2017年12月·第1套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 51–55 题答案与解析

题干 What does the author say is the problem with women 是 wh-question，问作者明说的观点而非推断，且无 infer/imply/suggest 字眼，按常规细节定位走。

题干 What does the author say is the problem with women? 由 What 引导的特殊疑问句嵌套：主句 What does the author say，宾语从句省略 that，从句主干为 ___ is the problem with women，what 实际充当从句的主语补足语。结构平铺，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  原文只说她们 will not get you where you want to be —— 暗示"知道想去哪里只是去不了"，并未说她们"不清楚目标是什么"，A 项把"达不到目标"偷换成"目标不清"。

• B)无中生有

  原文 overworked or over-committed at home and on the job 是"家庭和工作都过度"的并列，不是"家庭比工作更投入"的比较，B 项凭空捏造了 more...than 的程度对比。

• C)无中生有

  原文批评的是女性 overworked or over-committed（承担过多），完全没有讨论她们对自身前景是否过度乐观；C 项用 over-optimistic about how far they could go 顶替 problem，与文意无关。

• D)✓ 正确
  • overworked or over-committed at home and on the job↔push themselves beyond the limits of their ability
  • will not get you where you want to be in life↔push themselves

  预判"女性把自己逼到极限之外"，D 项 push themselves beyond the limits of their ability 是对 overworked or over-committed 的完美名词化改写，唯一对应。

题干 Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy 用 Why 问原因，答案应在文中原因句里直接找到，不需要推断。

题干 Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy? 主干 Why do working women feel drained of energy；of child-bearing age 是后置介词短语修饰 women；drained of energy 是过去分词作表语，相当于 exhausted。结构平铺，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • trying to balance careers and home↔satisfy the demands of both work and home
  • trying to↔struggle to

  预判"既要顾事业又要顾家庭"，A 项 struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home 把 balance careers and home 完整改写，唯一精准对应。

• B)以偏概全

  原文说她们要 balance careers and home（事业与家庭双线作战），而不是"过分投入工作以至于无法放松"；B 项把双线压力偷换成单线工作狂。

• C)张冠李戴

  原文谈的是家庭和事业的双线疲惫，并非与同事合作；P4 提到 the desire to be liked by their colleagues 但那是说她们不肯说"no"的原因，不是 child-bearing age 疲惫的原因。

• D)偷换概念

  原文用 trying to balance（主动尝试）描述女性面对家庭与事业的态度，并未说她们 obliged to（被迫、有义务）承担太多责任；且 too many responsibilities 是抽象总评，丢掉了原文 careers/home 的具体双线对照。

题干 What may hinder the future prospects of career women 是 wh-question 直接问妨碍因素，文中应有对应的明示句。

题干 What may hinder the future prospects of career women? What 作主语，may hinder 是情态动词 + 动词，宾语是 the future prospects of career women。情态动词 may 透露答案口吻偏委婉/概率性，与原文表述风格一致。结构无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • this inability to say "no"↔Their unwillingness to say "no".
  • may be hurting women's ... career↔hinder the future prospects of career women

  预判"无法/不愿说不"，A 项 Their unwillingness to say "no". 把 inability to say no 改写为 unwillingness to say no，是四个选项里唯一与定位句主语对应的，唯一选项。

• B)与原文相反

  原文 P5 明确说女性 don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive（不想被看作强势/具有破坏性），即她们恰恰不渴望被认为强势；B 项 desire to be considered powerful 与原文方向完全相反。

• C)无中生有

  原文 P1 说她们 will not get you where you want to be in life，从未提及她们"低估自己的能力"；问题在过度承担而非自我评价过低，C 项把"做太多"偷换成"觉得自己做不到"。

• D)与原文相反

  原文 P3 说女性 Women want to be able to do it all，是主动揽下所有；P5 说她们对待冲突 may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem，是主动选最快路径，并非"没勇气面对挑战"。

题干 Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______ 是待补全陈述句，问对比差异的具体内容，可在文中直接找到对比句。

题干 Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______：主干 Men and women differ；in their approach to resolving... 是介词短语作状语说明在哪方面有差异；in that 是连词短语相当于 because，引导原因/具体差异说明。注意 their approach to resolving 中 to 是介词非不定式，后接动名词，结构无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  原文说女性 approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem（求快求易处理冲突），重点是"图快图省事"而不是"容易满足"；easily satisfied 与 quickly resolve 不是同义。

• B)无中生有

  原文只对比了男女处理冲突的"视角"差异（自利 vs 求快），从未提及任何一方更具说服力（more persuasive）的维度。

• C)✓ 正确
  • Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most↔men tend to put their personal interests first
  • from the perspective of↔put ... first

  预判"男性以自身利益为先"，C 项 men tend to put their personal interests first 把 what benefits them most 完整改写为 personal interests first，是唯一对位选项。

• D)答非所问

  题干问 Men and women differ in that ___，空格需要填"差异的具体表现"。D 写 women are more ready to compromise（女性更愿妥协）虽与文章倾向不矛盾，但与 Men 的所作所为没构成 in that 之后所需的"对比落脚点"——文章对比的关键差异在 men 的 self-interest，而非 women 的 compromise；且原文 doing the boring work themselves 更接近"自我牺牲"而非"妥协"，措辞也不准。

题干 What is important to a good leader? 直接问什么对领导者重要，答案应是文中明说，无推断成分。

题干 What is important to a good leader? 主系表结构：What 作主语，is important 表评价，to a good leader 是介词短语补足 important 的对象。短句无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  原文 Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely 完全没有提到 dominant personality（强势人格）；相反，P5 还提到女性想避免被看作 aggressive——"强势"在本文是负面色彩，与"好领导"无关。

• B)✓ 正确
  • Leaders have to be able to delegate↔The ability to delegate.
  • Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.↔The ability to delegate.

  预判"会授权"，B 项 The ability to delegate. 把 delegate 这一动词原词保留并改成名词短语 ability to delegate，是定位句的精准 nominalization，唯一选项。

• C)无中生有

  原文谈的是 leaders have to delegate and manage resources（要授权、要管资源），从未提到 admit failure（承认失败）这一品质。

• D)与原文相反

  原文 Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion 明确指出"自己揽下更多工作"（即强烈责任感的具体表现）反而不会换来晋升；D 项 A strong sense of responsibility 恰好是 P6 否定的对象。