2021年6月·第3套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

题干 What have studies found about boredom? 直接问研究的客观发现，未出现 infer/imply/mainly about 等推断或主旨信号

现在完成时一般疑问句 What have studies found about boredom?，主干是 studies have found what about boredom；about boredom 是 found 的范围状语，结构平铺直叙，无陷阱

• A)✓ 正确
  • boredom is good for creativity and innovation↔It facilitates innovative thinking.

  预判的「无聊带来好处+创新」两要素在 It facilitates innovative thinking. 中都被精确还原——facilitates 对应 is good for，innovative thinking 对应 creativity and innovation

• B)与原文相反

  原文说 people are more creative following the completion of a tedious task——是完成无聊任务之后人更有创造力，并非无聊本身是做无聊任务的结果；It is a result of doing boring tasks. 把因果方向倒过来，是典型的与原文相反

• C)无中生有

  P1 谈的是无聊与创造力、创新、心理健康的关系，未提及无聊「帮人和他人连接」；It helps people connect with others. 的内容在 P1 中没有任何对应句

• D)与原文相反

  原文明确说无聊 as well as mental health（与心理健康并列在 good for 之后，意为对心理健康有益），It does harm to one's mental health. 说的是「有害」——评价极性完全反转

题干 What does the author say boredom might indicate? 是对作者陈述的直接发问，无推断或主旨信号

宾语从句 What does the author say boredom might indicate?，主句 the author say + 宾语从句 boredom might indicate what；what 是宾语从句里 indicate 的宾语前移；结构常见，无陷阱

• A)无中生有

  原文未提「希望独处」；A need to be left alone. 是把后文 P3 关于「真实连接」的话题反向推断出来的伪命题，但 P2 中根本没有这层意思

• B)✓ 正确
  • a need that isn't being met↔A desire to be fulfilled.

  预判的「需求+未被满足」两要素被 A desire to be fulfilled. 完整保留——desire 替换 need，to be fulfilled 替换被动定语从句

• C)偷换概念

  A conflict to be resolved. 谈「冲突」，但 P2 全段未提任何 conflict（冲突）的概念——need 是「需求」不是「冲突」，两者不能等同

• D)偷换概念

  A feeling to be validated. 说「需要被确认的感觉」，但原文说的是「需求未被满足」——「确认感觉」与「满足需求」不是一回事；validate 与 meet 不能等价替换

题干 What do we learn about social media from the passage? 问文章告诉我们关于 social media 的什么事实，无推断或主旨信号

一般疑问句 What do we learn about social media from the passage?，主干 we learn what about social media；from the passage 是状语，提示答案在文章里有明文，结构无陷阱

• A)与原文相反

  原文 may result in more connections 说的是社交媒体带来更多连接（在数量上扩大），而 It may be an obstacle to expanding one's connections. 说它「妨碍扩大连接」——评价方向反转

• B)偷换概念

  原文未提 social status（社会地位）；It may get in the way of enhancing one's social status. 中「妨碍提升社会地位」在 P3 中无任何对应——social 一词共用但 status 完全没出现

• C)✓ 正确
  • can get in the way of building a real sense of belonging↔It may prevent people from developing a genuine sense of community.

  预判的「妨碍」+「真正的归属感」两要素被 prevent people from developing a genuine sense of community 完整对应——动词短语、形容词、核心名词全部同步同义替换

• D)偷换概念

  It may make people feel that they ought to fit in with the outside world. 说「让人觉得自己必须融入外部世界」，但原文 the feeling that you fit in with others around you 把 fit in 作为「归属感」的一部分（是好事），不是说社交媒体让人觉得「必须迎合」

题干 What does the author suggest people do to get rid of boredom? 问作者明文给出的建议，无推断信号

宾语从句 + 不定式状语 What does the author suggest people do to get rid of boredom?，主句 the author suggest + 宾语 people do what；to get rid of boredom 是目的状语；结构稍复杂但无陷阱

• A)与原文相反

  原文 no matter how many likes you get on your post 明确否定「数点赞」的价值；Count the likes they get on their posts. 反而把「数点赞」当作建议——完全反向

• B)答非所问

  Reflect on how they relate to others. 说「反思自己如何与他人相处」，但作者的建议是「采取行动加入组织」，不是「反思」；reflect 与 take action 是两种完全不同的应对方式

• C)✓ 正确
  • build face-to-face relationships↔Engage in real-life interactions.

  预判的「面对面/线下」+「关系/互动」两要素被 Engage in real-life interactions. 整体保留，且未做任何延伸

• D)与原文相反

  Participate in online discussions. 说「参与线上讨论」——而原文恰恰让人远离屏幕，转向 build face-to-face relationships；线上与线下方向反转

题干 What should people do to enhance their sense of meaning? 直接问该做什么，无推断信号

情态动词疑问句 + 不定式状语 What should people do to enhance their sense of meaning?，主干 people should do what；to enhance... 是目的状语；结构清晰，无陷阱

• A)偷换概念

  Try to do something original. 说「做原创的事」，但原文 make a unique contribution 强调的是「做独特贡献」——unique contribution（独特贡献）与 something original（原创之物）不是同一概念，前者强调贡献的「不可替代性」，后者强调内容的「首创性」

• B)张冠李戴

  Confront significant challenges. 说「直面重大挑战」，但 P4 通篇未提 challenge（挑战）；该词只在 more significant challenges 出现，是 P5 谈「摆脱无聊」的总建议，不是 P4 谈「增强意义感」的具体做法

• C)答非所问

  Define boredom in their unique way. 说「用自己独特的方式定义无聊」——这与题目所问的「增强意义感」无关；该项把 If your definition of boredom is being quiet, mindful, and reflective 中的 definition 一词嫁接到本题

• D)✓ 正确
  • find a cause you can support with your time and talent↔Devote themselves to a worthy cause.

  原文给的两个建议中，选项命中第二个 find a cause you can support with your time and talent——Devote themselves to a worthy cause. 是它的精准凝练