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2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3)
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2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3)

说明文 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 346 词、3 段，CEFR 难度 C1（C1 级在英语六级文章中占 58%），作者立场为「客观中立」；英文原文之外，本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开，其中能迁移到其他英语六级真题文章的判断方法（篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判）随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号（P1）都可以点——点一下，原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段，解析引用的原文同步标亮；合上原文，你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

3 段英文原文

以下为2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 的听力原文，共 3 段。左侧 P1–P3 是段落编号——本页全部解析（结构、逐段、修辞、自检题）都以它为坐标回指原文，点击解析里的段号，原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮；合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态，不带翻译与标注。

The history of the cinema in its first thirty years is one of major and, to this day, unparalleled expansion and growth. Beginning as something unusual in a handful of big cities-New York, London, Paris and Berlin-the new medium quickly found its way across the world, attracting larger and larger audiences wherever it was shown and replacing other forms of entertainment as it did so. Meanwhile, films themselves developed from being short "attractions" only a couple of minutes long, to the full-length feature that has dominated the world's screens up to the present day.

Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the Germans played a relatively small role in its world-wide exploitation. It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention, helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia. In terms of artistic development, it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead, though in the years before the First World War, Italy, Denmark and Russia also played a part.

In the end, it was the United States that was to become, and remain, the largest single market for films. By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy, the Americans achieved a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War. The centre of film-making had moved westwards, to Hollywood, and it was films from these new Hollywood studios that flooded onto the world's film markets in the years after the First World War, and have done so ever since. Faced with total Hollywood domination, few film industries proved competitive. The Italian industry almost collapsed. In Scandinavia, the Swedish cinema had a brief period of glory, notably with powerful epic films and comedies. Even the French cinema found itself in a difficult position. In Europe, only Germany proved industrially capable, while in Russia and in Japan the development of the cinema took place in conditions of commercial isolation.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

3 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读，并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    The Explosive Birth and Early Growth of Cinema

    Cinema experienced unprecedented global expansion in its first thirty years, evolving from short attractions to feature films while attracting massive worldwide audiences.

    这个 paragraph 在整篇 article 中起到 historical foundation 的作用。它通过描述 cinema 的 initial expansion 和 evolution，为后续讨论各国在 cinema industry 中的 role 和 competition 提供了 necessary context。特别是它强调的 worldwide attraction 和 rapid growth 解释了为什么第二、三段会出现 international competition 和 market dominance 的 struggle。这个 opening paragraph 的 main idea 直接支撑了 article thesis 中的 rapid global expansion 部分，是整个 narrative 的 starting point。

    抓住首段的时间界定、关键转变和重要性评价
  2. P2

    International Competition in Cinema's Early Expansion

    France and America led both the global export and artistic development of cinema, despite Britain and Germany's contributions to its invention.

    这个 paragraph 在 article structure 中起到 transition 的作用，它从第一段的 general expansion 深入到 specific countries 的 roles。通过展示 French 和 American leadership，paragraph 为第三段美国的 ultimate dominance 做了 preparation。它也引入了 competitive dimension，说明 cinema 的 development 不只是 peaceful spread，而是涉及 national interests 和 cultural influence 的 struggle。这个 main idea 支撑了 article thesis 中关于 different nations' contributions 的部分，同时为解释 Hollywood dominance 的 emergence 提供了 historical background。

    识别段落中的对比结构和等级关系
  3. P3

    Hollywood's Triumph and Global Market Domination

    The United States achieved and maintained global cinema dominance through market protection and aggressive export, with Hollywood flooding world markets after WWI while most other film industries struggled or collapsed.

    这个 paragraph 是整篇 article 的 climax，它完成了从 general expansion 到 specific dominance 的 narrative arc。第一段说 worldwide expansion，第二段说 French-American leadership，这一段最终揭示美国不只是 leader 之一，而是 became and remained 唯一的 dominant force。这个 main idea 直接对应 article thesis 中的 US dominance 部分，是整个 article 的 ultimate conclusion。通过详细描述其他国家的 struggles 或 collapse，paragraph 强化了 Hollywood dominance 的 totality 和 inevitability，解释了为什么 today 我们看到的仍是 Hollywood-dominated world cinema market。

    追踪因果链条并把握持续性影响
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

3 道逐段细节自检题

针对2015年6月英语六级真题第2套这篇原文，每段配 1 道细节题（ 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ，由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制，非试卷原题）。 选项默认中性；点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法，现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 film format early expansion

    What change in film format accompanied the early expansion of cinema?

    • A Films became popular only after replacing all other forms of entertainment.
    • B Films were first shown as full-length features in four major cities.
    • C Films developed from short attractions lasting only minutes into full-length features.
    • D The length of films remained unchanged as cinema spread around the world.
    • E Feature films were replaced by short attractions to attract larger audiences.
    • F Cinema abandoned feature films when it entered markets outside Europe.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案：C

    该项完整复现了 films developed from...to... 的核心逻辑：起点是 short attractions，终点是 full-length feature，且两端都服务于题干的 film format。它没有把 expansion 误解为单纯的地域扩张。设置的障碍在于题干用 change in film format 概括原文，而选项使用 developed from...into... 还原原文，考生必须识别概括与具体表述之间的 paraphrase。

    首尾演变扫描 时间极紧时，不必先逐句翻译。直接用题干中的 film format 在脑中触发 films 的语义检索，再以 early expansion 将范围锁至 第1段。随后只做一次“首尾扫描”：寻找同一句中由 from 和 to 串联的两个形态端点。五个选项中，只有正确项同时保留这两个端点及其正确方向；其余选项即使带有 audiences 或 entertainment 等原词，也立即排除。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 leading exporters new invention

    Which countries were the leading exporters of the new invention in the early development of cinema?

    • A Britain and Germany exported cinema more actively than France and the United States.
    • B France, Germany, Britain, and the United States contributed equally to cinema exports.
    • C Italy, Denmark, and Russia were the main exporters before the First World War.
    • D France was the foremost exporter, followed closely by the United States.
    • E The United States became the sole exporter of cinema to Asia and Latin America.
    • F France led artistic development but did not take part in worldwide exploitation.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案：D

    该项准确保留了原文的等级顺序：above all 对应 foremost，followed closely 明确美国位居其后。它回答的是 countries 的 international export role，也没有把 French and Americans 在 artistic development 中的共同领先，误写成完全并列。障碍在于题干的 leading 容易让考生只抓两个国名，却忽略首位与次位之间的精细排序。

    国家角色排序 高压下先圈 exporters，而不是浏览所有 country names。它会把检索直接导向 第2段 中含 exporters 的句子；接着只看该句的强度副词和顺序短语，即 above all 与 followed closely。将选项做“排序指纹”比对：正确项保留第一位和紧随第二位，含 equally、sole 或反向比较的选项无需回读全文即可删除。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 dominant position by the start of the First World War

    How did American film producers achieve a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War?

    • A They relied mainly on commercial isolation from foreign film industries.
    • B They concentrated on powerful epic films and comedies for Scandinavian audiences.
    • C They waited until after the First World War to establish Hollywood studios.
    • D They prevented the Italian industry from collapsing.
    • E They protected their domestic market while pursuing a vigorous export policy.
    • F They gave French cinema industrial support in the European market.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案：E

    该项准确对应原因结构 By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy，两个并列手段缺一不可，并共同解释 achieved a dominant position。障碍在于选项将 own market 转换为 domestic market，将 by doing 改为过去时陈述，要求考生识别同义改写；同时，题干中的 producers 并非原文的 Americans 原词复现，也增加了主体替换难度。

    结果左回溯 不要从段首开始线性阅读。直接用 dominant position 与 First World War 定位 第3段 的目标句，再执行“结果左回看”：英文说明文常把原因置于结果前，看到 achieved 就向左抓取 by 后面的两个 -ing actions。然后以“两个并列手段是否齐全”为筛子判定正确项；任何只讲 Hollywood 后续、欧洲影响或他国状态的选项都不是方法答案。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

3 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群，每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇，能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. P1

    电影的早期快速扩张与形式演变

    这个 opening section 介绍了 cinema 在最初 thirty years 里的 major expansion，从少数 big cities 的 unusual phenomenon 迅速 spread across the world，同时 films 本身也从 short attractions 发展成为 full-length features，这种 unprecedented growth 奠定了整个 narrative 的 foundation。

    作为 expository article 的 introduction part，这个 sense group 通过描述 cinema 的 initial expansion 和 format evolution，为后续讨论各国在这个 global phenomenon 中的 roles 以及最终的 market dominance pattern 建立了 temporal framework 和 contextual background。

    说明扩张的起点和演变过程
  2. P2

    各国在电影发明与传播中的贡献差异

    这个 section 聚焦于 different nations 在 cinema development 中的 contributions，指出虽然多国都有 pioneers credited with invention，但 French 和 Americans 是最 passionate exporters，在 world-wide exploitation 和 artistic development 方面 took the lead，而 British 和 Germans 扮演了 relatively small role。

    这个 sense group 在 expository structure 中承担 analyzing contributing factors 的作用，通过 contrasting different countries' roles 来解释为什么后续会出现特定的 market dominance pattern，为 understanding American dominance 提供了 comparative context 和 historical roots。

    分析早期竞争格局与各方角色
  3. P3

    美国好莱坞确立并维持全球主导地位

    这个 concluding section 说明 United States 如何通过 protecting domestic market 和 vigorous export policy 在 First World War 前 achieved dominant position，Hollywood 成为新的 centre，其 films flooded world markets 并 maintained dominance ever since，其他 film industries 如 Italian 和 French 则 struggled to compete，只有 Germany、Russia 和 Japan 在 specific conditions 下 developed。

    作为 expository article 的 culminating section，这个 sense group 通过 detailing the outcome 和 long-term impact 来 complete the narrative arc，从 initial expansion 到 competitive landscape 再到 final dominance pattern，它不仅 describes the result 还 explains its lasting significance，giving the entire exposition a sense of closure。

    阐明美国主导地位的形成与影响
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出，每步说明看哪里、看出什么，可直接迁移到其他英语六级文章。

  1. 首段时空范围+核心现象 P1

    说明文的 opening paragraph 通常会 establish the scope 和 introduce the main subject，首段明确提出了 the history in its first thirty years 这个 temporal boundary，以及 expansion and growth 这个 core development，这直接 frame 了整篇文章要 explain 的 phenomenon

  2. 段落焦点的逻辑递进 P2 P3

    说明文的 body paragraphs 会按照 logical sequence 来 elaborate on the main idea，第二段 focus on geographical expansion 和 artistic development，第三段 shift to market competition 和 Hollywood's dominance。这个 from-where-to-who 的 progression 正是在 explain 首段提出的 expansion and growth 的 具体 manifestations

  3. 结尾段落重点分布 P3

    说明文的 concluding section 通常会 present the final state 或 most significant outcome，第三段大量篇幅 devoted to describing Hollywood's dominant position 和其他 film industries 的 struggles（Italian collapse, French difficulties），这个 endpoint 呼应了首段的 growth theme，显示文章在 explain how dominance was achieved

  4. 过程与结果的完整闭环 P1 P2 P3

    通过前三步，我们识别了 temporal scope（thirty years）、developmental stages（invention → export → dominance）和 final outcome（Hollywood hegemony）。这个 three-part structure 典型地 indicates 文章主旨是 explaining how something evolved and where it ended up，而不是 merely describing what exists 或 comparing different systems

主旨信号词 expansion and growth P1 dominant position P3 world-wide exploitation P2 flooded P3 by the start of the First World War P3

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

本文阐述了电影在最初三十年间的快速全球扩张，详细说明了电影如何从短片发展为长片,以及美国(尤其是好莱坞)如何在法国、德国等国家早期贡献的基础上,实现并保持了全球市场主导地位。
The article explains the rapid global expansion of cinema during its first thirty years, detailing how it evolved from short attractions to feature films, and how the United States, particularly Hollywood, achieved and maintained worldwide market dominance despite early contributions from France, Germany, and other nations.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

4 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典，只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语六级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • unparalleled 无与伦比的;空前的;无可比拟的

    我们来整合一下这些 clues。首先,从 syntactic structure 看,unparalleled 与 major 并列修饰 expansion,说明它是一个表示程度或性质的 adjective。然后从 morphology 分析,un- prefix 表示否定,如果 parallel 意为相似、可比,那么 unparalleled 就是无可比拟的意思。最后,contextual clue 中 'to this day' 强调了这种特征的持久性和独特性。三条线索共同指向:这是一种程度极高、独一无二、至今未被超越的 expansion。

    构词拆解与语境并列验证
  • pioneer 先驱;开拓者;创始人

    让我们把这些 clues 串联起来。首先,'be credited with invention' 这个 collocation 告诉我们 pioneers 是与创造、发明相关的 agents。其次,'new invention' 和 'world-wide exploitation' 的 context 表明这是一个 emerging field,pioneers 是在这个 field 中 take the lead 的人。最后,从 paragraph structure 看,作者在讨论 early stage 的 contributions,所以 pioneers 应该指 first movers 或 founding figures。综合这三点,我们可以推断出它的 meaning。

    动作搭配与时间定位结合
  • exploit 开发;利用;推广(商业性质)

    现在我们来综合分析。从 immediate context 看,'world-wide exploitation' 与 'play a role' 搭配,表明这是一个可以 participate in 的 process。接下来的 sentence 用 export、start cinema in various countries 来 elaborate 这个 process,说明 exploitation 涉及 spreading 和 establishing。再看 第3段 的 export policy,我们发现 exploitation 在这里有明确的 commercial dimension。因此,exploitation 应该是指对新发明的 commercial development 和 market expansion。

    抽象概念的具体行动映射
  • vigorous 有力的;积极的;充满活力的

    我们整合一下 reasoning chain。首先,从 cause-effect relationship 看,vigorous policy 是 achieving dominance 的 cause,所以它必然具有 effectiveness 和 strength。其次,从 concrete results 看,这个 policy 导致了 flood 般的 market penetration,说明其 intensity 和 energy 很高。最后,从 contrast 角度看,美国的 success 与其他国家的 failure 对比鲜明,进一步证实这个 policy 的 powerfulness。综合这三个 dimensions,vigorous 应该表示强有力的、积极的、充满活力的。

    因果逻辑、具体结果、对比反衬三维交叉
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认，也能写。

  • 列数字

    P1 P2 P3

    文章在开头就点明了 cinema 的 first thirty years 这个时间跨度，后续提到 a couple of minutes long 的短片如何演变为 full-length feature。这些 specific numbers 和 time frames 让读者对 cinema 的 rapid evolution 有了 concrete 的认知。通过 quantifiable details，作者把 abstract 的 expansion 概念变得 tangible and measurable，让读者能够 precisely grasp 电影发展的 time scale 和 transformation speed，从而支撑了文章关于 cinema 在短期内实现 major expansion 的 main argument。

    信号词 thirty years couple of minutes first before the First World War by the start of after

    仿写： 当你想说明某个事物的 development speed 或 scale of change 时，问自己：能否找到 specific time periods、numbers 或 measurements 来 quantify 这个变化？比如写科技发展时，不要只说 'developed rapidly'，而要说 'within the first decade' 或 'from 2 minutes to 2 hours'。仿写模版：In its first [具体时间段], [主题] transformed from [起始状态+数字] to [结束状态+数字], demonstrating [要说明的特征]。

  • 举例子

    P1 P2

    作者在论述 cinema 的 global spread 时，列举了 New York、London、Paris、Berlin 这些 specific big cities 作为 starting points。在讨论 international expansion 时，又举出 China、Japan、Latin America、Russia 等 concrete examples。这些 specific instances 让 'world-wide' 和 'across the world' 这样的 broad claims 有了 solid evidence。通过 tangible geographical examples，读者能够 visualize cinema 的 truly global reach，而不仅仅是一个 abstract statement，从而有力支撑了文章关于 cinema 实现 unprecedented expansion 的 central thesis。

    信号词 such as including notably for example in terms of

    仿写： 当你提出一个 broad claim 或 general trend 时，立即问自己：我能否提供 specific instances 来 demonstrate 这一点？选择 representative examples 时，确保它们 diverse yet typical，能够 cover different aspects 或 regions。避免只说 'many places' 或 'various countries'，而要 name them explicitly。仿写模版：[General statement about spread/influence], notably in [具体例子1], [具体例子2], [具体例子3] and [具体例子4], demonstrating [要说明的特征]。

  • 作比较

    P2 P3

    文章通过 comparing different countries 在 cinema development 中的 roles 来凸显 power dynamics。第二段对比了 French and Americans 作为 passionate exporters 与 British and Germans 的 relatively small role。第三段更详细地比较了各国 film industries 的 fates：Italian industry 'almost collapsed'，French cinema 'in a difficult position'，而 only Germany 'proved industrially capable'。这种 systematic comparison 清晰展现了 United States 特别是 Hollywood 如何从众多 competitors 中 emerge 并 achieve dominance，让文章的 main argument 关于 American dominance 显得更加 compelling and well-substantiated。

    信号词 relatively while only few even in contrast compared to whereas than

    仿写： 当你要说明某个 entity 的 superiority 或 unique position 时，不要 isolated description，而要通过 comparison 来 contextualize。建立 comparison framework：先确定 comparison criteria（如 industrial capacity、market position），然后 systematically apply 这个 criteria 到不同 subjects。使用 comparative structures like 'while A did X, B did Y' 或 'A proved capable, whereas B collapsed'。仿写模版：While [对象A] [取得的成就], [对象B] played a relatively [形容词] role. In contrast, [对象C] almost [负面结果], and only [对象D] proved [正面特征]。

  • 分类别

    P2 P3

    作者巧妙地将 cinema development 按照 different dimensions 进行分类。在第二段，按照 contribution types 分类：invention pioneers versus exporters versus artistic developers，并在每个 category 内进一步区分 leading countries 和 secondary contributors。第三段按 geographical regions 和 industrial outcomes 分类：European countries（further subdivided into successful like Germany and struggling like Italy/France）、American dominance、以及 isolated developments（Russia and Japan）。这种 multi-layered categorization 让 complex global cinema landscape 变得 structured and comprehensible，帮助读者 systematically understand 各国在不同 aspects 的 roles，最终支撑了关于 Hollywood dominance 的 central argument through organized evidence。

    信号词 In terms of regarding as for with respect to in the category of can be divided into

    仿写： 当面对 complex topic with multiple participants 或 aspects 时，先确定 classification criteria（按 function、geography、outcome 等）。明确表达你的 categories，可以用 'in terms of'、'regarding' 等 phrases 来 signal category shifts。确保 categories 是 mutually exclusive yet collectively exhaustive，即每个 element 明确归属某一 category，且所有重要 elements 都被涵盖。仿写模版：In terms of [分类标准A], [对象] can be divided into [类别1], [类别2], and [类别3]. Regarding [分类标准B], while [类别X] [特征], [类别Y] [不同特征]。

  • 下定义

    P1

    虽然文章没有 formal dictionary-style definitions，但作者通过 descriptive characterization 为 cinema's early form 下了 functional definition：'short "attractions" only a couple of minutes long' 定义了 early cinema 的 nature，而 'full-length feature' 则定义了 modern cinema form。这种 definitional contrast 让读者清楚理解 cinema 作为一种 medium 经历了怎样的 fundamental transformation。通过定义 starting point 和 endpoint，作者为后续讨论 expansion and dominance 建立了 clear conceptual framework，确保读者对 subject matter 有 shared understanding。

    信号词 is means refers to defined as characterized by known as

    仿写： 当引入 new concept 或 potentially ambiguous term 时，提供 working definition 通过描述其 key characteristics 或 typical manifestations。不必使用 'is defined as' 这样的 formal language，可以通过 appositive phrases（同位语）或 descriptive clauses 来 naturally integrate definitions。使用 concrete attributes（如 duration、form、function）来 characterize the concept。仿写模版：[概念], [具体特征1] and [具体特征2], [动词短语描述其作用或表现], establishing [该概念在更大语境中的定位]。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

7 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 早期电影发展规模空前

    P1
    one of major and, to this day, unparalleled expansion and growth

    极端程度词 unparalleled unprecedented unmatched unique exceptional extraordinary incomparable

    作者使用 unparalleled 这个词时,言外之意是在强调 cinema's first thirty years 的发展速度和规模 is unique in entertainment history,甚至到 to this day 都无法 be matched。这个 implicit message 为整篇文章 establishes 一个 grand narrative framework,告诉读者接下来要讨论的不是 ordinary phenomenon,而是一场 unprecedented cultural revolution。对文章主旨的价值在于:它 justifies 为什么值得 dedicate an entire article 来讨论这段历史,同时为后文详细描述 various countries' roles 和 Hollywood's dominance 提供了 contextual importance。

  • 电影取代了其他娱乐形式

    P1
    attracting larger and larger audiences wherever it was shown and replacing other forms of entertainment as it did so

    动作词暗示性 replacing superseding displacing overtaking supplanting crowding out pushing aside

    作者使用 replacing 而非 joining 或 adding to,言外之意是 cinema 不仅仅 became popular,而是在 actively displacing 已有的 entertainment forms,形成了一种 winner-takes-all dynamic。这个细节 reveals that cinema's expansion 是 disruptive 而非 incremental,是一场 entertainment revolution 而非 evolution。对主旨的价值在于:它解释了为什么 cinema 能够 achieve such rapid global expansion——不是因为 market expanded,而是因为它 took over existing entertainment markets,这为后文讨论 various countries competing for this lucrative market 提供了 underlying motivation。

  • 英德两国作用有限

    P2
    the British and the Germans played a relatively small role in its world-wide exploitation

    模糊限制语 relatively small relatively comparatively somewhat rather fairly moderately

    作者说 relatively small role 的言外之意是:虽然 British and Germans 确实是 inventors,但在 commercial exploitation 方面他们 pale in comparison to other nations。这个 qualified statement 为紧接着的 It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans 做了 perfect setup,形成了 contrast between invention and commercialization。对主旨的价值在于:它 clarifies that the article's focus 不是 technological innovation,而是 market expansion and dominance,这为后文 concentrate on 美国最终的 market dominance 提供了 logical progression,强调 commercial success matters more than initial invention in this narrative。

  • 美国市场保护导致优势

    P3
    By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy, the Americans achieved a dominant position

    因果关系介词短语 By protecting by protecting by pursuing through implementing via establishing by means of by way of

    作者使用 By protecting...and pursuing 这个结构,言外之意是 American dominance 不是 natural or inevitable outcome,而是 result of deliberate strategic choices——市场保护主义 combined with 进攻性出口政策。这个 framing 暗示了 a calculated approach to market control,区别于 French 和 Germans 的 approach。对主旨的价值在于:它 reveals the mechanism behind Hollywood's dominance,说明这不仅仅是 creative superiority 或 natural market forces,而是 strategic economic policies 的结果。这个 insight 为理解 why few industries proved competitive 提供了 foundation——不是因为他们 lacked talent,而是因为 they faced a strategically protected and aggressive competitor。

  • 多数国家电影业无法竞争

    P3
    Faced with total Hollywood domination, few film industries proved competitive

    数量限制词 few little scarcely any hardly any barely any only a handful merely

    作者使用 few proved competitive 的言外之意是 Hollywood domination 是 so overwhelming that competition 成为 exception rather than norm,这 sets up 一种 David vs. Goliath narrative。紧接着举的例子——Italian industry almost collapsed、Swedish brief glory、French difficult position——都是在 illustrate this general pattern of failure。对主旨的价值在于:它 demonstrates the completeness of American market dominance mentioned in the topic,showing that this was not just about being the largest market, but about creating conditions where competition became nearly impossible。这个 few 暗示的 widespread failure 与最后提到的 only Germany proved industrially capable 形成 dramatic contrast,强化了 the exceptional difficulty of competing with Hollywood。

  • 意大利电影业几近崩溃

    P3
    The Italian industry almost collapsed

    极限状态词 almost collapsed nearly vanished virtually disappeared on the verge of extinction barely survived came close to failing teetering on collapse

    作者使用 almost collapsed 的言外之意是 Italian cinema 遭受了 the most devastating impact among all competitors,代表了 worst-case scenario under Hollywood domination。这个 extreme example 不仅是 factual statement,更是 rhetorical device to show Hollywood's destructive power on established industries。对主旨的价值在于:它 provides the most dramatic evidence of American market dominance mentioned in the topic,showing that this dominance wasn't just about market share, but had the power to nearly destroy entire national film industries。放在 few proved competitive 之后的第一个例子,almost collapsed 为整个 spectrum of failures 设定了 the most extreme endpoint,使后续的 brief glory 和 difficult position 形成 gradation of impact。

  • 德国是欧洲唯一工业强国

    P3
    In Europe, only Germany proved industrially capable

    排他性限定词 only solely exclusively alone uniquely the sole the only one

    作者使用 only Germany 的言外之意是在 entire Europe,只有 Germany 具备了 the industrial strength and organizational capacity to withstand Hollywood competition,这将 Germany 与包括 France 在内的所有其他欧洲国家 sharply distinguished。这个 exclusive statement 暗示 industrial capability 不只是 creative talent,而是需要 strong economic foundation and organizational infrastructure。对主旨的价值在于:它 reinforces the main theme of American dominance by showing 即使在整个欧洲,能够 industrially compete 的也只有一个国家,这 underscores how complete and overwhelming Hollywood's market control was。同时,将 Germany 单独提出 also sets it apart as the only meaningful European challenger,为理解 post-WWI film market structure 提供了 key geographic division。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度：客观中立

结论先行：本文作者态度为客观中立（ objective and informative with historical appreciation）。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 时态与人称的选择 P1 P2 P3

    在说明文中，past tense combined with third-person narrative 通常表明作者在 present factual information 而非 express personal opinions，这种 detached narrative voice 是 neutral attitude 的核心 indicator。

  2. 修饰词的事实性判断 P1 P2

    在说明文里区分 descriptive adjectives 和 evaluative adjectives 非常关键。'unparalleled' 这样的词在 historical context 中是 factual descriptor 而非 emotional endorsement，因为它 describes an objective reality that can be verified through data。

  3. 对比结构的平衡性 P2 P3

    说明文中的 comparison patterns 能 reveal author's stance。如果作者 present multiple perspectives equally with phrases like 'while', 'though', 'on the other hand'，说明在 maintain equilibrium rather than advocate for one position，这是 objective attitude 的重要 signal。

  4. 情感表达的克制 P1 P2 P3

    在说明文中，emotional restraint 是 objectivity 的关键 marker。作者 refrain from using persuasive techniques 或 appeal to emotions，instead focusing on 'what happened' rather than 'what should be felt'，这种 stylistic choice 直接 indicates neutral stance。

  5. 多层次的一致性验证 P1 P2 P3

    说明文的 overall attitude 取决于 cumulative effect of linguistic choices。当所有 elements——tense, voice, vocabulary, structure——都 point toward information delivery rather than persuasion，作者的 stance 就是 objective and educational，目的是 illuminate rather than influence。

文中的态度信号词

  • major and unparalleled P1

    这些 descriptive adjectives 在说明文中用来 quantify historical importance，它们基于 measurable expansion 来 characterize cinema's growth，而不是 express personal admiration，因此 support the objective tone by providing factual assessment。

    同类词 major unparalleled significant remarkable notable

  • have been credited with P2

    这个 passive construction 使用 present perfect tense 来 indicate established historical consensus，作者 distance himself from the attribution by using passive voice，只是 report existing recognition rather than make personal claims，这是 objective reporting 的典型 marker。

    同类词 are recognized as are acknowledged to be are considered are regarded as are known for

  • played a relatively small role P2

    这个 comparative phrase 使用 'relatively' 来 make nuanced distinction based on historical facts，而不是 dismissive judgment，它 acknowledges different levels of contribution objectively，体现了 balanced assessment without negative bias。

    同类词 had limited impact contributed modestly were less influential had minor significance occupied a secondary position

  • in terms of P2

    这个 prepositional phrase 用来 introduce specific analytical dimensions，它 creates organizational clarity by signaling shifts between different aspects of discussion，这种 structural marker 帮助 maintain objective analytical framework by categorizing information systematically。

    同类词 with regard to concerning regarding as for when it comes to

  • achieved a dominant position P3

    这个 achievement verb phrase 描述 factual outcome of American cinema industry's strategy，使用 'achieved' 而不是 evaluative verbs like 'deserved' 或 'earned rightfully'，只是 state the result without moral judgment about whether this dominance was good or bad。

    同类词 gained supremacy established leadership secured control attained prominence reached preeminence

  • proved competitive / proved industrially capable P3

    这些 performance verbs 使用 'proved' 来 indicate demonstrated capabilities based on historical outcomes，它们 acknowledge different countries' results without emotional coloring，只是 report which industries survived or thrived under specific market conditions。

    同类词 proved competitive proved capable demonstrated ability showed resilience exhibited strength

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例，可直接迁移到其他英语六级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文？

  1. 首句呈现客观话题 P1

    本文 opening sentence 是 'The history of the cinema in its first thirty years is one of major and unparalleled expansion and growth'，这是在 introduce 一个 historical phenomenon，属于 objective description，而非 subjective argument 或 news reporting。议论文会以 controversial claim 开头，新闻报道会以 recent event 和 who-what-when-where 开头。

  2. 时间顺序组织框架 P1 P2 P3

    本文使用了明显的 time-based organization：第1段 讲 'first thirty years' 和 'beginning'，第2段 讲早期 pioneers 和 'before the First World War'，第3段 讲 'by the start of the First World War' 和 'after the First World War'。这种 chronological progression 是 expository writing 的 典型特征。议论文用 logic-based structure（thesis-evidence-conclusion），新闻报道用 inverted pyramid structure（most important first）。

  3. 中立客观叙述立场 P1 P2 P3

    本文通篇使用 factual statements 和 historical records，没有出现 evaluative language 或 author's personal judgment。例如用 'were credited with'、'played a role'、'achieved a position' 这些 neutral expressions 来 describe facts，而不是说 'should have done' 或 'unfortunately failed'。议论文会有明确的 author's position 和 persuasive language，新闻报道会有 attribution 和 quotations from sources。

  4. 三维特征综合识别 P1 P2 P3

    本文在 topic dimension 上 introduces cinema history（客观话题），在 structure dimension 上使用 chronological organization（外部时间线），在 voice dimension 上保持 factual description（中立叙述），三个维度完全契合 expository writing 的 defining features，因此可以迅速而准确地判定这是一篇说明文。

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁？

  • the history of P1 说明对象定义解释词 the nature of the definition of the concept of is defined as refers to
  • beginning as P1 说明顺序与例证词 starting from initially at first in the early stages originally
  • developed from...to P1 说明顺序与例证词 evolved from...into transformed from...to changed from...to progressed from...to shifted from...to
  • in terms of P2 事物属性功能描述词 with regard to as for concerning regarding in respect of
  • by the start of P3 说明顺序与例证词 by the end of by the time by the beginning of by then at that point
  • proved P3 事物属性功能描述词 turned out to be showed itself to be demonstrated revealed itself as emerged as
  • the new medium P1 说明对象定义解释词 this phenomenon this technology this development this innovation this invention
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

6 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 的常见问题

2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的主旨是什么？
2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章阐述了电影在最初三十年间的快速全球扩张，详细说明了电影如何从短片发展为长片,以及美国(尤其是好莱坞)如何在法国、德国等国家早期贡献的基础上,实现并保持了全球市场主导地位。（英文表述：The article explains the rapid global expansion of cinema during its first thirty years, detailing how it evolved from short attractions to feature films, and how the United States, particularly Hollywood, achieved and maintained worldwide market dominance despite early contributions from France, Germany, and other nations.）
2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章是什么体裁？难度如何？
体裁为说明文，作者立场是客观中立（objective and informative with historical appreciation）。CEFR 难度 C1，全文 346 词、3 段；在英语六级全部 593 篇真题文章中，C1 级共 343 篇（占 58%）。
2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的？
全文 3 段按说明文骨架分为 3 个意群：第1段——电影的早期快速扩张与形式演变；第2段——各国在电影发明与传播中的贡献差异；第3段——美国好莱坞确立并维持全球主导地位。
2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章的作者态度是什么？
作者态度是客观中立（objective and informative with historical appreciation）。判断路径：时态与人称的选择 → 修饰词的事实性判断 → 对比结构的平衡性 → 情感表达的克制 → 多层次的一致性验证；文中的态度信号词包括 major and unparalleled（第1段）、have been credited with（第2段）、played a relatively small role（第2段）、in terms of（第2段）、achieved a dominant position（第3段）、proved competitive / proved industrially capable（第3段）。
2015年6月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section C (3) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词？
按文中出现顺序共 4 个：unparalleled（无与伦比的;空前的;无可比拟的）、pioneer（先驱;开拓者;创始人）、exploit（开发;利用;推广(商业性质)）、vigorous（有力的;积极的;充满活力的），每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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