2016年12月英语六级真题第2套 Part II Section B (2)

文章 extensively uses numerical data 来 support its claims，比如 death rate decreased 14 percent for women and 20 percent for men，Alzheimer's death rate increased from 3.8 percent to 8.5 percent，flu death rate dropped from 7.4 percent to 4.1 percent，以及 centenarian population 从 50,281 增长到 72,197。这些 precise statistics 让 mortality trends 的变化变得 concrete and convincing，强化了文章关于 centenarian health patterns shifting 的 main argument，使读者能够 quantify the magnitude of change 而不是仅仅依赖 vague descriptions。

信号词 percent rate number compared to from...to increase decrease drop more than doubled 72,197 50,281 18,434 25,914

仿写： 在写作 health trends 或 demographic changes 的说明文时，think about what aspects 需要 quantification。问自己：What exactly changed? By how much? Over what period? 然后 collect precise data 来 answer these questions。模版：「从[年份]到[年份]，[指标]从[数值A]变化到[数值B]，[上升/下降]了[百分比/数值]。」或「在[时间段]内，[现象]的[指标]达到[具体数值]，compared to [对比数值]。」记住要 pair numbers with clear context，让数字 serve the argument 而不是 overwhelm readers。

文章 systematically compares data across different time periods (2000 vs 2014, 2008 vs 2014) 和 between different groups (women vs men)。Through these comparisons，读者能够 grasp the directional changes in mortality patterns。比如 comparing Alzheimer's as third cause in 2000 to second in 2014 demonstrates its rising significance，while flu dropping from third to fifth shows its declining impact。这种 temporal and categorical comparison 是文章 establish trends 的 fundamental method，让 static numbers 变成 dynamic narratives of change，perfectly serving 文章关于 shifting health challenges among centenarians 的主旨。

信号词 compared to but by from...to whereas while in contrast on the other hand versus than more than less than top five in 2000...by 2014

仿写： 当你想 demonstrate change or evaluate significance 时，establish clear comparison frames。问自己：What two points (时间、群体、类别) best illustrate my argument? 确保 comparison elements 是 parallel and meaningful。模版：「在[时间A]，[对象]是[状态A]，but by [时间B]，[对象]变成了[状态B]」或「[群体A]的[指标]是[数值A]，compared to [群体B]的[数值B]」。Key principle: 让 comparison serve a purpose，不要为了 compare 而 compare。每个 comparison 都应该 reveal something important about your topic。

文章在 第2段 specifically lists the top five causes of death (heart disease, stroke, flu, cancer and Alzheimer's disease)，这是 concrete examples of what kills centenarians。在 第3段，文章 uses cancer as a specific example 来 explain why Alzheimer's rises ("even after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer")。These examples 把 abstract concept of "leading causes of death" 变成 tangible diseases that readers can visualize，making the discussion of mortality patterns more accessible and relatable，同时 supporting 文章关于 disease hierarchy shifting 的 central claim。

信号词 such as for example for instance including like e.g. namely specifically the top five one reason

仿写： 当你 present a general category or abstract concept 时，ask yourself: What specific instances would make this clear? Choose examples that are representative and recognizable。模版：「[总体概念]包括[具体例子A]、[具体例子B]和[具体例子C]」或「比如[具体例子]，它[如何体现总体概念]」。在 medical or scientific writing，diseases, conditions, or specific cases 都是 powerful examples。Remember: examples 应该 illuminate rather than overwhelm，选择 most illustrative ones 而不是 exhaustive lists。

文章在 第3段 对 Alzheimer's rise 提供了 explanatory interpretation："One reason for the rise...may be that developing this condition remains possible even after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases." 然后进一步 elaborates with "In other words, it appears that their minds give out before their bodies do." 这个 interpretive explanation 不是 simply stating facts，而是 offering a causal mechanism 来 help readers understand why the pattern occurs。这种 interpretive layer adds depth to the statistical data presented elsewhere，让文章不仅 report changes 还 explain underlying logic，perfectly serving 文章探讨 mortality pattern shifts 的 analytical purpose。

信号词 One reason may be In other words This means That is to say This suggests appears that This indicates The explanation is This is because due to as a result

仿写： 当你 present complex data or phenomena 时，don't just state facts—explain the logic behind them。问自己：Why does this happen? What does this mean in practical terms? How can I make this clearer? 使用 explanatory phrases 来 introduce your interpretation。模版：「[现象]的原因可能是[解释性说明]」或「换句话说，[用更易懂的方式重述]」或「这意味着[阐明含义或影响]」。Key technique: 提供 a causal chain or a simplified restatement that makes your point more digestible。记住 use "may be," "appears," "suggests" 来 appropriately hedge interpretations when dealing with complex causality。

文章在 第1段 implicitly categorizes centenarians by gender (women and men) 来 compare death rates，在 第2段 explicitly categorizes by disease types ("the top five causes of death")，organizing mortality causes into ranked categories。这种 categorical organization 让 complex mortality data 变得 structured and manageable，帮助 readers systematically understand different dimensions of centenarian health。By breaking down information into gender categories and disease type categories，文章能够 present a comprehensive yet organized picture of mortality trends，directly supporting 文章关于 changing patterns 的 analytical framework。

信号词 top five categories types groups divided into classified as can be grouped falls into among leading causes women and men first...second...third

仿写： 当你 deal with complex or multifaceted topics 时，ask yourself: What are the natural divisions or types within this subject? 确保 your categories are mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive when possible。模版：「[主题]可以分为[类别A]和[类别B]」或「根据[分类标准]，[主题]包括[类别列举]」。在 health or demographic writing，common classification bases include gender, age groups, disease types, time periods。Key principle: 让 your classification serve analytical purposes，每个 category 应该 reveal something meaningful about the phenomenon you're explaining。