2016年12月·第1套英语六级汉译英（段落翻译） · 度假/旅游在中国兴起的社会现象介绍 参考译文与解析

主干=度假的作用 越来越重要（主语策略：原句主语）中文主语是「度假在中国人生活中的作用」，谓语是「越来越重要」。提取英文主干为 the role of vacationing (in Chinese people's life) becomes more and more important / plays an increasingly important role，主语 the role of vacationing，系动词/谓语表「变得越来越重要」。

「随着…」降级为 with 状语把「随着生活水平的提高」降级成介词短语状语 With the improvement of living standards 置于句首；「在中国人生活中」降级成介词短语 in Chinese people's life 作定语贴在 role 后。这样主干「the role … becomes increasingly important」清爽，修饰成分挂在两侧，不平铺。

With the improvement of living standards, vacationing plays an increasingly important role in Chinese people's life.

主干=中国人 花时间谋生 + 少有机会旅行（主语策略：原句主语）这是两个分句：前半「中国人的时间主要花在谋生上」主语 Chinese people，谓语 spent（their time），用「花时间做某事 spend time (in) doing」；后半「很少有机会外出旅行」承前省主语，仍是 Chinese people had few chances to travel。

两分句用并列谓语 + and 连接前后两个分句主语同为 Chinese people，第二个分句省去重复主语，用 and 连接两个并列谓语：spent most of their time on making a living and had few chances to travel。「外出旅行」即 travel / go out for trips，作 chances 的不定式后置定语 to travel。

In the past, Chinese people spent most of their time making a living and had few chances to travel.

主干=中国旅游业 发展迅速（主语策略：原句主语）主语「中国旅游业」=China's tourism / the tourism industry in China，谓语「发展迅速」=has developed/grown rapidly。主干即 China's tourism has developed rapidly。

本就是简单句，仅安放「然而」与「近年来」主干简单，无需降级从句。只需把「然而」译为句首转折词 However 并加逗号，把「近年来」译为时间状语 in recent years。

However, China's tourism has developed rapidly in recent years.

主干=繁荣与中产出现 引发了 旅游热潮（主语策略：原句主语）主语是并列的两件事「经济的繁荣和富裕中产阶级的出现」=economic prosperity and the emergence of an affluent middle class，谓语「引发了」=have triggered / have given rise to，宾语「一个前所未有的旅游热潮」=an unprecedented tourism boom。

「的出现」转名词化、「前所未有的」作前置定语「富裕中产阶级的出现」用名词化结构 the emergence of an affluent middle class，避免写成完整从句；「前所未有的」是简短形容词，作前置定语 unprecedented 贴在 boom 前即可，不必降级成从句。

Economic prosperity and the emergence of an affluent middle class have given rise to an unprecedented tourism boom.

主干=中国人 不仅国内游，出境游也越来越普遍（主语策略：原句主语）前半「中国人不仅在国内旅游」主语 Chinese people，谓语 travel，用 not only…；后半「出国旅游也越来越普遍」核心是「出国旅游 traveling abroad」越来越普遍，可处理为 but also travel abroad，或独立成 traveling abroad is also becoming increasingly common。

用 not only…but also 串两个旅游行为两个分句主语都是中国人，用 not only travel within China but also (travel) abroad 串起，保持平行结构（not only 后是动词原形 travel，but also 后也接动词 travel abroad）。「越来越普遍」可融入为 it is becoming increasingly common for Chinese people to travel abroad，更地道。

Chinese people not only travel within China, but traveling abroad is also becoming increasingly common.

主干=旅游消费 总计 超过4000亿元（主语策略：原句主语）主语「旅游消费」=tourism spending / consumption，谓语「总计超过」=totaled more than / exceeded，宾语「4000亿元」=400 billion yuan。主干 tourism spending totaled more than 400 billion yuan。

「期间」降级为 during 介词短语前置把「2016年国庆节假日期间」降级成介词短语 During the National Day holiday in 2016 置于句首作时间状语，主干「tourism spending totaled more than 400 billion yuan」紧随其后，结构清晰。

During the National Day holiday in 2016, tourism spending totaled more than 400 billion yuan.

主干=中国 将成为 最大旅游国（且）增长最快国（主语策略：原句主语）主语「中国」=China，谓语「将成为」=will become，两个并列宾语：「世界上最大的旅游国」=the world's largest tourism country / the largest tourist destination，「出境旅游支出增长最快的国家」=the country with the fastest growth in outbound tourism spending。前面「据世界贸易组织估计」作插入的来源状语 According to estimates by the WTO。

两个「将成为」用并列谓语 + and 串接两个分句主语都是 China、都用 will become，第二个分句省主语，用 and 连接两个并列谓语：China will become the world's largest tourism country … and (will) become the country with the fastest-growing outbound tourism spending。「出境旅游支出增长最快的」用 with 短语作后置定语修饰 country，避免堆成长串前置定语。

According to estimates by the World Trade Organization, China will become the world's largest tourism country by 2020, and in the coming years it will become the country with the fastest-growing outbound tourism spending.