2022年9月·第1套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 51–55 题答案与解析

What does the author say companies should do 在问作者具体让公司做什么，落点是文中明示的一条做法，没有 infer / imply / mainly about 之类的字眼，因此走常规定位路径即可。

题干主干是 What does the author say companies should do，what 既是 say 的宾语从句中 do 的宾语，也是整句的疑问焦点；句尾 in the context of remote work 是介词短语状语，限定背景。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • reconsider the appropriateness of their performance evaluation procedures↔Reform performance evaluation

  Reform performance evaluation 既保留了 "重新审视"（reform）的动作，也保留了 "绩效评估"（performance evaluation）的对象，完全覆盖预判语义。

• B)偷换概念

  Rethink the organizational fundamentals 把原文的 "绩效评估制度" 偷换成 "组织根本"；原文虽提 a fundamental rethinking of what organizations expect from employees，但 fundamental 在原文是修饰 rethinking 的副词性形容词，并非要 "重审组织根本" 这一对象。

• C)无中生有

  Reexamine its effects on employees' behaviors 谈的是 "重新审视远程办公对员工行为的影响"，原文从未谈论 "对员工行为的影响" 这一对象，只谈对评估制度的影响。

• D)答非所问

  Reflect on its differences from working in the office 说的是 "反思远程办公与在办公室办公的差异"，仅对应原文铺垫句 Remote work is about more than just working from home—it means working differently，没有触及作者真正提出的 "重审绩效评估" 这一行动建议。

题干 What should be prioritized 问 "什么应被优先考虑"，问的是一个具体的优先项；无推断信号，原文必有明示。

题干为 What should be prioritized in assessing employees' remote work：被动语态 should be prioritized，主语 what 是被优先项；in V-ing 短语作状语，标明范围。结构直白，无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  The quantity of their output 关心的是 "产出的数量"，与原文 the quality of an employee's contribution 中的 quality 形成数 vs 质的直接对立；第三段 Focusing on output alone can have unintended consequences 也明确反对单看产出。

• B)与原文相反

  The length of their work time 即 "工作时长"，恰恰是原文 the "first to arrive and last to leave" mentality 所代表的旧心态，被作者明确判为 "no longer relevant"。

• C)✓ 正确
  • the quality of an employee's contribution to the organization↔The quality of their contribution

  The quality of their contribution 把 but 之后的新标准短语几乎原样搬过来，完全等于预判结果。

• D)张冠李戴

  The flexibility of their work schedules 谈 "工作时间安排的弹性"，对应的是第六段 flexible work schedules，那里讨论的是 "补偿" 而非 "评估优先项"，被嫁接到了第 52 题。

题干 What quality ... would be of great importance 问的是一项被作者点名为重要的素质，原文必有明示项。

题干主干 What quality in the employees would be of great importance in a remote work context：what 修饰 quality，构成疑问焦点；in the employees 与 in a remote work context 都是 in 短语作定语 / 状语；would be 是表 "一般陈述" 的虚拟语气。无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  The ability to produce quality work 谈 "产出高质量工作"，回到的是第二段 the quality of the work，与第 52 题答案重合；第三段开头 Focusing on output alone can have unintended consequences 已明确不再单看产出。

• B)无中生有

  The ability to maximize work efficiency 提出 "工作效率最大化"，原文从未出现 efficiency 或与之对应的概念；远程办公段也未谈效率优化。

• C)张冠李戴

  The ability to finish tasks in a timely manner 谈 "按时完成任务"，把第四段的 timely feedback 嫁接到第三段；原文谈的是反馈要及时，并非要求员工按时交付。

• D)✓ 正确
  • the ability to work under minimal supervision↔The ability to work with the least supervision

  The ability to work with the least supervision 与预判 "在极少督导下工作的能力" 在动词、对象、形容词强度上一一对应。

题干 Why is it important for firms to provide timely feedback 问 "为何及时反馈很重要"，原文必然存在与之对应的 "to do / so that / in order to" 类目的句。

题干 Why is it important for firms to provide timely feedback during the pandemic：句型 "why is it important for sb to do sth"，it 是形式主语、to provide 是真正主语；during the pandemic 介词短语作状语限定时间。无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  To evaluate their employees of similar rank in a consistent way 谈 "以一致方式评估同级员工"，对应的是第二段 in a way that is consistent for employees of similar rank，那里讲的是绩效度量、不是反馈目的。

• B)以偏概全

  To keep a watchful eye on those employees who perform poorly 只对应原文 keep an eye on struggling employees 这一半目的，遗漏了 provide ongoing feedback on how employees are adapting；而且 perform poorly 把中性词 struggling 偷换成了带负面评价的 "表现差劲"。

• C)✓ 正确
  • provide ongoing feedback on how employees are adapting to their new work environment↔To help employees in need adapt to the new work environment
  • keep an eye on struggling employees↔employees in need

  To help employees in need adapt to the new work environment 同时命中原文目的中的两个核心元素——struggling employees（in need）与 adapting to their new work environment（adapt to the new work environment）。

• D)无中生有

  To maintain connections with their employees away from office 谈 "维持与异地员工的联系"，原文从未把 timely feedback 的目的描述为 "维持联系"，连 connection 一词都没出现。

题干 What is the author's suggestion 问一条明示的建议，落点具体，无推断信号词。

题干 What is the author's suggestion to employers who experience the financial impact of the pandemic：主干 "What is the author's suggestion"，to employers 是 suggestion 的对象状语，who 引导定语从句修饰 employers。结构略长但逻辑清晰，无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  Urging their employees to adapt to the new situation 把建议的发出对象与动作都改了：原文要求雇主 "改用非金钱奖励"，而本项变成 "催促员工适应新形势"。adapt to the new situation 又把 adapting to their new work environment 拼贴过来。

• B)✓ 正确
  • non-financial ways to reward employees↔Rewarding their employees in unconventional ways

  Rewarding their employees in unconventional ways 既保留了原文的核心动作 reward，又把 non-financial 抽象到 unconventional，与预判 "用非金钱 / 非常规方式奖励员工" 完全合拍。

• C)无中生有

  Identifying employees who make little contribution 谈 "识别低贡献员工"，原文从未提出在疫情下要 "挑出低贡献员工" 这种建议；contribution 一词只在第二段衡量标准中出现，与第六段建议无关。

• D)过度推断

  Allowing their employees to look for part-time jobs 谈 "允许员工找兼职"，原文虽提到 unpaid time off or flexible work schedules，但没有任何 "找兼职" 的建议；二者不可等同。