考研英语二 2021年 Section I 完形填空（四选一）试卷排版
考研英语二2021年 Section I 完形填空（四选一）：共 20 题、卷面 10 分（满分 100，每题 0.5 分）、卷面选文共 353 个英文单词。本页按真题原卷版式还原该模块卷面（不含解析）；逐题解析在「题目解析」页，全文逐句精读在「原文精读」页；本模块真题可免费下载 PDF/Word，入口见上方本题行。
试卷原卷
英语二真题(2021)
Section I
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
It's not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, 1 , to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted.
Travel on a London bus and you'll 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.
Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes was increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.
There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight.
The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.
This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.
1.
[ A ]therefore
[ B ]however
[ C ]again
[ D ]moreover
2.
[ A ]Emphasize
[ B ]Identify
[ C ]Assess
[ D ]Explain
3.
[ A ]nearly
[ B ]curiously
[ C ]eagerly
[ D ]quickly
4.
[ A ]claim
[ B ]prove
[ C ]check
[ D ]recall
5.
[ A ]threatened
[ B ]ignored
[ C ]mocked
[ D ]blamed
6.
[ A ]punctuality
[ B ]hospitality
[ C ]competition
[ D ]innovation
7.
[ A ]Yet
[ B ]So
[ C ]Besides
[ D ]Still
8.
[ A ]hired
[ B ]trained
[ C ]rewarded
[ D ]grouped
9.
[ A ]only
[ B ]rather
[ C ]once
[ D ]also
10.
[ A ]comfort
[ B ]revenue
[ C ]efficiency
[ D ]security
11.
[ A ]friendly
[ B ]quiet
[ C ]cautious
[ D ]diligent
12.
[ A ]purpose
[ B ]problem
[ C ]prejudice
[ D ]policy
13.
[ A ]reported
[ B ]revealed
[ C ]admitted
[ D ]noticed
14.
[ A ]break
[ B ]trip
[ C ]departure
[ D ]transfer
15.
[ A ]moral
[ B ]background
[ C ]style
[ D ]form
16.
[ A ]interpret
[ B ]criticize
[ C ]sacrifice
[ D ]tolerate
17.
[ A ]task
[ B ]secret
[ C ]product
[ D ]cost
18.
[ A ]leading to
[ B ]calling for
[ C ]relating to
[ D ]accounting for
19.
[ A ]specify
[ B ]predict
[ C ]restore
[ D ]create
20.
[ A ]modify
[ B ]review
[ C ]present
[ D ]achieve
选文出处：本文选自网站 Business Spotlight一篇题为Setting targets can have unforeseen negative consequences(设定目标可能会带来不可预见的负面影响)的文章。