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2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1)
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2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1)

对话 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1) 文章的精读视角页——这篇对话全文 291 词、7 段，CEFR 难度 B2（B2 级在英语六级文章中占 39%）；英文原文之外，本篇已有的 6 项精读维度逐项展开，其中能迁移到其他英语六级真题文章的判断方法（篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判）随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号（P1）都可以点——点一下，原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段，解析引用的原文同步标亮；合上原文，你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

7 段英文原文

以下为2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1) 的听力原文，由懒笔记按试卷原文逐段核对收录，共 7 段。左侧 P1–P7 是段落编号——本页全部解析（结构、逐段、修辞、自检题）都以它为坐标回指原文，点击解析里的段号，原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮；合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态，不带翻译与标注。

M: And now, for the lighter side of the news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste.

W: That's right, John. This week, the Italian government passed legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted in the country. New laws have been put into place that would make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate unsold foods to those who are in need.

M: Yes, in addition to this, businesses will now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste.

W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste. Just earlier this year, the European Parliament voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste.

M: In France, the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations.

W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy. In the United States, up to 40% of all food goes uneaten, despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food. One major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government.

M: All this could change soon. This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on lawmakers to reduce food waste here. We turn now to a spokesperson from Harvard University's Food Law and Policy Clinic for more on the story. And now, let's welcome Professor Edward Baker to speak to us.

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

7 个意群的对话骨架

按对话 的行文骨架切分意群，每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇，能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. P1

    新闻开场与话题引入

    这是 news program 的 opening，male anchor 用 lighter side of the news 这个 phrase 来 introduce topic，指出 Europe 在 food waste 方面正在 setting an example，这是典型的 broadcast news 的 lead-in technique，用轻松的 tone 来 attract audience attention。

    作为 dialogue 的 opening move，这个 segment establishes 整个 discussion 的 central topic，male anchor 通过 Europe is setting an example 这个 statement 为后续的 detailed examples 做了 preview，这是 news dialogue 中常见的 topic announcement function。

    引出欧洲减少食物浪费的话题
  2. P2

    意大利立法举措详述

    Female anchor 在这里 provides first concrete example，详细阐述 Italian government 刚刚 passed 的 legislation，通过 'That's right' 这个 agreement marker 来 acknowledge 前面的 statement，然后用 'This week' 这个 time reference 给出 specific case，说明 new laws 让 farms 和 supermarkets 更容易 donate unsold foods to those in need。

    这个 segment 作为 first major example，demonstrates 主旨中提到的 European efforts 的 concrete manifestation。Female anchor 通过 provide factual details about Italian legislation，让 abstract concept of 'setting an example' 变得 tangible，这是 news dialogue 中 exemplification strategy 的典型运用。

    介绍意大利具体立法措施
  3. P3

    意大利激励机制补充

    Male anchor 用 'Yes, in addition to this' 这个 additive marker 来 build on 前面的 information，补充说明 businesses 现在会因为 successful efforts to cut food waste 而 receive rewards。这是 short collaborative turn，展示了 dialogue 中的 co-construction pattern。

    这个 segment extends 前一个 sense group 的 information about Italian legislation，通过 introduce incentive mechanism 来 show policy 的 comprehensive nature。在 dialogue structure 中，这种 short follow-up turn demonstrates collaborative meaning-making，让 audience 看到 policy 不仅有 regulatory aspect（捐赠机制）还有 positive reinforcement（奖励机制）。

    补充意大利立法的激励措施
  4. P4

    欧洲层面立法拓展

    Female anchor 通过 'Italy is not the only country' 这个 negative statement 来 broaden scope，从 single country example 转向 European Parliament level 的 legislation。她用 'Just earlier this year' 提供 temporal context，说明 legislation aimed at stopping unfair trading practices that cause overproduction and waste，这是 scale-up move in dialogue progression。

    这个 segment performs crucial function in dialogue structure：它 shifts focus 从 individual country（Italy）到 supranational level（European Parliament），demonstrating 主旨中 'European efforts' 的 broader scope。这个 move 让 audience 理解 food waste reduction 不仅是 isolated national initiative，而是 coordinated European movement。

    扩展至欧盟层面的立法
  5. P5

    法国立法案例补充

    Male anchor 在这里 introduces France as second country-specific example，说明 French government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods 并 imposed harsh penalties。这个 turn provides parallel example to Italy，展示 another national approach within European context。

    这个 segment 在 dialogue structure 中 serves as second country example，paralleling 意群_2 和 意群_3 about Italy。通过 introduce France's stricter approach（ban 和 penalties），它 demonstrates variety in European legislative strategies，enriching 主旨中 'European efforts' 的 concrete meaning。这个 back-and-forth pattern between speakers creates balanced presentation。

    介绍法国具体立法措施
  6. P6

    美国问题对比与根源分析

    Female anchor 用 'While there is still much progress to be made' 这个 concessive clause 来 transition，然后 pivot to United States，指出 up to 40% of food goes uneaten despite food insecurity problem。她 identifies root cause：confusion over expiration labels which are not government-regulated。这是 dialogue 中 major thematic shift，从 positive European examples 到 problematic US situation。

    这个 segment performs critical function：它 provides contrastive context 让 European efforts 显得更 significant。通过 juxtapose US problem（40% waste, regulatory gap）with European solutions，dialogue creates implicit argument for policy action。这个 contrast 也 aligns with 主旨中的 'contrasting these initiatives with...United States'，是 dialogue 的 rhetorical turning point。

    对比美国食物浪费现状及原因
  7. P7

    趋势预测与专家引入

    Male anchor 在 closing segment 做两件事：用 'All this could change soon' 预测 European laws 会 put pressure on US lawmakers，然后 transition to expert interview，introduce Professor Edward Baker from Harvard。这个 turn combines forward-looking statement with procedural move（bringing in expert），是 typical news dialogue closing strategy before shifting to interview format。

    这个 segment serves dual function in dialogue structure：1) 它 provides forward-looking closure to discussion about European-US contrast，suggesting potential policy convergence，2) 它 performs meta-discursive function by introducing next segment of program（expert interview）。这个 transition maintains dialogue flow while signaling shift in participation structure（从 anchor conversation 到 expert commentary）。

    预测趋势并引入专家视角
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

5 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 5 步按2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出，每步说明看哪里、看出什么，可直接迁移到其他英语六级文章。

  1. 识别新闻播报框架 P1

    对话开场的 'for the lighter side of the news' 和 'Europe is setting an example' 直接 signal 了这是 news report format，而不是普通的 daily chat，这种 opening remark 奠定了整个对话的 informative tone

  2. 捕捉核心议题陈述 P2

    'legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted' 这句直接 point out 了 core topic，后续所有的 examples（Italy, France）都是围绕这个 central theme 展开的 supporting evidence

  3. 追踪地域范围扩展 P2 P4 P5

    从 Italy（第2段）到 European Parliament（第4段）再到 France（第5段），展现了 European-wide efforts，这个 geographic progression 说明主旨的 scope 是 European initiatives，不是 single country case study

  4. 捕捉对比转折点 P6

    第6段 的 'While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn...' 和 'In the United States, up to 40% of all food goes uneaten' 形成了 Europe vs. US 的 sharp contrast，这个 contrastive turn 把主旨从 single region report 升级为 comparative analysis

  5. 综合要素成主旨 P1 P2 P4 P5 P6

    综合前面的 elements：central topic 是 food waste reduction，geographic scope 是 Europe（Italy, France），contrasting case 是 US，causal link 是 legislation vs. regulatory gaps。这四个 components 组合起来就是完整的 main idea

主旨信号词 legislation P2 dramatically reduce P2 example P1 While P6 food waste P1 not regulated P6

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

一场关于欧洲通过意大利和法国新立法减少食物浪费努力的新闻讨论,将这些举措与美国严重的食物浪费问题进行对比,美国的监管空白导致了广泛的浪费,尽管存在食品不安全问题。
A news discussion about European efforts to reduce food waste through new legislation in Italy and France, contrasting these initiatives with the significant food waste problem in the United States, where regulatory gaps contribute to widespread waste despite food insecurity.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

5 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典，只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语六级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • legislation 立法;法规

    让我们把这些 clues 串起来:首先,从 syntactic structure 看,government passed legislation 和 Parliament voted in favor of legislation 这两个结构都表明 legislation 是政府机构制定或通过的对象;其次,从 function 看,它能够 reduce food waste、stop unfair practices,具有 regulatory power;最后,从 morphology 看,legis- 词根直接指向 law。三条线索共同指向一个结论:legislation 是具有 binding force 的 law 或 law-making process。

    搭配-功能-构词三角定位
  • donate 捐赠;捐献

    从 structural analysis 看,donate 连接了 supplier(farms/supermarkets)、resource(unsold foods)和 beneficiary(those in need);从 contextual logic 看,它是解决 food waste 和 food insecurity 这对 paradox 的 bridge mechanism。两条线索都指向同一个核心:这是一种 voluntary transfer,from those who have surplus to those who lack,而且 without expecting return。这种 one-way、altruistic transfer 就是 donation 的 essence。

    角色-关系-动机三层解析
  • comply 遵守;服从

    从 cause-effect relationship 看,fail to comply 导致 harsh penalties,说明 comply 是 avoiding punishment 的 necessary condition,即"做符合要求的事";从 collocational pattern 看,comply with regulations 的 structure 与 obey/follow the rules 平行,都表示 conforming to requirements。两条线索聚焦于同一 meaning:comply 表示按照 external standards 或 rules 行事,即"遵守、服从"。

    对立推断加搭配验证
  • edible 可食用的

    从 pragmatic logic 看,禁止扔掉 edible foods 的 policy rationale 是这些 foods 仍有 value、不应 waste,说明 edible 描述"仍可使用"的状态;从 morphology 看,ed-(eat) + -ible(可以被)= "可以被吃的"。Contextual reasoning 和 word structure 双重验证,confirm edible 表示食物处于"适合食用"的状态。

    价值判断加构词拆解
  • uneaten 未被吃的;未被食用的

    从 contextual expectation 看,在 food waste 的 discussion 中,uneaten 描述 food 的 problematic end state——它没有 fulfill 其 intended purpose(being eaten);从 morphological structure 看,un-(not) + eaten(past participle of eat)= "未被吃的"。Context 和 word formation 一致指向:uneaten 表示食物"未被食用"的状态,强调 potential 的 waste。

    预期偏离分析
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

6 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认，也能写。

  • 语气词

    P1

    对话开头使用了 'And now, for the lighter side of the news' 这个 transitional phrase，其中 'lighter side' 是个典型的 softening expression。这个 phrase 在新闻对话中起到了 tone-setting 的作用，它暗示接下来的 topic 虽然严肃但会以更 positive 的 angle 呈现。这种 framing device 让听众从心理上准备接受一个关于 food waste 的 serious issue，但通过 Europe's example 看到 hope 和 progress。

    信号词 And now On a more positive note Looking at the brighter side Interestingly enough What's encouraging is On the other hand Speaking of which

    仿写： 当你需要 introduce a topic 时，可以用类似的 transitional softeners。比如讨论环境问题时说 'On a more positive note'，或者 'Looking at the brighter side'。模版：'And now, for the [形容词] side of [话题], [具体内容]' 或者 'On a more [positive/encouraging/hopeful] note, [观点]'。

  • 重复

    P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    对话通过反复提及 'food waste' 这个 central term 来实现 thematic unity。这个 repeated phrase 像一根 thread 贯穿整个 discussion，从 Italy's new laws 到 France's penalties，再到 US's problem。每次 repetition 都在 build up 对这个 global issue 的认识，同时也 emphasize 其 urgency 和 prevalence。

    信号词 food waste reduce food waste reducing food waste food wasted waste

    仿写： 在构建 argumentative dialogue 时，identify your central term 或 phrase，然后 intentionally weave it 贯穿各个 examples。不要只是 mechanically repeat，而要在不同 contexts 中 reinforce it。模版：在 opening statement 引入 key term → 在 each supporting point 中 naturally incorporate it → 在 conclusion 中 echo it back。比如讨论 'climate action' 时，让这个 phrase 出现在 introduction，每个 country example，和 final call to action 中。

  • 语气词

    P2

    'That's right' 这个 agreement marker 在对话的 second turn 出现，它 signals alignment 和 validates 前面 speaker 的 statement。在新闻 dialogue 中，这种 conversational affirmation 创造了 collaborative atmosphere，showing that speakers 是在 build on each other's points 而不是 compete。它也 helps transition smoothly 从 introduction 到 detailed explanation，making the exchange 感觉更 natural 和 engaging。

    信号词 That's right Exactly Absolutely Indeed Precisely You're right That's correct I agree

    仿写： 在 dialogue writing 中，用 agreement markers 来 connect speakers 的 contributions。After your partner makes a point，用 'That's right', 'Exactly', 'Absolutely', 'Indeed' 等来 acknowledge 然后 expand。模版：'[Agreement marker], [name]. [Extended explanation or additional point]'。比如：'Exactly, Sarah. And building on that point, we should also consider...'

  • 语气词

    P3

    'Yes, in addition to this' 是个 compound marker，combining affirmation 和 additive transition。'Yes' 提供 agreement，while 'in addition to this' signals 要 introduce supplementary information。这个 combination 在对话中 serves dual purpose：它 acknowledges 前面的 point about donations，同时 smoothly pivots 到 another aspect（business rewards）。这种 layered transition 让对话保持 logical flow 而不显得 abrupt。

    信号词 Yes, in addition to this Indeed, furthermore Absolutely, moreover Right, and what's more Exactly, on top of that True, and beyond that

    仿写： 创建 smooth transitions 时，combine agreement with directional markers。用 'Yes/Indeed/Absolutely + transitional phrase' 的结构。模版：'[Affirmation], [transition marker], [new point]'。Examples: 'Indeed, building on that point, ...', 'Absolutely, and what's more, ...', 'Yes, beyond this, ...'。这样的 structure 让你 acknowledge previous speaker 同时 move forward。

  • 省略

    P6

    在 第6段 中，'While there is still much progress to be made' 这个 concessive clause 省略了 specific details about what progress 或 which areas need improvement。这种 strategic vagueness 让 statement 更 diplomatic，承认 limitations without dwelling on them，然后快速 pivot to the positive examples。接着 'one in seven American households' 的 statistic 也 omits details about these households' specific situations，用 'lacks regular access to good food' 这个 broad phrase 来 summarize complex issues。这种 elliptical style 保持 dialogue moving 而不 bog down in excessive detail。

    信号词 While Though Although Despite Even though Notwithstanding

    仿写： 使用 concessive clauses with ellipsis 来 acknowledge limitations quickly。模版：'While [general acknowledgment of challenge/gap], [main point with specific example]'。比如：'While challenges remain, Germany has shown...' 或 'Though much work lies ahead, these initiatives...'。这让你 appear balanced without sacrificing focus on your main argument。

  • 语气词

    P7

    'We turn now to' 是个 formal transition marker，signaling a shift in the dialogue structure。在这个 context 中，它 marks the move from discussion between two hosts 到 introducing an expert guest。这个 phrase 的 formality 提升了 register，indicating that the conversation 即将 deepen 或 become more authoritative。它也 creates anticipation 和 lends credibility to what follows，preparing listeners for expert analysis。

    信号词 We turn now to Let's turn to Moving to Shifting our attention to Let's now focus on We now bring in Next, we have

    仿写： 当你需要 introduce a new segment 或 new speaker 时，用 formal markers to signal the shift。模版：'We turn now to [topic/person]', 'Let's move to [new aspect]', 'We now shift our focus to [area]'。配合 'And now, let's welcome [name]' 这样的 introduction phrases。这种 formal framing 特别适合 interviews, panels, 或 structured discussions。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

9 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 新闻轻松面背后的严肃议题

    P1
    for the lighter side of the news, Europe is setting an example

    委婉表达 lighter side on a lighter note silver lining bright spot positive angle upside encouraging aspect

    主持人用 lighter side 来 frame food waste issue,实际传递的 implication 是:这个 topic 本身很 serious,但 Europe 的 positive actions 值得 highlight。这为整个 dialogue 定下 tone:虽然 food waste 是 grave problem,但通过讨论 successful legislation,可以带来 hope 和 solution。这个 opening 的 pragmatic function 是让 audience 保持 engaged 而不 overwhelmed,同时强化 article theme 中 European initiatives 作为 positive example 的 role。

  • 立法目标的雄心与现实差距

    P2
    legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted

    情态词 aims to intends to seeks to hopes to plans to strives to aspires to

    使用 aims to 而不是 will reduce 传递的 underlying message 是:虽然 Italy 的 legislation 是 step forward,但其 actual effectiveness 需要 time to prove。这个 subtle distinction 对 article theme 很重要,因为它保持了 journalistic objectivity,既 acknowledging positive initiative,又不 overstating unproven results。这种 nuanced reporting 让 discussion 更 credible,同时为后面提到 'still much progress to be made' 的 evaluation 埋下 foreshadowing。

  • 激励措施的条件性暗示

    P3
    businesses will now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste

    条件限制语 will now be rewarded for successful efforts for successful efforts provided that on condition that subject to contingent upon dependent on

    这个 reward structure 传递的 deeper meaning 是:Italy 的 approach 不仅是 punitive regulation,更是 positive reinforcement with accountability。Successful efforts 这个 qualifier 暗示 government 会 monitor and evaluate performance,只有 genuinely effective measures 才能获得 reward。这对 article theme 的 contribution 是展示 European legislation 的 sophistication:combining donation facilitation, business incentives, 和 performance standards,形成 comprehensive framework。这种 multi-pronged approach 强化了 Europe 作为 role model 的 credibility。

  • 更广泛行动的系统性问题指向

    P4
    Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste

    否定限制语 not the only not just not merely not alone not limited to not simply far from the only

    Not the only 传递的 implication 是:food waste reduction 不是 Italy 的 isolated initiative,而是 European trend,这大大 strengthen 了 argument 的 weight。这对 article theme 至关重要,因为它从 single country example 建立起 regional consensus,证明这不是 one-off experiment,而是 coordinated or parallel efforts reflecting shared values。这为后面 contrast with US 做铺垫:Europe as a whole 正在 take action,而 America 仍在 lag behind,这种 continental-level comparison 让 pressure on US lawmakers 更加 justified。

  • 严厉惩罚背后的执行决心

    P5
    imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply

    强调性修饰语 harsh penalties severe punishment strict sanctions hefty fines tough measures stringent consequences heavy penalties

    Harsh penalties 传递的 underlying message 是:France 不仅 encourage compliance,更 mandate it through strong enforcement。这个 tough approach 对 article theme 的 role 是展示 European countries 的 seriousness:不是 symbolic gesture,而是 backed by real consequences。这种 enforcement mechanism 的 emphasis 对比后面 US 的 'not regulated by government',凸显 regulatory gap。Harsh 这个词的 selection 暗示 speakers 认为 strong measures 是 necessary and justified,reinforcing Europe 作为 exemplary model 值得 US 学习的 narrative。

  • 进步承认中的问题持续性

    P6
    While there is still much progress to be made

    让步类 still much progress to be made yet challenges remain but more work needed despite these efforts however, gaps persist still a long way to go nonetheless, issues continue

    Still much progress to be made 传递的 deeper implication 是:即使 Europe 的 efforts 值得 praise,food waste 仍是 persistent problem requiring sustained action。这个 concession 对 article theme 很关键,因为它 prevent 过度 glorifying European approach,保持 journalistic balance。同时,这个 qualifier 为 transitioning to US situation 创造 natural opening:如果连 leading countries 都还有 much to do,那么 US 的 40% waste rate 就显得更加 alarming。这种 measured tone 让后续对 US 的 criticism 更 credible,因为 speaker 不是 idealizing Europe,而是 presenting it as imperfect but progressing example。

  • 统计数据背后的道德悖论

    P6
    up to 40% of all food goes uneaten, despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food

    对比类 despite the fact that although even though in spite of notwithstanding yet while at the same time

    Despite the fact that 传递的 powerful implication 是:US food waste 不仅是 environmental issue,更是 social justice issue。将 40% waste 和 one in seven households' hunger 并置,creates stark moral indictment:这不是 resource scarcity,而是 distribution and priority problem。这对 article theme 至关重要,因为它 elevate discussion from technical policy to ethical imperative。这个 contrast 也 intensify 之前提到的 European example 的 significance:if Europe can address this,US 的 inaction 就显得更加 indefensible。这种 emotional appeal through factual juxtaposition 是 call for action 的 rhetorical foundation。

  • 监管空白的责任归属

    P6
    food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government

    否定陈述 currently not regulated not regulated lack of regulation absence of oversight no government control unregulated without legal framework

    Currently not regulated 传递的 crucial implication 是:US food waste problem 的 major cause 是 solvable regulatory gap,not insurmountable obstacle。这个 diagnosis 对 article theme 的 role 是 provide actionable pathway:如果 expiration labels 能被 regulated,significant waste 可被 prevented。Currently 这个 temporal modifier 暗示 change is possible and perhaps imminent,为下一段 'all this could change soon' 创造 anticipation。这种 framing 将 US 的 inaction 从 complex social issue 简化为 legislative will problem,使 European laws 的 pressure effect 更加 relevant and urgent。

  • 欧洲影响力的传导预期

    P7
    This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on lawmakers to reduce food waste here

    情态词 will definitely put more pressure will definitely will certainly undoubtedly will is bound to inevitably will surely will

    Will definitely 传递的 underlying message 是:European initiatives 的 ripple effect 是 inevitable,US lawmakers 将 face mounting pressure to act。这个 confident projection 对 article theme 是 crucial closing move:整个 discussion 从 describing European actions 到 diagnosing US problems,最后 converge on prediction of change。Definitely 的 use 不只是 forecasting,更是 advocating:by presenting change as certain,speaker 在 normalizing expectation of US response,potentially influencing policy momentum。这个 optimistic note 也为 introducing expert guest 做 transition,暗示 deeper analysis will follow to substantiate this prediction。

SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

7 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1) 的常见问题

2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1) 文章的主旨是什么？
一场关于欧洲通过意大利和法国新立法减少食物浪费努力的新闻讨论,将这些举措与美国严重的食物浪费问题进行对比,美国的监管空白导致了广泛的浪费,尽管存在食品不安全问题。（英文表述：A news discussion about European efforts to reduce food waste through new legislation in Italy and France, contrasting these initiatives with the significant food waste problem in the United States, where regulatory gaps contribute to widespread waste despite food insecurity.）
2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1) 文章是什么体裁？难度如何？
体裁为对话。CEFR 难度 B2，全文 291 词、7 段；在英语六级全部 593 篇真题文章中，B2 级共 233 篇（占 39%）。
2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的？
全文 7 段按对话骨架分为 7 个意群：第1段——新闻开场与话题引入；第2段——意大利立法举措详述；第3段——意大利激励机制补充；第4段——欧洲层面立法拓展；第5段——法国立法案例补充；第6段——美国问题对比与根源分析；第7段——趋势预测与专家引入。
2017年12月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section A (1) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词？
按文中出现顺序共 5 个：legislation（立法;法规）、donate（捐赠;捐献）、comply（遵守;服从）、edible（可食用的）、uneaten（未被吃的;未被食用的），每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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