2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A
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2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A

说明文 · 完形填空(选词填空) · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 246 词、3 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在英语四级文章中占 46%),作者立场为「积极支持」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语四级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 的完形填空(选词填空)原文,共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first constructed in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was undertaken. During this renovation the building's owners, CIS, consulted the solar panel company, Solar century. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest collection of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large scale has never been repeated since.

Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the "10 best green energy projects". For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was eventually overtaken by the Mill bank Tower.

Green buildings like this aren't necessarily cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy production through fossil fuels. As solar panels get cheaper, the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of height, but rather one to collect the most solar energy.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    From Falling Stones to Vertical Solar Panels

    The CIS tower was renovated into Europe's largest and uniquely pioneering vertical solar project after its stone exterior caused long-term problems.

    本段承担了文章的 factual foundation 作用,交代 CIS tower 的背景、改造原因、实施过程和最终成就。它直接支撑全文主旨中的 became Europe's largest vertical solar panel installation,并通过 stone problem 与 solar transformation 的对比,说明这座建筑为什么能够成为 pioneering green energy project。

    抓住“问题—改造—成果”链条
  2. P2

    Recognition Beyond Height

    The CIS tower's unprecedented solar design earned major green-energy recognition, although its record as the UK's tallest building was eventually surpassed.

    本段在全文中起到 reinforcement and qualification 的作用。它进一步证明 CIS tower 是 pioneering green energy project,同时通过 tallest building 纪录后来被超越,提醒读者建筑的真正长期价值不在 height competition,而在 solar-energy innovation。这为第三段讨论绿色建筑的经济性、污染减少和未来发展作了过渡。

    区分主线事实与陪衬事实
  3. P3

    The Future of Solar-Powered Skyscrapers

    Despite higher costs, solar-powered skyscrapers can reduce pollution and may redefine future architectural competition around clean-energy production.

    本段把 CIS tower 的个案意义扩展为 broader social and architectural implications。它承认 green buildings 可能存在投资成本问题,但强调减少 pollution 的环境收益,并预测更低的太阳能板成本会推动普及。结尾关于从争夺高度转向收集太阳能的设想,最终呼应全文主旨中 skyscrapers generating clean solar power,并完成从过去案例到未来趋势的收束。

    整合“成本权衡—推广条件—未来愿景”
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2018年6月英语四级真题第1套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 owners major renovation CIS tower

    What did the owners decide to do during the major renovation of the CIS tower?

    • A They restored the building's original thin square stones.
    • B They removed all solar panels from the face of the tower.
    • C They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels.
    • D They built a taller tower to replace the CIS tower.
    • E They used fossil fuels to make the renovation more cost-efficient.
    • F They limited the panels to a small part of the building.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    该项完整保留了决定者的行动、覆盖对象和覆盖范围:agreed 对应题干的 decide,entire building 对应明确的改造规模,solar panels 对应改造方案。它不是对原文的机械复写,而是把 owners 的决定转化为可直接作答的陈述。障碍在于考生可能被 thin square stones 的旧外墙材料吸引,或把 create some of the energy 误认为业主作出的决定;但前者属于旧问题,后者属于面板投入使用后的功能。

    紧盯整栋覆盖 时间极紧时,不必先通读整段。直接用题干中的 owners 加 major renovation 扫描 第1段;找到后只读该短语所在句及后一句。然后把所有选项压缩为“覆盖范围”这一单一检验点:能与 entire building 对齐的正确项即为答案项。这个方法绕开了对旧石材、年份和发电功能等背景信息的处理。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 10 best green energy projects CIS tower

    Why was the CIS tower chosen as one of the “10 best green energy projects”?

    • A It was the tallest building in Europe at the time.
    • B It generated all the energy used by the insurance company.
    • C It replaced the Millbank Tower as the tallest building in the United Kingdom.
    • D It pioneered the use of solar panels to cover a skyscraper.
    • E It was the first building to make solar panels cheaper.
    • F It completely eliminated pollution from energy production.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    该项准确概括 covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before。pioneered 是对“此前从未做过”的同义概括,说明项目获得认可的依据在于其首创性。设置的障碍是原文没有直接使用 pioneered,考生需完成同义转换;同时不能把 tallest building 误当成获选理由,因为高度信息只是并列补充。

    奖项前找首创 直接扫描带引号和数字的 10 best green energy projects,在 第2段 一步定位。随后不必处理后面的 tallest building 信息,只抓其前面紧邻的 never been done before,并把选项逐个代入“首创性”这个判断框。能够解释项目独特性的正确项即为答案项;高度、成本和污染均属于无关或错位信息。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 green buildings solar panels

    What does the passage suggest about green buildings with solar panels?

    • A They are always cost-efficient for investors.
    • B They produce more pollution than fossil-fuel energy production.
    • C They will soon replace all trees as energy collectors.
    • D They can be built only after solar panels become free.
    • E They may not always be cost-efficient, but they can reduce pollution from energy production.
    • F They make the height of a skyscraper unimportant.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    该项完整保留原文的让步结构:may not always 对应 aren't necessarily,but 保留转折,reduce pollution 对应 much less pollution。它准确表达了绿色建筑的双面评价,即投资回报存在不确定性,但环境效益明确。障碍在于选项没有照搬 fossil fuels 的完整比较结构,考生须理解“污染更少”就是相对于传统能源生产的环境优势。

    转折两端对照 在题干中先抓 suggest about,随后以 green buildings 定位 第3段。最省时的判定不是逐句翻译,而是只扫描 but 两侧:左侧检查成本态度是否带保留,右侧检查污染方向是否为比较减少。正确项同时保留这两个方向,因此可迅速锁定为答案项;含 always、all、free 或完成时事实化的选项可直接淘汰。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. CIS大楼的太阳能改造历程

    这个意群介绍了 Manchester 的 Miller Street 上一座 office tower 从1962年建成时覆盖 thin square stones,到因为 stones 不断 fall off 而进行 major renovation,最终在2004年与 Solar century 合作完成了 Europe's largest collection of vertical solar panels 的 transformation 过程,这是一个 unprecedented 的 large-scale vertical solar project。

    这个意群通过 chronological narrative 的方式,详细交代了 CIS tower 如何从一个存在 structural problem 的 building 转变为 green energy landmark 的完整过程,为主旨中的 transformation 和 Europe's largest vertical solar panel installation 提供了 factual foundation 和 historical context。

    详述改造的时间线和技术细节
  2. CIS大楼的创新性与行业地位

    这个意群 evaluates 了 CIS tower project 的 innovative nature,强调这是 unprecedented achievement (never been done before),因此获得了 recognition as one of the "10 best green energy projects",同时提到它曾是 UK's tallest building 但后来被 Millbank Tower 超越,这些 facts 共同凸显了这个 project 的 pioneering status 和 industry significance。

    这个意群通过 external validation (award recognition) 和 comparative context (height ranking) 来 reinforce 主旨中的 pioneering 这一 key attribute,让 readers 理解这不仅是 technical achievement,更是获得了 industry-wide recognition 的 landmark project,从而增强 main idea 的 credibility 和 significance。

    补充项目的荣誉和地位
  3. 太阳能建筑的经济性与未来展望

    这个意群从 CIS tower 这个 specific case 延伸到 broader implications,讨论了 green buildings 的 cost-efficiency challenge 但同时强调 environmental benefits (much less pollution than fossil fuels),并 predicts 随着 solar panels get cheaper,未来会有 more skyscrapers 采用类似 approach,最后提出一个 visionary concept:skyscrapers 的竞争从 height race 转变为 solar energy collection competition。

    这个意群将主旨中 demonstrates the potential 这一点 fully develop,通过 cost-benefit analysis 和 future projection 来说明 CIS tower 不仅是 isolated achievement,更是 represents a paradigm shift in architecture,为 readers 提供了 broader perspective 来理解这个 project 的 long-term significance 和 transformative potential for the industry。

    拓展至行业趋势和未来愿景
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

5 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 5 步按2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语四级文章。

  1. 首段首句锁定具体对象 P1

    说明文通常在 first paragraph 就会 introduce 核心对象,这篇文章开头直接点明 'An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels',立刻确立了 central subject 是 Manchester 的这座 solar panel tower,而不是泛泛谈论 green energy。

  2. 识别独特性标记 P1

    首段反复强调 'completely covered in solar panels' 和 renovation 的 transformation process,especially 最后一句 'the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest collection of vertical solar panels' 和 'A vertical solar project on such a large scale has never been repeated since',这些表述 highlight 了这座建筑的 unprecedented nature 和 record-breaking status。

  3. 第二段确认重要性 P2

    第二段的 'had never been done before' 和 'chosen as one of the "10 best green energy projects"' 直接 confirm 了这个 project 的 pioneering status 和 significance,与首段的 'Europe's largest' 形成 mutual reinforcement,进一步 establish 这座建筑的 landmark position。

  4. 末段揭示示范价值 P3

    第三段从这个 specific case 延伸到 'the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels' 和 'Imagine a world...',显示文章不只是 describe 一个建筑,而是 present 它作为 potential model 或 demonstration,说明主旨应该包含这个 project 的示范意义 demonstrative value。

  5. 四要素融合主旨 P1 P2 P3

    通过前三步,我们 identified:(1) specific subject = CIS tower in Manchester;(2) unique feature = Europe's largest vertical solar panel installation in 2004;(3) significance = pioneering green energy project;(4) broader implication = demonstrates potential for future skyscrapers。这四个 components 正好构成了 given main idea 的完整 structure。

主旨信号词 completely covered P1 largest P1 never been repeated P1 had never been done before P2 best green energy projects P2

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

曼彻斯特的CIS大厦在2004年成为欧洲最大的垂直太阳能电池板装置,将一座有问题的石材外墙建筑改造成开创性的绿色能源项目,展示了摩天大楼产生清洁太阳能的潜力。
The CIS tower in Manchester became Europe's largest vertical solar panel installation in 2004, transforming a problematic stone-covered building into a pioneering green energy project that demonstrates the potential for skyscrapers to generate clean solar power.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

4 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语四级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • vertical 垂直的;竖直的

    现在我们把三条 clues 串联起来。首先,solar panels cover 了整个 tower building,而 tower 最显著的特征是它的 height。其次,这个 project 的独特之处在于它不同于传统的屋顶 installation。最后,从 morphology 角度,vert- 词根指向 upright 的方向。将这些 evidence 综合起来,vertical 描述的是 solar panels 沿着 building 垂直方向(从下到上)的安装方式,与我们通常看到的水平安装在 roof 上的方式形成对比。

    空间方位词的三维度推断法
  • renovation 翻新;整修;修复

    让我们整合所有的 evidence。Context 告诉我们,renovation 是在 40 years of problems 之后进行的 major intervention。这个 intervention 不仅解决了 falling stones 的问题,还完全改变了 building 的 exterior,用 solar panels 替代了原来的 stones。从 morphology 来看,re- + nov- 的结构明确指向 making something new again 的含义。综合 contextual 和 morphological evidence,renovation 指的是对旧建筑进行大规模的 renewal 和 improvement。

    问题-过程-结果的变革类名词推断框架
  • overtake 超过;超越;赶上

    把两条 clues 结合起来分析。Contextual evidence 显示 overtaken 出现在一个 ranking change 的 scenario 中:原本的 tallest building 失去了这个 title。Morphological analysis 表明 over- + take 的结构本身就携带 surpassing 或 going beyond 的语义。两个角度的 evidence 相互印证,overtaken 表示在某个 dimension(这里是 height)上被 surpass 或 exceed 的状态。

    竞争语境与空间前缀的双向推断法
  • fossil 化石的;古代的

    整合三个层面的 evidence。首先,binary opposition 告诉我们 fossil fuels 是 solar energy 的 opposite,意味着它们是 non-renewable。其次,environmental perspective 强调 fossil fuels cause pollution,与 green energy 的 clean nature 相对。第三,collocation pattern 暗示 fossil 描述的是 coal、oil 等 traditional fuels 的共同属性。综合这些 clues,fossil 指的是这些 fuels 来源于 ancient times 的特征,即 formed from ancient organic remains。

    价值对立-功能特征-搭配模式的三层推断策略
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 列数字

    P1 P2

    文章通过 precise numerical data 来建立 credibility 和 specificity。首先提到 1962 年 the tower was first constructed,然后说明 these stones continued to fall off for 40 years,接着指出 in 2004 成为 Europe's largest collection,这些 specific dates 和 time spans 不仅让 the transformation timeline 变得清晰,更通过 quantifiable information 凸显了这个 renovation project 的 historical significance 和 unprecedented scale。这种 numerical precision 强化了文章主旨中 pioneering 这一核心特质。

    信号词 1962 40 years 2004 10 best Europe's largest never been repeated since

    仿写: 当你要 describe 一个 project 或 phenomenon 时,问自己:What specific numbers can anchor this description? 比如不说 "a long time",而说 "over 40 years";不说 "recently",而说 "in 2004"。仿写模版:[Topic] + [具体动作/状态] + [精确数字/时间] + [结果/意义]。Example: The research team collected samples from 127 different locations over a period of 18 months, establishing the most comprehensive dataset in this field.

  • 作比较

    P1 P2 P3

    作者通过 comparison 来凸显 the CIS tower 的 uniqueness 和 significance。在 第1段 中,对比了 original stone covering 和 new solar panel covering,展示 the transformation;在 第2段 中,与 the Millbank Tower 进行 height comparison,虽然 eventually overtaken,但这个 contrast 反而强调了 its pioneering green energy status was more important than height;在 第3段 中,most notably 的是将 skyscrapers covered in solar panels 比作 trees collecting energy,这个 comparison 不仅生动地 illustrate 了 energy collection mechanism,更暗示了 a sustainable future vision。这些 comparisons 共同服务于主旨中 pioneering 和 potential 的表达。

    信号词 like rather one to wasn't a race of height, but much less pollution than eventually overtaken by

    仿写: 写作时寻找 comparative anchors:What can I compare this to? 可以是 before-and-after contrast,可以是 size/scale comparison,也可以是 analogical comparison。关键是选择 meaningful reference points that resonate with readers。仿写模版:[主体A] + [特征/行为] + [对比连接词] + [主体B] + [对应特征/行为]。Example: Unlike traditional power plants that require constant fuel input, solar installations generate electricity passively, much like how plants photosynthesize without active intervention.

  • 下定义

    P1 P3

    虽然文中没有 formal definition sentences,但作者 implicitly defines what constitutes a "green building" 和 "vertical solar panel project"。通过 descriptive explanation,readers understand that green buildings 是那些 produce much less pollution through renewable energy 的建筑;vertical solar panel project 则是指 covering entire building facades with solar panels 而不仅仅是 rooftop installation。这种 definitional clarification 对于主旨中 pioneering green energy project 的理解至关重要,它 establishes the criteria 让读者明白 why this tower is significant。

    信号词 is are used to became is likely to

    仿写: 当 introducing specialized terms or concepts 时,provide working definitions either explicitly ("X is defined as...") 或 contextually (通过 descriptive details that reveal essential features)。问自己:What does the reader need to know to understand this term in my context? 仿写模版:[概念] + [核心特征1] + [核心特征2] + [与相关概念的区别]。Example: Smart cities integrate digital technology into urban infrastructure to optimize resource use and improve quality of life, distinguishing them from traditional cities that rely solely on physical infrastructure.

  • 举例子

    P1 P2 P3

    整个 CIS tower 本身就是一个 exemplary case study,用来 illustrate the potential of green building technology。作者没有 abstract discussion,而是通过 this specific tower 来 demonstrate what's possible。在 第2段 中,提到它 was chosen as one of "10 best green energy projects",这本身 positions it as an example among examples。在 第3段,作者用 this case 来 project future possibilities ("the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels")。这个 concrete example 让主旨中的 pioneering 和 potential 不再是 empty claims,而是有 tangible evidence 支撑。

    信号词 such as for example for instance like one of

    仿写: 选择 representative and compelling examples that embody your main point。不要只 state the example,要 connect it explicitly to your larger argument:这个 example demonstrates what, proves what, illustrates what? 仿写模版:[General claim/principle] + [Specific example with details] + [Explicit connection back to the claim]。Example: Renewable energy integration faces significant challenges in existing infrastructure. The German Energiewende illustrates this struggle: despite massive investments, the country still relies on coal plants during peak demand periods, demonstrating that technological capability alone cannot overcome systemic inertia.

  • 作诠释

    P3

    在 第3段,作者对 green buildings 进行了 interpretative explanation:"aren't necessarily cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution"。这不仅是 stating facts,而是 interpreting the value proposition,clarifying that the significance lies not in immediate financial return but in environmental benefit。接着,作者进一步 interpret the future implications:"Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of height, but rather one to collect the most solar energy",这个 interpretation shifts the paradigm of architectural achievement。这些 interpretations 深化了主旨中 potential 的含义,从 technical feasibility 提升到 philosophical shift in priorities。

    信号词 but rather Imagine a world where is likely to This suggests The significance

    仿写: After presenting facts or examples,pause to interpret their significance。问自己:So what? What does this mean? Why does this matter? 使用 interpretative phrases like "This suggests that...", "The significance lies in...", "This represents...", "What this means is..."。仿写模版:[Fact/observation] + [Interpretative connector] + [Deeper meaning/implication] + [Broader significance]。Example: Studies show that urban green spaces reduce ambient temperatures by 2-3 degrees. This represents more than mere cooling; it suggests a cost-effective strategy for climate adaptation that simultaneously addresses public health, energy consumption, and quality of life in dense urban environments.

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

4 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 石板脱落问题的严重性和持续性

    P1
    continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was undertaken

    持续性动词 continued to fall off continued to kept on remained persisted in went on carried on

    这里的 'continued to fall off for 40 years' 表面上只是在 state a fact,但实际上 imply 了原来的 stone facade 是个 major flaw,这个 persistent problem 使得 renovation 变成了 necessity 而不是 option。这个言外之意对 main idea 的作用是:establish 了采用 solar panels 的 strong rationale——不仅是为了 green energy,更是为了 solve 一个长达四十年的 structural problem。这让整个 transformation 显得更有 practical value,而不只是 environmental gesture。

  • 垂直太阳能项目规模的独特性和难度

    P1
    A vertical solar project on such a large scale has never been repeated since

    否定性极端表达 never been repeated since never been repeated never been done before unprecedented no one has since remains the only unmatched

    表面上 'never been repeated since' 只是在 describe a fact of uniqueness,但 implication 是这个 vertical solar installation 非常 challenging——无论是在 technical complexity, financial investment 还是 risk management 方面。没有其他 building 去 replicate 它,说明这不是 easily reproducible 的 solution。这个言外之意对 main idea 的 contribution 在于:它 elevate 了 CIS tower 的 pioneering status,让这个 project 不仅是 'first' 而且是 'exceptionally difficult',从而 strengthen 它作为 green energy milestone 的 significance。同时也 subtle 地 hint at 为什么 paragraph 3 会说需要 solar panels get cheaper——因为 current cost 和 complexity 仍是 major barriers。

  • 绿色建筑的投资回报问题

    P3
    Green buildings like this aren't necessarily cost-efficient for the investor

    双重否定/模糊限制语 aren't necessarily not always may not doesn't necessarily mean not entirely hardly scarcely

    这个 'aren't necessarily cost-efficient' 表面上是 mild observation,但实际 implication 是 green buildings like CIS tower 通常 economically challenging for investors——initial investment high, payback period long, financial return uncertain。Author 用 'aren't necessarily' 这种 soft negation 而不是直接说 'are expensive' 或 'lose money',是为了 maintain balanced tone 同时 acknowledge real economic barriers。这个言外之意对 article theme 很 critical:它 explain 了为什么尽管 CIS tower technically successful,但 'never been repeated'——economic viability 是个 major concern。同时它也 set up 了 paragraph 后半部分关于 'as solar panels get cheaper' 的 hope,暗示 cost issue 是阻碍 widespread adoption 的 key factor。这让 main idea 更 realistic and nuanced——pioneering project 值得 celebrate,但 scalability 仍需 technological advancement。

  • 传统摩天大楼竞争模式的局限性

    P3
    Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of height, but rather one to collect the most solar energy

    反事实虚拟/对比性假设 Imagine a world where What if Suppose that Consider a scenario where Envision a future where Picture a situation where If only

    这句 'Imagine a world where' 表面上是 propose 一个 utopian vision of future skyscrapers,但其 deep implication 是对 current skyscraper culture 的 critique:现在的 height competition 是 superficial, ego-driven, and environmentally irresponsible。通过 contrast 'race of height' with 'collect solar energy',author 暗示传统的 architectural ambition 缺乏 meaningful purpose and environmental consciousness。这个言外之意对 main idea 的 role 是 elevate CIS tower 的 significance beyond just 'largest vertical solar installation'——它 represent 了一种 fundamentally different value system,一种 shift from vanity metrics to functional sustainability。最后一段用这个 vision 来 conclude,实际上是说 CIS tower 虽然是 isolated example,但它 point toward 一个更 responsible 的 future direction。这让整篇文章的 message 从 describing one building 升华到 questioning industry values,增强了 persuasive power and broader relevance。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:积极支持

结论先行:本文作者态度为积极支持( Optimistic and Supportive)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 定位结尾段的展望性语言 P3

    说明文的 concluding section 往往从 factual presentation 转向 implication 和 future outlook,这个 transition 是作者 attitude 最 explicit 的地方,能够 directly reflect 他们对 topic 的 evaluation。

  2. 识别正面评价性词汇的密度 P1 P2 P3

    在 expository writing 中,虽然作者力求 objective,但是 word choice 仍然会 betray 他们的 attitude。像 'best'、'major'、'completely' 这样的 intensifiers 和 superlatives 都不是 neutral terms,它们 indicate 作者认为某事 noteworthy 或 significant。

  3. 对比问题与潜力的篇幅分配 P3

    作者对 positive aspects 和 negative aspects 的 space allocation 和 emphasis degree 能够 reflect 他们的 overall stance。如果作者用 brief mention 带过 limitations('aren't necessarily cost-efficient'),但用 extended discussion 来 elaborate benefits 和 future possibilities,这种 asymmetric treatment 说明作者的 attitude leans positive。

  4. 整合词汇、结构与修辞的态度信号 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的 author attitude 往往 embedded in seemingly objective presentation 中,所以需要 synthesize multiple linguistic cues。当 positive descriptors、asymmetric treatment of pros/cons、以及 forward-looking optimism 三者 converge 时,就能 confidently conclude 作者持 supportive attitude。

文中的态度信号词

  • best P2

    这个 superlative adjective 'best' 是在 describe CIS tower 被 chosen as '10 best green energy projects' 之一,说明作者认为这个 project 具有 exceptional value,而不是 merely presenting a fact。在说明文中使用 'best' 这样的 absolute term 表明作者在 endorse 这个 innovation 的 significance。

    同类词 finest top leading premier excellent

  • completely P1

    这个 intensifier 'completely' 用来 modify 'covered in solar panels',强调了 coverage 的 totality 和 thoroughness。这种 absolute term 的使用 conveys 作者对这个 ambitious scale 的 impressed reaction,而非 neutral observation。

    同类词 entirely fully totally wholly absolutely

  • largest P1

    'Largest' 这个 superlative 用来 describe CIS tower 成为 Europe's largest collection of vertical solar panels,将这个 achievement 置于 record-breaking status。作者选择 highlight 这个 scale milestone 说明他们认为这个 project 具有 pioneering significance。

    同类词 biggest greatest most extensive most significant most substantial

  • much less P3

    'Much less pollution' 这个 comparative structure 用 intensifier 'much' 来 amplify 'less' 的程度,强调 environmental benefit 的 magnitude。这种 emphatic comparison 显示作者认为 pollution reduction 是 major advantage,而不是 marginal improvement。

    同类词 far less significantly less considerably less substantially less dramatically less

  • likely to P3

    'Likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels' 这个 predictive phrase 表明作者对 future trend 持 confident 和 optimistic view。使用 'likely' 而非 'might' 或 'could' 显示作者认为这个 development is probable,not just possible。

    同类词 probably will expected to bound to set to poised to

  • Imagine P3

    'Imagine a world where...' 这个 imperative invitation 是 rhetorical device,用来 engage readers 去 visualize 一个 desirable future scenario。这种 imaginative appeal 明显超越了 neutral exposition,是作者在 advocate 某种 vision 和 inspire readers。

    同类词 Envision Picture Consider Think of Visualize

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语四级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文?

  1. 首句直陈说明对象 P1

    说明文的 opening 通常直接 present 说明对象(这里是 'An office tower'),用 descriptive language 展开,而议论文会先抛出 claim 或 controversial issue,新闻报道则强调 timeliness 和 who-what-when-where

  2. 段落功能为信息分类 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的 body 会系统地 explain 对象的 various aspects(这里是 history of renovation、technical details、scale),用 timeline ('in 1962', 'for 40 years', 'in 2004') 和 factual statements,而议论文会用 reasoning chains 和 counterarguments,新闻会 focus on recent events 和 stakeholder quotes

  3. 客观中性语气为主 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的 tone 是 neutral explanation('They are used to create', 'it does produce'),没有 strong evaluative words;议论文会用 'must', 'should', 'obviously' 这类 persuasive markers;新闻会用 'breaking', 'shocking', 'sources say' 这类 immediacy indicators

  4. 三维特征综合验证 P1 P2 P3

    本文完整展示了说明文的 core characteristics:用 descriptive opening 引入 CIS tower 这个 specific object,通过 chronological 和 categorical information 解释它的 history、features、significance,保持 objective tone 传递 knowledge,最后用 future speculation 延伸 topic 而非 push agenda 或 conclude news event

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁?

  • is completely covered in P1 事物属性功能描述词 is covered in is made of consists of is composed of contains
  • are used to P1 事物属性功能描述词 is used to serves to functions as is designed to is intended for
  • When the tower was first constructed P1 说明顺序与例证词 when during in [year] initially originally
  • During this renovation P1 说明顺序与例证词 during throughout in the course of in the process of while
  • became Europe's largest P1 事物属性功能描述词 became turned into transformed into evolved into developed into
  • on such a large scale P1 事物属性功能描述词 of this magnitude to this extent on this level of this size at this capacity
  • was chosen as P2 事物属性功能描述词 was selected as was designated as was recognized as was named as was classified as
  • Green buildings like this P3 说明对象定义解释词 buildings like this structures such as systems of this kind technologies like these projects of this type
  • As solar panels get cheaper P3 说明顺序与例证词 as [condition develops] when [situation changes] with [development] given that provided that
  • the world is likely to see P3 事物属性功能描述词 is likely to is expected to will probably may see could witness
  • Imagine a world where P3 说明顺序与例证词 imagine picture envision consider think of
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

5 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 的常见问题

2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章的主旨是什么?
曼彻斯特的CIS大厦在2004年成为欧洲最大的垂直太阳能电池板装置,将一座有问题的石材外墙建筑改造成开创性的绿色能源项目,展示了摩天大楼产生清洁太阳能的潜力。(英文表述:The CIS tower in Manchester became Europe's largest vertical solar panel installation in 2004, transforming a problematic stone-covered building into a pioneering green energy project that demonstrates the potential for skyscrapers to generate clean solar power.)
2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为说明文,作者立场是积极支持(Optimistic and Supportive)。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 246 词、3 段;在英语四级全部 511 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 234 篇(占 46%)。
2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 3 段按说明文骨架分为 3 个意群:第1段——CIS大楼的太阳能改造历程;第2段——CIS大楼的创新性与行业地位;第3段——太阳能建筑的经济性与未来展望。
2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是积极支持(Optimistic and Supportive)。判断路径:定位结尾段的展望性语言 → 识别正面评价性词汇的密度 → 对比问题与潜力的篇幅分配 → 整合词汇、结构与修辞的态度信号;文中的态度信号词包括 best(第2段)、completely(第1段)、largest(第1段)、much less(第3段)、likely to(第3段)、Imagine(第3段)。
2018年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part III Section A 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 4 个:vertical(垂直的;竖直的)、renovation(翻新;整修;修复)、overtake(超过;超越;赶上)、fossil(化石的;古代的),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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