2023年12月·第3套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What do we learn from the passage about Red Rum the racehorse 问对赛马的整体了解，落点仍是文中可直接找到的客观陈述，而非要求读者跨段推断或归纳全文主旨。

What do we learn from the passage about Red Rum the racehorse 主干是 What do we learn，介词短语 from the passage 表来源，about Red Rum the racehorse 表对象，其中 the racehorse 是 Red Rum 的同位语，仅起身份补充，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  He captured public affection long before he won national titles 凭空添加“夺冠之前就赢得公众喜爱”的时间先后关系，原文 P1 只说他广受喜爱，未提“夺冠之前”。

• B)✓ 正确
  • few horses have captured the affection of the British public like Red Rum↔He won enormous fame and love from British people
  • the affection of the British public↔love from British people

  预判说“他从英国公众那里获得巨大名声与喜爱”，He won enormous fame and love from British people 是这句话的同义复述，无需推断即可锁定。

• C)偷换概念

  原文 three decades after his retirement, he is still one of the best-known and most beloved racehorses of all time 只说退役三十年后他仍然知名；He became a myth three decades after his retirement 把 still well-known 偷换成 became a myth（成为一个神话/传说），属于程度与性质的偷换。

• D)以偏概全

  He owed his great success to several well-known horse trainers 说“他把成功归因于多位知名教练”；但原文 The agent who made the purchase was the now-legendary horse trainer Donald "Ginger" McCain 全文只突出一位教练 Ginger，没有 several。

题干问 the serious bone disease 对二者意味着什么，答案是一句可直接从原文复制的评价，不需要推断。

What did the serious bone disease in Red Rum's foot mean to himself and his trainer 主干是 the bone disease mean to whom，其中 in Red Rum's foot 是 the serious bone disease 的后置定语，to himself and his trainer 是 mean 的对象。需留意 himself 在英语里指代上文出现的男性化主语，这里回指 Red Rum。

• A)✓ 正确
  • it was just an obstacle to greatness that had to be overcome↔It was simply a hindrance they had to get over to excel
  • had to be overcome↔they had to get over

  It was simply a hindrance they had to get over to excel 几乎是 it was just an obstacle to greatness that had to be overcome 的逐词同义改写，预判与选项几乎重合。

• B)无中生有

  It was surely a disadvantage though not considered fatal 加了一个 not considered fatal 的让步，原文从未拿“致命/非致命”来评价此病；选项偷偷在原句外塞入新评价。

• C)与原文相反

  原文 For many horses (and many trainers) this would mean the end of a racing career before it even began 用虚拟 would mean 描述“对很多马而言”的假设结果；It was actually the end of a racing career that had just begun 把这种他人假设包装成 himself and his trainer 身上的事实，与原文相反。

• D)过度推断

  It was really a major obstacle hard to overcome on their own 在 obstacle 之外加了 hard to overcome on their own 这种“难以靠自己克服”的修饰，原文 had to be overcome 只说“必须翻越”，未评价难度，也未提是否需要外援。

What does the author say Red Rum did with his power, speed and jumping ability 问凭这三种能力做成了什么，原文里必有承接句直接给出结果。

What does the author say Red Rum did with his power, speed and jumping ability 句中 the author say 是插入性主语从句框架，真正的问题核心是 Red Rum did what with his power, speed and jumping ability，介词 with 引出工具。基础薄弱的考生容易被 does the author say 带偏去找作者观点，实质仍是问赛马本身的行为。

• A)张冠李戴

  He won his first Grand National title at 12 把首冠年龄定为 12 岁；但 his first Grand National title in 1973 是首冠时间，而 He was 12 years old 是 1977 年第三冠时的年龄，选项把第三冠的年龄安到首冠头上。

• B)张冠李戴

  He took two firsts successively in 1935-1936 把 1935-1936 连冠归到 Red Rum 名下，但原文 He was the first horse to take successive firsts since Reynoldstown in 1935-1936 明确 1935-1936 的连冠属于另一匹马 Reynoldstown。

• C)张冠李戴

  He surprised sporting fans worldwide in 1973 把“worldwide 惊讶”与 1973 挂钩，但原文 He surprised sporting fans around the world 明确发生在 1977 年第三冠那次，与 in 1973 无关。

• D)✓ 正确
  • his first Grand National title in 1973↔three Grand National wins in the 1970s
  • the first horse to take successive firsts↔three Grand National wins in the 1970s
  • taking his third Grand National win↔three Grand National wins in the 1970s

  把 1973、1974、1977 三场冠军合并，正好对应 three Grand National wins in the 1970s，全部时间都落在 1970 年代。

What did people generally think of Red Rum when he returned to the racecourse in 1977 问的是原文中直接表述过的公众看法，不需要跨段推断。

What did people generally think of Red Rum when he returned to the racecourse in 1977 主干 What did people think of X，时间状语从句 when he returned to the racecourse in 1977 用一般过去时锁定 1977 那次复出。考生注意 think of 在此是“对……有何看法”，不是“想到”。

• A)✓ 正确
  • was largely regarded as past his prime↔He had already passed the peak of his racing life

  原文 past his prime 与选项 passed the peak of his racing life 是同义改写，且 was largely regarded as 完整对应题干 people generally think。

• B)与原文相反

  He would have no rival in Grand National steeplechases 说他在大赛中无敌手；原文 he was largely regarded as past his prime 表达的是相反的预期——大家觉得他过气了。

• C)与原文相反

  He had lost his charm with the leagues of Grand National fans 说他对大赛粉丝失去了魅力；但原文 Red Rum's spirit and grace had already begun to charm the leagues of Grand National fans 与 P5 处都未出现魅力消失的描述，反而 his public life and fame by no means decreased 进一步否定这一说法。

• D)与原文相反

  He could be expected to repeat his glory in the prime of his career 说“大家期待他在巅峰期再现辉煌”；但原文 not expected to place highly 明说他不被看好，且 past his prime 已说明他不在巅峰。

What became of Red Rum after his career ended 问退役后的整体情况，原文末段直接给出概括语句，无需跨段归纳。

What became of Red Rum after his career ended 主干 What became of Red Rum，become of 是固定搭配，意为“……后来怎样了”，时间状语从句 after his career ended 限定时间范围。考生容易把 became 理解成“成为”而读不懂句子，记住 became of 是整体短语，不可拆。

• A)答非所问

  He suffered from severe pain in a heel 把蹄部受伤说成退役后的状态；原文 suffered an injury in one of his heels shortly before the race. He was retired soon after 明示受伤在退役前，且未提持续“severe pain”。

• B)过度推断

  He spent almost all his time traveling 把 traveled all over the country for various engagements 夸大为“几乎所有时间都在旅行”，原文只说他经常奔波出席活动，没说“几乎所有时间”。

• C)偷换概念

  He lived on various charity benefits 中 lived on 意为“靠……生活”，把 was a popular guest at charity benefits 这种“出席慈善活动”误读为“靠慈善活动养活”，性质完全不同。

• D)✓ 正确
  • his public life and fame by no means decreased↔He remained famous and popular
  • Red Rum traveled all over the country for various engagements↔He remained famous and popular

  P6 既有总括 by no means decreased 又有具体 popular guest，二者共同指向 He remained famous and popular。