2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1)
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2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1)

说明文 · 听力 · 真题文章逐层精读

本页是 2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 267 词、5 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在英语六级文章中占 39%),作者立场为「客观中立」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他英语六级真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

5 段英文原文

以下为2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 的听力原文,共 5 段。左侧 P1–P5 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

Weather is a constant force in our lives, but there is little marketing research on how it affects businesses. Now, a new study reveals how sunny and snowy conditions influence consumer behavior.

Those weather conditions trigger consumers to mentally visualize using products associated with the respective weather. This leads to consumers placing a higher value on those products. That is, they're willing to pay more money for them. But the correlation is only found with products related to being outside.

How does this work? Researchers give the example of a beach towel. On a sunny day, consumers who see that product are not just looking at the towel itself, they are likely imagining themselves lying on the towel in the sun. This mental picture of using the towel increases the value of the product in the consumers' mind.

Researchers put forward the following hypothesis to explain their findings. They think the mental picture works in sunshine and snow because these weather conditions have a positive association with outside activities. The effect is not seen with rainy weather. Researchers assert this is because there aren't many activities that are enabled by rain. Most products associated with rain, like umbrellas, are only used for protection from the weather, and not for any activities.

Researchers believe that companies that sell a wide array of products online can benefit most from the insights this study provides. Online sellers often use complex mathematical formulas to determine what products to feature and how to price these products. Incorporating more data about weather would allow them to make better decisions. This could bolster sales.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

5 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    Weather and Consumer Behavior

    A new study investigates how sunny and snowy weather influences consumer behavior.

    这一段承担 opening 的功能,它先建立“天气影响商业”这一研究语境,再引出 study,为下文说明天气影响消费者价值判断的具体 findings 铺路。

    锁定新研究对象
  2. P2

    Weather-Triggered Willingness to Pay

    Sunny and snowy weather raises willingness to pay for outdoor-related products by prompting mental visualization.

    这一段给出了全文最核心的 research finding,直接展开文章主旨中的“晴雪天气提高户外产品支付意愿”,并初步揭示 mental visualization 这一中介机制。

    天气引发想象溢价
  3. P3

    The Beach Towel Example

    The beach towel example illustrates how sunny weather increases product value through imagined use.

    本段的价值在于把第二段较抽象的 mental picture 机制具象化,使读者看清“天气—使用画面—价值提升”这一因果链是如何在真实消费场景中发生的。

    沙滩巾解释想象
  4. P4

    Why Rain Produces No Effect

    The effect occurs in sunshine and snow, but not rain, because only the former are positively linked to outdoor activities.

    这一段进一步解释文章主旨中的机制基础,并用 rain 作为 contrast 排除“所有天气都会提升支付意愿”的误读,从而增强研究结论的严谨性。

    雨天反例定边界
  5. P5

    Using Weather Data to Boost Online Sales

    Online retailers can use weather data to improve product selection, pricing, and sales.

    作为 concluding application 段,本段把前文的心理学研究结果转化为可执行的商业 strategy,完整呼应文章主旨中 online retailers 优化产品推荐与定价的价值。

    天气数据优化网店
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

5 道逐段细节自检题

针对2020年12月英语六级真题第2套这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 new study

    What does the new study reveal about the impact of sunny and snowy conditions on consumer behavior?

    • A It provides evidence that rain boosts online sales.
    • B It claims that all types of weather equally affect consumer decisions.
    • C It indicates that sunny and snowy conditions influence consumer behavior.
    • D It suggests that businesses should ignore weather forecasts.
    • E It demonstrates that snowy weather reduces consumer spending.
    • F It shows that consumer behavior is only influenced by temperature changes.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    第1段 明确说明新研究揭示 sunny and snowy conditions 会影响 consumer behavior,正确项仅用 "indicates" 对 "reveals" 作同义改写,没有添加影响方向或扩大天气范围。

    首段关系句直配 时间紧张时,可用 "new study" 直接定位 第1段,并只核对该研究句中的天气对象和 influence relation;随后优先选择不添加方向、程度或建议的正确项,再利用 "all"、"only"、"reduces" 等 risk words 快速排除干扰项。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 mentally visualizing

    According to the study, what is the result of mentally visualizing the use of products associated with sunny or snowy weather?

    • A They tend to share the products on social media.
    • B They immediately compare prices with other brands.
    • C They lose interest in products not related to weather.
    • D Consumers place a higher value on outdoor-related products and are willing to pay more.
    • E They purchase any product that is on sale.
    • F They become more critical of product quality.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    第2段 将 mental visualization 与 higher value、willingness to pay more 建立明确因果联系,并限定这种关系适用于 outdoor-related products,因此正确项完整保留了结果与范围。

    因果结果限定同抓 可用 "mentally visualizing" 直接定位 第2段,再沿着 causal marker 向后读取并圈出价值变化、支付意愿与产品范围;选项中同时覆盖这些要素且没有额外行为的正确项优先保留,其余含 social media、brands 或 sale 的选项可快速排除。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 beach towel

    What do consumers do when they see a beach towel on a sunny day, according to the example?

    • A They immediately check the towel's material.
    • B They compare the towel with other beach accessories.
    • C They think about the price of the towel first.
    • D They decide to buy the towel without hesitation.
    • E They imagine themselves lying on the towel in the sun.
    • F They imagine the towel being used on a cloudy day.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    第3段 明确描述消费者会 imagine themselves lying on the towel in the sun,正确项保留了心理动作、使用场景与天气背景,没有把心理意象夸大成购买决定。

    产品名定位动作句 时间紧张时,可用 "beach towel" 锁定 第3段,并只提取消费者行为句的 subject、mental verb 与 scene;随后选择三项均与原句一致的正确项,并迅速删除含 material、comparison、price、purchase certainty 或错误天气的选项。

  4. 第 4 段 定位词 rainy weather

    Why does the mental picture effect not occur in rainy weather, according to the researchers?

    • A Rain makes people feel unhappy and unwilling to shop.
    • B People tend to stay indoors during rain, so they see fewer products.
    • C Rain products are cheaper than those for sunny weather.
    • D Researchers only tested the effect in sunny and snowy conditions.
    • E Rain reduces the need for visualization in consumer decisions.
    • F Because there are few outdoor activities enabled by rain, and rain products are mainly for protection.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:F

    第4段 将效应缺失归因于 rain 所能促成的活动较少,以及相关产品主要具有 protective function,正确项合并了这两个互相关联的原因。

    现象后双因合并 可用 "rainy weather" 定位 第4段,并从该现象句后方连续读取两个解释性信息单元;正确项应同时概括 activity availability 与 product function,而出现 unhappiness、fewer products、cheaper 或 testing scope 的选项可立即排除。

  5. 第 5 段 定位词 online sellers

    How could online sellers benefit from the study, according to the researchers?

    • A By incorporating weather data into their decisions on product pricing and featured products.
    • B By offering discounts on products during rainy days.
    • C By using simpler mathematical formulas without weather data.
    • D By advertising only during sunny and snowy weather.
    • E By closing their online stores during unfavourable weather.
    • F By focusing only on weather-related products in their stock.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:A

    第5段 建议把 weather data 纳入决定产品展示与定价的过程,正确项准确概括了 incorporation、pricing 与 featured products 三个关键信息。

    尾段数据决策对接 时间最紧张时,用 "online sellers" 的同义表达定位 第5段,再只提取新增 data input 及其作用的两个 decision targets;包含 weather data、pricing 和 featured products 的正确项可直接保留,而含 discounts、advertising、closing 或 "without weather data" 的选项可快速删除。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

5 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 研究背景与核心发现

    这个 opening paragraph 首先指出了 weather 对 businesses 的 marketing research 存在 gap,然后用 a new study 引出 core finding,即 sunny and snowy conditions 会 influence consumer behavior,这是典型的说明文 hook + thesis statement 的结构。

    作为说明文的 introduction part,这个意群 establishes the context,点明研究的 novelty,并用 reveals 这个动词 preview 整篇文章要 explain 的 phenomenon,为后续展开 detailed explanation 做好铺垫。

    引出研究主题
  2. 核心机制的初步解释

    这个意群 explains the mechanism 在 cognitive level 上如何运作。通过 trigger、mentally visualize、placing higher value 这些 sequential steps,文章 elaborates 了 weather conditions 和 consumer willingness to pay 之间的 causal chain,同时用 products related to being outside 这个 scope limitation 来 qualify 这个 finding。

    作为说明文 body 的第一个 explanatory section,这个意群从 abstract level 解释了 psychological process,用 mental visualization 这个 key concept 来 account for 价格 premium,为下一意群的 concrete example 提供 theoretical framework。

    阐述心理机制
  3. 具体实例的详细说明

    这个意群用 beach towel 作为 concrete example 来 illustrate 前面提到的 mental visualization process。通过 not just looking at... but imagining 这种 contrast structure,文章 demonstrates 消费者如何从 physical product 转向 mental imagery,从而 increases perceived value,这是典型的说明文 exemplification strategy。

    这个意群通过 specific scenario 让 abstract mechanism 变得 tangible and relatable。用 beach towel on sunny day 这个 vivid example,文章 clarifies 了 mental picture 如何 bridge product perception 和 valuation,strengthen 了前面 theoretical explanation 的 persuasiveness。

    提供实例验证
  4. 研究假设与条件限定

    这个意群 presents the researchers' hypothesis 来 account for 为什么 effect 只在 sunshine and snow 中出现,而不包括 rain。通过 positive association with outside activities 这个 explanatory framework,结合 rain 的 counterexample,文章 refines 了 initial finding 的 boundary conditions,这体现了说明文的 qualification and elaboration 特征。

    作为说明文 body 的 refinement section,这个意群通过 hypothesis presentation 和 counterexample analysis,clarifies 了 main finding 的 scope and limitations。用 positive association 这个 underlying principle,文章 explains 为什么某些 weather conditions work while others don't,增强了 explanation 的 rigor and completeness。

    界定适用范围
  5. 研究应用与商业价值

    这个 concluding paragraph 从 theoretical findings 转向 practical applications,specifically 针对 online sellers。通过 benefit from insights、incorporating weather data、bolster sales 这个 application chain,文章 demonstrates 研究的 real-world value,这是说明文典型的 implication 或 application section。

    作为说明文的 conclusion part,这个意群 extends 研究 findings 到 business context,用 practical recommendations 来 demonstrate relevance。通过 pointing out 谁能 benefit 以及如何 benefit,文章 completes 了从 phenomenon discovery 到 practical application 的完整 explanatory arc,给读者留下 actionable insights。

    提出应用建议
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

5 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 5 步按2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他英语六级文章。

  1. 首段研究发现定位 P1

    说明文的 first paragraph 通常会 introduce 整篇文章要讨论的 topic 或者 research findings,这里明确提到了'a new study reveals how sunny and snowy conditions influence consumer behavior',直接点出了 research focus

  2. 因果机制识别 P2

    第二段紧接着解释了 sunny and snowy conditions 如何 trigger mental visualization,并导致 consumers willing to pay more。这是对首段 findings 的具体展开,构成了 main idea 的 core mechanism

  3. 支撑段落跳读 P3 P4

    第三段和第四段分别提供了 beach towel example 和 hypothesis explanation,这些是对前面 mechanism 的进一步阐述,属于 supporting details 而非 main idea 本身。可以快速跳过这些 elaboration paragraphs

  4. 应用价值提取 P5

    最后一段提到了'companies can benefit'和'online sellers can leverage these insights',这表明研究有 practical application value。说明文特别是 research articles 的主旨往往包含 theoretical finding 加 practical significance 两部分

  5. 三要素整合 P1 P2 P5

    综合前面的步骤,主旨应该包含:what was studied(sunny and snowy weather conditions),what was found(increase willingness to pay through mental visualization),scope(outdoor-related products),和 practical implication(retailers can optimize strategies)。这个完整的 statement 就是文章的 main idea

主旨信号词 reveals P1 trigger P2 willing to pay P2 only found with P2 benefit from P5 incorporating P5

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

一项新研究表明,晴天和雪天会通过触发消费者对产品使用的心理想象,提高他们为户外相关产品付费的意愿,这一发现可帮助在线零售商优化产品展示和定价策略。
A new study shows that sunny and snowy weather conditions increase consumers' willingness to pay for outdoor-related products by triggering mental visualization of product usage, a finding that online retailers can leverage to optimize product featuring and pricing strategies.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

3 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进英语六级高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • bolster 增强、提升

    我们来把这些 clues 串起来。首先,从 sentence logic 看,better decisions 会导致某个 positive outcome for sales。其次,整个 paragraph 的 theme 是 companies benefiting from the study,所以这个 outcome 必须是 beneficial 的。最后,从 business vocabulary 的角度,我们对 sales 使用的 verbs 都是表示 increase 或 strengthen 的意思。把这三条 reasoning lines 结合起来,bolster 应该是指某种 strengthen 或 increase 的 action。

    三层语境分析框架
  • array 一系列、大量(强调种类繁多)

    让我们整合这三个 perspectives。从 linguistic clue 看,wide 这个 modifier 暗示 array 本身就包含 variety 的意思。从 register 角度,array 是比 many 更 formal 的 expression,用于 written discourse 中表达 diversity。从 logical argument 看,整个句子的 reasoning 依赖于 product diversity 这个概念,所以 array 必须承载这个 meaning。综合起来,array 指的是一个 diverse collection 或 variety。

    修饰语-语域-论证三维分析
  • assert 断言、坚称

    我们综合这些 evidence。从 discourse structure 看,assert 用于 introduce 一个 supporting explanation for the hypothesis,所以它是 reporting verb。从 sentence tone 看,后面跟的是 definitive statement 而非 tentative suggestion,表明 assert 带有 confidence。从 morphological hint 看,-ert 暗示某种 forceful action。把这些结合起来,assert 应该是指 state something with confidence 或 declare something as true。

    话语功能-情态力度-构词提示综合
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 举例子

    P3

    文章通过 beach towel 这个 concrete example 来说明 sunny weather 如何 trigger mental visualization。这个具体的 example 让抽象的 consumer behavior theory 变得 tangible and relatable,帮助 readers 理解 weather 和 willingness to pay 之间的 psychological mechanism。Example 直接 support 了文章的 main argument,即 weather conditions 通过 mental imagery 影响 product valuation。

    信号词 for example for instance such as like take...as an example consider to illustrate specifically give the example of a case in point

    仿写: 当你要 explain 一个 abstract mechanism 或 theoretical finding 时,问自己:能否找到一个 everyday object 或 common scenario 来 demonstrate 这个 concept?选择的 example 应该 closely related 到你的 target audience 的 daily experience。模版:[General statement] + For example/instance, consider [specific case] + [How the case illustrates the point]。比如:"Emotional marketing influences purchasing decisions. For example, consider how a coffee shop uses warm lighting and soft music—these elements create comfort associations that increase customers' spending time and money."

  • 作诠释

    P2

    第二段用 "That is" 引出对前一句的 clarification,把 "placing a higher value" 这个相对 abstract 的 expression 诠释为更 concrete 的 "willing to pay more money"。这个 restatement 消除了 potential ambiguity,确保 readers 准确理解 "higher value" 的 practical meaning。诠释紧密服务于 article's thesis,让 weather's impact on consumer behavior 的 measurement 更加 explicit and quantifiable。

    信号词 that is in other words namely to put it another way more specifically which means i.e. or rather to be more precise

    仿写: 当你使用了某个可能 ambiguous 或 too abstract 的 term 时,立即用 "that is", "in other words", "namely" 等 markers 跟上一个 more concrete restatement。诠释应该 narrow down 或 specify 前面的 broad statement。模版:[Initial statement with abstract/broad term] + That is/In other words, [more specific/concrete restatement]。例如:"The program improved employee engagement. That is, workers showed 30% higher participation in voluntary training and company events."

  • 作比较

    P4

    第四段将 sunshine and snow 与 rainy weather 进行 contrast,通过 comparing their different effects 来 explain 为什么 mental visualization effect 只在某些 weather conditions 下 occur。Comparison 揭示了 underlying mechanism:positive association with outdoor activities 是 key factor。这个 contrast 让 article's explanation 更 complete and convincing,避免 readers 产生 overgeneralization。

    信号词 however in contrast whereas while on the other hand unlike compared to in comparison conversely but differently

    仿写: 当你需要 explain 为什么某个 phenomenon 在某些 conditions 下 occur 而在其他 conditions 下 not occur 时,使用 explicit comparison。Structure your comparison 要 parallel:先说 case A's characteristics and outcomes,然后用 contrastive markers(like "however", "in contrast")引入 case B。模版:[Phenomenon X works in situation A because of reason R] + However/In contrast, [X doesn't work in situation B because reason R is absent]。例如:"Gamification increases learning motivation in skill-based courses because it provides immediate feedback loops. However, in conceptual philosophy courses, gamification shows limited effect because abstract reasoning doesn't map well to point systems."

  • 分类别

    P2 P4

    文章通过将 products 分为 outdoor-related 和 non-outdoor categories,以及将 weather conditions 分为 sunny, snowy, rainy 等 categories 来 organize analysis。这种 categorization 让 research findings 的 scope and applicability 更加 clear and structured。特别是 distinguishing outdoor products from other products 这个 classification 直接 define 了 study conclusion 的 boundary,防止 misapplication of findings。

    信号词 only found with specifically for limited to applies to in the case of concerning regarding as for with respect to when it comes to

    仿写: 当你的 findings 或 principles 不是 universally applicable 时,使用 explicit categorization 来 define boundaries。先 establish classification criteria,然后 clearly label each category,最后 explain 为什么 different categories show different patterns。模版:[Overall phenomenon] + However, [distinction/correlation] is only found with/in [specific category] + [Explain why this category is special]。例如:"Social media advertising increases brand awareness across platforms. However, direct conversion is primarily seen with visual-focused platforms like Instagram and Pinterest, because product aesthetics can be immediately showcased."

  • 引资料

    P1 P3 P4 P5

    整篇文章基于 "a new study" 这个 research source,多次提到 "researchers" 的 findings, examples, hypothesis, 和 assertions。通过 citing research authority,文章为所有 claims 提供了 credibility foundation。这种 consistent reference to research source 让 article 从 mere opinion 转变为 evidence-based exposition,significantly strengthening 其 persuasive power 和 reliability。

    信号词 a study reveals research shows researchers assert according to experts believe findings indicate data suggests studies demonstrate evidence shows researchers put forward a report states

    仿写: 当你 present factual claims or findings 时,explicitly attribute them to credible sources。使用 reporting verbs("researchers assert", "study reveals", "experts believe")来 introduce sourced information。平衡 source attribution 和 readability—不需要 every sentence cite sources,但 key claims 必须有 clear origin。模版:[Source identifier] + [reporting verb] + [finding/claim]。例如:"According to a 2024 Stanford study, remote workers report 25% higher productivity in deep-focus tasks. The researchers attribute this improvement to reduced office distractions and flexible scheduling."

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

5 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 研究领域存在空白

    P1
    there is little marketing research on how it affects businesses

    模糊限制语 little few hardly scarcely barely limited lack of

    表面上说 marketing research 很 'little',言外之意是这个 field 一直 overlook 了 weather 对 consumer behavior 的 impact,这是个 significant gap。这个 implication 为整篇文章的 main thesis 做了 groundwork:既然 existing research 不足,那么 this new study 就显得 particularly valuable。它 justifies 为什么我们要 pay attention to 这个 findings,直接 support 了文章要 introduce 一个 novel insight 的 purpose。

  • 效应的范围限制

    P2
    But the correlation is only found with products related to being outside

    限制性副词 only merely just solely exclusively alone simply

    'Only' 这个 word 表面上是在 narrow down the applicability,言外之意却很 rich:它告诉我们这个 weather effect 不是 universal 的,而是 context-dependent。这个 qualification 对 main thesis 非常 crucial,因为它 refines 我们对 phenomenon 的 understanding,提醒 online retailers 不能 blindly apply 这个 insight 到 all products。同时也 foreshadow 了后面关于 rainy weather 的 discussion,让整个 argument 更 rigorous 和 credible。

  • 解释机制的引导

    P3
    How does this work?

    设问句 How does this work? Why is this? What does this mean? How can we explain this? What accounts for this? How so? Why so?

    这个 rhetorical question 表面上是在 invite curiosity,言外之意是 author 意识到 previous paragraph 提出的 phenomenon 需要 explanation。它 signals 一个 argumentative shift:从 presenting findings 到 explaining mechanisms。对 main thesis 的作用是 crucial 的,因为它 introduces 那个 mental visualization 的 concept,这是整个 weather effect 的 psychological basis。没有这个 explanation,readers 只知道 'what happens' 但不知道 'why',thesis 就会 lack depth。

  • 效应的边界条件

    P4
    The effect is not seen with rainy weather

    否定词 not no never none neither nor without

    'Not seen with rainy weather' 表面是个 negative finding,言外之意却 rich in implications:它表明这个 weather effect 不是 mechanical 的,而是依赖于 positive associations with outdoor activities。这个 contrast 对 thesis 非常 important 因为它 validates 那个 mental visualization hypothesis。如果 all weather 都有 effect,那 mechanism 就可能是别的。通过 showing what doesn't work,作者 strengthen 了对 why sunny and snowy weather work 的 explanation,让整个 argument 更 convincing。

  • 研究的实践价值

    P5
    companies that sell a wide array of products online can benefit most from the insights this study provides

    情态动词组合 can benefit most can benefit could improve may enhance might help can leverage could capitalize on

    'Can benefit most' 表面是 suggesting application,言外之意是作者在 advocate for 研究的 practical value,implicitly arguing 这不只是 academic exercise。对 main thesis 的作用是 culminating:前面 establish 了 what (weather effect)、how (mental visualization)、when (sunny/snowy but not rainy),现在说明 so what (online retailers can use this)。这个 practical angle 让整个 study 更 compelling,transform 一个 psychological finding into business intelligence,完成了从 theory 到 practice 的 full circle。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:客观中立

结论先行:本文作者态度为客观中立( Objective and Informative)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 开篇陈述事实 P1

    开头句 'Weather is a constant force... but there is little marketing research' 使用的是 factual statement,没有 emotional words 或者 judgmental expressions,这表明作者采取的是 objective reporting stance 而非 persuasive 或 critical tone

  2. 阐释因果机制 P2 P3 P4

    第二、三、四段都在解释 'how this works' 和 'why certain effects occur',使用的是 'trigger', 'leads to', 'researchers give the example' 这种 explanatory expressions,作者只是在 relay information 而不是 making judgments

  3. 谨慎陈述应用 P5

    结尾段用的是 'researchers believe' 和 'could bolster',这是在 present potential applications 而非 making strong arguments,'could' 这个 modal verb 表明的是 possibility 而不是 certainty 或 necessity

  4. 通篇客观一致 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

    通篇文章使用的都是 third-person perspective 和 research-based statements,没有 'I think', 'we should', 'it's obvious' 这类 subjective expressions,作者始终在 describe 和 explain 而非 argue 或 criticize

文中的态度信号词

  • reveals P1

    'Reveals' 这个 verb 是 neutral reporting language,它表明作者在 presenting findings 而不是 making arguments,这种 non-judgmental verb 建立了 objective informative tone

    同类词 shows indicates demonstrates suggests presents

  • trigger P2

    'Trigger' 是 cause-effect explanation 中的 neutral causative verb,作者用它来 describe mechanisms 而不是 evaluate outcomes,保持了 explanatory objectivity

    同类词 lead to cause result in bring about produce

  • Researchers P3

    反复使用 'Researchers' 作为 subject 表明作者在 attributing information to external sources 而不是 expressing personal views,这是 academic objectivity 的重要 marker

    同类词 researchers the study scientists experts the research

  • assert P4

    'Assert' 这个词虽然 stronger 但它是在 describe what researchers do,不是作者自己在 making assertions,作者依然在 report others' viewpoints 保持 objectivity

    同类词 claim argue suggest propose put forward

  • believe P5

    'Researchers believe' 这个 phrase 用 hedging language 来 present conclusions,不是 stating facts as certainties,这种 tentative expression 保持了 cautious objectivity

    同类词 think suggest propose consider estimate

  • could bolster P5

    'Could' 这个 modal verb 表达的是 possibility 而非 certainty,作者用它来 present potential benefits 而不是 make strong recommendations,维持了 neutral tone

    同类词 could may might would can

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他英语六级 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文?

  1. 首段引入研究或现象 P1

    第1段 开头就说 'there is little marketing research',然后 'a new study reveals',这是在 introduce 一项研究和它的 findings,属于 objective presentation。如果是议论文,开头会有明确的 argument 或 stance;如果是新闻报道,会有 who/when/where 等新闻要素和 breaking news 的 urgency。

  2. 主体段落解释机制 P2 P3

    第2段 和 第3段 都在解释 'how does this work':weather conditions trigger mental visualization,这个 visualization 导致 higher value perception。这是典型的 cause-effect explanation。议论文会在这里 present evidence 来 support 某个 argument,新闻报道会 quote sources 或 provide factual details about an event。

  3. 深挖原因和例外 P4

    第4段 专门用来 explain 为什么这个 effect 只在 sunshine 和 snow 中出现,而不在 rainy weather 中出现。文章 put forward a hypothesis 并且 provide reasoning。这种 'phenomenon → explanation → deeper analysis' 的 layered structure 是说明文特有的。议论文不会花这么多笔墨 explain exceptions,而是会 address counterarguments;新闻报道不会有 hypothesis,只有 facts 和 statements。

  4. 结尾讨论应用价值 P5

    第5段 说 'companies can benefit from' 这些 insights,并且 explain 如何 apply 这个 knowledge(incorporate weather data into pricing algorithms)。这是在 discussing practical implications,而不是 urging readers to take action(议论文)或 wrapping up an event(新闻)。说明文的 ending 是 'here's how this knowledge can be used',议论文是 'therefore, we should',新闻是 'the situation remains'。

  5. 整体目的是解释说明 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5

    这篇文章从头到尾都在 explain 'weather 如何 affect consumer behavior',使用 'researchers found'、'this works by' 等 explanatory language,没有 'we should'、'it's important to' 等 persuasive expressions,也没有 'yesterday'、'announced' 等 news markers。整体 structure 是 introduction of topic → explanation of mechanism → deeper analysis → practical implications,这是标准的 expository structure。

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁?

  • reveals how P1 说明对象定义解释词 explains shows that demonstrates illustrates indicates
  • That is P2 说明对象定义解释词 In other words Specifically Namely To put it another way More precisely
  • How does this work? P3 说明顺序与例证词 For example For instance To illustrate Consider Take the case of
  • give the example of P3 说明顺序与例证词 provide an example offer the illustration of present a case cite the instance of use the example of
  • hypothesis to explain P4 说明对象定义解释词 theory that explanation for rationale behind reason why mechanism underlying
  • They think P4 说明对象定义解释词 Researchers believe Experts suggest Scientists propose Studies indicate Evidence shows
  • assert P4 说明对象定义解释词 state explain note point out indicate
  • benefit from P5 事物属性功能描述词 advantage of useful for helpful in effective for serves to
  • This could P5 事物属性功能描述词 This would This may This can This might It enables
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

3 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 的常见问题

2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的主旨是什么?
一项新研究表明,晴天和雪天会通过触发消费者对产品使用的心理想象,提高他们为户外相关产品付费的意愿,这一发现可帮助在线零售商优化产品展示和定价策略。(英文表述:A new study shows that sunny and snowy weather conditions increase consumers' willingness to pay for outdoor-related products by triggering mental visualization of product usage, a finding that online retailers can leverage to optimize product featuring and pricing strategies.)
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为说明文,作者立场是客观中立(Objective and Informative)。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 267 词、5 段;在英语六级全部 593 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 233 篇(占 39%)。
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 5 段按说明文骨架分为 5 个意群:第1段——研究背景与核心发现;第2段——核心机制的初步解释;第3段——具体实例的详细说明;第4段——研究假设与条件限定;第5段——研究应用与商业价值。
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是客观中立(Objective and Informative)。判断路径:开篇陈述事实 → 阐释因果机制 → 谨慎陈述应用 → 通篇客观一致;文中的态度信号词包括 reveals(第1段)、trigger(第2段)、Researchers(第3段)、assert(第4段)、believe(第5段)、could bolster(第5段)。
2020年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (1) 文章中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 3 个:bolster(增强、提升)、array(一系列、大量(强调种类繁多))、assert(断言、坚称),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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