2005年考研英语真题 Section II Part C

作者在讨论 multi-media groups 在欧洲的成功时，列举了具体的 examples：意大利的 Berlusconi group，以及国际上的 Maxwell 和 Murdoch。这些 concrete examples 让抽象的 media consolidation 变得 tangible and credible，strengthens 了作者关于 media concentration 这一 trend 的论点，为后文论述 European television 需要 unity 和 cooperation 提供了 factual foundation。

信号词 example for instance such as take... as an example to illustrate case in point consider notably come to mind

仿写： 当你需要论证某个 trend 或 phenomenon 时，think about：能否找到 well-known examples 来 illustrate？比如论证 "科技改变生活" 时，可以说 "Take smartphones as an example, devices like iPhone and Samsung Galaxy have revolutionized..."。模版：When discussing [抽象概念], [specific example A] and [specific example B] serve as clear illustrations. / One notable example would be [具体案例], while [其他案例] also comes to mind.

作者在结尾引用了 famous saying "United we stand, divided we fall"，并提出自己的 slogan "Unity in our diversity"。这两个 quotations 具有 strong rhetorical power，前者是 well-established proverb，instantly recognizable，能够 evoke 读者的 collective memory 和 emotional resonance；后者是作者的 original coinage，perfectly encapsulates 文章的 central thesis：European television 需要 unity 但同时要 respect diversity。这种 citation strategy 在 climax position 极大地 strengthens 了作者的 call for cooperation。

信号词 as the saying goes to quote in the words of it is said that as X put it the proverb says if I had to summarize to paraphrase it is no exaggeration to say

仿写： 在文章的 critical junctures，特别是 conclusion 部分，consider using a relevant quotation 来 reinforce your point。可以引用 famous sayings、proverbs 或者 craft your own memorable phrase。比如讨论 teamwork 时："As the saying goes, 'Many hands make light work,' and in our context, [your application]..." 或者 "If I had to summarize this in one phrase, it would be '[your original slogan]'." 模版：It is no exaggeration to say, "[引用语]" – and if I had to choose a slogan/phrase, it would be "[你的概括]".

作者在第三段使用 "oblige" 建立了 causality：European integration 这个 cause 会 oblige（导致、迫使）television companies 必须 cooperate 这个 effect。这个 causal link 非常 crucial，因为它 explains why cooperation 不只是 optional suggestion，而是 inevitable necessity。类似的 causal reasoning 也体现在第二段，market competition 的 harshness（cause）demonstrates that only biggest companies can survive（effect），这个 logic chain 支撑了文章关于需要 unity 的 core argument。

信号词 oblige because therefore thus consequently as a result this leads to demonstrates that shows that entails demands necessitates result in give rise to

仿写： 在构建 argument 时，constantly ask yourself: what causes what? 使用 causal connectors 来 make relationships explicit。比如："The rise of social media will inevitably oblige traditional journalism to adapt" 或 "This harsh reality demonstrates that innovation is no longer optional." 模版：[Situation A] will oblige/force/compel [consequence B]. / This [fact/reality] demonstrates/shows/proves that [logical conclusion]. / [Cause] entails/necessitates/demands [effect].

第四段建立了 sharp contrast：North American market programs 代表 different experiences and cultural traditions，而 European programs 应该 relate to their own cultures。这个 Europe vs. North America 的 juxtaposition 非常 strategic，通过 highlighting differences 来 justify 为什么 Europe 需要 reduce dependence 并 create its own identity。Contrast 让 distinctiveness 变得 visible and urgent，strengthens 作者关于 "producing programs in Europe for Europe" 的 argument。

信号词 different from unlike whereas while in contrast on the other hand however conversely as opposed to rather than instead of

仿写： 当你需要 advocate for one approach over another 时，explicitly contrast them。Identify the key differences 并用 contrastive language articulate。比如："Unlike traditional methods which rely on X, modern approaches emphasize Y" 或 "North American solutions address [their context], whereas our situation demands [our approach]." 模版：[Entity A] relates to [characteristics], which are different from [Entity B's characteristics]. / This entails reducing our dependence on [contrasting option], whose [features] differ from our own.

作者用 "connecting fabric" 来 describe 欧洲不同 cultures and traditions 的关系。这个 metaphor 非常 vivid：fabric 是由 different threads woven together 形成的 cohesive whole，perfectly captures "unity in diversity" 的 concept。Threads 保持 individual identity 但共同构成 stronger material，这个 imagery 让抽象的 European integration 变得 tangible and visualizable，helps readers understand 为什么可以在 maintaining diversity 的同时 achieve unity。

信号词 like as metaphorically speaking can be seen as serves as resembles similar to

仿写： 当处理 abstract concepts 时，ask yourself: what physical object or familiar experience resembles this idea? 比如讨论 team diversity 可以说 "like a mosaic composed of different colored tiles" 或 "various instruments in an orchestra"。关键是选择的 image 要有 multiple relevant features 能够 map onto your concept。模版：[Abstract concept] can be understood as the [concrete image] of [entity], where [feature 1], [feature 2], etc.

第二段提供了 quantitative example：out of 80 European television networks，50% took a loss in 1989。这个 statistical evidence 是 concrete proof of the harsh market conditions，比抽象地说 "competition is tough" 更有 persuasive power。Specific numbers 让 claim 变得 verifiable and credible，strongly supports 作者关于 only biggest companies can survive 的 argument，为后文 call for cooperation 提供了 empirical foundation。

信号词 statistics show data indicates studies reveal research demonstrates figures suggest according to surveys show evidence shows numbers indicate out of no less than as many as

仿写： 当 making claims about scale, severity, or trends 时，whenever possible 使用 specific statistics。Instead of "many companies failed"，say "50% of companies took losses"。模版：Statistics/Facts/Data show/demonstrate/underline that [specific numbers and findings]. / Out of [total number], no less than [specific proportion/number] [experienced outcome].