2022年9月英语六级第1套真题句子解析： The more advertising they see, the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when they go with their parents to the store.

the more..., the more... (比较级递进句式)

The more advertising they see the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items

这是英语中表示"越……越……"的经典句式,由"the + 比较级..., the + 比较级..."构成。第一个 the 引导条件或原因分句,第二个 the 引导结果分句,两者形成因果递进关系。本句中"the more advertising they see"(他们看到的广告越多)作为条件,"the more likely they are to..."(他们就越有可能……)作为结果。这个句式在四六级和考研写作中极为常用,可用于论证各类因果递进关系,如"The harder you work, the greater progress you will make"。需要注意:两个分句都采用陈述语序(主语 + 谓语),而非疑问语序;比较级后可接名词、形容词或副词;第二个分句常用一般现在时或一般将来时。

• ✓ The more advertising they see, the more likely they are... ✗ The more advertising they see, they are more likely... 第二个分句必须保留 the,不能省略;且 the 必须紧跟比较级。
• ✓ The more carefully you plan, the better results you will get. ✗ The more carefully you plan, the results will be better. 第二个分句的比较级应直接修饰核心词,避免冗余的系表结构。

be likely to do (固定搭配)

likely they are to insist on purchasing items

"be likely to do sth"是表示"可能做某事"的标准搭配,likely 作形容词,表示可能性。本句中"they are to insist on"因前置了比较级"more likely",实际完整形式是"they are more likely to insist on"。这个搭配在学术和正式写作中高频出现,可替换"probably/possibly + 动词"的口语表达。需要区分:likely 可作形容词(be likely to do)或副词(will likely do),但中文学习者常误用"It is likely for sb to do",正确形式应为"sb is likely to do"或"It is likely that..."。该搭配可与 probable/possible 比较:likely 强调根据现有证据判断的可能性,probable 侧重客观概率,possible 仅表理论上可行。

• ✓ Children are likely to insist on purchasing items. ✗ It is likely for children to insist on purchasing items. likely 作形容词时,主语应是人或事物本身,不用 It is likely for sb 的形式;若要用形式主语,应为 It is likely that...
• ✓ She is likely to succeed. / It is likely that she will succeed. ✗ She is likely succeeding. be likely 后必须接 to do 不定式,不能接动名词或现在分词。

insist on doing (固定搭配)

insist on purchasing items

"insist on doing sth"意为"坚持做某事",on 是介词,后接动名词。这个搭配强调坚持、坚决要求的态度,常用于描述固执己见或强烈要求的行为。本句中"insist on purchasing items"(坚持要购买商品)体现了儿童受广告影响后的强烈购买欲望。需要注意:insist 后可接 on doing(坚持做)或 that 从句(坚持认为/要求),两者语义不同——"insist on doing"强调行动上的坚持,"insist that sb (should) do"强调要求或主张,从句用虚拟语气。中文学习者易误用"insist to do"或"insist doing",这两种形式都不标准。该搭配可与 persist in doing(坚持不懈做)对比:persist 更强调长期持续,insist 更强调态度坚决。

• ✓ He insisted on leaving early. ✗ He insisted to leave early. / He insisted leaving early. insist 表示坚持做某事时,必须用 insist on doing,不能用 to do 或直接接动名词。
• ✓ She insists on working alone. / She insists that she work alone. ✗ She insists on that she works alone. insist on 后接动名词或名词,若要接从句需去掉 on,直接用 insist that。

advertising (不可数名词用法)

The more advertising they see

本句中 advertising 用作不可数名词,意为"广告(总称)、广告业",指广告这一概念或广告活动的整体。这是 advertising 的常见用法,与可数名词 advertisement(一则具体广告,可缩写为 ad)形成对比。"the more advertising they see"强调的是广告接触的总量或频次,而非具体广告的数量。在学术写作和正式语境中,advertising 常用于讨论广告行业、广告策略或广告的影响,如"advertising budget"(广告预算)、"advertising campaign"(广告活动)。中文学习者易混淆:advertising 多指抽象概念或行业,advertisement 指具体的一则广告,如"I saw an advertisement on TV"(我在电视上看到一则广告)与"Advertising influences consumer behavior"(广告影响消费者行为)。

• ✓ Children are exposed to a lot of advertising. ✗ Children are exposed to many advertisings. advertising 作为不可数名词,不能加复数 s,也不能用 many 修饰,应用 much/a lot of。
• ✓ I saw three advertisements in the magazine. / Advertising has a strong impact on sales. ✗ I saw three advertising in the magazine. 具体的广告用可数名词 advertisement,抽象概念用不可数名词 advertising。

items (语境义与搭配)

purchasing items

本句中 items 意为"商品、物品",是 item 的复数形式,在消费和购物语境中是标准用语。Item 本意为"一项、一件",在不同语境中有不同含义:在购物语境中指商品(如本句),在列表或清单中指条目(如 agenda items 议程项目),在新闻中可指报道(news item)。"purchasing items"是购物场景的常见表达,items 相比 goods(货物,偏批发或贸易)或 products(产品,偏生产制造),更侧重零售消费场景中的具体商品。在学术写作中,items 也常用于抽象事物,如 test items(测试题目)、questionnaire items(问卷条目)。中文学习者可能不熟悉 item 在购物语境中的用法,易直译为"东西"而忽略其正式性。

when 时间状语的语义功能

when they go with their parents to the store

本句中"when they go with their parents to the store"是时间状语,修饰主句的动作"insist on purchasing items",明确了坚持购买行为发生的时间场景——即当他们和父母一起去商店时。When 引导的这一部分不仅提供了时间信息,还隐含了情境因素:孩子在父母陪同下去商店,此时广告影响的效果得以显现(坚持要买)。这种时间状语在因果论证中很常见,用于界定条件或场景,使论点更具体、更有说服力。需要注意:本句的核心逻辑是"the more..., the more..."递进句式,when 引导的时间状语是对第二个分句中动作的场景补充,而非独立的逻辑层次。在写作中,适当使用时间状语可以让抽象论点更贴近实际场景,增强可信度。

go with sb to... (动作搭配)

go with their parents to the store

"go with sb to..."是表示"和某人一起去某地"的常用搭配,with 引入同行者,to 引入目的地。本句中"go with their parents to the store"(和父母一起去商店)是日常口语和写作中的自然表达。这个搭配中,go 是不及物动词,with 引导介词短语作方式状语,to 引导介词短语作地点状语。需要注意:go with 除了表示"和……一起去",还有"与……相配"的意思(如 This shirt goes with those pants),语境不同含义不同。中文学习者有时会漏掉 with 或 to,写成"go their parents"或"go the store",这是不符合英语语法的。该搭配可扩展为 go with sb to do sth(和某人一起去做某事),如"I went with my friend to watch a movie"。

• ✓ She went with her friends to the mall. ✗ She went her friends to the mall. / She went with her friends the mall. go 是不及物动词,同行者用 with 引入,目的地用 to 引入,两个介词都不可省略。

比较级句式中的主谓一致与语序

the more likely they are to insist

在"the more..., the more..."句式中,第二个分句"the more likely they are to insist"展示了两个关键语法点:主谓一致与语序。首先,likely 是形容词,需要系动词 be,因此是"they are likely"而非"they likely";其次,比较级 more 提前后,主谓语序保持正常(they are),不倒装。中文学习者常犯两类错误:一是受汉语"越……越……"影响,省略系动词或助动词,写成"the more likely they to insist";二是误以为比较级提前需要倒装,写成"the more likely are they to insist"。正确理解是:the 和比较级构成一个整体,作为状语修饰整个分句,分句本身保持陈述语序。这个规则适用于所有"the + 比较级"句式,如"The harder you work, the more successful you will be"(而非 will you be)。

• ✓ The more tired I am, the less productive I become. ✗ The more tired I am, the less productive become I. 第二个分句保持正常主谓语序,不因比较级提前而倒装。
• ✓ The more carefully you read, the better you will understand. ✗ The more carefully you read, the better understand you will. 比较级修饰的词与主谓结构的位置需保持标准语序,比较级紧跟其修饰的词。

不定式作 likely 的补足成分

likely they are to insist on purchasing items

本句中"be likely to insist"是"be likely to do"结构的应用,to insist 是不定式,作 likely 的补足成分,说明"可能做"的具体动作。中文学习者易受母语影响,将"可能做某事"直译为"be likely doing"或省略 to,这是不正确的。Likely 作形容词时,其语义需要通过不定式来完整表达,即"可能【去做】某事",不定式的"将来/意图"语义与 likely 的"可能性"语义自然契合。对比:be likely to do(可能做)、be doing(正在做)、be about to do(即将做)、be going to do(打算做),各自语义和用法不同。此外,likely 后的不定式可以是各种时态形式,如 be likely to have done(可能已经做了),但基础形式 be likely to do 最为常用,也是考试中最需掌握的。

• ✓ She is likely to win the competition. ✗ She is likely winning the competition. / She is likely win the competition. be likely 后必须接 to do 不定式,不能接现在分词或省略 to。