懒笔记
2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2)
CET-6 · 来自 2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 · Part II Section C (2) · 听力

2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2)

说明文 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 405 词、3 段，CEFR 难度 B2（B2 级在英语六级文章中占 39%），作者立场为「积极支持」；英文原文之外，本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开，其中能迁移到其他英语六级真题文章的判断方法（篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判）随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号（P1）都可以点——点一下，原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段，解析引用的原文同步标亮；合上原文，你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 的听力原文，共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析（结构、逐段、修辞、自检题）都以它为坐标回指原文，点击解析里的段号，原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮；合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态，不带翻译与标注。

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. And welcome to the third in our series of business seminars in the program—Doing Business Abroad. Today we are going to look at intercultural awareness, that is, the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in the British way. And why should they? If overseas business people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respect our traditions and methods. It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is not only polite. It is essential if we want to sell British products overseas.

First, a short quiz. Let's see how interculturally aware you are. Question 1: Where must you not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of every month? Question 2: Where should you never admire your host's possessions? Question 3: How should you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok? And Question 4: Where should you try to make all your appointments either before 2:00 or after 5:30 p.m.?

OK. Everyone had a chance to make some notes? Right. Here are the answers—although I am sure that the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. So No. 1, you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. In international hotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with an Indian colleague, remember to avoid asking for a beer if your arrival coincides with one of those dates. 2, In Arab countries, the politeness and generosity of the people are without parallel. If you admire your colleague's beautiful golden bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as a present. This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will, quite correctly, expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand, clicking the fingers, clapping your hands, or just shouting "Waiter!", will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you! Place your palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant and satisfying results. And finally, in Spain, some businesses maintain the pattern of working until about 2 o'clock and then returning to the office from 5:30 to 8:00, 9:00 or 10:00 in the evening.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读，并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    Why Intercultural Awareness Matters

    Intercultural awareness and respect for local customs are essential for successful international business.

    本段承担全文的引入与立论功能：它先提出 intercultural awareness，再说明其与 overseas business success 的因果关系。后文的 India、Arab countries、Thailand 和 Spain 等案例，正是对本段核心观点的 concrete evidence。

    锁定主题句和结论句
  2. P2

    Testing Cultural Awareness

    A quiz introduces practical examples of cultural differences in international business etiquette.

    本段是全文的过渡与设问部分：它把 第1段 中较抽象的 intercultural awareness 转化为可感知的 real-life situations。这样的 quiz structure 还能制造悬念，为 第3段 的逐项解答和实例说明做好铺垫。

    归纳四问的共同指向
  3. P3

    Practical Cultural Rules for Business

    Examples from several countries show how local customs and schedules shape appropriate business conduct.

    本段是对全文主旨最直接的证据支撑：它把 第1段 的“尊重文化差异很重要”具体化为可操作的 business behavior。通过正反后果，如 embarrassment 与 satisfying results，作者进一步证明：掌握 local practices 能帮助英国商人避免失礼，并更有效地开展 overseas transactions。

    从多国案例提炼共性
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2018年6月英语六级真题第2套这篇原文，每段配 1 道细节题（ 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ，由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制，非试卷原题）。 选项默认中性；点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法，现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 intercultural awareness British products

    Why is intercultural awareness described as essential for British companies?

    • A It allows them to require overseas visitors to speak English.
    • B It prevents British traditions from changing abroad.
    • C It helps them sell British products successfully overseas.
    • D It ensures that all business seminars are conducted in English.
    • E It makes overseas business people respect British methods.
    • F It helps them avoid attending business meetings overseas.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案：C

    该项准确承接 essential 后面的目的说明：作者先承认 respect traditions 是 polite，随即用 It is not only polite 把论证从社交礼仪推进到商业必要性，最后明确落在 sell British products overseas。选项中的 successfully 是对 essential 所表达之必要作用的合理概括，并未改变核心因果关系。障碍在于原文先出现 English、traditions 和 methods，考生若只按词面匹配，容易误把前面的礼貌行为当成最终结论。

    结论句逆扫 时间极紧时，不必从头通读。直接抓题干中的 essential 和 British companies，在 第1段 中执行结论句逆向扫描：寻找带有 not only、if、want to 等逻辑力度的句子，而不是逐句翻译。随后将选项分成礼貌层、语言层、传统层和商业结果层；只有正确项对应作者的最终结果层。该法的关键是先按论证层级淘汰，而非逐个比对词汇。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 interculturally aware

    What is the primary purpose of the four questions at the beginning of the seminar?

    • A To explain why alcohol is forbidden on certain dates.
    • B To compare the business traditions of four British cities.
    • C To teach the audience how to order meals in international hotels.
    • D To assess how interculturally aware the audience is.
    • E To identify the countries where British products are most popular.
    • F To show that all overseas customs are difficult to understand.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案：D

    段落在提出问题前直接说明 Let's see how interculturally aware you are，完整交代了 quiz 的用途。正确项将 you 概括为 the audience，保持了讲座语境中的指代关系；assess 也准确概括了 see how...aware 的测试功能。设置障碍在于四道题都包含具体习俗和时间情境，容易诱使考生把材料内容误认为提问目的。

    先判提问功能 直接用题干中的 primary purpose 触发功能阅读，不读四个问题的具体含义。在 第2段 中优先扫描提问序列之前的元话语，判断说话者是否直接说明了设置这些问题的用途。然后把选项快速分为整体功能与单题内容，正确项必须能够覆盖整组问题。此法把四条信息压缩为一个 discourse signal，速度高于逐题翻译。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 palm downward inconspicuous waving gesture

    How should a visitor attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok?

    • A Click the fingers to get the waiter's attention.
    • B Clap the hands and call out for the waiter.
    • C Raise the palm upward and make a clear gesture.
    • D Ask the host to present the waiter with a gift.
    • E Place the palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture.
    • F Wait until after 5:30 p.m. to speak to the waiter.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案：E

    该项完整保留原文给出的两个连续动作：先确定 palm 的方向，再采用 inconspicuous waving gesture。它不仅回答了 how，还符合作者强调的避免 embarrassment 的礼仪目标。命题障碍在于正确动作紧跟在 clicking、clapping、shouting 等错误做法之后，考生若只记住与 waiter 相关的显眼动词，容易选到被明确否定的行为；此外 downward 是决定正误的细微方向词。

    禁忌反推动作 在 第3段 中采用负面清单反推法：先识别带有负面后果的句子，将其中列举的动作立即划为禁区；再在其后的同一语义单元中寻找唯一的祈使性替代动作。由于题干问 How should，正确项必须是禁区之外、且包含完整操作细节的选项。这个方法无需逐一理解其他国家的所有习俗，只处理 Bangkok 场景中的正反动作对。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群，每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇，能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. P1

    引入主题：跨文化意识的重要性

    这个 opening part 通过 welcome 和 series introduction 引出了 intercultural awareness 这个 central topic，强调在 doing business abroad 时，British businesspeople 需要 respect 和 adapt to 其他国家的 traditions 和 business methods，这不仅是 polite 的表现，更是 essential for selling products overseas 的关键所在。

    作为 expository text 的 introduction section，这个 paragraph 明确了 main argument 即 intercultural awareness 的 necessity，为后续的 specific examples 和 practical guidance 建立了 theoretical foundation，typical 的说明文 opening strategy 是先 present the thesis 再 elaborate with details。

    英国商人需尊重外国习俗和商务方式
  2. P2

    测试环节：文化知识小测验

    这个 interactive segment 通过 four quiz questions 的形式，涉及 drinking restrictions in India、admiring possessions in Arab countries、attracting waiters in Bangkok、以及 appointment scheduling in Spain，这种 questioning approach 是为了 engage the audience 并 prepare them for 接下来的 detailed explanations，typical 的 pedagogical technique 在 instructional discourse 中使用。

    在 expository structure 中，这个 quiz section 起到 transition 和 engagement 的 dual function，一方面从 abstract discussion of importance 过渡到 concrete cultural examples，另一方面通过 interactive format 激发 audience curiosity，这是 effective exposition 常用的 pedagogical bridge，让 theoretical concept 能够 smoothly lead into practical illustrations。

    印度、阿拉伯、泰国、西班牙的商务文化差异
  3. P3

    答案解析：具体文化规范案例

    这个 elaboration section 系统地 provide answers to 前面的 quiz questions，covering alcohol restrictions on specific dates in India、gift-giving protocol in Arab countries、appropriate gestures for summoning waiters in Thailand、以及 working hours pattern in Spain，每个 example 都 illustrate specific aspects of intercultural awareness，demonstrating how business practices vary across cultures，这是 typical expository body 的 exemplification strategy。

    作为 expository text 的 body section，这个 extensive paragraph 通过 multiple concrete examples 来 substantiate 前面提出的 thesis about intercultural awareness importance，每个 cultural scenario 都是 supporting evidence，showing that understanding foreign customs is not abstract concept but practical necessity，这种 example-based elaboration 是 exposition 的 core argumentative technique，让 general principle 变得 tangible and convincing。

    印度禁酒日期、阿拉伯送礼礼仪、泰国召唤服务员方式、西班牙工作时间
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出，每步说明看哪里、看出什么，可直接迁移到其他英语六级文章。

  1. 开篇主题宣告句 P1

    说明文的 introductory paragraph 往往直接 state the topic，特别是 business seminar 或 educational context 中，speaker 会用 explicit language 告知 audience 今天要讲什么。这个 direct announcement 就是 main idea 的 concentrated form。

  2. 重要性强调语句 P1

    说明文不仅 present information，还会 justify why this information matters。通过 identify the necessity statement，我们能 understand the author's purpose 不只是 describe intercultural differences，而是 emphasize their importance in business success。这个 why 就是 main idea 的 deeper layer。

  3. 例证一致性检验 P2 P3

    Supporting paragraphs 的 function 是 elaborate on the main idea。如果所有 examples 都 point to the same direction，那就 confirms 我们 identified 的 main idea 是 accurate 的。本文的 India, Arab countries, Thailand, Spain 四个 examples 都在 demonstrate 'not everyone does business in the British way'，这种 consistency 就是 verification。

  4. 完整主旨综述 P1 P2 P3

    一个 complete main idea 应该 capture 三个 elements：the subject being explained (intercultural awareness)，the context or audience (British businesspeople doing overseas business)，以及 the purpose or significance (essential for successful transactions)。只有 combine 这些 components，我们才能 distinguish 这篇文章和其他 general articles about cultural differences。

主旨信号词 intercultural awareness P1 essential P1 respect P1 overseas P1 polite P1

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

这篇说明文阐释了跨文化意识在国际商务中的重要性,强调英国商务人士在进行海外交易时必须理解和尊重外国的习俗、传统和商业惯例,并通过印度、阿拉伯国家、泰国和西班牙的具体文化案例加以说明。
This expository text explains the importance of intercultural awareness in international business, emphasizing that British businesspeople must understand and respect foreign customs, traditions, and business practices when conducting overseas transactions, illustrated through specific cultural examples from India, Arab countries, Thailand, and Spain.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

4 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典，只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语六级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • intercultural 跨文化的,不同文化之间的

    让我们把这些 clues 串联起来。首先,从 context 看,这是 business seminar 讨论 doing business abroad 的场景,涉及 different countries。其次,从 word structure 看,inter- 表示 between,cultural 表示 culture,组合起来就是 between cultures。最后,从 text 的 explanation 看,speaker 明确提到 not everyone is British, not everyone does business in the British way,需要 respect different traditions and methods。所有这些 evidence 都指向同一个 meaning。

    词缀分析结合语境验证
  • coincide 同时发生,在时间上一致

    我们来 integrate 这些 clues。从 sentence structure 看,这是一个 conditional statement 关于 timing;从 prefix analysis 看,co- 表示 together;从 logical context 看,这个词描述 your arrival 和 specific dates 的 temporal relationship。当这些 dates 是禁酒日,而你的 arrival 刚好在这些 dates,就需要 avoid asking for beer。所有 evidence 表明这个词描述 two events happening at the same time。

    条件句逻辑加词缀分析
  • inconspicuous 不显眼的,不引人注目的

    让我们 synthesize 这些 clues。从 contrast 看,clicking, clapping, shouting 会 embarrass people,而这个 gesture 不会,说明它是 opposite type。从 word structure 看,in- 表示 not。从 results 看,这个 subtle gesture 能 produce instant and satisfying results,说明它 works well precisely because it's not obvious or attention-grabbing。所有 evidence 指向:这个词描述 something that doesn't attract attention, something subtle and not noticeable。

    对比分析加否定词缀
  • parallel 可相比的事物,相似物

    现在我们 connect 所有 clues。从 context 看,sentence 在 praise Arab hospitality 的 exceptional nature。从 word's figurative meaning 看,parallel 表示 something comparable or similar。从 rhetorical function 看,without parallel 是在 making an emphatic statement。Combining 这些:without parallel 意思是 without anything comparable,即 unmatched。在这个 context 中,它 emphasizes that Arab politeness and generosity are so exceptional that no other culture can match them。

    固定短语中的词义延伸
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认，也能写。

  • 举例子

    P2 P3

    文章通过 four specific examples 来 illustrate intercultural differences：India 的饮酒禁忌、Arab countries 的礼物文化、Thailand 的召唤服务员方式、以及 Spain 的工作时间安排。这些 concrete instances 让 abstract concept of intercultural awareness 变得 tangible and memorable，帮助 businesspeople 理解不同文化中的 actual practices，从而支撑文章的 central argument：必须 respect and adapt to foreign customs when doing business abroad。

    信号词 for example for instance such as let's see here are the answers in India in Arab countries in Thailand in Spain Question 1 Question 2 No. 1

    仿写： 写作说明文时，先提出 general principle 或 main point，然后问自己：Can I provide specific instances to demonstrate this? 选择 diverse yet relevant examples 来覆盖不同 aspects of your topic。每个 example 应该 clear and detailed enough 让读者能 picture the situation。仿写模版：'[General statement]. For instance/For example, in [specific context], [specific detail]. Similarly/Additionally, in [another context], [another specific detail].'

  • 设问

    P2 P3

    第二段采用 quiz format，连续提出 four questions 关于不同国家的 cultural practices，然后在第三段 provide answers。这种 rhetorical technique 通过 engaging readers actively 来增强 learning effect，让 audience 先 think and predict before receiving information，从而对 intercultural differences 印象更深刻。这支持文章主旨：要成功 conduct overseas business，必须主动 learn and understand these cultural nuances。

    信号词 Let's see Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Here are the answers OK Right

    仿写： 在说明文中使用设问时，先确定你想 emphasize 的 key information points，然后将它们 transform into questions。Questions 应该 specific and relevant，能激发读者的 curiosity。可以用 'Let's see'、'Here's a question' 等 phrases 引入。Answer 部分要 clear and comprehensive。仿写模版：'[Transitional phrase introducing quiz/questions]. Question 1: [Specific question]? Question 2: [Another question]? ... OK. Here are the answers: [Detailed answers corresponding to each question].'

  • 下定义

    P1

    文章在第一段明确 define 'intercultural awareness' as 'the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in the British way'。这个 clear definition 为整篇文章 establish theoretical foundation，让读者 understand exactly what concept 作者在讨论。Definition 直接支持文章主旨：只有先 understand what intercultural awareness means，才能认识到其在 international business 中的 importance。

    信号词 that is in other words which means refers to is defined as means can be understood as is/are

    仿写： 写作时需要 define technical terms 或 key concepts 时，可以先 introduce the term，然后用 'that is'、'in other words'、'which means' 等 phrases 来 signal definition。Definition 应该 clear, concise yet comprehensive，可以采用 negative definition（说明它不是什么）配合 positive definition（说明它是什么）的方式。仿写模版：'Today we are going to look at [term], that is, [explanation of what it means]. It is [positive definition] and not [what it is not].'

  • 作诠释

    P1 P3

    文章在第三段对每个 cultural example 提供 detailed explanations and implications。比如解释 Arab gift-giving 时，不仅说明 practice 本身，还 elaborate on the underlying expectation：'your host will, quite correctly, expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty'。这种 interpretive elaboration 帮助 businesspeople understand not just the surface behavior but the cultural logic behind it，这对文章主旨 crucial：真正的 intercultural awareness 需要 deep understanding of why certain practices exist。

    信号词 however in effect this means the implication is what this reveals in other words more specifically quite correctly most of all

    仿写： 使用作诠释时，先 present a fact or practice，然后用 'this means'、'the implication is'、'in effect'、'what this reveals' 等 phrases 来 introduce your interpretation。Focus on explaining the significance、consequences 或 hidden meanings rather than just restating。可以采用 causal explanation（为什么）或 consequential explanation（会导致什么）的方式。仿写模版：'[Statement of fact/practice]. This is [not just simple description], however, as [deeper explanation of implications/reasons/consequences]. [Additional interpretive insight].'

  • 作比较

    P1

    文章通过 contrasting British business practices with those of other countries 来 illustrate differences。第一段明确指出 'not everyone does business in the British way'，然后强调 when overseas businesspeople sell to Britain they adapt，所以 'It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them'。这种 comparative structure 建立 reciprocity argument，支持文章主旨：British businesspeople 应该像 foreign counterparts 那样 show intercultural flexibility。

    信号词 not everyone if...then the same in contrast whereas similarly on the other hand different from compared to just as

    仿写： 使用作比较时，明确 identify what you are comparing 以及 the basis of comparison。可以用 parallel structure 来 present both sides，或者先 describe one thing then explicitly contrast it with another。Signal words like 'in contrast'、'similarly'、'whereas'、'on the other hand' 很重要。仿写模版：'If [Group A] do [Action X] when [Situation 1], then [Group B] should/must [Action Y] when [Situation 2]. It is [evaluation] to [do the same/act differently].'

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

5 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 英国商务方式并非全球标准

    P1
    not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in the British way. And why should they?

    反问句 And why should they? Why not? Who wouldn't? How could it be otherwise? What else could we expect? Isn't it obvious? Don't we all know?

    这个 rhetorical question 的 implication 是:外国商人完全有权利 maintain 他们自己的 business practices 和 cultural traditions,英国方式并非 universal standard。它 challenges 潜在的 ethnocentric assumption,为整篇文章的 core message 奠定基础——英国商人必须 adapt to foreign cultures 而不是期待对方 conform to British ways。这个 implication 直接 supports 文章主旨,强调 mutual respect 和 cultural adaptation 的 necessity。

  • 礼貌超越了表面意义

    P1
    It is not only polite. It is essential if we want to sell British products overseas.

    转折类 It is not only polite. It is not only not merely not just more than just beyond being not simply

    这个 implication 揭示:跨文化意识 intercultural awareness 不仅是 courtesy 的问题,更是 commercial success 的 prerequisite。作者 downplays 道德层面的 politeness,突出 practical necessity——如果想 sell products,就必须 respect foreign cultures。这强化了文章的 pragmatic tone,告诉 business people 这不是 optional nicety 而是 business imperative,直接 reinforces 主旨关于 intercultural awareness 对 international business 的 critical importance。

  • 答案具有普遍适用性

    P3
    although I am sure that the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen.

    让步类 although though even though while whereas despite the fact that granted that

    这个 concession 的 implication 是:虽然演讲者 specifically 提到了 India、Arab countries、Thailand 和 Spain,但这些 cultural differences 和 business etiquette 的 principles 具有 broader applicability。它暗示 intercultural awareness 不是 memorizing isolated facts,而是理解 underlying principle——每个文化都有 unique practices 需要 respect。这个 implication enhances 文章主旨,强调 intercultural competence 是 general skill 而非 country-specific knowledge 的 collection。

  • 礼物交换存在经济负担

    P3
    This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will, quite correctly, expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty.

    委婉表达 This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however This is not a cheap way not the most economical rather costly may prove expensive comes at a price not without financial implications

    这个 euphemistic expression 的 implication 是:在 Arab countries admiring possessions 可能导致 significant financial burden,因为 reciprocal gift-giving 的 cultural expectation。作者用 humorous understatement "not a cheap way to do your shopping" 来 convey 严肃的 business advice——avoid inadvertently 触发 costly social obligations。这个 implication 支持文章主旨,illustrating cultural awareness 不仅关乎 politeness,还涉及 practical consequences 和 financial implications,emphasizing 理解 local customs 的 concrete importance。

  • 不当行为会造成多方尴尬

    P3
    clicking the fingers, clapping your hands, or just shouting 'Waiter!', will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you!

    情态词 will embarrass will offend will cause is certain to is bound to inevitably leads to necessarily results in

    这个 implication 揭示:在 Thailand 不当的 waiter-summoning behavior 不仅 offends others,更重要的是 damages 自己的 professional image。通过 listing "your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you",作者暗示 cultural faux pas 的 primary victim 是 perpetrator themselves。这 reinforces 文章主旨,说明 intercultural awareness 不仅是 respecting others,更是 protecting 自己的 business credibility 和 professional reputation,making cultural competence 一个 self-interested necessity。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度：积极支持

结论先行：本文作者态度为积极支持（ Instructive and Encouraging）。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 识别开篇框架语言 P1

    这个步骤能帮我们判断 author's attitude，因为说明文的 speaker 往往在 opening 就会 signal 出他是来 inform、persuade 还是 criticize。如果开头用了 welcome、series、program 这类词，说明 speaker 是在 construct 一个 positive learning environment，态度自然是 supportive 而非 critical。

  2. 提取目的性陈述 P1

    这个步骤能判断态度，因为 purpose statement 会 expose speaker 对 subject matter 的 stance。如果他说 'we are going to look at intercultural awareness'，用的是 neutral 到 positive 的 phrasing；如果他说 'we must examine the problem of'，那就暗示 critical stance。说明文的 speaker 通过 purpose language 来 telegraph 他是 advocating、explaining 还是 warning。

  3. 观察互动设计方式 P2

    这能判断态度是因为 engagement strategies 会 signal speaker 的 investment level。用 quiz 说明他 values participation；用 'let's see how aware you are' 这种语言表示他在 create collaborative atmosphere。说明文的 instructive tone 可以是 condescending 也可以是 encouraging，取决于 speaker 是 testing 还是 guiding。这里的 'let's see' 是 inclusive，显示 encouraging attitude。

  4. 分析示例描述用词 P3

    这步能判断态度是因为 example framing 会 show speaker 是 respectful、judgmental 还是 neutral。当他说 'the politeness and generosity of the people are without parallel'，这是 extremely positive evaluation。如果他只是 list facts 没有 evaluation，那是 neutral；如果用 'strange customs' 之类的词，就是 negative。说明文的 speaker 通过 evaluative language 在 examples 中 inject 自己的 perspective。

  5. 整合多层修辞信号 P1 P2 P3

    综合判断之所以重要，是因为 individual signals 可能 misleading，但 pattern 会 confirm attitude。这篇文章从 welcoming opening，到 declaring importance，到 engaging quiz，再到 respectful examples，形成 consistent pattern of encouragement and support。说明文的 coherent attitude 体现在 all rhetorical layers align toward same direction。

文中的态度信号词

  • welcome P1

    这个 signal word 在说明文开篇 establish 一个 hospitable tone。'Welcome' 不是 neutral 的 'today we will discuss'，而是 actively invite audience into the discussion，showing speaker values their presence。这 signals speaker 的 attitude 是 inclusive 和 encouraging，而不是 detached 或 critical。

    同类词 glad to have you pleased to introduce delighted to present happy to share honored to discuss

  • essential P1

    这个 signal word 在说明文中 convey urgency 和 importance。Speaker 说 'it is essential' 而不是 'it might be helpful'，表示他 strongly advocates 这个 action。这种 strong modality 会 reveal speaker 不是 neutrally presenting options，而是 persuasively arguing for specific behavior，显示 committed positive attitude toward intercultural awareness。

    同类词 crucial vital imperative critical necessary

  • without parallel P3

    这个 signal phrase 在说明文中 inject explicit positive evaluation。'Without parallel' 是 superlative expression，表示 speaker 对 Arab hospitality 有 extremely high regard。在 supposedly objective exposition 中用这种 laudatory language，shows speaker's underlying admiration，这 supports 他 encouraging people to respect and learn from other cultures 的 overall attitude。

    同类词 unparalleled unmatched exceptional extraordinary remarkable

  • let's see P2

    这个 signal phrase 在说明文中 create collaborative atmosphere。'Let's' 是 inclusive pronoun choice，把 speaker 和 audience 放在 same team。这 contrasts with 'you should know' 或 'test your knowledge'，后者是 hierarchical。用 'let's see' 说明 speaker 是 guiding 而非 testing，显示 supportive 和 encouraging attitude 而不是 judgmental attitude。

    同类词 let's try let's explore shall we why don't we let's consider

  • only polite P1

    这个 signal phrase 在说明文中 appeal to shared values。'Only polite' 暗示 speaker 认为 reciprocal respect 是 obvious moral standard。这种 appeal to common sense 和 politeness norms 会 show speaker 不是 imposing arbitrary rules，而是 reminding audience of universal principles，indicating他对 intercultural competence 的 supportive attitude is grounded in moral reasoning。

    同类词 only fair only right only natural only reasonable only appropriate

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例，可直接迁移到其他英语六级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文？

  1. 开头直陈主题 P1

    第1段 开门见山地说 'Today we are going to look at intercultural awareness'，这是典型的 expository opening，直接 state the subject matter。议论文会提出 controversial claim 或 thesis statement 需要论证，新闻报道会用 lead paragraph 概括 who/what/when/where/why。

  2. 问答式信息结构 P2 P3

    第2段 提出 four quiz questions，第3段 逐一给出 answers with explanations，这是经典的 Q&A expository structure。议论文会用 claim-evidence-reasoning chain 来 build argument，新闻报道会按 inverted pyramid structure 排列信息的 importance。

  3. 客观陈述性语言 P1 P3

    整篇文章使用 neutral instructional tone，像 'you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh'、'Place your palm downward' 这些是 factual statements about cultural practices，没有 persuasive elements 如 'we should respect'、'it is wrong to' 等 value judgments。新闻报道会用 journalistic objectivity 但会包含 attributions (消息来源引用)。

  4. 传递知识为目的 P1 P2 P3

    这篇文章的 communicative purpose 很清晰：educate business people about intercultural awareness through concrete examples。读者获得的是 practical information (实用信息) about cultural practices，而非 被说服接受某个 viewpoint，也不是了解 breaking news。文章结尾没有 call to action 或 news update，而是完成了 systematic explanation。

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁？

  • that is P1 说明对象定义解释词 in other words namely i.e. specifically to put it another way
  • First P2 说明顺序词 first second third next then
  • Let's see P2 说明互动引导词 let's see let's look at let's examine consider this take a look at
  • Question 1 P2 说明结构标签词 Example A Case 1 Point number one Item 1 Step one
  • OK P3 说明过程管理词 Right Now So Well then Alright
  • Right P3 说明过程管理词 OK Now So Well then Alright
  • Here are the answers P3 说明答案呼应词 The answer is The solution is To address this In response to As for the answer
  • So No. 1 P3 说明答案呼应词 Answer 1 The first answer For question one Regarding the first As for number 1
  • you must not P3 说明行为指导词 you should remember to avoid make sure to be careful to
  • remember to avoid P3 说明行为指导词 you must not you should make sure to be careful to it is important to
  • And finally P3 说明顺序词 finally lastly in conclusion to conclude as a final point
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

3 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 的常见问题

2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 文章的主旨是什么？
2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 文章说明文阐释了跨文化意识在国际商务中的重要性,强调英国商务人士在进行海外交易时必须理解和尊重外国的习俗、传统和商业惯例,并通过印度、阿拉伯国家、泰国和西班牙的具体文化案例加以说明。（英文表述：This expository text explains the importance of intercultural awareness in international business, emphasizing that British businesspeople must understand and respect foreign customs, traditions, and business practices when conducting overseas transactions, illustrated through specific cultural examples from India, Arab countries, Thailand, and Spain.）
2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 文章是什么体裁？难度如何？
体裁为说明文，作者立场是积极支持（Instructive and Encouraging）。CEFR 难度 B2，全文 405 词、3 段；在英语六级全部 593 篇真题文章中，B2 级共 233 篇（占 39%）。
2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的？
全文 3 段按说明文骨架分为 3 个意群：第1段——引入主题：跨文化意识的重要性；第2段——测试环节：文化知识小测验；第3段——答案解析：具体文化规范案例。
2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 文章的作者态度是什么？
作者态度是积极支持（Instructive and Encouraging）。判断路径：识别开篇框架语言 → 提取目的性陈述 → 观察互动设计方式 → 分析示例描述用词 → 整合多层修辞信号；文中的态度信号词包括 welcome（第1段）、essential（第1段）、without parallel（第3段）、let's see（第2段）、only polite（第1段）。
2018年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (2) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词？
按文中出现顺序共 4 个：intercultural（跨文化的,不同文化之间的）、coincide（同时发生,在时间上一致）、inconspicuous（不显眼的,不引人注目的）、parallel（可相比的事物,相似物），每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

本页数据最后更新：