2018年12月·第2套英语四级写作 · 题目、范文与解析
本页是 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作 的写作真题页(四六级短文写作)—— 与试卷排版同一卷面:完整写作要求(Directions,词数要求 120–180 词)连续排印 ,卷面下方直接给出参考范文(159 词)与整篇中译、逐段拆解,另附审题立意、谋篇句架与评分自检 。
写作题和范文
本页写作题面、参考范文与逐段解析由懒笔记基于2018年12月·第2套 英语四级写作原卷整理。与试卷排版同一卷面:完整写作要求(Directions,含主题、文体、词数与署名约束)连续排印。写作是生产性任务、无 ABCD 标准答案——题面即整道题;卷面下方直接给出满足全部硬约束的参考范文、整篇中译与逐段拆解。
【参考范文 · 159 词】写作无唯一标准答案,以下为达标示范
An increasing number of Chinese students choose to pursue their degrees overseas every year. While studying abroad broadens one's horizons, it also confronts young people with a series of tough challenges that should not be underestimated.
To begin with, the language barrier is perhaps the most immediate obstacle. Many students struggle to adapt to lectures delivered at native speed, and following classroom discussions can be exhausting. What's more, cultural differences often leave newcomers confused; from dining habits to ways of communicating, everything demands time to get used to. In addition, being far from family frequently triggers homesickness and loneliness, especially during festivals when there is no one familiar around to share the moment.
In my view, these difficulties, though real, are far from insurmountable. As long as we keep an open mind, reach out for help actively and give ourselves time to adjust, we can gradually overcome them and turn the experience abroad into a rewarding journey of growth.
【参考译文】
每年都有越来越多的中国学生选择出国深造。留学固然能开阔一个人的眼界,但它也让年轻人面对一连串不可小看的现实挑战。
首先,语言障碍或许是最直接的一道坎。许多学生难以适应以母语速度进行的课堂讲授,跟上课堂讨论也令人疲惫。此外,文化差异常让新生手足无措;从饮食习惯到与人交往的方式,一切都需要时间去适应。再者,远离家人常常引发思乡与孤独,尤其是在节日里,身边没有一个熟悉的人可以分享此刻。
在我看来,这些困难虽然真实,却远非不可逾越。只要我们保持开放的心态、主动寻求帮助、给自己时间去调整,就能逐步克服它们,把这段留学经历变成一次有收获的成长之旅。
【第 1 段】现象加转折点题。首段用 An increasing number of Chinese students... 白描现象,再以 While studying abroad broadens one's horizons, it also confronts... 让步转折,落到 a series of tough challenges,一句点住 the challenges of studying abroad,全段无一句好处铺陈跑题。
【第 2 段】信号词串三类挑战。主体段用 To begin with / What's more / In addition 三个信号词分领语言、文化、思乡三类挑战;每类都跟一句场景解释(如 struggle to adapt to lectures、especially during festivals),做到有点有据、层次分明,而非只丢名词的提纲。
【第 3 段】让步加建议收束。尾段先 these difficulties, though real, are far from insurmountable 让步承认,再用 As long as we... we can gradually overcome them 给出应对,overcome 呼应前文挑战,把留学升华为 a rewarding journey of growth,扣回中心。
这道题到底要写什么、立意是什么
动笔前先钉死本题的核心写作任务与读者语域 ,再定中心立意与要展开的要点 —— 这些是本题特有的内容判断,不是通用套路。
议论'留学的挑战'这一面
题目要求 write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad,核心是 the challenges of studying abroad。注意限定词是 challenges(挑战/困难),不是好处、也不是'要不要去'的利弊权衡——任务就是集中写清楚留学会遇到哪些困难。这是四级最典型的'主题论说'小作文,围绕一个话题的一个侧面展开即可。
面向阅卷人的正式书面语
本题是无具体收信人的议论小作文,write a short essay 里的 essay 说明是短文而非书信,因此不需要称呼、落款,也不必设定虚拟读者。语域按'面向阅卷人的正式书面语'处理即可:用完整句、避免口语缩略堆砌与网络用语,第一人称可用于结尾表态(In my view),但通篇保持得体、客观的书面语气。
留学挑战真实存在但可克服
全篇中心:出国留学在带来成长的同时,也让学生面对语言、文化与心理等多重现实困难,但这些困难并非不可逾越。中心句紧扣 the challenges of studying abroad,先承认挑战真实存在(保证不跑题写成好处),再暗含一个可应对的态度,为尾段收束埋线。
- 语言障碍 第一类挑战:语言关。用英语听全速课堂讲授、跟上小组讨论并非易事,学生常 struggle to adapt to(难以适应)纯英语环境,这是最直接、最先撞上的困难。
- 文化适应 第二类挑战:文化差异。从饮食习惯到与人交往的方式都与国内不同,新生需要时间去适应(cultural differences),一时难以融入本地圈子。
- 思乡与孤独 第三类挑战:心理层面的孤独与思乡。远离家人,逢年过节身边没有熟悉的人,homesickness(想家)与 loneliness(孤独)容易袭来,这是许多留学生最难熬的一关。
怎么分段、每段写什么、能套哪些句架
按写作家族给出现成的段落框架(每段承担什么功能),并为每段配可直接套用的 功能句架(留出填本题内容的空位)。段序与上方参考范文一一对应。
- 第 1 段 引出现象并点题 首段:由'越来越多人出国留学'这一现象切入,用让步转折点出中心——留学也伴随一系列不可小看的挑战,扣住 the challenges of studying abroad。
- 第 2 段 分类列举并展开挑战 主体段:用 to begin with / what's more / in addition 领起语言障碍、文化适应、思乡孤独三类挑战,每类跟一句解释或具体场景,做到有点有据、层次分明。
- 第 3 段 表态收束给建议 尾段:承认困难真实但可克服,给出保持开放心态、主动求助、给自己时间适应的应对态度,把留学升华为成长之旅,呼应中心收尾。
写出:每年越来越多的中国学生选择出国深造;留学虽拓宽视野,却也让年轻人面对一连串不可低估的现实挑战,紧扣 the challenges of studying abroad 定下全文基调。
- 现象引入 An increasing number of ___ choose to ___ every year. (用递增趋势句白描现象,空位填主体与行为)
- 让步转折点题 While ___ brings ___, it also confronts ___ with a series of tough challenges. (前半让步说好处,后半转折引出挑战,避免跑题)
写出三类具体挑战:一是语言障碍,跟不上全速英语课堂与讨论(struggle to adapt to);二是文化差异,从饮食到交往方式都需时间适应;三是远离家人带来的 homesickness 与 loneliness,尤其逢节倍增。每类配一句场景解释,不做提纲式罗列。
- 分类信号词 To begin with, ___. What's more, ___. In addition, ___. (三个信号词分别领起三类要点,让层次分明)
- 困难表达升级 Many students struggle to adapt to ___, and ___ can be exhausting. (用 struggle to adapt to 替代反复出现的 difficult/hard)
- 举例场景支撑 ___, especially during ___ when ___. (用 especially / such as 引具体场景,把空泛的挑战落到细节上)
写出应对态度:这些挑战虽真实存在却并非不可逾越;只要保持开放心态、主动寻求帮助、给自己时间适应,就能逐步克服(overcome),把留学变成一段有收获的成长经历,呼应中心收尾。
- 让步承接 In my view, these difficulties, though real, are far from insurmountable. (先承认困难真实,再否定其不可克服,态度稳健)
- 条件式给建议 As long as we ___, ___ and ___, we can gradually overcome them. (用 as long as 提出应对条件,overcome 收束呼应挑战)
本题在四个评分维度怎样算达标、容易在哪丢分
按阅卷四维(内容切题 / 结构连贯 / 语言准确 / 字数格式)给出本题达标要点,并把最容易踩的低分写法摆出来 + 给改法 —— 这是写作版的「狠拆诱人错项」。
- 内容切题 全篇只谈挑战 本题达标关键是通篇紧扣 the challenges of studying abroad,只谈困难、不写好处或利弊权衡;最易失分处是主体段某句不自觉滑向'留学的收获'而稀释了'挑战'这一核心。
- 结构连贯 信号词串起要点 本题主体段并列三类挑战,务必用 to begin with / what's more / in addition 领起,让并列关系显性化;最易失分处是三条挑战直接堆叠、缺过渡,读起来像散点而非有序论证。
- 语言准确 困难表达要多样 本题达标要点是围绕'困难与应对'用词多样:struggle to adapt to、cope with、overcome、homesickness、cultural differences 交替使用;最易失分处是全篇只会 difficult/hard,显得词汇贫乏。
- 字数格式 落在规定区间内 本题须满足 at least 120 words but no more than 180 words,格式是短文无需称呼落款;最易失分处是内容太单薄不足下限,或某类挑战展开过长导致超上限,两头都扣分。
- 写成留学好处 反面示例:'Studying abroad can improve our English and broaden our horizons, so more and more students go abroad.' 这是在写好处、彻底偏题。应改为:'Studying abroad exposes students to a language barrier that makes even daily communication stressful.'(扣住挑战)。
- 只罗列不展开 反面示例:'There are many challenges, such as language, culture, money and homesickness.' 只堆名词、空洞如提纲。应改为:'Homesickness hits hardest during festivals, when students have no family around to celebrate with.'(把一条挑战写具体)。
- 通篇泛泛无细节 反面示例:'Life abroad is very hard and everything is difficult for students.' 空洞无支撑。应改为:'Following a fast-paced lecture in English can be so exhausting that students miss half of the key points.'(补上具体场景)。
- 反复只用difficult 反面示例:'It is difficult to study, difficult to live and difficult to make friends.' 单调重复。应改为:'Students often struggle to adapt to a new culture and find it tough to make friends.'(换用多样表达)。
常见问题
围绕本题的写作题目与要求、作文类型、立意要点、参考范文、谋篇分段与评分丢分,逐条给出可核对的答案。
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作的写作题目是什么?要求写多少字?
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作(Part I)的写作要求为:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 本题要求120–180 词。
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作属于哪种类型的作文、有什么格式要求?
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作 是四六级短文写作(议论 / 应用文 / 报告等短文)。写作要求120–180 词。
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作(议论'留学的挑战'这一面)应该怎么立意、写哪几个要点?
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作的中心立意是全篇中心:出国留学在带来成长的同时,也让学生面对语言、文化与心理等多重现实困难,但这些困难并非不可逾越。中心句紧扣 the challenges of studying abroad,先承认挑战真实存在(保证不跑题写成好处),再暗含一个可应对的态度,为尾段收束埋线。可展开的要点:第一类挑战:语言关。用英语听全速课堂讲授、跟上小组讨论并非易事,学生常 struggle to adapt to(难以适应)纯英语环境,这是最直接、最先撞上的困难;第二类挑战:文化差异。从饮食习惯到与人交往的方式都与国内不同,新生需要时间去适应(cultural differences),一时难以融入本地圈子;第三类挑战:心理层面的孤独与思乡。远离家人,逢年过节身边没有熟悉的人,homesickness(想家)与 loneliness(孤独)容易袭来,这是许多留学生最难熬的一关。
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作(议论'留学的挑战'这一面)的参考范文是怎样的?多少词?
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作的参考范文(159 词):An increasing number of Chinese students choose to pursue their degrees overseas every year. While studying abroad broadens one's horizons, it also confronts young people with a series of tough challenges that should not be underestimated. To begin with, the language barrier is perhaps the most immediate obstacle. Many students struggle to adapt to lectures delivered at native speed, and following classroom discussions can be exhausting. What's more, cultural differences often leave newcomers confused; from dining habits to ways of communicating, everything demands time to get used to. In addition, being far from family frequently triggers homesickness and loneliness, especially during festivals when there is no one familiar around to share the moment. In my view, these difficulties, though real, are far from insurmountable. As long as we keep an open mind, reach out for help actively and give ourselves time to adjust, we can gradually overcome them and turn the experience abroad into a rewarding journey of growth.
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作(议论'留学的挑战'这一面)这篇作文怎么分段、每段写什么?
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作的参考范文共 3 段:第 1 段(引出现象并点题)首段:由'越来越多人出国留学'这一现象切入,用让步转折点出中心——留学也伴随一系列不可小看的挑战,扣住 the challenges of studying abroad;第 2 段(分类列举并展开挑战)主体段:用 to begin with / what's more / in addition 领起语言障碍、文化适应、思乡孤独三类挑战,每类跟一句解释或具体场景,做到有点有据、层次分明;第 3 段(表态收束给建议)尾段:承认困难真实但可克服,给出保持开放心态、主动求助、给自己时间适应的应对态度,把留学升华为成长之旅,呼应中心收尾。
- 2018年12月英语四级真题第2套 写作(议论'留学的挑战'这一面)作文容易在哪丢分?
- 按内容切题 / 结构连贯 / 语言准确 / 字数格式四维评分,本题达标要点:内容切题——本题达标关键是通篇紧扣 the challenges of studying abroad,只谈困难、不写好处或利弊权衡;最易失分处是主体段某句不自觉滑向'留学的收获'而稀释了'挑战'这一核心;结构连贯——本题主体段并列三类挑战,务必用 to begin with / what's more / in addition 领起,让并列关系显性化;最易失分处是三条挑战直接堆叠、缺过渡,读起来像散点而非有序论证;语言准确——本题达标要点是围绕'困难与应对'用词多样:struggle to adapt to、cope with、overcome、homesickness、cultural differences 交替使用;最易失分处是全篇只会 difficult/hard,显得词汇贫乏;字数格式——本题须满足 at least 120 words but no more than 180 words,格式是短文无需称呼落款;最易失分处是内容太单薄不足下限,或某类挑战展开过长导致超上限,两头都扣分。 典型低分写法(须避免):反面示例:'Studying abroad can improve our English and broaden our horizons, so more and more students go abroad.' 这是在写好处、彻底偏题。应改为:'Studying abroad exposes students to a language barrier that makes even daily communication stressful.'(扣住挑战);反面示例:'There are many challenges, such as language, culture, money and homesickness.' 只堆名词、空洞如提纲。应改为:'Homesickness hits hardest during festivals, when students have no family around to celebrate with.'(把一条挑战写具体);反面示例:'Life abroad is very hard and everything is difficult for students.' 空洞无支撑。应改为:'Following a fast-paced lecture in English can be so exhausting that students miss half of the key points.'(补上具体场景);反面示例:'It is difficult to study, difficult to live and difficult to make friends.' 单调重复。应改为:'Students often struggle to adapt to a new culture and find it tough to make friends.'(换用多样表达)。