英语四级 2021年6月·第3套 · 真题整卷
按真题原卷顺序的全部题型，逐题型可进试卷排版、题目解析、原文精读；整卷可免费下载电子版（真题 PDF、解析版 PDF 与 Word）。
全卷构成
- Part I 写作
- Part II 听力
与 2021年6月第1套 共用本部分
- Part III Section A 完形填空（选词填空）
- Part III Section B 长篇阅读（信息匹配）
- Part III Section C (1) 阅读理解（四选一）
- Part III Section C (2) 阅读理解（四选一）
- Part IV 汉译英（段落翻译）
全卷客观题答案速查
英语四级2021年6月·第3套真题全卷客观题参考答案速查如下表，按卷面顺序逐题型列出；写作、翻译等主观题无标准答案，参考范文与逐题解析见对应题型解析页。
| 题型（卷面位置） | 参考答案 |
|---|---|
| 写作 Part I | 主观题 · 参考范文与逐题解析见 写作解析页 |
| 听力 Part II （1–25 题） | 1 B · 2 A · 3 A · 4 D · 5 B · 6 C · 7 D · 8 C · 9 B · 10 A · 11 D · 12 D · 13 A · 14 C · 15 B · 16 A · 17 D · 18 C · 19 B · 20 A · 21 C · 22 B · 23 C · 24 B · 25 D （与 2021年6月第1套 共用本部分） |
| 完形填空（选词填空） Part III Section A （26–35 题） | 26 E experience · 27 B commonplace · 28 J routinely · 29 D desperate · 30 H prompted · 31 I roughly · 32 K shining · 33 O wonder · 34 C confess · 35 G option |
| 长篇阅读（信息匹配） Part III Section B （36–45 题） | 36 G · 37 D · 38 K · 39 B · 40 I · 41 F · 42 J · 43 C · 44 I · 45 E |
| 阅读理解（四选一） Part III Section C (1) （46–50 题） | 46 A · 47 B · 48 C · 49 C · 50 D |
| 阅读理解（四选一） Part III Section C (2) （51–55 题） | 51 C · 52 A · 53 D · 54 A · 55 B |
| 汉译英（段落翻译） Part IV | 主观题 · 参考范文与逐题解析见 汉译英（段落翻译）解析页 |
整卷试卷排版
四级 · 真题卷第3套 · 2021年6月
英语四级2021年6月·第3套真题
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled “Doviolent video games lead to violence?”. The statement given below is for your reference. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words .
A growing body of research finds that violent video games can make kids act aggressively in their real world relationships, causing an increase in violence.
A growing body of research finds that violent video games can make kids act aggressively in their real world relationships, causing an increase in violence.
英语四级2021年6月·第3套真题
英语四级2021年6月·第3套真题
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Nowadays you can't buy anything without being asked to provide a rating of a company's performance on a five-star scale.
I've been asked to rate my "store 26 " on the EFTPOS terminal before I can pay. Even the most 27 activities, such as calling Telstra or picking up a parcel from Australia Post, are followed by texts or emails with surveys asking, "How did we do?"
Online purchases are 28 followed up by a customer satisfaction survey. Companies are so 29 for a hit of stars that if you delete the survey the company sends you another one.
We're 30 to rate our apps when we've barely had a chance to use them. One online course provider I use asks you what you think of the course after you've only completed 31 2 per cent of it.
Economist Jason Murphy says that companies use customer satisfaction ratings because a 32 display of star feedback has become the nuclear power source of the modern economy.
However, you can't help but 33 if these companies are basing their business on fabrications(捏造的东西). I 34 that with online surveys I just click the 35 that's closest to my mouse cursor(光标) to get the damn thing off my screen. Often the star rating I give has far more to do with the kind of day I'm having than the purchase I just made.
A)announce
B)commonplace
C)confess
D)desperate
E)experience
F)fascinated
G)option
H)prompted
I)roughly
J)routinely
K)shining
L)showering
M)variety
N)voyage
O)wonder
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Science of setbacks: How failure can improve career prospects
A)
How do early career setbacks affect our long-term success? Failures can help us learn and overcome our fears. But disasters can still wound us. They can screw us up and set us back. Wouldn't it be nice if there was genuine, scientifically documented truth to the expression "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger"?
B)
One way social scientists have probed the effects of career setbacks is to look at scientists of very similar qualifications. These scientists, for reasons that are mostly arbitrary, either just missed getting a research grant or just barely made it. In social sciences, this is known as examining "near misses" and "narrow wins" in areas where merit is subjective. That allows researchers to measure only the effects of being chosen or not. Studies in this area have found conflicting results. In the competitive game of biomedical science, research has been done on scientists who narrowly lost or won grant money. It suggests that narrow winners become even bigger winners down the line. In other words, the rich get richer.
C)
A 2018 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, for example, followed researchers in the Netherlands. Researchers concluded that those who just barely qualified for a grant were able to get twice as much money within the next eight years as those who just missed out. And the narrow winners were 50 percent more likely to be given a professorship.
D)
Others in the US have found similar effects with National Institutes of Health early-career fellowships launching narrow winners far ahead of close losers. The phenomenon is often referred to as the Matthew effect, inspired by the Bible's wisdom that to those who have, more will be given. There's a good explanation for the phenomenon in the book The Formula: The Universal Laws of Success by Albert Laszlo Barabasi. According to Barabasi, it's easier and less risky for those in positions of power to choose to hand awards and funding to those who've already been so recognized.
E)
This is bad news for the losers. Small early career setbacks seem to have a disproportionate effect down the line. What didn't kill them made them weaker. But other studies using the same technique have shown there's sometimes no penalty to a near miss. Students who just miss getting into top high schools or universities do just as well later in life as those who just manage to get accepted. In this case, what didn't kill them simply didn't matter. So is there any evidence that setbacks might actually improve our career prospects? There is now.
F)
In a study published in Nature Communications, Northwestern University sociologist Dashun Wang tracked more than 1,100 scientists who were on the border between getting a grant and missing out between 1990 and 2005. He followed various measures of performance over the next decade. These included how many papers they authored and how influential those papers were, as measured by the number of subsequent citations. As expected, there was a much higher rate of attrition(减员) among scientists who didn't get grants. But among those who stayed on, the close losers performed even better than the narrow winners. To make sure this wasn't by chance, Wang conducted additional tests using different performance measures. He examined how many times people were first authors on influential studies, and the like.
G)
One straightforward reason close losers might outperform narrow winners is that the two groups have comparable ability. In Wang's study, he selected the most determined, passionate scientists from the loser group and culled(剔除) what he deemed the weakest members of the winner group. Yet the persevering losers still came out on top. He thinks that being a close loser might give people a psychological boost, or the proverbial kick in the pants.
H)
Utrecht University sociologist Arnout van de Rijt was the lead author on the 2018 paper showing the rich get richer. He said the new finding is apparently reasonable and worth some attention. His own work showed that although the narrow winners did get much more money in the near future, the actual performance of the close losers was just as good.
I)
He said the people who should be paying regard to the Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money. After all, by continuing to pile riches on the narrow winners, the taxpayers are not getting the maximum bang for their buck if the close losers are performing just as well or even better. There's a huge amount of time and effort that goes into the process of selecting who gets grants, he said, and the latest research shows that the scientific establishment is not very good at distributing money. "Maybe we should spend less money trying to figure out who is better than who," he said, suggesting that some more equal dividing up of money might be more productive and more efficient. Van de Rijt said he's not convinced that losing out gives people a psychological boost. It may yet be a selection effect. Even though Wang tried to account for this by culling the weakest winners, it's impossible to know which of the winners would have quit had they found themselves on the losing side.
J)
For his part, Wang said that in his own experience, losing did light a motivating fire. He recalled a recent paper he submitted to a journal, which accepted it only to request extensive editing, and then reversed course and rejected it. He submitted the unedited version to a more respected journal and got accepted.
K)
In sports and many areas of life, we think of failures as evidence of something we could have done better. We regard these disappointments as a fate we could have avoided with more careful preparation, different training, a better strategy, or more focus. And there it makes sense that failures show us the road to success. These papers deal with a kind of failure people have little control over—rejection. Others determine who wins and who loses. But at the very least, the research is starting to show that early setbacks don't have to be fatal. They might even make us better at our jobs. Getting paid like a winner, though? That's a different matter.
36.
Being a close loser could greatly motivate one to persevere in their research.
37.
Grant awarders tend to favor researchers already recognized in their respective fields.
38.
Suffering early setbacks might help people improve their job performance.
39.
Research by social scientists on the effects of career setbacks has produced contradictory findings.
40.
It is not in the best interest of taxpayers to keep giving money to narrow winners.
41.
Scientists who persisted in research without receiving a grant made greater achievements than those who got one with luck, as suggested in one study.
42.
A research paper rejected by one journal may get accepted by another.
43.
According to one recent study, narrow winners of research grants had better chances to be promoted to professors.
44.
One researcher suggests it might be more fruitful to distribute grants on a relatively equal basis.
45.
Minor setbacks in their early career may have a strong negative effect on the career of close losers.
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Boredom has become trendy. Studies point to how boredom is good for creativity and innovation, as well as mental health. It is found that people are more creative following the completion of a tedious task. When people are bored, they have an increase in "associative thought"—the process of making new connections between ideas, which is linked to innovative thinking. These studies are impressive, but in reality, the benefits of boredom may be related to having time to clear your mind, be quiet, or daydream.
In our stimulation-rich world, it seems unrealistic that boredom could occur at all. Yet, there are valid reasons boredom may feel so painful. As it turns out, boredom might signal the fact that you have a need that isn't being met.
Our always-on world of social media may result in more connections, but they are superficial and can get in the way of building a real sense of belonging. Feeling bored may signal the desire for a greater sense of community and the feeling that you fit in with others around you. So take the step of joining an organization to build face-to-face relationships. You'll find depth that you won't get from your screen no matter how many likes you get on your post.
Similar to the need for belonging, bored people often report that they feel a limited sense of meaning. It's a fundamental human need to have a larger purpose and to feel like we're part of something bigger than ourselves. When people are bored, they're more likely to feel less meaning in their lives. If you want to reduce boredom and increase your sense of meaning, seek work where you can make a unique contribution, or find a cause you can support with your time and talent.
If your definition of boredom is being quiet, mindful, and reflective, keep it up. But if you're struggling with real boredom and the emptiness it provokes, consider whether you might seek new connections and more significant challenges. These are the things that will genuinely relieve boredom and make you more effective in the process.
46.
What have studies found about boredom?
A)It facilitates innovative thinking.
B)It is a result of doing boring tasks.
C)It helps people connect with others.
D)It does harm to one's mental health.
47.
What does the author say boredom might indicate?
A)A need to be left alone.
B)A desire to be fulfilled.
C)A conflict to be resolved.
D)A feeling to be validated.
48.
What do we learn about social media from the passage?
A)It may be an obstacle to expanding one's connections.
B)It may get in the way of enhancing one's social status.
C)It may prevent people from developing a genuine sense of community.
D)It may make people feel that they ought to fit in with the outside world.
49.
What does the author suggest people do to get rid of boredom?
A)Count the likes they get on their posts.
B)Reflect on how they relate to others.
C)Engage in real-life interactions.
D)Participate in online discussions.
50.
What should people do to enhance their sense of meaning?
A)Try to do something original.
B)Confront significant challenges.
C)Define boredom in their unique way.
D)Devote themselves to a worthy cause.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Can you remember what you ate yesterday? If asked, most people will be able to give a vague description of their main meals: breakfast, lunch, dinner. But can you be sure you've noted every snack bar in your car, or every handful of nuts at your desk? Most people will have a feeling that they've missed something out.
We originally had this suspicion back in 2016, puzzled by the fact that national statistics showed calorie consumption falling dramatically over past decades. We found reliable evidence that people were drastically under-reporting what they ate.
Now the Office for National Statistics has confirmed that we are consuming 50% more calories than our national statistics claim.
Why is this happening? We can point to at least three potential causes. One is the rise in obesity levels itself. Under-reporting rates are much higher for obese people, because they simply consume more food, and thus have more to remember.
Another cause is that the proportion of people who are trying to lose weight has been increasing over time. People who want to lose weight are more likely to under-report their eating—regardless of whether they are overweight or not. This may be driven partly by self-deception or "wishful thinking".
The final potential cause is an increase in snacking and eating out over recent decades—both in terms of how often they happen and how much they contribute to our overall energy intake. Again, there is evidence that food consumed out of the home is one of the most poorly recorded categories in surveys.
So, what's the message conveyed? For statistics, we should invest in more accurate measurement options. For policy, we need to focus on options that make it easy for people to eat fewer calories. If people do not know how much they are eating, it can be really hard for them to stick to a diet. Also, we should be looking for new ways to ensure what people eat wouldn't have much impact on their waistlines. If this works, it won't matter if they can't remember what they ate yesterday.
51.
What did the author suspect back in 2016?
A)Calorie consumption had fallen drastically over the decades.
B)Most people surveyed were reluctant to reveal what they ate.
C)The national statistics did not reflect the actual calorie consumption.
D)Most people did not include snacks when reporting their calorie intake.
52.
What has the Office for National Statistics verified?
A)People's calorie intake was far from accurately reported.
B)The missing out of main meals leads to the habit of snacking.
C)The nation's obesity level has much to do with calorie intake.
D)Calorie consumption is linked to the amount of snacks one eats.
53.
What do we learn about obese people from the passage?
A)They usually keep their eating habits a secret.
B)They overlook the potential causes of obesity.
C)They cannot help eating more than they should.
D)They have difficulty recalling what they have eaten.
54.
What often goes unnoticed in surveys on food consumption?
A)The growing trend of eating out.
B)The potential causes of snacking.
C)People's home energy consumption.
D)People's changing diet over the years.
55.
What does the author suggest policymakers do about obesity?
A)Remind people to cut down on snacking.
B)Make sure people eat non-fattening food.
C)Ensure people don't miss their main meals.
D)See that people don't stick to the same diet.
英语四级2021年6月·第3套真题
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
龙井(Longjing)是一种绿茶，主要产自中国东部沿海的浙江省。龙井茶独特的香味和口感为其赢得了"中国名茶"的称号，在中国深受大众的欢迎,在海外饮用的人也越来越多。龙井茶通常手工制作，其价格可能极其昂贵,也可能比较便宜，这取决于茶的生长地、采摘时间和制作工艺。龙井茶富含维生素C和其他多种有益健康的元素。经常喝龙井茶有助于减轻疲劳、延缓衰老。
关于英语四级 2021年6月·第3套 真题（整卷）的常见问题
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套包含哪些题型模块、总共多少道编号题？
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套包含6个模块：写作（Part I）、选词填空（Part III Section A）、长篇阅读信息匹配（Part III Section B）、仔细阅读四选一2篇（Part III Section C）、汉译英翻译（Part IV）。带编号的客观题共20道——信息匹配10道、仔细阅读10道（第46至55题）；写作、选词填空与翻译按主观/填空计分，不占这20个编号。
- 2021年6月四级第3套的阅读部分具体是怎么分配题目的？
- 2021年6月四级第3套阅读部分分三段：选词填空1篇（从15词词库选10词填空）；长篇阅读信息匹配1篇，配10个句子定位段落（第36至45题区间）；仔细阅读2篇四选一，每篇5题，合计10题（第46至55题）。仔细阅读第46至50题对应无聊主题短文，第51至55题对应卡路里摄入低报主题短文。
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套的阅读文章难度和篇幅是多少？
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套4篇阅读文章合计约1956词，CEFR难度分布为B2三篇、C1一篇。唯一一篇C1级是长篇阅读信息匹配《Science of setbacks: How failure can improve career prospects》，篇幅约1035词，是全卷最长最难的一篇；选词填空短文约228词，两篇仔细阅读分别约348词、345词，均为B2级。
- 2021年6月四级第3套长篇阅读的高频词有哪些？
- 2021年6月四级第3套长篇阅读《Science of setbacks》围绕科研经费与成败展开，高频实词集中于 winner（出现14次）、grant / loser（各11次）、narrow（10次）、research / scientist / setback（各约9次）、money / study / effect / career（各约8次）。掌握这组「科研经费—险胜者/惜败者」的词汇网，是读懂《Science of setbacks》全文的关键。
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套的作文要求写多少字、限时多久？
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套作文限时30分钟，要求写120至180词的短文，题目为《Do violent video games lead to violence?》。翻译部分同样限时30分钟，将一段关于龙井茶的中文译成英文；写作与翻译合计约占一小时。
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套翻译考的是什么主题？
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套翻译考的是「龙井茶」（Longjing）。中文原文介绍龙井是一种主要产自中国东部沿海浙江省的绿茶，独特香味口感为其赢得「中国名茶」称号，在国内深受欢迎、海外饮用者也日渐增多；通常手工制作，价格因生长地、采摘时间和制作工艺不同而差异极大；富含维生素C等有益健康元素，常喝有助于减轻疲劳、延缓衰老。考点集中在绿茶、浙江省、手工制作、维生素C等名词与「深受欢迎」「取决于」等表达。
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套作文题目是什么、怎么写？
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套作文题目是《Do violent video games lead to violence?》（暴力电子游戏是否会导致暴力）。题干给出提示句：越来越多研究发现暴力电子游戏会让孩子在现实人际关系中更具攻击性，从而增加暴力。这是一道社会热点议论文，考生需就「暴力电游是否引发现实暴力」表明立场，可用「提出观点—分析原因或举例—总结」的三段式框架展开，主题偏科技与青少年成长。
- 2021年6月四级第3套长篇阅读信息匹配讲的是什么内容？
- 2021年6月四级第3套长篇阅读信息匹配《Science of setbacks: How failure can improve career prospects》讲职业早期挫折与长期成功的关系。文章通过对比「险胜」（narrow wins）与「惜败」（near misses）的科学家群体，介绍了「马太效应」（Matthew effect，赢家愈赢、富者愈富），又引用美国西北大学社会学家 Dashun Wang 追踪1100多名科学家的研究，指出坚持下来的惜败者后续表现反而优于险胜者，进而讨论科研经费该如何更公平分配。文末点明早期挫折未必致命，甚至可能让人把工作做得更好。
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套仔细阅读第46到50题的短文讲什么？
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套仔细阅读第46至50题的短文主题是「无聊」（boredom）。文章指出无聊如今成了热门话题，研究显示它有益于创造力、创新和心理健康；但作者认为无聊之所以让人痛苦，是因为它常常在提示某种未被满足的需求——比如对归属感和人生意义的渴望。作者建议通过加入组织建立面对面关系、寻找能做出独特贡献的工作或值得投入的事业，来真正缓解无聊。
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套仔细阅读第51到55题讲的是什么？
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套仔细阅读第51至55题的短文主题是「卡路里摄入被严重低报」。文章从「你能记住昨天吃了什么吗」切入，指出多数人会漏报零食；作者2016年起就怀疑国家统计中卡路里消费下降失真，英国国家统计局后来证实实际摄入比统计高出50%。文章分析三大低报原因：肥胖水平上升、想减肥者更倾向少报、以及零食和在外就餐增多，并建议政策上帮助人们更容易少摄入热量。
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套选词填空考的是什么话题？
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套选词填空的短文话题是「五星好评与客户满意度评分」。文章吐槽如今买任何东西都被要求给公司打分，从EFTPOS刷卡机的「购物体验」评分，到网购后的满意度调查、删掉还会再发一份，甚至只用了2%的课程就被要求评价。经济学家Jason Murphy称满意度评分已成为现代经济的「核动力源」，作者则质疑这些数据是否建立在虚构之上——自己常常只是随手点最靠近光标的选项。词库共15个词，需按语境选填其中10个。
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套难不难？
- 2021年6月英语四级真题第3套整体难度适中。作文《Do violent video games lead to violence?》是社会热点议论文，立意好写；翻译考「龙井茶」，属常见的中国文化名物题材，词汇难度不高。阅读中最难的是约1035词、CEFR C1级的长篇信息匹配《Science of setbacks》，科研经费与「马太效应」话题抽象、专有名词多；两篇仔细阅读（无聊、卡路里低报）均为B2级，话题贴近生活。想先看排版、题目原文再判断难度，可在懒笔记整卷页逐题浏览。
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套翻译龙井茶的参考译文和答案在哪里看？
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套翻译「龙井茶」的中文原文及各阅读、题目排版可在懒笔记整卷页与题型详情页查看，页面提供试卷原文、篇章精读和逐题解析。需要提醒的是，四六级官方从不公布标准答案，网传的翻译参考译文与选择题答案均为培训机构或网友版本，不同来源用词（如「中国名茶」译作 Famous Chinese Tea 或 China Famous Tea）会有出入，建议只作参考、以理解译法思路为主。
- 2021年6月英语四级第3套和第1套、第2套是同一套题吗？
- 不是同一套。2021年6月英语四级同一考期通常有多套试卷（第1、2、3套），阅读文章、作文题目和翻译主题各不相同。第3套的鲜明标识是：作文《Do violent video games lead to violence?》、翻译考「龙井茶」、长篇阅读为《Science of setbacks》职业挫折主题。核对手中试卷这三处即可确认是不是第3套；懒笔记按套次分别建有整卷页，可逐套对照题目。