With the progress in psychology, the traditional view of children's self-centered nature and limited thinking abilities has become less and less influential.
主句,陈述心理学进步这一背景下传统观点影响力减弱的事实,包含介词短语状语说明背景条件,主语表明讨论对象,谓语表达状态变化,表语说明变化结果
成分推断 · 4 项
- 先找句中所有动词形式:全句出现 "progress" 但此处是名词,真正的动词是 "has become"
- 确认 "has become" 的结构:"has" 是助动词,"become" 是过去分词,两者构成现在完成时的谓语形式,这是唯一的完整谓语
- 检查前后搭配:"has become" 前面是主语 "the traditional view of children's self-centered nature and limited thinking abilities",后面是表语 "less and less influential",符合系动词 "become" 的主系表结构
- 排除其他候选:句首 "With the progress" 中的 "progress" 是名词不是动词,全句没有其他动词形式能充当谓语
- 结论:"has become" 是本句谓语,为现在完成时的系动词
- 找谓语前面紧邻的名词性成分:谓语 "has become" 前面是 "the traditional view of children's self-centered nature and limited thinking abilities",这是一个完整的名词短语
- 确认该成分与谓语的关系:"the traditional view" 后接 "of" 引导的介词短语 "of children's self-centered nature and limited thinking abilities" 作定语,整体与 "has become" 构成主谓关系
- 验证主谓一致:"view" 是单数名词,谓语用 "has" 而非 "have",数的一致性证实这是主语
- 排除其他候选:句首 "With the progress in psychology" 是介词短语作状语,不能充当主语;"children's self-centered nature and limited thinking abilities" 是介词 "of" 的宾语,修饰 "view",也不是主语
- 结论:"the traditional view of children's self-centered nature and limited thinking abilities" 是完整主语
- 识别系动词后的成分:谓语 "has become" 中 "become" 是系动词,系动词后需要表语,此处跟着 "less and less influential"
- 确认成分性质:"influential" 是形容词,"less and less" 是程度副词修饰 "influential",整体构成形容词短语
- 验证系表关系:"become" 表示状态变化,"less and less influential" 说明主语 "view" 变得越来越没有影响力,符合系动词加表语描述主语状态的特征
- 排除其他候选:此处没有宾语的可能,因为 "become" 是系动词不是及物动词,后面只能接表语
- 结论:"less and less influential" 是表语,说明主语的状态
- 识别句首成分:句子开头是 "With the progress in psychology," 后跟逗号,"With" 是介词,引导介词短语
- 判断该成分与主句的关系:"With" 短语位于主句 "the traditional view ... has become ..." 之前,用逗号隔开,说明它修饰整个主句而非某个特定词
- 确定修饰功能:"With the progress in psychology" 表达伴随或原因,说明主语状态变化的背景条件,这是状语的典型作用
- 排除其他候选:该短语不能充当主语、宾语或表语,因为它是介词短语且已用逗号与主句隔开;也不是定语,因为它不修饰某个名词
- 结论:"With the progress in psychology" 是状语,修饰全句谓语,说明状态变化的背景
时态 · 语态 · 语气
- 时态判定:先找谓语动词形式 "has become","has" 是现在时助动词,"become" 是过去分词,"have/has + 过去分词" 是现在完成时的标准构成形式;排除一般现在时(应为 "becomes")、现在进行时(应为 "is becoming")、一般过去时(应为 "became")等候选
- 语态判定:"become" 是系动词,构成主系表结构 "the traditional view has become less and less influential",系动词不存在主动被动之分,因此语态填不适用;如果是及物动词的被动形式应为 "be + 过去分词"(如 "is done"),此处不符合
- 语气判定:句子用陈述句形式平述事实,谓语 "has become" 无虚拟语气标志(虚拟语气常用 "were"、"had done"、"should/would + 动词原形" 等特殊形式),也非祈使句(祈使句用动词原形开头且无主语),因此为陈述语气
语义说明 现在完成时 "has become" 表示从过去某时刻开始一直持续到现在的状态变化,强调传统观点的影响力逐渐减弱这一过程已经发生并对现在产生影响;系动词表明这是对主语状态的描述;陈述语气说明这是客观陈述而非假设或命令