2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1)

作者在 第4段 中通过 concrete examples 来说明 life experiences、physical conditions 和 personality traits 这些 factors 如何影响 career choices。比如提到 traveling overseas、first aid license 这些 specific qualifications，还有 allergic to cats 的人不适合当 animal doctor，以及 flight attendants 和 firefighters 需要满足 height requirements。这些 vivid examples 让抽象的 career selection criteria 变得 tangible and relatable，帮助读者 understand 如何 assess their own suitability for different jobs，directly supports 文章关于要 carefully consider personal attributes 的 main point。

信号词 for example for instance such as like including take...for example a case in point is to illustrate namely

仿写： 当你想 explain 某个 general concept 时，不妨问自己：能否找到 one or two concrete cases 来 demonstrate this point？比如你在讨论 healthy lifestyle 时，与其说 'people should exercise'，不如写 'For instance, jogging for 30 minutes daily can improve cardiovascular health'。模版可以是：【陈述观点】+ For example/For instance/Such as + 【具体案例1】+ 【具体案例2（可选）】+ 【案例如何支持观点】。记住 examples 要 specific enough to be memorable，同时 relevant to your main argument。

在 第3段 中，作者将 choosing a career 这个 complex process 比作 going to the movies，这是一个 extended analogy。首先是 find out what films are showing 对应 discover available jobs，然后 decide which movie you like best 对应 determine which job suits your personality，最后 get tickets and find the theater 对应 find information about how to get that job。这个 movie-going comparison 把一个可能让人 feel overwhelmed 的 career decision process 转化为 familiar and manageable steps。因为每个人都有 movie-going experience，这个 relatable analogy 降低了 psychological barriers，makes the career planning process seem less daunting，perfectly serves 文章想要 provide practical guidance 的 purpose。

信号词 like as similar to compared to is like can be compared to resembles analogous to in the same way just as

仿写： 选择 analogy 时要考虑：你的 target audience 对什么 familiar？什么 everyday experience 能够 parallel 你要解释的 concept？比如 explaining internet security，你可以说 'Using a VPN is like sending mail in a sealed envelope rather than a postcard'。模版是：【抽象概念A】+ is like/can be compared to + 【熟悉事物B】+ 【展开相似点1】+ 【展开相似点2】+ 【说明这个比较如何帮助理解】。关键是 find genuine similarities，avoid forcing comparisons that don't truly fit，否则会 confuse rather than clarify。

在 第2段 中作者提到 'Your working life lasts an average of forty years'，这个 precise numerical data 直接 quantifies 一个人的 working lifespan。这个 specific figure 非常 powerful，因为它让 career choice 的 importance 变得 concrete and undeniable。40年不是个小数字，它 represents 几乎 half of a person's lifetime，这个 statistical fact 有力地 supports 作者关于 'it's important to find a job you like' 的 argument。通过 presenting hard numbers，作者 adds weight and credibility to the claim，让 readers realize the long-term consequences of their career decisions。

信号词 average approximately about percent % nearly over more than less than statistics show

仿写： 使用 numbers 时要确保它们 relevant and meaningful。不要 just throw in statistics，要 explain their significance。比如写 'Students spend approximately 15,000 hours in school from kindergarten to high school graduation—that's nearly two full years of continuous time'，这样 contextualizes the number。模版：【陈述观点】+ 【精确数字】+ 【数字的含义或影响】。记住 choose numbers that truly illuminate your point，preferably from reliable sources，并且要 interpret them 让 readers understand why these numbers matter。有时 comparing numbers 也很有效，比如 'while X is only 5%, Y reaches 45%'，这种 contrast 能 highlight differences dramatically。

在 第3段 中作者使用 contrasting example：'If you're not a romantic person, you won't want to see a love story'，这个 negative comparison 说明 personal preference 和 choice 之间的 mismatch 会导致 dissatisfaction。然后作者 draw parallel：'In other words, with your career, you should decide which job will suit your personality'。这个 comparison 通过 movie preference 和 career selection 的 juxtaposition，highlight 了 personality-job fit 的 crucial importance。通过 showing what happens when preferences don't align（不喜欢浪漫却看爱情片），作者 emphasizes 为什么要 carefully match career to personality，这 reinforces 文章的 central message about thoughtful career planning。

信号词 compared to in contrast while whereas unlike on the other hand similarly in the same way in other words however

仿写： Effective comparison 需要 choose comparable items that illuminate your point。可以是 positive comparison（showing similarities）或 negative comparison（showing differences）。比如 'Learning a language is unlike memorizing vocabulary; it's like learning to swim—you need practice, not just theory'。模版：【事物A】+ unlike/while/whereas/compared to + 【事物B】+ 【关键差异或相似点】+ 【这种比较说明什么】。记住 comparison 要 serve your argument，不是为了 compare 而 compare。选择的 comparison points 要 meaningful and relevant，能够 genuinely help readers see your subject from a new angle or understand it more deeply。

虽然文章没有 formal dictionary-style definition，但在 第2段 中作者 implicitly defines what makes a career choice 'right'：'it's important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about'。这个 operational definition 说明 right career 不仅仅是 financially rewarding，更要 emotionally fulfilling。作者通过 contrast（people stuck in jobs they hate vs. finding work you're enthusiastic about）来 clarify 这个 definition 的 boundaries。这个 definition sets the foundation for the entire article，因为后续所有的 advice and steps 都是为了 help readers find this kind of fulfilling career，directly supports 文章关于 thoughtful career planning 的 thesis。

信号词 is defined as means refers to is can be understood as in other words that is namely essentially

仿写： 写 definition 时要 beyond simple dictionary explanations。可以用 functional definition（what it does）、operational definition（how you recognize it）、或 stipulative definition（how you're using this term）。比如 'A good leader isn't just someone with authority; it's someone who inspires others, listens actively, and takes responsibility for outcomes'。模版：【概念】+ is/means/refers to + 【核心特征1】+ and/but + 【核心特征2】+ 【边界或反例（可选）】。关键是 make your definition useful for your specific purpose，不必追求 universal completeness，而要 serve your argument。有时 negative definition（说明不是什么）也很有效，helps readers avoid misconceptions。

在 第4段 中作者 systematically categorizes the factors that affect career choices into distinct types：life experiences（travel, certificates），physical state（allergies, height, fitness），和 personality traits（outgoing vs. shy，preference for working alone vs. teamwork）。这个 clear categorization 把 complex career considerations 分解为 manageable categories，helps readers systematically evaluate themselves。通过 organizing information into categories，作者 provides a structured framework for self-assessment，makes the overwhelming task of career selection more approachable。这种 classification directly supports 文章的 practical guidance purpose，让 readers 知道 exactly what aspects to consider when making career decisions。

信号词 types of kinds of categories can be divided into fall into classified as there are several include such as consists of

仿写： 创建 classification 时要确保 categories are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive（if appropriate）。确定 classification basis（按什么标准分类），然后 consistently apply it。比如 'Communication skills fall into three types: verbal (speaking clearly), non-verbal (body language), and written (email, reports)'。模版：【总体概念】+ can be divided into/fall into + 【类别1】+ 【类别2】+ 【类别3】+ 【各类别的特征或例子】。记住 explain why this classification matters，不要只是 list categories。好的 classification 应该 reveal something meaningful about the subject，help readers organize their thinking，或 enable them to take action based on understanding different types。