2015年6月英语六级真题第3套 Part III Section C (1)

文章开篇连续用了四个 rhetorical questions：一个关于 advice 的设问，接着三个关于国家名的追问（China? India? Brazil?），最后抛出 trade 这个真正的答案。这种 opening strategy 非常巧妙，通过 questions 来 engage readers 的思考，让他们预期会讨论某个 emerging market，但最终 reveal 的是 trade 这个更 fundamental 的概念。这个 technique 为全文的 thesis 做了铺垫，强调 trade 才是抓住 global opportunities 的关键，而不仅仅是盯着某个特定 market。

信号词 What How about Why Can Should Is it Don't you think Wouldn't you agree

仿写： 当你想 open 一篇议论文时，可以先提出一个看似 obvious 的 question，然后用几个 follow-up questions 来 challenge 这个 obvious answer，最后 reveal 你的真正观点。比如在讨论 career success 时，你可以问：'What's the key to success? Hard work? Talent? Luck?' 然后给出你的 unexpected answer。模版：'What's the [general concept]? [Option A]? [Option B]? [Option C]? How about [your unexpected answer]?' 这种 structure 能 immediately grab attention 并 set up 你的 unique perspective。

第四段用了 concrete examples 来支撑 trade benefits 的观点：shipping、trucking、rail freight、delivery、logistics 等 industries 都 reporting better results。这些 specific sectors 的列举不是随意的，而是精心选择的 evidence，它们都是 trade-dependent businesses。通过这些 tangible examples，作者让 abstract concept of 'trade growth' 变得 concrete and believable。接着又举了 agricultural goods、mining、metals、oil 等 commodity sectors 的例子，进一步 reinforce 了 trade 对 diverse industries 的 positive impact。

信号词 for example such as for instance including like especially particularly notably

仿写： 当你提出一个 general statement 时，immediately follow up 用 concrete examples 来 back it up。不要只给一个 example，而是列举 multiple instances 来 demonstrate 你观点的 breadth。比如在论证 technology benefits education 时，可以说：'在线教育平台如 Coursera、Khan Academy 和 edX 都让 millions of learners 获得了 quality education access。' 模版：'[General claim]. [Specific field/sector A], [B], [C] have all been [demonstrating evidence]. These rising [indicators] signify [deeper meaning].' 记住要用 parallel structure 来列举，让 examples 看起来 organized and powerful。

第五段用 General Motors 作为 concrete case 来 illustrate American companies 在 global economy 中的深度 involvement。这个 example 特别有 persuasive power，因为 GM 是典型的 American icon，而它在 China 的 sales 竟然 equal to America 的销量。这个 striking detail 让读者意识到 global markets 的 significance 不容忽视。作者还进一步解释这对 GM's balance sheet 和 U.S. executives' job stability 的 positive impact，将 example 与文章 main argument 关联起来。

信号词 for example take... as an example consider look at in the case of as illustrated by as shown by

仿写： 当你想 make a point about a trend 时，选择一个 well-known、representative 的 case 并 dive deep into specific details。不仅要说 what happened，还要 explain the implications。比如论证 remote work benefits 时：'Take Microsoft as an example—their shift to hybrid work model led to 20% increase in productivity and 15% reduction in operational costs, which directly contributed to stronger quarterly earnings and more secure positions for their 180,000 employees.' 模版：'[Company/Case] [specific action/situation]. [Quantitative detail]. While that may not [minor concern], it does [major benefit]—and hence [broader implication].' 关键是要 connect the example 到你的 larger argument。

第二段和第三段形成了明显的 contrast：第二段呈现 pessimistic view，认为 trade deficit 会导致 slower growth 和 economic problems；第三段用 'But' 转折，提出 'another way of looking at the trade data'，认为这些 figures 实际上 signal economic expansion 而非 recession。这种 two-sided presentation 让作者的 argument 更有 credibility，因为他先 acknowledge 了 opposing view，然后 refute 它。这个 contrast 为全文的 optimistic tone about trade 奠定了基础。

信号词 But However Yet On the other hand In contrast Conversely Nevertheless While... (in contrast) Unlike

仿写： 在建立你的 argument 时，先用一段 present 一个 common or opposing view，然后用转折词（But、However、Yet）引入你的 perspective。不要 dismiss the opposing view completely，而是 acknowledge 它的存在，然后 explain why 你的 interpretation 更 valid。比如：'Many believe AI will replace human jobs and cause unemployment. But there's another perspective—AI creates new job categories and enhances human productivity rather than eliminating it.' 模版：'[Common view with its supporting reasoning]. But there's another way of [looking at/understanding] [the issue]. [Your interpretation with evidence].' 这种 structure 让你的 argument 显得 balanced 且 thoughtful。

第四段展示了清晰的 causal chain：'when we import more stuff' → 'it puts more cash in the hands of people around the world' → 'U.S. exports are rising because more foreigners have the ability to buy'。这个 cause-and-effect relationship 解释了为什么 rising imports 不应该被 viewed negatively，因为它 creates purchasing power globally，which in turn benefits U.S. exports。这种 causal reasoning 让作者的 optimistic view about trade 有了 logical foundation，不是 empty optimism 而是 based on economic mechanics。

信号词 because when as a result therefore thus consequently since leads to contributes to results in

仿写： 当你想 explain why something is beneficial or problematic 时，explicitly map out the causal chain。使用 causal connectors 如 'because'、'when... it'、'as a result'、'therefore' 来 make relationships clear。比如论证 exercise benefits 时：'When people exercise regularly, it improves cardiovascular health, which reduces medical costs, and these savings can be redirected to education or innovation, ultimately boosting economic productivity.' 模版：'When [action A], it [consequence B], and [further explanation]. [Event X] because [cause Y].' 确保你的 causal links 是 logical 且每一步都能 stand up to scrutiny。避免 oversimplification 或 false causation。

第六段用 rhetorical question 'Can U.S.-based businesses, large and small, figure out how to get a piece of growing global demand?' 来 emphasize 文章的 central challenge。这个问题不是真的在 seek an answer，而是在 highlight the urgency and importance of 这个 issue。作者紧接着 provide 了答案（'through trade'），但这个 question format 让 readers 先 pause and reflect on the challenge，然后对 solution 更加 receptive。这种 technique 比 direct statement 更能 engage readers 的 critical thinking。

信号词 Can How can What if Why not Isn't it Shouldn't we Don't we need to Is it possible

仿写： 在你的 argument 展开到关键点时，用 rhetorical question 来 highlight the central challenge or opportunity。Question 应该 capture the essence of your argument 并让 readers realize the stakes。然后 immediately provide your answer or solution。比如在讨论 education reform 时：'Can our education system prepare students for jobs that don't exist yet? The answer lies in teaching adaptability rather than memorization.' 模版：'[Build up context]. [Key challenge as rhetorical question]? [Your answer/solution]. It may seem [acknowledge simplicity/difficulty], but [emphasize necessity].' 这种 pattern 让你的 solution 看起来既 inevitable 又 actionable。

第七段用了 parallel structure：'export more, or to get more involved in foreign markets, or to play a role in global trade'。这三个 infinitive phrases 形成了 rhythmic repetition，通过 'or' 连接，强调了 engage with global economy 的 multiple pathways。这种 parallelism 不仅在 structure 上 create harmony，在 meaning 上也层层递进，从具体的 'export' 到更广泛的 'foreign markets involvement' 再到最宏观的 'global trade role'。这个 rhetorical device 让 final warning 更有 force and memorability。

信号词 or and nor either... or neither... nor not only... but also both... and

仿写： 当你想 emphasize multiple related actions or aspects 时，使用 parallel structures 配合 'or'/'and' 来 connect them。确保每个 element 用相同的 grammatical form（都是 infinitives、都是 gerunds、或都是 noun phrases）。比如在论证 innovation requirements 时：'Companies that fail to invest in R&D, to attract top talent, or to adapt to market changes will inevitably fall behind.' 模版：'[Subject] who don't [verb phrase 1], or to [verb phrase 2], or to [verb phrase 3], are [consequence].' 通常用三个 parallel elements（tricolon）最有 rhetorical power。让每个 element 在 scope 或 intensity 上有 subtle progression。

文章最后用 'lion's share' 这个 metaphor 来形容 global economic opportunities 的 majority portion。这个 idiom 源自 fable，指最大的那部分，用 vivid image（狮子分得最多）来让 abstract concept（majority of opportunities）变得 concrete and memorable。这个 metaphor 在 conclusion 特别 powerful，因为它 creates a sense of urgency—如果不参与 global trade，就会错过 the biggest piece of the pie。这比说 'most opportunities' 更有 visual impact 和 emotional resonance。

信号词 like as as if metaphorically in other words is a represents

仿写： 在你的 conclusion 或 key points 时，选择一个 culturally familiar metaphor 来 crystallize your message。Metaphor 应该 resonate with your audience 并且 fit the tone of your argument。比如论证 innovation importance 时：'Companies unwilling to innovate are like sailors refusing to adjust their sails—they'll drift while others catch the wind of progress.' 模版：'[Those who don't take your recommended action] are [missing out on/shutting themselves out of] the [metaphorical object representing opportunity].' 或者 '[Subject without action] are like [concrete comparison that illustrates consequences].' 确保 metaphor 不是 cliché，而是 fresh and appropriate for your context。