2015年6月·第3套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

How do pessimists interpret the U.S. trade deficit in June? 问的是"悲观派如何解读"，指向原文某一处具体陈述。

How do pessimists interpret the U.S. trade deficit in June? 是一个 how 引导的特殊疑问句，主语 pessimists，谓语 interpret，宾语 the U.S. trade deficit in June。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  It reflects Americans' preference for imported goods. 把贸易逆差归因于美国人"偏好进口商品"，但 pessimists say 那句完全没谈消费者偏好，纯是"宏观增速被拖累"。

• B)过度推断

  It signifies a change in American economic structure. 把贸易逆差升级为"经济结构变化"的征兆，P2 只提到 GDP 数字变小，并未谈结构层面的转变。

• C)✓ 正确
  • they could contribute to slower growth↔It could lead to slower growth of the national economy.

  It could lead to slower growth of the national economy. 与预判"导致经济增长放缓"逐词对应，情态动词 could 也与原文 could contribute to 一致，不夸大不弱化。

• D)与原文相反

  It is the result of America's growing focus on domestic market. 把贸易逆差解释成"美国越来越聚焦国内市场"，与 Imports, which soared to $200.3 billion 暗示的"进口飙升"完全相反。

What does the author say about the trade data of the past two years? 指向作者就某一具体话题的明确陈述，定位即可解。

What does the author say about the trade data of the past two years? 是 what 引导的特殊疑问句，问的是 say about 的内容；about 介词短语限定话题范围。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • but an economic expansion↔It indicates that economic activities in the U.S. have increased.

  预判要的就是"经济在扩张"，It indicates that economic activities in the U.S. have increased. 用现在完成时"have increased"复述"扩张"，与作者立场逐字对齐。

• B)偷换概念

  It signals decreasing domestic demand for goods and services. 把贸易数据解读成"国内需求下降的信号"，P3 只谈"扩张/二次衰退"，未把数据与国内需求挂钩。

• C)无中生有

  It reflects the fluctuations in the international market. 引入"国际市场波动"，P3 既未提波动、也未对国际市场作此描述。

• D)与原文相反

  It shows that U.S. economy is slipping further into recession. 说"美国经济进一步陷入衰退"，恰恰是 not to signal a double-dip recession 否定的内容。

Who particularly benefits from the rising volume of trade? 问的是"具体哪类人"，属典型的指人细节题。

Who particularly benefits from the rising volume of trade? 是 who 引导的特殊疑问句，benefits 是不及物动词，from 引导动作来源。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  People who have expertise in international trade. 把受益群体限定为"国际贸易专才"，P4 谈的是 shipping/trucking/物流/大宗商品从业者，没有"专才"这一限定。

• B)张冠李戴

  Consumers who favor imported goods and services. 把受益方说成"偏好进口商品的消费者"，P4 通篇谈的是企业与生产者，不是消费者。

• C)✓ 正确
  • those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price—agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil↔Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials.

  Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials. 把原文四项列举（农产品+矿、金属、油）精准归并为 agricultural goods + raw materials，与预判一一对应。

• D)无中生有

  Retailers dealing in foreign goods and services. 引入"零售商"，P4 完全没有 retailer 这一身份，也没把"零售"与受益挂钩。

What is one of the challenges facing the American economy? 指向原文具体列举的某一项挑战，属典型细节题。

What is one of the challenges facing the American economy? 是 what 引导的特殊疑问句；facing the American economy 是现在分词短语作 challenges 的后置定语。结构清晰，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  Decreasing productivity. 引入"生产率下降"，P6 完全未涉及 productivity 这一概念。

• B)无中生有

  Competition from overseas. 引入"海外竞争"，P6 只谈"国内消费疲软"以及"如何抓住全球需求"，没把竞争作为挑战提出来。

• C)✓ 正确
  • slack domestic consumer demand↔People's reluctance to spend.
  • Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully.↔People's reluctance to spend.

  People's reluctance to spend. 是对 slack domestic consumer demand 与紧随其后的三项行为列举的最准确归纳，无加无减。

• D)偷换概念

  Slack trade activities. 把 P6 的 slack 错挂到 trade 上，但 P6 中 slack 修饰的对象是 domestic consumer demand，而非 trade。

What is the author's advice to U.S. companies and individuals? 问作者面向全部受众的建议，是全文论点的落地表述，需要把全文走向串起来作答。

What is the author's advice to U.S. companies and individuals? 是 what 引导的特殊疑问句；to U.S. companies and individuals 是介词短语，指明建议对象。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  To import more cheap goods from developing countries. 把建议说成"从发展中国家进口廉价商品"，P6/P7 谈的是"出口"和"参与外国市场"，与"进口廉价商品"方向相反。

• B)✓ 正确
  • a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markets, or to play a role in global trade↔To increase their market share overseas.
  • the best way to do that is through trade↔To increase their market share overseas.

  To increase their market share overseas. 把 P6 末句的"借贸易抓全球需求"与 P7 的"出口/参与外国市场/全球贸易"统一收口为"在海外扩大市场份额"，覆盖全部受众。

• C)无中生有

  To be alert to fluctuations in foreign markets. 引入"警惕外国市场波动"的建议，P6/P7 通篇没有 fluctuation 这一议题。

• D)与原文相反

  To move their companies to where labor is cheaper. 把建议说成"把公司搬到劳动力更便宜的地方"，Unless you want to pick up and move to India, or Brazil, or China 恰恰是把"搬过去"当成"除非"前提，作者真正建议是"通过贸易"代替搬迁。