2026年6月英语四级第3套真题句子解析： Although prior studies in animals and humans have shown some biological and behavioral similarities between substance-use disorders and addictive-like consumption of highly processed foods, no studies have looked at whether reducing junk food can trigger withdrawal symptoms in people, she noted.

Although prior studies in animals and humans have shown some biological and behavioral similarities between substance-use disorders and addictive-like consumption of highly processed foods, no studies have looked at whether reducing junk food can trigger withdrawal symptoms in people

主句是“no studies have looked at ...”。其中，句首“Although ...”是第一层让步状语从句；“whether reducing junk food can trigger withdrawal symptoms in people”是“looked at”的宾语从句，形成另一层嵌套；在whether从句内部，“reducing junk food”又是动名词短语作主语。句子同时包含从句和非谓语结构，属于多重嵌套。

no studies have looked at whether reducing junk food can trigger withdrawal symptoms in people

主句主干是“no studies have looked at ...”，但句首较长的Although让步状语从句先占据了位置，使主句的主语“no studies”和谓语“have looked”延后出现；读者需要先处理完整的前置让步从句，才能定位主句主干。这属于长前置成分导致的主干后移。

she noted

句末“she noted”由逗号与前面的完整句子隔开，表示说话者对前述内容的补充说明，相当于“她指出”。去掉该部分后，前面的主句“no studies have looked at ...”仍然语法完整，因此它是插入性的评注成分。

Although prior studies in animals and humans have shown some biological and behavioral similarities between substance-use disorders and addictive-like consumption of highly processed foods

"Although" 是从属连词，表示“尽管、虽然”，引导让步状语从句。让步从句先承认一个事实，主句再说明与这一事实形成转折或出乎预期的结果。

本句中，"Although" 引导的从句说明以往研究已经发现两类问题之间存在相似性；主句却指出目前没有研究考察减少垃圾食品是否会引发戒断症状，因此构成“尽管有相关相似性研究，但是仍缺乏该方面研究”的让步关系。

识别这类结构时，可先找主句和由 "although" 引导的从句，再用“尽管……但是……”连接两部分。"Although" 从句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后；位于句首时，通常用逗号与主句分隔。

不要把 "although" 简单理解为普通的原因或时间连接词。它表达的是让步：从句内容成立，但主句结果并未因此被否定或阻止。