而为后续的 diagnosis 提供 foundation。

    信号词 Previously In 2015 In this week's edition In the past Before that Earlier Historically Prior to Until now For years

    仿写: 使用 time markers 和 transitional phrases 来 organize background。模版:'In [timeframe/context], [framing]. In [year], [subject] [initial event]. [Subject] [outcome/result]. Previously, [subject] had [related events]. However, [contrast or additional detail].' 这种 structure 先给 contextual frame,再提供 main incident,然后补充 historical pattern,最后用 'however' 或 'previously' 等 connectors 来 add complexity。

  • 客观描述

    P2

    第二段通过 medical terminology 和 clinical description 来 explain Foreign Accent Syndrome:'a disorder in which'、'most often caused by'、'altered in terms of timing and tongue placement'。这种 technical language 和 precise definitions 营造了 scientific objectivity,将 bizarre condition 从 tabloid curiosity 转化为 legitimate medical phenomenon。使用 'intelligible speech' 和 'distort their pronunciation' 这样的 neutral descriptors 避免了 sensationalism,maintaining journalistic professionalism。

    信号词 It's a disorder in which is defined as characterized by refers to is a condition where consists of involves is caused by results in

    仿写: 在描述 medical conditions 或 scientific phenomena 时,adopt definitional structure:'It's a [category] in which [defining characteristic].' 然后 follow with causal explanations 使用 'caused by' 和 technical details 使用 'in terms of'。模版:'[Condition] is [definition]. The condition is [causation]. [Specific characteristics], which may [consequence].' 避免 dramatic adjectives,让 facts speak for themselves。

  • 数据引用

    P3

    文章在第三段给出了 specific statistics:'only about 60 cases reported within the past century'。这个 quantitative evidence 直接 demonstrate 了 condition 的 rarity,用 concrete numbers 支撑了 'rare' 这个 qualitative claim。数字的 precision ('60 cases' 而不是 'few cases') 增强了 article 的 credibility,同时 time frame 'within the past century' 提供了 meaningful scope,让 readers 能够 contextualize 这个 rarity。

    信号词 only about 60 cases approximately statistics show data indicates reported cases accounts for represents numbers reveal in [year]

    仿写: 当 making claims about frequency 或 rarity 时,always provide specific figures。模版:'[Phenomenon] is rare, with only [specific number] cases [reported/documented/recorded] [timeframe].' 确保 numbers 和 scope 都 clearly stated。可以 follow up with comparative example:'However, a different [case] reportedly [detail] in [year]',这样 additional data point 强化了 pattern 或 provides contrast。

  • 对比手法

    P1 P2

    文章多次使用 contrast 来 highlight significance:Myers 的 British accent 'has remained for the past two years' 与 previous Irish and Australian accents 'lasted for only a week' 形成对比;Foreign Accent Syndrome 是 'rare' 但 'intelligible speech' 依然 maintained。这些 juxtapositions 强调了 current situation 的 exceptional nature,让 readers 理解为什么这个 case 值得报道。'However' 的使用 explicitly signals 这些 contrasts。

    信号词 However on both of those occasions Although In contrast While Unlike On the other hand Nevertheless Yet But

    仿写: 识别你想 emphasize 的 key difference,然后用 contrastive structures 来 present it。模版:'[Statement A]. However, [contrasting statement B].' 或者 '[Situation 1] for [duration/extent]. [Same subject] [situation 2] for [contrasting duration/extent].' 使用 'only'、'just'、'as long as' 等 intensifiers 来 amplify contrast。确保两个被对比的 elements 在 structure 上 parallel,这样 difference 更 striking。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

4 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • Foreign Accent Syndrome的罕见性与不确定性

    P2
    It's not clear whether Myers has experienced a stroke or other brain damage, but she also has a separate medical condition

    模糊限制语 It's not clear unclear uncertain may might possibly perhaps

    这个 implication 通过 it's not clear 传递出 Myers 的 condition 的 exact cause 仍是 medical mystery。言外之意是:尽管 Foreign Accent Syndrome 通常由 stroke or brain injury 引起,但 Myers 的 case 可能更 complicated,她的 separate medical condition 可能是 contributing factor,但 medical professionals 还无法 establish clear causation。这个 implication 对 article's main theme 的作用是强化 syndrome 的 rare and puzzling nature,同时解释为什么这个 case 值得 special attention—不仅因为 rare,还因为 medically unexplained。它让 readers 理解这不是 straightforward medical case,而是体现 medical science 的 limitations。

  • Myers病情的反复性暗示严重程度

    P1
    Previously, Myers had woken up speaking in Irish and Australian accents. However, on both of those occasions, the accents lasted for only a week.

    时间对比类 Previously before in the past formerly earlier once prior to

    这个 temporal comparison 的 implication 是:Myers 的 condition 正在 worsening or becoming more persistent。之前的 accents 只 lasted one week,而 current British accent 已经 persisted for two years—这个 dramatic difference in duration 暗示她的 syndrome 可能在 progressing 或变得更 entrenched。言外之意还包括这不是 isolated incident 而是 recurring pattern,表明 underlying condition 是 chronic and unpredictable。对 main theme 的作用是:通过这个 progression,文章 reinforces 这个 syndrome 的 serious and mysterious nature,不只是 temporary quirk 而是 persistent medical condition。这个 detail 让 readers 理解为什么这个 case 值得 extended attention,因为它展示了 syndrome 的 progressive potential。

  • 极少案例数暗示研究不足与认知局限

    P3
    Foreign Accent Syndrome is rare, with only about 60 cases reported within the past century.

    数量限定类 only about 60 cases only just merely barely only about fewer than

    这个 quantitative limitation 通过 only 60 cases 传递的 implication 是:medical understanding of Foreign Accent Syndrome 是 severely limited due to insufficient data。一个世纪才 60 cases 意味着 researchers 缺乏足够 samples 来 establish clear patterns, effective treatments, 或 comprehensive understanding of mechanisms。言外之意是:这解释了为什么 Myers' case 的 cause 仍 unclear—不是 doctors 不够专业,而是 medical science 本身对这个 rare condition 知之甚少。对 article's theme 的作用是为前文提到的 diagnostic uncertainty 提供 context,同时强化这个 syndrome 的 exceptional nature。这个 detail 让 readers 理解 Myers 面对的不只是 rare condition,还面临 limited medical knowledge 和 uncertain prognosis,从而增加 story 的 human interest and concern。

  • 类似案例佐证病症真实性与模式

    P3
    However, a different American woman reportedly spoke with a Russian accent in 2010 after she fell down the stairs and hit her head.

    类比佐证类 However, a different American woman reportedly similarly likewise another case a different also in another instance

    这个 analogical example 的 implication 是:Foreign Accent Syndrome 虽然 extremely rare,但确实是 medically recognized phenomenon with documented pattern—head trauma leading to accent change。引入 2010 Russian accent case 不只是 provide additional information,更是在 implicitly addressing potential reader skepticism。言外之意是:如果 readers 觉得 Myers' story 太 bizarre to believe,这个 parallel case serves as evidence 证明这是 real medical condition 而非 fabrication or psychological issue。同时,两个 cases 都涉及 head injury (Myers' headache, the other woman's fall) 进一步 reinforces the brain injury causation,尽管 Myers 的 exact cause 仍 unclear。对 article theme 的作用是 strengthen credibility of the entire report,让 readers 接受这个 seemingly unbelievable condition 是 genuine medical phenomenon 值得 serious attention。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:客观中立

结论先行:本文作者态度为客观中立( Objective and informative)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 识别专题栏目属性 P1

    新闻报道类文章的body往往是叙述fact、case study和scientific explanation,如果作者没有插入个人opinion或judgment的词汇,就说明这是一种偏向neutral的报道方式。

  2. 扫描情感色彩词汇 P2

    如果动词多为诊断性和描述性的词汇,比如diagnosed with、caused by、experiences,说明作者在保持一种clinical objectivity,而不是在渲染情绪。

  3. 捕捉模糊限制语 P2 P3

    这类hedge word在新闻报道中通常代表作者对信息可靠性的谨慎态度,说明作者不愿意做出unsupported的definitive claim,这恰恰是objective reporting的重要标志。

  4. 核实数据与证据引用 P3

    用数据和case number说话,而不是用抒情或评论性语言,说明作者的写作逻辑是evidence-based reporting,这进一步印证了neutral的立场。

  5. 整合四维信号得出结论 P1 P2 P3

    无论是case描述、medical explanation还是statistic引用,作者都只是在呈现facts,没有出现明显的褒贬词汇,这说明该新闻报道属于典型的客观中立型science journalism。

文中的态度信号词

  • reportedly P3

    reportedly这个词把信息的来源responsibility转移给了第三方,而不是作者自己下的定论,这样就避免了作者对未被完全证实的case做出over-claim,是典型的news attribution手法。

    同类词 according to it is said that sources say allegedly

  • It's not clear whether P2

    这个短语直接表明作者对Myers是否经历了stroke这件事持有open和unresolved的态度,没有强行给出结论,体现出报道的严谨性。

    同类词 it's not clear whether it remains unclear it is uncertain unconfirmed unknown

  • may P2

    may distort their pronunciation这样的表达说明作者只是在陈述一种possibility,而不是斩钉截铁地下定论,这种modal verb的使用降低了陈述的确定性程度。

    同类词 might could can result in possibly

  • diagnosed with P2

    diagnosed with是一个医学clinical term,属于professional且neutral的表达方式,说明作者是在conveying医学事实,而不是用带有情绪色彩的词汇去描述Myers的状况。

    同类词 identified as classified as caused by characterized by

  • only about 60 cases P3

    用具体的statistic比如60 cases来说明Foreign Accent Syndrome的rarity,这是一种quantifiable evidence,而不是用夸张的形容词去形容它有多罕见,体现了作者用数据说话的客观风格。

    同类词 only about X cases a total of X statistics show data indicate the number of

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇新闻报道

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语六级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇新闻报道?

  1. 首段直陈具体事件 P1

    这篇文章的 first sentence 直接 report 了 Michelle Myers 这个 specific case,属于典型的 news lead。如果是 argumentative essay,开头会 present 作者的 viewpoint;如果是 expository writing,开头会 define 或者 explain 一个 concept。新闻报道的特征就是 fact-first,immediately 给出 newsworthy information。

  2. 事件后附专业背景 P2

    第二段提供了 Foreign Accent Syndrome 的 medical explanation,这是在 contextualize Myers 的 case。这种 structure 是新闻报道的典型特征:先报道 event,再提供 context。议论文会用 evidence 来 support thesis;说明文会 systematically explain 整个 topic。而新闻报道是用 background info 来 help readers understand 已经发生的 specific event。

  3. 补充案例与数据 P3

    第三段提到了 only about 60 cases 以及 another American woman 的 similar case。这些 information 是在 illustrate 这个 condition 的 rarity,属于新闻报道的 contextual expansion。议论文会用 examples 来 support arguments;说明文会用 examples 来 illustrate concepts。新闻报道用 additional cases 和 statistics 纯粹是为了 inform readers about the scope,没有 persuasive 或者 instructional agenda。

  4. 整体特征综合识别 P1 P2 P3

    这篇文章完整呈现了新闻报道的 characteristics:lead with a specific case (Myers),follow with expert explanation (Foreign Accent Syndrome),end with broader context (rarity and similar cases)。整篇文章 maintain objective reporting tone,没有 author's explicit opinion 也没有 step-by-step teaching structure。这种 pattern 明确 signal 这是 news report 而不是 argument 或 exposition。

哪些词暴露了新闻报道体裁?

  • there is a report of the case of P1 新闻来源与引用词 there is a report of reportedly reported within has been diagnosed with according to
  • In 2015 P1 即时性时间与地点词 this week's one day for the past two years previously in 2010
  • Michelle Myers P1 核心事实概括词 American woman British accent Foreign Accent Syndrome stroke traumatic brain injury
  • woke up P1 核心事实概括词 went to bed fell down the stairs hit her head experiences a sudden change caused by
  • reportedly P3 新闻来源与引用词 reported within there is a report has been diagnosed it's not clear whether allegedly
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

4 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 的常见问题

2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的主旨是什么?
美国女性米歇尔·迈尔斯患有罕见的外国口音综合征,在头痛醒来后持续两年说话带有英国口音。这种通常由脑损伤引起的神经系统疾病会影响说话模式,使患者听起来像外国人。(英文表述:American woman Michelle Myers suffers from rare Foreign Accent Syndrome, causing her to speak with a British accent for two years after waking with a headache. The neurological disorder, typically caused by brain injury, affects speech patterns making sufferers sound foreign.)
2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为新闻报道,作者立场是客观中立(Objective and informative)。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 256 词、3 段;在英语六级全部 593 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 233 篇(占 39%)。
2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 3 段按新闻报道骨架分为 3 个意群:第1段——新闻导语:罕见病例引入;第2段——医学解释:病症机制阐述;第3段——统计背景与补充案例。
2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是客观中立(Objective and informative)。判断路径:识别专题栏目属性 → 扫描情感色彩词汇 → 捕捉模糊限制语 → 核实数据与证据引用 → 整合四维信号得出结论;文中的态度信号词包括 reportedly(第3段)、It's not clear whether(第2段)、may(第2段)、diagnosed with(第2段)、only about 60 cases(第3段)。
2018年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 4 个:bizarre(奇异的;罕见的;不寻常的)、distort(使失真;扭曲;使变形)、intelligible(可理解的;能听懂的)、traumatic(创伤性的;严重损伤的),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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