2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1)
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2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1)

说明文 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 239 词、3 段,CEFR 难度 B1(B1 级在英语四级文章中占 22%),作者立场为「客观中立」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语四级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 的听力原文,共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

Talking is unique to humans. An animal might make 10 different sounds, but an adult human knows more than 20,000 words. Additionally, we're the only animal that expresses thoughts in full sentences. Researchers don't think language was invented; instead, they think it evolved. How did talking evolve? There are two main theories.

The first theory is that language started with people making different sounds, mostly imitating the things around them, like animal calls, nature sounds, and the sounds of tools. Perhaps they made the sound of wind to comment on the weather or imitated the sound of a bird to tell a friend that there was a bird nearby. Then over hundreds of thousands of years, those sounds turned into words that people began to learn as part of their language. At some point, people started stringing the words together to form sentences.

The other main theory, which is more recent, is that people started off by gesturing—pointing at things with their hands and imitating actions using their bodies. Eventually these gestures turned into a full sign language. This theory guesses that after developing sign languages, people eventually started making sounds along with their gestures. At some point, they switched to mostly making sounds that became words instead of just using their bodies. The reason they switched to making sounds, the theory goes, is that talking out loud lets you communicate with someone even when you can't see them.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    Introducing Theories of Language Evolution

    The paragraph introduces the uniqueness of human language and presents two theories of its evolution.

    对于全文主旨而言,本段承担了“提出问题、搭建框架”的作用。它先说明 human language 值得研究的原因,再把文章引向两种 evolution theories,从而让后两段的具体阐释具有清晰的逻辑入口。

    抓住设问后的框架句
  2. P2

    From Imitative Sounds to Speech

    The first theory proposes that imitative sounds gradually developed into words and sentences.

    本段是全文对第一种 theory 的主体说明,它具体回答了语言可能“如何起源”。它与 第3段 构成并列关系:本段强调 sound imitation 是起点,而下一段将提出 gesture 是起点的另一种解释。

    提炼声音到句子的链条
  3. P3

    From Gestures to Spoken Language

    The second theory argues that gestures evolved into sign language and then into spoken language because speech enables communication without visual contact.

    本段完成了对第二种 theory 的阐释,并为全文提供了与第一种理论相对照的另一条语言起源路径。它通过 visual contact 的限制解释口语的 communication advantage,使全文从“语言如何演化”进一步推进到“为何演化为口语”的层面。

    串起手势、手语与口语
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2025年6月英语四级真题第1套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 researchers origin believe

    What do researchers believe about the origin of human language?

    • A Language was intentionally created by early humans to improve cooperation.
    • B Language emerged when humans learned more than 20,000 words.
    • C Language developed gradually rather than being deliberately invented.
    • D Language evolved only after humans began speaking in full sentences.
    • E Animals developed language through a process similar to that of humans.
    • F Researchers have agreed on one complete theory of language evolution.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    该项准确压缩了 researchers 的判断:原文先否定 language was invented,再肯定 it evolved。developed gradually 对 evolved 作了符合说明文语境的同义转换,rather than 保留了原文的对立关系。干扰障碍在于原文没有直接使用 gradually,但 evolved 在此讨论漫长的形成过程,选项没有擅自添加新的主体、原因或程度,因此属于忠实概括。

    否定肯定对照 时间紧张时,不必从头细读。先用题干中的 researchers 作视觉扫描,直接定位到 第1段;再只读取该词所在句及其前后的一个分句。随后采用“极性对照法”:把各选项中关于起源的核心谓语按“被创造”与“自然发展”两栏归类,优先选择与原文否定和肯定方向完全同向的正确项。这个方法比逐个翻译所有选项更快,因为它直击该题唯一的逻辑骨架。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 first theory sounds spoken language

    According to the first theory, how did early sounds become a spoken language?

    • A People first created sentences and then assigned sounds to individual words.
    • B Animal calls directly developed into complete sentences.
    • C Tool sounds were used only to warn people about changes in the weather.
    • D Imitated sounds gradually became words, which were later combined into sentences.
    • E People learned a complete language before producing any meaningful sounds.
    • F People replaced spoken words with body movements to make communication clearer.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    该项严格保留了过程的三个层级:不同 sounds 是起点,经过漫长发展成为 words,随后 stringing the words together 形成 sentences。imitated 对原文的 imitating 作词性转换,gradually 概括 over hundreds of thousands of years,combined into 对 stringing together 作同义改写。设置的障碍是选项没有照抄原句,要求考生识别“阶段顺序不变”的改写,而不是机械寻找原词。

    三节点箭头 紧张状态下,先抓 first theory,直接定位 第2段,然后只提取该段所有“名词节点+时间箭头”:sounds -> words -> sentences。无需逐句翻译动物、风和工具的例子。把五个选项压缩成各自的三节点箭头,哪个箭头与原文方向完全一致,哪个就是正确项。这个“流程图压缩法”对过程题尤其高效,因为干扰项大多只是在调换节点或删掉节点。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 second theory shifted sounds

    Why does the second theory suggest that people shifted mainly to sounds?

    • A Sounds made it possible to imitate animal calls more accurately.
    • B Sounds enabled people to develop a full sign language.
    • C Sounds required less time to learn than words and sentences.
    • D Sounds allowed people to communicate only with nearby friends.
    • E Sounds allowed people to communicate even when they could not see one another.
    • F Sounds completely replaced gestures as soon as humans began to use them.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    该项完整复现理论给出的功能性原因:talking out loud lets you communicate with someone even when you can't see them。allowed 对 lets 作时态和词性层面的自然改写,one another 对 someone 作泛指转换,even when 保留关键条件。障碍在于选项不重复 talking out loud,而用 sounds 概括;但它没有改变“非视觉接触时仍可交流”的核心因果,因此是正确项。

    变化句后读 最快做法是把题干压缩为“second theory + Why + shifted”,先定位 第3段 中 switched 一句,再强制执行“向后读一句”规则:原因题的答案往往不在变化句本身,而在紧随其后的 reason 句。之后不逐项翻译,只给每项贴上一个功能标签,如“看不见仍能交流”“学习更快”“模仿更准”;与原文功能标签重合的正确项即可立即判定。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 人类语言的独特性与演化背景

    这个 opening paragraph 开门见山地点明了 talking 是 unique to humans 的现象,通过 comparison 人类掌握超过20,000 words 而动物只能 make 10 different sounds,establish 了人类 language 的 complexity。接着提出 central question:How did talking evolve? 并预告有 two main theories,为后文的 explanation 搭建框架。

    作为说明文的 introduction part,这个意群通过 establish background information 和 pose the central question 来 frame 整篇文章的 discussion scope。它用 distinctive features of human language 来 justify 为什么需要探讨 evolution,让 two theories 的展开显得 necessary and logical。

    引出演化问题
  2. 第一理论:从模仿声音到语言

    这个意群 elaborate 第一个 theory,展现 sound-based evolution pathway。从 initial stage 的 imitating sounds(animal calls, nature sounds, tool sounds)开始,通过 concrete examples 说明 how people used sounds to communicate(wind sound for weather, bird sound for presence)。然后描述 gradual transformation:over hundreds of thousands of years,sounds 变成 words,最终 people started stringing words together 形成 sentences。整个 progression 呈现 linear development。

    作为说明文 body 的 first section,这个意群通过 detailed description 和 concrete examples 来 illustrate 第一个 evolutionary pathway。它用 chronological organization(from imitation → words → sentences)让 abstract theory 变得 tangible,满足说明文 clarify complex concepts 的目标。这种 specific elaboration 是 respond 给 introduction 中提出的 central question。

    阐述声音起源论
  3. 第二理论:从肢体手势到语言

    这个意群 present alternative theory,展现 gesture-based evolution pathway。从 starting point 的 gesturing(pointing, imitating actions)开始,describe transformation into full sign language。然后出现 critical transition:people started making sounds along with gestures,eventually switched to mostly sounds。最后用 explanatory reasoning 说明 why this switch occurred:talking out loud 能实现 communicate even when you can't see them 的 advantage。整个 explanation 比第一理论 more complex,包含 multiple stages 和 causal reasoning。

    作为说明文 body 的 second section,这个意群 complete the comparison framework by presenting alternative pathway。它不仅 describe the process(gesture → sign language → sound),还 provide rationale(advantage of vocal communication),展现 more sophisticated explanation。这种 parallel yet contrasting presentation 让 readers 能 evaluate both theories,实现说明文 present multiple perspectives 的功能。

    阐述手势起源论
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语四级文章。

  1. 首段尾句的结构预告 P1

    说明文的 opening paragraph 通常会establish the topic 并preview the structure,首段中 'There are two main theories' 直接告诉我们文章会explain 两个理论,这是典型的 expository roadmap

  2. 主体段首句的序列标记 P2 P3

    说明文的body paragraphs 会systematically develop 首段提出的points。第二段的 'The first theory is that...' 和第三段的 'The other main theory... is that...' 形成清晰的 parallel structure,each explaining one theory,这confirm了文章主旨就是explaining these two theories

  3. 演变过程的转化动词 P2 P3

    说明文especially explanatory texts 会present processes, sequences 或causal chains。两段都在describe 一个evolutionary process,虽然starting points 不同(sounds vs. gestures),但都在explaining how language developed,这convergence 确认了主旨是about language evolution theories

  4. 全文围绕首段框架 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的主旨判断需要verify 全文的structural coherence。这篇文章每个part 都serve the same explanatory purpose,没有出现competing ideas 或shift of focus,所有content 都align with 首段promised的structure,这种tight organization 确认主旨就是explaining the two theories

主旨信号词 two main theories P1 The first theory P2 The other main theory P3 evolved P1

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

这篇说明文解释了关于人类语言如何进化的两个主要理论:一个理论认为语言从模仿性声音发展而来,逐渐演变成词汇和句子;另一个理论提出语言起源于手势,先进化成手语,然后过渡到口头交流。
This expository text explains two main theories about how human language evolved: one suggesting it developed from imitative sounds that became words and sentences, and another proposing it originated from gestures that evolved into sign language before transitioning to spoken communication.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

4 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语四级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • imitate 模仿;仿效

    现在我们把三条 clues 串联起来。第一条告诉我们 imitate 是一种 making sounds 的 way,而且这些 sounds 来自 surrounding environment。第二条通过 bird sound 的 example,揭示了 imitate 的 purpose 是 reproduction,让 others 能够 identify。第三条扩展了 scope,不仅是 sounds,还包括 physical actions。综合这些 evidence,可以得出一个清晰的 conclusion:imitate 是一种 copying 或者 reproducing 的 behavior,target 可以是 sound 或者 action。

    动作动词的三步推断法
  • gesture 手势;姿势;示意动作

    让我们整合这些 clues。第一条线索通过 appositive structure 直接告诉我们 gesture 包括 pointing with hands 和 imitating actions with bodies。第二条线索把 gesture 和 sign language 联系起来,说明它是一种 visual communication。第三条通过 contrast 明确了 gesture 是 physical/visual 的,与 auditory 的 sound communication 形成 opposition。三条线索共同指向一个 conclusion:gesture 是一种用 body parts(especially hands)进行的 visual communication method。

    行为名词的三维定位法
  • string 把...连在一起;串起

    综合三条 clues,我们可以建立这样的 reasoning chain:第一条从 developmental sequence 看出 string 是连接 individual words 成为 sentences 的 action;第二条通过 together 这个 key word 确认了 combining 的 nature;第三条通过 metaphorical thinking(绳子串珠子)让我们理解这是一种 sequential arrangement。所以 string words together 就是把 words 按照一定 order 排列组合成 meaningful sentences 的过程。

    抽象动作的多层次解析法
  • evolve 逐步发展;进化;演变

    现在整合我们的 findings。第一条 clue 通过 invented 的 contrast 告诉我们 evolve 不是 deliberate、sudden 的 creation。第二条用 hundreds of thousands of years 的 time span 展示了 extreme gradualness。第三条通过 multi-stage progression 说明这是一个 cumulative、building-upon 的 process。三条 clues 共同描绘出 evolve 的 picture:它是一个漫长的、渐进的、逐步发展的 natural process,不是人为设计的 sudden invention。

    过程动词的三角定位法
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 列数字

    P1

    文章在开篇使用了两组具体的 numbers:一是动物只能发出 10 种不同的 sounds,二是成年人类能够掌握超过 20,000 个 words。这种 quantitative comparison 通过 precise figures 直接凸显了人类 talking ability 的 uniqueness,为整篇文章探讨 language evolution 奠定了坚实的 foundation。数字对比让读者立刻感受到人类语言的 complexity 和 sophistication,从而自然引出后续关于语言如何 evolve 的探讨。

    信号词 10 20,000 more than different only 数字+单位 百分比 倍数表达 approximately nearly over up to

    仿写: 在写作时,可以思考:我要说明的 phenomenon 能否用 measurable data 来支撑?比如说明手机的 popularity,不妨写"全球有超过 50 亿人拥有 mobile phones,而仅在 20 年前这个数字还不到 10 亿"。关键是选择有 contrast effect 的数字。模版可以是:【While A only has/does X (smaller number), B possesses/achieves Y (larger number), demonstrating/highlighting...】

  • 举例子

    P2

    第二段在阐述 sound-based theory 时,连续给出了三个 concrete examples:模仿 wind 来评论 weather,模仿 bird sound 来告知朋友附近有 bird,以及提到 animal calls、nature sounds 和 tool sounds。这些 specific instances 让抽象的"人类通过 imitating sounds 发展语言"这一 theory 变得 tangible and relatable。Examples 帮助读者 visualize 早期人类如何可能使用 imitative sounds 进行 communication,使理论不再是空洞的 speculation。

    信号词 like Perhaps for example for instance such as including say suppose imagine consider take...as an example

    仿写: 写作时要问自己:这个 abstract idea 能用什么 everyday scenario 来说明?比如解释"语言的 flexibility",可以举例"英语里 'run' 既可以指 physical running,也可以说 'run a business' 或 'run out of time'"。选择 examples 时优先考虑读者 familiar with 的事物。模版:【For instance/For example, ... Perhaps they..., or... These examples demonstrate/illustrate...】

  • 分类别

    P1 P2 P3

    文章的整体 structure 体现了明显的 categorization:将 language evolution 分为 two main theories。第一段用"There are two main theories"明确 establish 分类框架,第二段讲 sound-based theory,第三段讲 gesture-based theory(特别用"The other main theory"来 signal)。这种 categorical organization 让复杂的 evolutionary theories 变得 structured and manageable,读者可以清晰地 compare and contrast 两种不同的 explanations,更好地 comprehend 学术争论的 landscape。

    信号词 two main theories The first The other main theory categories types divided into classified as falls into can be grouped one...another first...second primarily mainly

    仿写: 构建分类时要先确定 classification standard,然后 parallel 地展开各 category。比如说明"学习方法",可以写"Learning methods can be divided into two categories: active learning and passive learning. The first involves..."。关键是在开头 announce 分类,然后用 parallel structure 逐一阐述。模版:【There are X main types/categories/theories of... The first is... The other/second is... 】

  • 作诠释

    P1 P3

    文章多处使用 interpretative explanations 来阐明 complex ideas。比如第一段说"Researchers don't think language was invented; instead, they think it evolved",这是对 language origin 的 interpretation,clarifying 了一个关键 premise。第三段末尾"The reason they switched to making sounds, the theory goes, is that talking out loud lets you communicate with someone even when you can't see them"是对理论转变原因的 deeper explanation。这些 interpretations 不是简单定义,而是提供 rationale、context 和 underlying logic,帮助读者 grasp 为什么事情是这样发展的。

    信号词 instead The reason is that means that in other words that is namely specifically put simply essentially implies suggests indicates this is because

    仿写: 当你要说明一个 concept 或 phenomenon 时,除了 state 它是什么,还要 explain 为什么、怎样、意味着什么。比如不只说"AI 正在发展",而要诠释"AI is advancing, which means machines can now perform tasks that previously required human intelligence"。技巧是问自己:读者可能在哪里 confused?需要什么 additional context?模版:【X means/implies that... The reason is that... This is because... In other words...】

  • 作比较

    P1

    文章首句立即建立了 humans 与 animals 的 comparison:"An animal might make 10 different sounds, but an adult human knows more than 20,000 words"。这个 explicit contrast 通过 'but' 来 highlight difference,强调人类语言能力的 superiority。此外,第三段 gesture theory 与 sound theory 的 implicit comparison 贯穿全文,让读者能够 weigh 两种 explanatory models 的 merits。Comparison 是说明文的 powerful tool,通过 juxtaposition 让特征更加 prominent。

    信号词 but while whereas unlike in contrast on the other hand however compared to more...than less...than rather than instead of different from

    仿写: 进行比较时要选择有 meaningful contrast 的对象,并明确 comparison point。比如说明 online learning:"While traditional classroom learning offers face-to-face interaction, online learning provides flexibility in time and location"。关键是 parallel structure 和清晰的 contrast point。模版:【While/Whereas A does/is X, B does/is Y. Unlike A, B... A..., but B...】

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

4 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 语言进化理论的不确定性

    P1
    Researchers don't think language was invented; instead, they think it evolved.

    否定词表达 don't think don't believe not consider reject the idea doubt that unlikely not support

    表面上 researchers 在否定 language was invented 这个观点,但真正的 implication 是:语言是一个 gradual evolutionary process,而不是某个人或群体的 deliberate creation。这个言外之意对文章主旨至关重要,因为它 establishes the foundation for 后面讨论的两个 evolution theories。如果语言是 invented,就不需要讨论 how it evolved;正是因为它 evolved,才需要探讨 evolutionary pathways。这为整篇文章的 explanatory framework 定下了基调。

  • 声音模仿理论的渐进性

    P2
    Perhaps they made the sound of wind to comment on the weather or imitated the sound of a bird to tell a friend that there was a bird nearby.

    模糊限制语 Perhaps perhaps possibly maybe might could may

    表面上作者在给出 concrete examples 说明早期人类如何用 sounds 交流,但 'perhaps' 这个词暗示:我们其实 don't have direct evidence 证明这些场景真实发生过。言外之意是这个 sound-imitation theory 本身是基于 logical inference 而非 archaeological proof 的。这对文章主旨的作用是 establish realistic expectations—读者应该理解这些 evolutionary theories 都是 educated reconstructions,不是 documented history。它增强了文章的 academic credibility,因为作者在 acknowledge 理论的 speculative nature。

  • 手势理论的新颖性与不确定性

    P3
    This theory guesses that after developing sign languages, people eventually started making sounds along with their gestures.

    委婉表达 guesses suggests proposes speculates hypothesizes theorizes assumes

    表面上在描述 gesture theory 的具体过程,但 'guesses' 这个词的言外之意非常明显:这个理论关于 sound-gesture transition 的解释是 highly speculative 的。作者在暗示:虽然 gesture-first theory 被称为 'more recent'(可能暗示更先进),但它在某些 key transitions 的解释上仍然是 educated guesswork。这对文章主旨的作用是 maintain balanced presentation—两个理论都有 speculative elements,没有一个是 definitively proven。这种 intellectual honesty 帮助读者 understand 语言进化研究的 inherent challenges,同时避免 over-selling 任何单一理论。

  • 声音交流的功能性优势解释

    P3
    The reason they switched to making sounds, the theory goes, is that talking out loud lets you communicate with someone even when you can't see them.

    归因表达 the theory goes according to the theory the argument is proponents claim advocates suggest the hypothesis states this view holds

    表面上在解释为什么人类从 gestures 转向 sounds,但 'the theory goes' 这个 phrase 的言外之意是:作者在 report 理论的解释而保持 personal reservation。这暗示这个 functional explanation(声音能跨越 visual barriers)虽然 logically appealing,但可能 oversimplified 或 unverified。对文章主旨的作用是 reinforce 整体的 tentative tone—即使某个理论提供了 seemingly logical explanation,仍需保持 critical distance。这体现了 good scientific communication:presenting theories fairly 的同时 not overstating their certainty,让读者自己 evaluate 各理论的 plausibility。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:客观中立

结论先行:本文作者态度为客观中立( objective and informative)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 识别并列陈述结构 P1 P2 P3

    说明文 expository writing 的核心特征就是 present information objectively,当作者用 there are two theories 这种 parallel structure 来组织内容时,说明他不是在 taking sides,而是在做 balanced presentation

  2. 识别归因性动词 P1 P2 P3

    当作者频繁使用 researchers don't think、the theory guesses 这类 hedging language 和 third-person attribution 时,他在 distance himself from the claims,保持 objective distance,这是 academic writing 中 maintain neutrality 的典型手法

  3. 排查评价性词汇 P2 P3

    说明文的 neutral stance 体现在作者 refrain from using value-laden words,文中用 perhaps、eventually、at some point 这些 temporal markers 来 describe processes,而不是用 convincing、weak、reasonable 这类 evaluative terms 来 judge theories

  4. 多层验证态度 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的 ultimate goal 是 transfer knowledge,作者的 neutrality 让 readers 能够 form their own opinions,这篇文章完整 present 了 two competing theories without bias,perfectly exemplifies 这种 educational purpose

文中的态度信号词

  • researchers think P1

    这个 attribution phrase 把 opinion 归给 researchers,而不是作者 personally claiming,这是 objective reporting 的 hallmark,表明作者在 relay information 而非 advocate a position

    同类词 researchers believe scientists suggest experts say studies show evidence indicates

  • there are two main theories P1

    这个 framing device 立即 establish 作者不会 favor one side,because 用 there are 这种 existential structure 来 introduce competing ideas 是 neutral presentation 的 standard opening

    同类词 there are two theories several views exist multiple explanations different perspectives various approaches

  • perhaps P2

    这个 hedging word 表达 uncertainty 和 speculation,说明作者在 describe 一个 hypothesis 而不是 stating facts,这种 tentative language 是 objective discussion 的 key feature

    同类词 possibly maybe might could may have

  • the theory guesses P3

    用 the theory 作 subject 而不是 we know 或 it is clear,作者在 attribute claims to the theory itself,maintaining distance and neutrality,这是 reporting mode 而非 advocacy mode

    同类词 the theory suggests this view proposes the hypothesis states according to this theory this explanation argues

  • the other main theory P3

    这个 transitional phrase 表明作者给予 equal treatment 给 both theories,用 the other 这种 parallel marker 而不是 however, a weaker theory 或 the correct theory,体现 balanced presentation

    同类词 the other theory another view an alternative explanation a different approach the second theory

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语四级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文?

  1. 开头引入待解释现象 P1

    说明文的核心mission是to inform和to explain,开头会直接present要解释的subject。比如这篇文章第1段直接introduce了talking这个human ability,然后raise了一个question about evolution。议论文会先present某个controversial issue或opposing views,新闻报道会lead with a specific event或breaking news。

  2. 并列呈现多个理论 P2 P3

    说明文的body structure通常是informational和categorical的。这篇文章第2段和第3段分别present了two main theories,用了clear markers like 'The first theory' 和 'The other main theory'。议论文的body会层层递进地present evidence和reasoning来support作者的claim。新闻报道会follow inverted pyramid structure,按importance排列details。

  3. 保持客观中立陈述 P1 P2 P3

    说明文作者是information provider,不inject personal judgment。这篇文章用了neutral expressions like 'Researchers don't think'、'There are two main theories'、'the theory goes',只是reporting不同的theories without endorsing任何一个。议论文作者会clearly signal their position,用'I believe'、'clearly'、'undoubtedly'等persuasive language。新闻报道虽然也追求objectivity,但会quote sources和attribute statements。

  4. 综合识别文体特征 P1 P2 P3

    说明文、议论文、新闻报道的本质区别在于primary purpose:说明文是to educate和to inform(增加读者knowledge),议论文是to persuade(改变读者view),新闻报道是to report(传递timely information about current events)。这篇文章没有try to convince读者哪个theory is correct,也没有report任何recent discovery或event,纯粹是explaining existing theories about一个scientific topic。

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁?

  • evolved P1 说明对象定义解释词 is means refers to defined as consists of
  • two main theories P1 说明顺序与例证词 first second the other for example such as
  • imitating P2 事物属性功能描述词 making sounds turned into lets you allows enables
  • perhaps P2 说明顺序与例证词 for example like such as for instance including
  • the reason... is that P3 说明对象定义解释词 because this is why due to the cause is as a result of
  • This theory guesses that P3 说明对象定义解释词 theory hypothesis proposes suggests posits
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

6 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 的常见问题

2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 文章的主旨是什么?
2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 文章说明文解释了关于人类语言如何进化的两个主要理论:一个理论认为语言从模仿性声音发展而来,逐渐演变成词汇和句子;另一个理论提出语言起源于手势,先进化成手语,然后过渡到口头交流。(英文表述:This expository text explains two main theories about how human language evolved: one suggesting it developed from imitative sounds that became words and sentences, and another proposing it originated from gestures that evolved into sign language before transitioning to spoken communication.)
2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为说明文,作者立场是客观中立(objective and informative)。CEFR 难度 B1,全文 239 词、3 段;在英语四级全部 511 篇真题文章中,B1 级共 113 篇(占 22%)。
2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 3 段按说明文骨架分为 3 个意群:第1段——人类语言的独特性与演化背景;第2段——第一理论:从模仿声音到语言;第3段——第二理论:从肢体手势到语言。
2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 文章的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是客观中立(objective and informative)。判断路径:识别并列陈述结构 → 识别归因性动词 → 排查评价性词汇 → 多层验证态度;文中的态度信号词包括 researchers think(第1段)、there are two main theories(第1段)、perhaps(第2段)、the theory guesses(第3段)、the other main theory(第3段)。
2025年6月英语四级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 4 个:imitate(模仿;仿效)、gesture(手势;姿势;示意动作)、string(把...连在一起;串起)、evolve(逐步发展;进化;演变),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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