But it became increasingly clear that Piaget seemed to have gravely underestimated the intellectual powers of very young kids before they can make themselves understood by speech.
主句,表达核心观点,说明某个认识变得越来越清楚,采用形式主语 it 引出真正主语从句
成分推断 · 3 项
- 在主句中寻找动词:出现了 "became"、"seemed"、"underestimated"、"can make"、"understood" 等多个动词形式
- 判断哪个是主句谓语:"it" 后面紧跟 "became",构成 "it became" 的主谓搭配;"seemed" 出现在 "that" 引导的从句中,"underestimated" 是 "seemed to have" 后的动词,"can make" 在 "before" 引导的从句中
- 排除其他候选:"seemed" 前有 "that" 隔开,属于从句;"underestimated" 是不定式的完成体,不是独立谓语;"can make" 在状语从句中
- 因此主句谓语是 "became",这是一个系动词,后接形容词 "clear" 作表语
- 在 "became" 前面寻找主语:只有 "it" 出现在 "became" 之前("But" 是连词不算)
- 判断 "it" 的性质:"it became clear that..." 是典型的形式主语句式,"it" 本身不指代具体事物,真正的主语是 "that" 引导的从句
- 因此 "it" 是形式主语,真正主语是 "that Piaget seemed to have gravely underestimated the intellectual powers of very young kids before they can make themselves understood by speech"
- 系动词 "became" 后面需要表语:观察到 "became" 后跟着 "increasingly clear"
- 确认词性和结构:"clear" 是形容词,"increasingly" 是程度副词修饰 "clear",整体 "increasingly clear" 说明主语的状态
- "that" 引导的从句不是表语:"that" 从句是真正主语,不是表语;表语只是 "increasingly clear" 这个形容词短语
- 因此 "increasingly clear" 是主句的表语
时态 · 语态 · 语气
- 时态判断:谓语 "became" 是 "become" 的过去式,没有助动词、情态动词、完成体标志(have/has/had)或进行体标志(be + -ing),因此是一般过去时
- 语态判断:"became" 是系动词,连接主语和表语,不涉及动作的主动或被动,系表结构的语态填不适用
- 语气判断:句子是陈述句,没有虚拟语气标志(如与事实相反的条件、建议命令后的从句等),也不是祈使句,因此是陈述语气
语义说明 一般过去时表明 "变得越来越清楚" 这一认识变化发生在过去某个时间,陈述的是已经完成的事实