2016年12月·第1套 英语六级听力真题原文与答案解析
本页是 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力 的真题原文与答案解析页 —— 与试卷排版同一卷面层级（3 个 Section：长对话 2 · 听力篇章 2 · 讲座/讲话 3），按录音篇目 逐篇排印：7 篇录音各自先给 共 2343 词的完整录音文字稿（逐段中译） ，再逐题接上该题的题目与解析 ——题干与选项中译、正确答案、答案句录音原文与中译、答案信号、同义替换对照与错项原词陷阱归因，全卷共 25 道四选一的题，答案字母分布 A 6 · B 6 · C 6 · D 7。
本套原声音频可直接在本页在线收听（页面底部播放条：0.75–1.5 倍速、前后 10 秒、按录音篇目跳听；各篇题行另有「播放本篇」按钮）。同题型其余套的音频见 英语六级听力真题总页。
听力题和解析
本卷全部 25 题的标准答案与完整录音文字稿由懒笔记基于2016年12月·第1套 英语六级听力原卷逐题核对整理。与试卷排版同一卷面层级：Part/Section 标题与各节 Directions 照原卷排印——真实听力考卷只印选项，题干由录音念出。其下按录音篇目逐篇排印：每篇先给完整录音文字稿（逐段中译），再逐题给出卷面题目与该题解析（题目、翻译、答案、定位、信号、替换与排除）。
以下按录音篇目排印：每篇先给录音原文与逐段中译（考卷上没有，考试时录音只播一遍、卷面只印选项），再逐题给出卷面题目与解析。
W: Professor Henderson, could you give us a brief overview of what you do, where you work and your main area of research?
W：Henderson教授，您能简要介绍一下您的工作内容、工作单位以及主要研究领域吗？
M: Well, the Center for Climate Research where I work links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy. Some of our research is to do with the likely impacts of climate change and all of the associated risks.
M：嗯，我所在的气候研究中心将气候变化科学与经济和政策相关问题联系起来。我们的部分研究涉及气候变化可能带来的影响以及所有相关风险。
W: And how strong is the evidence that climate change is happening? That is really something we need to be worried about.
W：那么，有多充分的证据表明气候变化正在发生呢？这确实是我们需要担心的事情。
M: Well most of the science of climate change, particularly that to do with global warming, is simply fact. But other aspects of the science are less certain or at least more disputed. And so we're really talking about risk. What the economics tells us is that it's probably cheaper to avoid climate change—to avoid the risk—than it is to deal with the likely consequences.
M：嗯，气候变化的大部分科学认识，尤其是与全球变暖有关的内容，都是事实。但这门科学的其他方面则不那么确定，或者至少存在更多争议。因此，我们实际上谈论的是风险。经济学告诉我们，避免气候变化，也就是避免这种风险，可能比应对可能产生的后果更加便宜。
W: So what are we doing? What can we do about it?
W：那么我们正在做什么？我们能为此做些什么呢？
M: Well, I would argue that we need to develop the science specifically to understand the likely impacts of climate change in different contexts. As I said, we need to understand the best ways of avoiding climate change. And this will involve a huge transition to low-carbon energy systems. And the transition is a tremendous priority. And for this to happen, we may need action on a global scale. From a political perspective, we need to understand the terms on which major countries like China and the USA might sign up to a global agreement because at the moment we don't have that consensus.
M：嗯，我认为我们需要发展相关科学，具体了解气候变化在不同背景下可能产生的影响。正如我所说，我们需要了解避免气候变化的最佳方式。这将涉及向低碳能源系统进行一次巨大的转型，而这种转型是极其重要的优先事项。要实现这一点，我们可能需要在全球范围内采取行动。从政治角度来看，我们需要了解中国和美国这样的主要国家可能在什么条件下加入一项全球协议，因为目前我们还没有达成共识。
W: Right.
W：好的。
M: And we also need to plan ahead so that we are in a position to deal with the likely levels of climate change which are already inevitable, and even more so, too, for the levels that are likely if we don't get those global agreements.
M：我们还需要提前做好规划，以便能够应对那些已经不可避免的、可能出现的气候变化程度；更重要的是，如果我们无法达成这些全球协议，还要应对届时可能出现的更大程度的气候变化。
What does Professor Henderson say about his main area of research?
Henderson 教授关于他的主要研究领域说了什么?
- A) 它试图预测全球气候变化的可能趋势。
- B) 它研究全球气候变化对人们生活的影响。
- C) 它将气候变化科学与经济和政策问题联系起来。
- D) 它关注各国为应对全球变暖可以做出的努力。
The Center for Climate Research where I work links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy.
我工作的气候研究中心把气候变化的科学与围绕经济和政策的问题联系起来。
被问者对开场提问的直接应答。女士在第 1 段请教授概述其工作与研究，教授开口第一句 links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy 就是对该提问的正面应答，问"研究是什么"，答案必落在他自述研究内容的这句。
- links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policylinks the science of climate change to economic and policy issues近乎原句，仅词序与词形微调
- A)未提及A 的 predict the possible trends 在录音里没有对应——教授说的是"连接"科学与经济政策，并非"预测趋势"，属无中生有的拔高。
- B)原词陷阱录音第 2 段确有 the likely impacts of climate change，B 借走 impacts 拼成 impacts of global climate change on people's lives；但原文的 impacts 是研究的"附带内容之一"，且从未限定到 on people's lives，B 听到 impacts 就选会答非所问。
借用原文：the likely impacts of climate change and all of the associated risks
- D)张冠李戴efforts countries can make 借用了后文 action on a global scale 的"各国行动"概念，但那是教授谈"怎么办"时说的，并非他描述"研究领域"的内容，张冠李戴到本题。
借用原文：we may need action on a global scale
What does Professor Henderson say about climate change?
Henderson 教授关于气候变化说了什么?
- A) 要就其影响达成共识需要很长时间。
- B) 处理其后果的成本将高于避免它的成本。
- C) 这是所有国家面临的最紧迫问题。
- D) 它必然会在各国之间引发无休止的争端。
What the economics tells us is that it's probably cheaper to avoid climate change—to avoid the risk—than it is to deal with the likely consequences.
经济学告诉我们的是，避免气候变化（即避免风险）很可能比应对其可能的后果更划算。
比较结构 cheaper...than 给出结论。教授用 cheaper to avoid climate change... than it is to deal with the likely consequences 这一 cheaper...than 比较句下了核心判断，比较结构正是答案信号——它把"避免"和"应对"两种做法的代价摆出来对比。
- cheaper to avoid climate change... than it is to deal with the likely consequencesmore costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it比较方向对调＋反义词替换，等值
- A)原词陷阱录音末尾确有 we don't have that consensus，A 借 consensus 编成 a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact；但原文那处指的是"各国对全球协议尚无共识"，不是"对气候影响要很久才有共识"，听到 consensus 就选即落陷阱。
借用原文：at the moment we don't have that consensus
- C)过度推断the most pressing issue confronting all countries 用了最高级"最紧迫"，但教授全程只说气候变化是"风险"、避免更划算，从未把它定为"所有国家最紧迫的问题"，属拔高。
- D)过度推断录音第 4 段说部分科学 less certain or at least more disputed，D 借 disputed 推成 endless disputes among nations；但原文是"科学层面存在争议"，并非"国家间必然无尽争吵"，由词推断过头。
借用原文：other aspects of the science are less certain or at least more disputed
What does Professor Henderson say is a top priority in combating climate change?
Henderson 教授认为应对气候变化的首要任务是什么?
- A) 向低碳能源系统转型。
- B) 世界主要大国之间的合作。
- C) 签署一项全球协议。
- D) 提高人们的意识。
And this will involve a huge transition to low-carbon energy systems. And the transition is a tremendous priority.
这将涉及向低碳能源系统的巨大转型。而这一转型是一项极其重要的首要任务。
优先级标记 a tremendous priority。教授先抛出 transition to low-carbon energy systems，紧接着用 the transition is a tremendous priority 明确给它贴上"首要"标签——priority 这个词就是答案信号，它指认的措施才是被问的 top priority。
- a huge transition to low-carbon energy systemsThe transition to low-carbon energy systems近乎原词照搬，仅去掉修饰
- B)原词陷阱录音提到 major countries like China and the USA，B 借此编成 cooperation among world major powers；但原文说的是大国"签署全球协议"，并非笼统的"大国合作"，更未称之为首要任务。
借用原文：major countries like China and the USA might sign up to a global agreement
- C)原词陷阱原文确有 sign up to a global agreement，C 直接搬来 The signing of a global agreement；但被冠以 priority 的是"转型"，签协议只是从政治角度需要理解的条件，不是教授点名的首要任务，听到原词就选会错。
借用原文：major countries like China and the USA might sign up to a global agreement
- D)未提及The raising of people's awareness 在整段录音里没有任何对应表述，属凭"环保常识"自行补出的措施。
What does Professor Henderson advise us to do to better deal with climate change?
Henderson 教授建议我们如何更好地应对气候变化?
- A) 对其开展更多研究。
- B) 减少能源消耗。
- C) 提前做好规划。
- D) 采用新技术。
And we also need to plan ahead so that we are in a position to deal with the likely levels of climate change which are already inevitable.
我们还需要提前规划，以便能够应对那些已经不可避免的气候变化可能达到的程度。
建议句 we also need to + 动作。教授在收尾段用 we also need to plan ahead 这一 we need to 建议句给出最终的"更好应对"之道——need to 后面的动作 plan ahead 就是答案信号所在。
- we also need to plan aheadPlan well in advanceplan ahead 同义改写为 plan well in advance
- A)原词陷阱录音第 6 段有 develop the science、第 2 段有 research 字样，A 的 Carry out more research on it 借此而来；但"发展科学/研究"是教授谈"怎么避免"时说的，本题问"更好应对"，他给的建议是提前规划，A 答非所问。
借用原文：we need to develop the science specifically to understand the likely impacts
- B)偷换概念Cut down energy consumption 看似呼应 low-carbon energy systems，但原文谈的是能源系统"转型"，从未说要"削减能耗"，且这是第 3 题话题，并非本题的应对建议。
借用原文：a huge transition to low-carbon energy systems
- D)未提及Adopt new technology 在录音里没有对应——教授谈的是发展科学、能源转型、提前规划，从未说"采用新技术"，属常识补全。
W: I have many business English students. When I teach in the classroom, we often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success. And it's interesting that many of them mention the element of luck.
W: 我有很多商务英语学生。在课堂上教学时，我们经常最后会聊到成功之类的话题，以及哪些因素会带来成功。有意思的是，他们中很多人都会提到运气这个因素。
M: Right.
M: 对。
W: Luck is important to success. But since you've seen that fantastic video on the TED Talks website by Richard St. John, he doesn't mention luck at all.
W: 运气对成功很重要。但既然你看过 TED Talks 网站上 Richard St. John 那个精彩的视频，你会发现他完全没有提到运气。
M: Well, I'm a firm believer that people can make their own luck. I mean what people regard as luck, you can actually create, to a degree.
M: 嗯，我坚信人们可以创造自己的运气。我的意思是，人们所认为的运气，其实在一定程度上是可以自己创造的。
W: Sure. I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way.
W: 没错。我觉得，人们认为的很多所谓运气，取决于你如何应对来到你面前的机会。
M: Yes. Very good point.
M: 是的，说得非常好。
W: Seizing the opportunities. But was there any point in the video that you thought was particularly interesting?
W: 抓住机会。不过，视频中有没有哪一点让你觉得特别有意思？
M: Yes. Actually there was. Something very impressive to me is many people think that luck is important and that natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful. And in the video we saw, the point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent. It's all about practice, practice, practice.
M: 有，确实有一点。让我印象非常深刻的是，很多人认为运气很重要，而且认为要想成功，就必须具备天赋。而我们在视频中看到，想要把某件事做好，并不在于你有没有什么天赋，而全在于练习、练习、再练习。
W: Definitely yeah. Natural talent helps in some way but at the end of the day you really do need to work hard and get really, really good at what you do.
W: 当然是的。天赋在某种程度上会有所帮助，但归根结底，你确实需要努力，并且把自己所做的事情做得非常、非常好。
M: Sure.
M: 没错。
W: I thought one interesting thing in the video was the idea of passion being so important. And there're people who really love what they do—of course, you're going to want to work harder and put the time and effort into it. And the funny thing is that if you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard, the money kind of comes automatically.
W: 我觉得视频中有一个有意思的观点，就是激情非常重要。有些人真的很喜欢自己所做的事情——当然，你会想要更加努力，并投入时间和精力。 有趣的是，如果你热爱自己所做的事情，对它充满激情，并且非常努力地工作，钱往往也会自然而然地来。
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
说话者主要在讨论什么?
- A) 运气何时发挥作用。
- B) 什么决定成功。
- C) 熟能生巧是否成立。
- D) 天赋有多重要。
We often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success.
我们常常聊着聊着就谈到成功、以及是什么带来成功这类话题。
开头点题句。对话第一段女士就抛出 talking about things like success and what leads to success，这是开篇点题句；主旨题答案多在开头这种"奠定话题"的句子里，后面全程都在围着它展开。
- what leads to successWhat determines successleads to = determines
- A)原词陷阱录音确实念到 Luck is important to success，让人想选 When luck plays a role.；但运气只是"成功要素"里被讨论的一个侧面，不是整段主题，以偏概全。
借用原文：Luck is important to success
- C)原词陷阱录音后段反复说 It's all about practice, practice, practice，诱人选 Whether practice makes perfect.；但练习只是讨论"成功要素"时谈到的一环，且对话并非在辩论"练习是否使人完美"，范围对不上主旨。
借用原文：It's all about practice, practice, practice
- D)原词陷阱录音谈到 natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful，让人想选 How important natural talent is.；但天赋同样只是被讨论的一个要素，不能代表整段"成功由什么决定"的全貌。
借用原文：natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful
What is the woman's view of luck?
女士对运气的看法是什么?
- A) 运气只是偶尔敲一次你的门。
- B) 运气是任何人都不可能创造的东西。
- C) 运气源于一个人的自信。
- D) 运气意味着善于抓住机会。
I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way.
我认为，人们所谓的运气，很大程度上取决于你如何回应向你迎面而来的机会。
I think 表态句。女士用 I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities 亮明自己观点，I think 是观点题的标准信号；态度题就抓"那个人"亲口 I think / I believe 的那句。
- how you respond to the opportunities that come your waybeing good at seizing opportunities积极回应机会=会抓机会
- A)未提及It knocks at your door only once in a while. 听着像"运气可遇不可求"的常识，但女士全程没说运气"偶尔才来"，她说的是"运气取决于你怎么回应机会"，这是拿常识硬套、原文没说。
- B)与原文相反It is something that no one can possibly create. 说"运气没人能创造"；可录音里说 create 的是男士 people can make their own luck，且他认为运气"可以"创造，选项却说"没人能"——既张冠李戴又反了意。
借用原文：people can make their own luck
- C)未提及It comes naturally out of one's self-confidence. 把运气说成"源于自信"，但 self-confidence 在录音里根本没出现，女士谈的是"回应机会"不是"自信"，纯属无中生有。
What is the chief point the TED Talks video makes?
TED演讲视频的主要观点是什么?
- A) 运气很少对一个人的成功有贡献。
- B) 一个人必须有天赋才能成功。
- C) 一个人应该随时准备抓住机会。
- D) 练习对于精通某件事是必不可少的。
The point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent. It's all about practice, practice, practice.
关于把一件事做好，重点不在于拥有什么天赋，而完全在于练习、练习、再练习。
not…but 转折加重复。录音用 not about having some natural talent. It's all about practice, practice, practice 这个"否定天赋、强调练习"的转折结构，又把 practice 连说三遍加重语气；转折后 + 重复强调，正是答案落点。
- It's all about practice, practice, practicePractice is essential to becoming good at something全靠练习=练习必不可少
- A)与原文相反Luck rarely contributes to a person's success. 里 rarely（几乎不）极端化了；录音里女士还说 Luck is important to success，并未否定运气，更没说视频持"运气几乎无用"的论点，程度与出处都不符。
借用原文：Luck is important to success
- B)原词陷阱One must have natural talent to be successful. 借用了录音原词 natural talent，但视频的论点恰恰是 not about having some natural talent——否定"必须有天赋"；选项取了被否定的那半，正好说反。
借用原文：not about having some natural talent
- C)张冠李戴One should always be ready to seize opportunities. 对应的是女士第5段 how you respond to the opportunities 的观点，而本题问的是"视频的论点"；抓机会是女士谈运气时说的，不是视频提出的，张冠李戴。
借用原文：how you respond to the opportunities that come your way
What does the woman think is the funny thing in the TED Talks video?
女士认为TED演讲视频中有趣的地方是什么?
- A) 在有趣的事情上投入时间和精力是有益的。
- B) 热爱自己工作的人不太在乎金钱。
- C) 对工作充满热情可以使人富有。
- D) 需要钱的人会自动努力工作。
If you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard, the money kind of comes automatically.
如果你热爱自己所做的事、对它充满热情并且非常努力地工作，钱财就会自然而然地随之而来。
the funny thing 强调句。女士先说 the funny thing is that 引出要点，随后 if you love what you do…work really hard, the money kind of comes automatically 给出那件趣事；funny thing is that 是明确的强调信号，紧跟其后的就是答案句。
- if you love what you do…the money kind of comes automaticallyBeing passionate about work can make one wealthy热爱→钱自来=热情使人富
- A)偷换概念Putting time and effort into fun things is profitable. 把录音的"热爱所做的工作"换成了 fun things（好玩的事），还把"钱自然来"换成 profitable；录音说的是 love what you do（热爱你做的事）不是"做好玩的事"，概念被悄悄换掉。
借用原文：put the time and effort into it
- B)原词陷阱People who love what they do care little about money. 借用录音原词 love what they do，却生造出"不在乎钱"；录音说的是"钱会自然来"，根本没说"不在乎钱"，是凭这个原词钩子无中生有。
借用原文：there're people who really love what they do
- D)与原文相反People in need of money work hard automatically. 把因果说成"缺钱→努力"，而录音是"热爱努力→钱自来"，方向正好相反；它还盗用了原词 automatically 来增加迷惑。
借用原文：the money kind of comes automatically
Devils Tower, the first national monument in America, could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree. Its sheer rock sides sweep up from a broad base until they cut off abruptly at the flat summit. Rising more than 1,000 feet in the middle of the gently rolling plains of Wyoming, the massive column of rock looks as though it was dropped down into this location from a different time and place.
魔鬼塔是美国第一座国家纪念碑，几乎可以被误认为是一棵巨大树木的树桩。它陡峭的岩壁从宽阔的基部向上延伸，直到在平坦的顶部突然截断。这根巨大的岩柱耸立在怀俄明州起伏平缓的平原中央，高逾一千英尺，看起来仿佛是从另一个时代、另一个地方被投落到这里的。
In a sense it was. Devils Tower is a relic of the past, when the molten rock of the earth's core forced its way to the surface to form the throat of a volcano. As the centuries passed, the rock cooled and hardened, shrinking and cracking into long columns. Born in fire and fury, Devils Tower was then shaped by the slow, gentle work of wind and water. The outer layers of the volcano were worn away, until the hard core stood completely exposed.
从某种意义上说，确实如此。魔鬼塔是过去的遗迹，那时地球内部的熔融岩石冲出地表，形成了一座火山的火山颈。几个世纪过去，岩石逐渐冷却并变硬，在收缩和开裂后形成了长长的柱体。魔鬼塔诞生于烈焰与狂暴之中，随后又经过风和水缓慢而轻柔的作用塑造而成。火山的外层逐渐被侵蚀，直到坚硬的核心完全裸露出来。
Small wonder that an Indian legend described Devils Tower as being formed by supernatural powers. The legend says that when seven girls were attacked by bears, they took refuge on top of a small rock, and they appealed to the Rock God for help. The god caused the rock to grow and to lift the girls far above the ground, while its sides were scored by the claws of the angry bears. Even today, says the legend, the girls can be seen above the towering rock, as seven shining stars in the night sky.
难怪有一则印第安传说称，魔鬼塔是由超自然力量形成的。传说中，七个女孩遭到熊的袭击时，躲到了一个小岩石的顶部，并向岩石之神求助。岩石之神使岩石不断长高，将女孩们托到远离地面的高处，而愤怒的熊则用利爪在岩石侧面留下了道道抓痕。传说还说，直到今天，仍能在高耸的岩石上方看到那些女孩，她们化作了夜空中七颗闪耀的星星。
What does Devils Tower look like?
Devils Tower 看起来像什么?
- A) 一棵巨树的树桩。
- B) 一块巨大的岩石。
- C) 一座山的山峰。
- D) 一座高耸的烟囱。
Devils Tower, the first national monument in America, could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree.
魔鬼塔，美国第一座国家纪念碑，几乎会被错看成一棵巨树的树桩。
“被错看成”即外形比喻信号。could almost be mistaken for（几乎会被错看成）是一个明确的“像什么”信号词，听到它后面紧跟的那个比喻对象，就是本题答案落点。
- the stump of an enormous treeThe stump of a giant tree.enormous = giant 近义替换
- B)原词陷阱录音确实多处出现 rock（如 the massive column of rock），B 的 A huge piece of rock. 盗用了这个原词诱你“听到 rock 就选”；但题目问“看上去像什么”，原文给的比喻是“树桩”而非“一块巨石”，rock 只是它的材质而非它“像”的东西。
借用原文：the massive column of rock
- C)偷换概念原文提到它矗立在平原之上、有 flat summit（平顶），让人联想到山，C 的 The peak of a mountain. 借“山峰/顶”的语境诱选；但原文从未说它“像一座山峰”，比喻对象明确是“树桩”。
借用原文：the flat summit
- D)未提及A tall chimney.（高烟囱）这一比喻在原文中根本没有出现，纯属编造，虽然柱状高耸的形状会让人觉得“也挺像”，但听力以原文说了什么为准。
What caused the volcano's outer layers to wear away?
是什么导致火山的外层被侵蚀掉?
- A) 人类活动。
- B) 风和水。
- C) 化学过程。
- D) 烈火与狂怒。
Born in fire and fury, Devils Tower was then shaped by the slow, gentle work of wind and water. The outer layers of the volcano were worn away, until the hard core stood completely exposed.
魔鬼塔生于烈火与狂暴之中，随后被风与水缓慢而轻柔的作用所塑造。火山的外层逐渐被磨蚀殆尽，直到坚硬的内核完全裸露出来。
shaped by + worn away 的施动者。shaped by the slow, gentle work of wind and water 里的 shaped by 点出真正的施动力量；紧接着 The outer layers of the volcano were worn away 用被动语态说外层被磨蚀——“被…塑造/被磨蚀”的施动者就是答案信号。
- wind and waterWind and water.原词直接对应
- A)未提及Human activity.（人类活动）在原文里完全没有提到，魔鬼塔的塑造全是自然力量；这一项靠常识里“景观破坏常与人类有关”的联想骗选。
- C)偷换概念原文讲 the rock cooled and hardened（岩石冷却硬化）涉及物理变化，C 的 Chemical processes.（化学过程）借“岩石变化”语境偷换成“化学过程”；但磨蚀外层的是风与水的物理作用，非化学过程。
借用原文：the rock cooled and hardened
- D)原词陷阱录音里 Born in fire and fury 确有 fire and fury 一词，D 的 Fire and fury. 原样盗用，诱你“听到就选”；但“烈火与狂暴”说的是它“诞生（born in）”时的力量，问的却是“外层被磨蚀”的原因，张冠李戴、答非所问。
借用原文：Born in fire and fury
What does an Indian legend say about Devils Tower?
印第安传说对 Devils Tower 有何说法?
- A) 它是一座历史纪念碑。
- B) 它建于古代。
- C) 它是印第安人崇拜的圣地。
- D) 它是由超自然力量创造的。
Small wonder that an Indian legend described Devils Tower as being formed by supernatural powers.
难怪一则印第安传说把魔鬼塔描述为由超自然力量所形成。
legend described…as 引出传说界定。an Indian legend described Devils Tower as being formed by supernatural powers 里的 legend described…as（传说把它描述为…）是明确的“传说怎么说”信号，as 后面的内容就是传说的界定，即答案落点。
- being formed by supernatural powersIt was created by supernatural powers.formed = created 近义、被动同构
- A)原词陷阱录音开头说它是 the first national monument in America，A 的 It is a historical monument. 盗用 monument 一词诱选；但 monument 是“国家纪念地”的官方身份，题目问的是“传说怎么说”，传说讲的是超自然力量，不是“历史纪念碑”。
借用原文：the first national monument in America
- B)与原文相反It was built in ancient times.（古时人工建造）与传说“由超自然力量形成”相反——传说强调的恰是“非人力所及”，built（人建）正好反了向；它借“ancient/古老”的氛围诱选。
借用原文：being formed by supernatural powers
- C)原词陷阱录音多次出现 Indian（如 an Indian legend），C 的 It is Indians' sacred place for worship. 盗用 Indian 诱选；但原文只说“印第安传说”提到它，从未说它是印第安人“供奉/朝拜的圣地”，sacred place for worship 属编造。
借用原文：an Indian legend
How did the Rock God help the seven girls in the Indian legend?
在印第安传说中,岩石之神如何帮助那七个女孩?
- A) 在洞穴中庇护她们。
- B) 杀死袭击的熊。
- C) 把她们举到远离地面的高处。
- D) 把她们带到山顶。
The god caused the rock to grow and to lift the girls far above the ground, while its sides were scored by the claws of the angry bears.
岩神让岩石长高，把女孩们高高托到地面之上，而岩石的侧面则被愤怒的熊用爪子抓出道道划痕。
caused the rock to…lift 的施救动作。The god caused the rock to grow and to lift the girls far above the ground 直接说出岩神所做的事——让岩石长高、把女孩托离地面，这句“岩神 + 动作”就是 How 题的答案落点。
- lift the girls far above the groundBy lifting them well above the ground.lift…far/well above the ground 近义替换
- A)未提及By sheltering them in a cave.（把她们藏进山洞）在原文里没有出现，岩神是“让岩石长高托起她们”而非“藏入山洞”；这项靠“躲避熊”的常识联想骗选。
- B)张冠李戴录音里确有 the claws of the angry bears（愤怒的熊的爪子），B 的 By killing the attacking bears. 盗用 bears 诱选；但原文是“熊用爪子抓岩石侧面”，岩神并没有“杀熊”，把不存在的动作安到岩神头上，张冠李戴。
借用原文：the claws of the angry bears
- D)偷换概念原文是让岩石长高、把女孩 lift the girls far above the ground（托到地面之上），D 的 By taking them to the top of a mountain. 把它偷换成“带到山顶”；岩神是“就地把岩石升高”而非“带她们去某座山顶”，似是而非。
借用原文：lift the girls far above the ground
It's no accident that most gas stations have convenience stores attached. Few of us can fill up the tank without buying a few snacks, cigarettes, soft drinks or other items we can live without. "I deserve it." That's what hard-working men and women say to justify their lavish vacations, big stereo systems or regular restaurant meals. They do deserve such indulgences. However, they also deserve a home of their own, a secure retirement and freedom from worrying about unpaid bills.
大多数加油站都附设便利店，这绝非偶然。我们很少有人能在加满油箱的同时不买几样零食、香烟、软饮料或其他没有也能过得去的东西。“这是我应得的。”辛勤工作的男男女女就是这样为自己奢华的度假、大型音响设备或经常下馆子寻找正当理由。他们确实应当享受这些 indulgence。然而，他们也应当拥有属于自己的住房、安稳的退休生活，以及不必为未付账单忧心忡忡的自由。
No one should have to live with what a Texas mother described as constant stress, tension, even fear about money. Sadly, the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills do. The video camera that one single mother bought for a special occasion, for example, is not much fun now. She's figured out that it will take her another three years to pay it off at $30 a month. And the New Yorkers who spent a bundle on an outdoor hot tub now admit they rarely use it, "because we can't afford to heat it in winter." The solution—set priorities, add up the annual cost of each item, then consider what else she could buy with the same money. That will help you decide which items are really worth it. One Chicago woman, for example, discovered that daily lunches with coworkers cost her $2000 a year; she decided to take lunch to work instead. "I now put $20 a week into my vacation fund and another 20 into retirement savings," she says. "Those mean more to me than lunch."
没有人应该像一位得克萨斯州母亲所描述的那样，生活在对金钱持续不断的压力、紧张甚至恐惧之中。令人遗憾的是，奢侈消费带来的快乐往往早在账单还清之前就消失了。例如，一位单身母亲为某个特殊场合买摄像机，如今已经觉得它没什么乐趣了。她算过，若每月支付30美元，还要再过三年才能还清。还有几位纽约人花了一大笔钱买了户外热水浴缸，如今也承认自己很少使用，因为“我们负担不起冬天给它加热的费用”。解决办法是设定优先顺序，算出每件物品的年度费用，然后考虑用同样的钱还能买些什么。这会帮助你决定哪些东西真正值得购买。例如，一位芝加哥女士发现，天天和同事一起吃午餐每年要花掉她2000美元，于是她决定改为带午餐去上班。“现在，我每周把20美元存入度假基金，再把另外20美元存入退休储蓄，”她说，“这两件事对我来说比午餐更重要。”
What does the speaker say about drivers who stop at gas stations?
说话者关于在加油站停车的司机说了什么?
- A) 他们会从便利店买些东西。
- B) 他们会利用这段时间休息一会儿。
- C) 他们会让人洗车或保养车辆。
- D) 他们会挑选一些纪念品或礼品。
Few of us can fill up the tank without buying a few snacks, cigarettes, soft drinks or other items we can live without.
我们当中很少有人能在加油时不顺手买点零食、香烟、软饮料或其他可有可无的东西。
双重否定 Few…without 即“几乎都会买”。信号是这句的双重否定结构 Few of us can fill up the tank without buying：few（很少有人能）+ without buying（不买）两个否定叠加，实际等于“几乎人人都会买点东西”，这正是对司机行为的正面回答。
- buying a few snacks, cigarettes, soft drinks or other itemsbuy something from the convenience stores罗列具体商品概括为 something
- B)选项 take advantage of the time to rest a while 说司机利用时间休息，但录音通篇只讲加油时“买东西”，从未提及休息，属凭常识脑补、原文未提及。
- C)选项 have their vehicles washed or serviced（洗车、做保养）借“加油站”让人自然联想到的配套服务来诱选，但录音只字未提洗车或保养，是借场景联想编出来的未提及项。
- D)选项 pick up some souvenirs or gift items（买纪念品或礼品）与录音所列的 snacks、cigarettes、soft drinks 完全不同类，录音也没提纪念品，属无中生有。
What does the speaker say about extravagances?
说话者关于奢侈消费说了什么?
- A) 它们只能带来短暂的快乐。
- B) 它们是为极其富有的人准备的。
- C) 应该彻底摒弃它们。
- D) 它们最终可能会使人破产。
Sadly, the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills do.
遗憾的是，奢侈消费带来的快乐往往在账单还没还清之前就早早消失了。
评价词 Sadly + 主语 pleasure…disappears。信号是句首带态度的副词 Sadly（遗憾地）加上正面评价奢侈消费的主句 the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears，这正是说话人对 extravagances 的定性句。
- the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills dobring only temporary pleasures快乐很快消失=只带短暂快乐
- B)与原文相反选项 meant for the extremely wealthy 说奢侈只为极富者，但录音明说 hard-working men and women 这些普通辛劳者也会奢侈消费，与“只给富人”相反。
借用原文：hard-working men and women
- C)选项 done away with altogether（应彻底取消）把话说过头，录音恰恰承认 They do deserve such indulgences（他们确实配享受这些），只是提醒别忘了更重要的东西，并没主张取消，属过度推断、与原文相反。
借用原文：They do deserve such indulgences
- D)选项 drive one to bankruptcy 借预读就警惕过的极端词 bankruptcy 诱选，但录音只说快乐消失、账单难还（constant stress, tension, even fear about money），从未说会导致破产，是把后果夸大、过度推断。
借用原文：constant stress, tension, even fear about money
What does the speaker want to show by the example of the Chicago woman?
说话者想通过芝加哥女性的例子说明什么?
- A) 社交的好方法是每天与同事共进午餐。
- B) 退休储蓄应该是家庭预算的首要考虑。
- C) 如果每周存20美元,度假就能负担得起。
- D) 每天小额储蓄能对人的生活产生很大影响。
One Chicago woman, for example, discovered that daily lunches with coworkers cost her $2000 a year; she decided to take lunch to work instead. "I now put $20 a week into my vacation fund and another 20 into retirement savings."
比如一位芝加哥女士发现每天和同事在外吃午饭一年要花她两千美元，于是改成自己带饭；她说“现在我每周往度假基金里存二十美元，再往退休储蓄里存二十美元。”
for example 引例，例后承接全段主旨。信号是 for example 标明这是个例子，而它紧跟在全段主旨句 The solution—set priorities, add up the annual cost of each item 之后，是为印证“算清每项开销、攒小钱”这一主张而举，故例子意图要回到该主旨。
- daily lunches with coworkers cost her $2000 a yearSmall daily savings每天省小钱累成一年大数
- put $20 a week into my vacation fund and another 20 into retirement savingsmake a big difference in one's life攒成度假与退休金即大不同
- A)原词陷阱选项 have daily lunch with one's colleagues 把录音原词 daily lunches with coworkers 直接搬来诱选，但她恰恰是“不再天天一起吃、改带饭”，选项却说成是好的社交方式，与原文相反。
借用原文：daily lunches with coworkers
- B)原词陷阱选项 Retirement savings should come first 借录音原词 retirement savings 诱选，但例子只是把省下的钱同时投入度假与退休两处，并未说退休储蓄要“排第一”，属答非所问、过度推断。
借用原文：retirement savings
- C)选项 saves 20 dollars a week 抓住录音数字 $20 a week 诱选，但录音是说她每周往度假基金存 20、往退休存 20，并非“每周省 20 就能负担一次度假”这种因果，属偷换概念、张冠李戴。
借用原文：$20 a week into my vacation fund
Let's say you start to brainstorm a list of all the emotions you've ever experienced. Just for fun, try it now.
假设你开始头脑风暴，列出你曾经体验过的所有情绪。为了好玩，现在就试试看吧。
What's on your list? Chances are, you included things like happy, sad, excited, angry, afraid, grateful, proud, scared, confused, stressed, relaxed and amazed.
你的清单上有哪些情绪？很有可能，你列出了快乐、悲伤、兴奋、愤怒、害怕、感激、自豪、恐惧、困惑、压力、放松和惊叹等情绪。
Now sort your list into two categories — positive emotions and negative emotions. Feeling both positive and negative emotions is a natural part of being human. We might use the word "negative" to describe more difficult emotions, but it doesn't mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn't have them. Still, most people would probably rather feel a positive emotion than a negative one. It's likely you'd prefer to feel happy instead of sad, or confident instead of insecure. What matters is how our emotions are balanced—how much of each type of emotion, positive or negative, we experience.
现在把你的清单分成两类——积极情绪和消极情绪。体验积极和消极情绪都是人类生活中自然的一部分。我们可能会用“消极”这个词来描述那些更难以应对的情绪，但这并不意味着这些情绪不好，或者我们不应该有这些情绪。不过，大多数人可能还是更愿意感受积极情绪，而不是消极情绪。你可能更希望感到快乐，而不是悲伤；更希望感到自信，而不是缺乏安全感。重要的是我们的情绪如何保持平衡——我们体验的积极或消极情绪各有多少。
Negative emotions warn us of threats or challenges that we may need to deal with. For example, fear can alert us to possible danger. It's a signal that we might need to protect ourselves. Angry feelings warn us that someone is stepping on our toes, crossing a boundary, or violating our trust. Anger can be a signal that we might need to act on our own behalf.
消极情绪会提醒我们注意可能需要应对的威胁或挑战。例如，恐惧可以让我们意识到潜在的危险。它发出信号，表明我们可能需要保护自己。愤怒的情绪会提醒我们，有人正在侵犯我们的界限、越过分寸，或辜负我们的信任。愤怒可能是在发出信号，表明我们需要为自己采取行动。
Negative emotions focus our awareness. They help us to zero in on a problem so we can deal with it. But too many negative emotions can make us feel overwhelmed, anxious, exhausted or stressed out. When negative emotions are out of balance, problems might seem too big to handle. The more we dwell on negative emotions, the more negative we begin to feel. Focusing on negativity just keeps it going.
消极情绪会集中我们的注意力。它们帮助我们聚焦于问题，以便处理问题。但过多的消极情绪会让我们感到不堪重负、焦虑、疲惫或压力过大。当消极情绪失去平衡时，问题可能会显得大到难以应对。我们越是沉溺于消极情绪，就越会开始感到消极。专注于负面情绪只会让这种状态持续下去。
Positive emotions balance out negative ones, but they have other powerful benefits, too. Instead of narrowing our focus like negative emotions do, positive emotions affect our brains in ways that increase our awareness, attention and memory. They help us take in more information, hold several ideas in mind at once, and understand how different ideas relate to each other. When positive emotions open us up to new possibilities, we are more able to learn and build on our skills. That leads to doing better on tasks and tests. People who have plenty of positive emotions in their everyday lives tend to be happier, healthier, learn better, and get along well with others.
积极情绪能够平衡消极情绪，但它们还有其他强大的益处。消极情绪会缩小我们的关注范围，而积极情绪则会以某些方式影响大脑，从而增强我们的意识、注意力和记忆力。它们帮助我们获取更多信息，同时在头脑中容纳多个想法，并理解不同想法之间的联系。当积极情绪让我们敞开心扉，接受新的可能性时，我们就更有能力学习并提升自己的技能。这会让我们在完成任务和应对测试时表现得更好。日常生活中拥有大量积极情绪的人往往更加快乐、更加健康，学习效果更好，也能与他人相处融洽。
What does the speaker say about negative emotions?
说话者关于消极情绪说了什么?
- A) 应该消除它们。
- B) 它们在我们的生活中是必要的。
- C) 它们丰富了我们的体验。
- D) 它们对健康有害。
Feeling both positive and negative emotions is a natural part of being human. We might use the word "negative" to describe more difficult emotions, but it doesn't mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn't have them.
同时体验正面和负面情绪是人之常情。我们也许会用“负面”一词来形容那些更难受的情绪，但这并不意味着这些情绪是坏的、或我们不该有它们。
转折 but 之后的纠偏表态。答案落在转折词之后：but it doesn't mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn't have them，说话人先承认“负面”这个叫法，转折后立刻纠正“不代表它坏、不代表不该有”，这句纠偏表态才是对负面情绪的真正定性。
- it doesn't mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn't have themThey are necessary in our lives.双重否定转正：不该没有=有必要
- Negative emotions warn us of threats or challenges that we may need to deal withThey are necessary in our lives.具体功能上升为总体定性
- A)与原文相反They should be done away with. 的“该废除”正好是录音 we shouldn't have them（不该没有它们）的反面，方向相反；说话人是为负面情绪正名，A 取了相反极性。
借用原文：it doesn't mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn't have them
- C)未提及They enrich our experience. 说负面情绪“丰富我们的体验”，听上去正面、像对的，但录音对负面情绪的说法是“预警、聚焦问题”，从未说它 enrich our experience，属无中生有。
- D)与原文相反They are harmful to health. 把负面情绪定性为“有害健康”，而录音明确 it doesn't mean those emotions are bad（不是坏的），还讲它有预警作用；D 取的是被说话人否定掉的负面定性。
借用原文：it doesn't mean those emotions are bad
What happens to people whose negative emotions are out of balance?
消极情绪失衡的人会怎样?
- A) 即使生活中没有任何挑战,他们也感到压力很大。
- B) 他们感到太不知所措而无法应对生活中的问题。
- C) 他们急于让自己摆脱生活的烦恼。
- D) 即使没有做任何重活,他们也筋疲力尽。
But too many negative emotions can make us feel overwhelmed, anxious, exhausted or stressed out. When negative emotions are out of balance, problems might seem too big to handle.
但是过多的负面情绪会让我们感到不堪重负、焦虑、疲惫或压力山大。当负面情绪失衡时，问题可能显得大到无法应付。
条件词 When 直接复现题干前提。答案句以 When negative emotions are out of balance 开头，与题干前提一字不差对应，紧随其后的 problems might seem too big to handle 就是该条件下的结果，定位信号极明确。
- problems might seem too big to handleThey feel too overwhelmed to deal with life's problems.视角转换：问题太大=人招架不住
- too many negative emotions can make us feel overwhelmedtoo overwhelmed原文 overwhelmed 直接对应选项 overwhelmed
- A)原词陷阱stressed out 盗用了录音里真实出现的 stressed out，听到会想选；但 A 加的前提 even without any challenges in life（连挑战都没有也会）录音从未说，录音讲的是负面情绪“过多 / 失衡”才如此，前提被偷换。
借用原文：overwhelmed, anxious, exhausted or stressed out
- C)偷换概念They are anxious to free themselves from life's troubles. 说人“急于摆脱生活烦恼”，录音里 anxious 是“焦虑”的感受 anxious，并非“急切想做某事”，且“摆脱烦恼”这层意思录音根本没讲，属偷换概念加无中生有。
借用原文：overwhelmed, anxious, exhausted or stressed out
- D)原词陷阱exhausted 也盗用了录音的 exhausted，但 D 的前提 even without doing any heavy work（没干重活也累）录音没说，录音的因是负面情绪失衡而非体力活，前提被偷换。
借用原文：overwhelmed, anxious, exhausted or stressed out
How do positive emotions affect us?
积极情绪如何影响我们?
- A) 它们拓展我们的思维。
- B) 它们延长我们的生命。
- C) 它们缩小我们的关注范围。
- D) 它们减轻我们的负担。
Instead of narrowing our focus like negative emotions do, positive emotions affect our brains in ways that increase our awareness, attention and memory.
正面情绪不像负面情绪那样收窄我们的注意力，而是以增进我们的觉察力、注意力和记忆力的方式影响大脑。
对比信号 Instead of 划清正负作用。答案句以 Instead of narrowing our focus like negative emotions do 开头，用对比把“收窄”归给负面情绪，再说正面情绪 increase our awareness, attention and memory，对比信号直接点出正面情绪的作用方向。
- increase our awareness, attention and memoryThey expand our mind.增进多项心智能力=拓宽心智
- help us take in more information, hold several ideas in mind at onceThey expand our mind.容纳更多信息与想法=心智被拓宽
- B)过度推断They prolong our lives. 说正面情绪“延长寿命”，录音在此处只说它增进心智、并提到使人 healthier（更健康），但从未说“延长寿命”，把“更健康”拔高成“延寿”属过度推断。
借用原文：happier, healthier, learn better, and get along well with others
- C)张冠李戴They narrow our focus. 盗用了录音原词 narrowing our focus，听到会很想选；但录音用 Instead of 明确这是“负面情绪”做的事，正面情绪恰恰相反，C 把负面情绪的作用安到了正面情绪头上。
借用原文：Instead of narrowing our focus like negative emotions do
- D)未提及They lessen our burdens. 说正面情绪“减轻负担”，录音讲的是增进心智、容纳更多信息、表现更好，从未提到 lessen burdens，属无中生有。
In the past few months, I've been traveling for weeks at a time with only one suitcase of clothes. One day, I was invited to an important event, and I wanted to wear something special for it. I looked through my suitcase but couldn't find anything to wear. I was lucky to be at the technology conference then, and I had access to 3D printers. So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer, and I loaded the file on the printer. It just printed the pieces overnight. The next morning, I just took all the pieces, assembled them together in my hotel room, and this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now.
过去几个月里，我一次连续旅行数周，身边只有一只装着衣服的行李箱。一天，我受邀参加一个重要活动，想穿一件特别的衣服出席。我翻遍了行李箱，却找不到任何合适的衣服。幸运的是，当时我正在参加一场科技会议，可以使用3D打印机。于是，我很快在电脑上设计了一条裙子，并将文件加载到打印机中。打印机只用了一夜就把各个部件打印出来了。第二天早上，我把所有部件带走，在酒店房间里将它们组装起来，而这实际上就是我现在穿的这条裙子。
So it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes. For my senior collection at fashion design school, I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home. The problem was that I barely knew anything about 3D printing, and I had only nine months to figure out how to print five fashionable looks.
所以，那并不是我第一次打印衣服。在时装设计学校完成毕业作品系列时，我决定尝试在家里用3D打印出一整套时装系列。问题是，我对3D打印几乎一无所知，而我只有九个月的时间来弄清楚如何打印出五套时尚造型。
I always felt most creative when I worked from home. I loved experimenting with new materials, and I always tried to develop new techniques to make the most unique textiles for my fashion projects.
我一直觉得自己在家工作时最有创造力。我喜欢尝试新材料，也总是努力开发新技术，为我的时装项目制作最独特的纺织品。
One summer break, I came here to New York for an internship at a fashion house in Chinatown. We worked on two incredible dresses that were 3D printed. They were amazing—like you can see here. But I had a few problems with them. They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable. The models couldn't sit in them, and they even got scratched from the plastics under their arms.
有一年暑假，我来到纽约，在唐人街的一家时装公司实习。我们制作了两条用3D打印出来的惊艳礼服。它们非常漂亮，就像你在这里看到的这样。但它们也给我带来了一些问题。它们由坚硬的塑料制成，因此非常容易破损。模特们无法穿着它们坐下，甚至连腋下的塑料都把她们的皮肤划伤了。
So now, the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with, I mean the material you feed the printer with.
所以，当时主要的挑战就是找到适合用来打印衣服的材料，也就是装入打印机的那种材料。
The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex, which is a new kind of printing material. It's strong, yet very flexible. And with it, I was able to print the first garment, a red jacket that had the word "freedom" embedded into it. And actually, you can easily download this jacket, and change the word to something else. For example, your name or your sweetheart's name.
当有人向我介绍Filaflex时，突破出现了。那是一种新型的打印材料，既坚固又非常柔韧。有了它，我成功打印出了第一件衣服，那是一件红色夹克，上面嵌入了“自由”这个词。实际上，你可以轻松下载这件夹克的设计，并把这个词改成别的词。例如，改成你的名字，或者你心爱之人的名字。
So I think in the future, materials will evolve, and they will look and feel like fabrics we know today, like cotton or silk.
所以，我认为未来材料会不断发展，外观和触感都会像我们今天熟悉的面料一样，比如棉或丝绸。
What does the speaker say about the skirt she is wearing now?
说话者对她现在穿的裙子是怎么说的?
- A) 它不容易破损。
- B) 它来自3D打印机。
- C) 它代表了最新款式。
- D) 它是由时装设计师制作的。
I had access to 3D printers. So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer, and I loaded the file on the printer. It just printed the pieces overnight... this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now.
我当时能用到 3D 打印机。于是我很快在电脑上设计了一条裙子，把文件传到打印机上。它连夜就把各个部件打印了出来……这就是我现在身上穿的这条裙子。
原物回指 the skirt…right now 锁定答案句。答案句靠"题干指的那件物"在原文的回指来锁定：原文末句 this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now 与题干 the skirt she is wearing now 完全是同一件，往前看就知道它由 3D printers 打印而来。
- It just printed the pieces overnightIt came from a 3D printer."打印机连夜打印"="来自 3D 打印机"
- A)张冠李戴not easily breakable 借用了原文后面第4段讲"硬塑料很易碎"的 breakable 这一概念，但那是说纽约时装屋那两条裙子的材料问题，不是说她现在穿的这条裙子；把别处的属性安到本物上，张冠李戴。
借用原文：they were very breakable
- C)未提及represents the latest style 说这条裙子代表最新潮流，原文对这条裙子只讲了"3D 打印、连夜打印、组装"，从没说它是"最新风格"，属于无中生有。
- D)答非所问made by a fashion designer 利用了原文 I quickly designed a skirt"我设计"这一动作来诱选，但题干问的是裙子"怎么来的"，答案落在"3D 打印机打印"这一制造方式上；说"由时装设计师做的"绕开了"打印"这个关键，答非所问。
借用原文：I quickly designed a skirt on my computer
When did the speaker start experimenting with 3D printing?
说话者是什么时候开始尝试3D打印的?
- A) 当她刚从大学毕业时。
- B) 当她在纽约参加一个会议时。
- C) 当她在时装设计学校学习时。
- D) 当她在九个月前参加一场时装秀时。
So it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes. For my senior collection at fashion design school, I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home.
这并不是我第一次打印衣服。在时装设计学校做毕业作品集时，我就决定尝试在家里用 3D 打印整套时装系列。
"不是第一次"+"在设计学校"回溯起点。答案信号是"回溯起点"的表述：it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes 提示"更早就做过"，紧接着 For my senior collection at fashion design school 给出那段更早的时间——还在读设计学校做毕业作品时，这就是"开始"的节点。
- For my senior collection at fashion design schoolWhen she was studying at a fashion design school."做毕业作品集时"="在设计学校读书时"
- A)未提及just graduated from her college 说是"刚大学毕业时"，但原文 For my senior collection at fashion design school 明确是"还在设计学校做毕业作品"，是在校期间而非毕业之后，时间错位且原文也没说 college 毕业，属未提及 / 与原文不符。
- B)张冠李戴attended a conference in New York 把原文两处信息拼错：第1段她确实在 technology conference，第4段去过 New York，但那分别是"现在做这条裙子"和"实习"的事，都不是"开始尝试 3D 打印"的节点；选项盗用 conference 与 New York 这两个原词来骗"听到就选"。
借用原文：I was lucky to be at the technology conference then
- D)原词陷阱nine months ago 借用原文 I had only nine months 这个数字，但原文 nine months 是说"只有九个月时间去搞懂怎么打印"，是"时长"不是"九个月前参加时装秀"这个时间点，更没有"fashion show"一说，典型的数字原词陷阱。
借用原文：I had only nine months to figure out how to print five fashionable looks
What was the problem with the material the speaker worked on at a New York fashion house?
说话者在纽约一家时装公司使用的材料有什么问题?
- A) 它很难打印。
- B) 它很难获得。
- C) 它又硬又易碎。
- D) 它极其昂贵。
But I had a few problems with them. They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable.
但我对它们有些不满。它们是用硬塑料做的，所以非常容易碎。
转折 But+problems+that's why 三重信号。答案信号叠了三层：转折词 But 提示真意要来，I had a few problems with them 直接点"问题"，再由因果 that's why 引出具体缺点——made from hard plastics 所以 very breakable，这句就是答案句。
- They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable.It was hard and breakable."硬塑料所以易碎"="又硬又易碎"
- A)未提及difficult to print 说材料难打印，但原文讲这两条裙子的问题只在"硬、易碎、刮伤模特"，从没说"难打印"，无中生有。
- B)原词陷阱hard to come by"难获得"，原文对这材料的抱怨是"硬 / 易碎"，从没说它难弄到手；且 hard 一词与原文 hard plastics 的 hard 形近，易诱人误选。
借用原文：They were made from hard plastics
- D)未提及extremely expensive 说材料太贵，但原文对这两条裙子材料只字未提价格，谈的是物理性质（硬、碎），属无中生有。
What does the speaker say about Filaflex?
说话者对Filaflex是怎么说的?
- A) 它是3D打印机的最新型号。
- B) 它是3D打印中广泛使用的一种塑料。
- C) 它为时装设计师提供了想象空间。
- D) 它标志着打印材料的一个突破。
The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex, which is a new kind of printing material. It's strong, yet very flexible.
当我接触到 Filaflex 时，突破就来了——它是一种新型的打印材料，既结实又非常有弹性。
强评价词 breakthrough 标记高光落点。答案信号是强评价词 The breakthrough came——"突破"点出这是全文转好的高光落点，紧接着用 a new kind of printing material 给 Filaflex 定性，这句即答案句。
- The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex, which is a new kind of printing materialIt marks a breakthrough in printing material."突破 + 新型打印材料"="打印材料的突破"
- A)偷换概念the latest model of a 3D printer 把 Filaflex 说成"打印机的最新型号"，但原文明确它是 a new kind of printing material"打印材料"，材料≠打印机，把"材料"偷换成"机器"。
借用原文：which is a new kind of printing material
- B)与原文相反a plastic widely used in 3D printing 借原文"打印材料"概念，但原文说 Filaflex 是 a new kind of printing material"新型"且 strong, yet very flexible，从没说它是"被广泛使用的塑料"——"新型"与"广泛使用"恰恰相反，且第4段的 hard plastics 才是塑料、易碎，与 Filaflex 不是一回事，属偷换 + 与原文相反。
借用原文：which is a new kind of printing material
- C)过度推断gives fashion designers room for imagination 把 Filaflex 的意义拔高成"给设计师想象空间"，原文只说它 strong, yet very flexible 且能改字定制，没有上升到"想象空间"这一层，是凭可改字一步跨到抽象升华的过度推断。
借用原文：It's strong, yet very flexible
Welcome to the third lecture in our series on the future of small businesses in Europe. The purpose of today's lecture, as you have seen from the title and the abstract, is to examine in more detail the problems facing small- and medium-sized enterprises which arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology. And I want to look at these both from a financial and from a personnel point of view and to offer a few hopefully effective solutions.
欢迎来到我们关于欧洲小型企业未来系列讲座的第三讲。正如你们从标题和摘要中看到的，今天这讲的目的是更详细地考察中小型企业所面临的问题，而这些问题至少有一部分源于它们必须适应技术的快速进步。我希望从财务和人员两个角度来审视这些问题，并提出几项希望能够切实有效的解决方案。
Here we have three of the most important problems facing small businesses that I want to look at today. First, keeping up with the pace of technological change, recruiting high quality staff in a time of skills shortages in IT as a whole and in a highly competitive market, and the issue of retaining staff once they've been recruited and trained. Now, all of these problems involve significant costs for all businesses. But they are particularly challenging issues for small- and medium-sized enterprises. And those costs would vary depending on the size and scale of the businesses.
这里有三个我今天想要探讨的、困扰小型企业的最重要问题。第一是跟上技术变革的步伐；第二是在整个信息技术领域都存在技能人才短缺且市场竞争十分激烈的情况下，招聘高素质员工；第三是员工被招聘并接受培训后，如何留住他们。现在，所有这些问题都会给所有企业带来重大成本。但对于中小型企业而言，这些问题尤其棘手。而且，这些成本会根据企业的规模和经营范围而有所不同。
So let's come to the first issue on our list which is keeping pace with developments in technology. Now we all know that the technology industry is intensely competitive with new products being launched all year round as the various companies strive to compete with each other, rather than, say, once a year or every couple of years. And this is a real headache for smaller businesses. So, let's imagine we have a small company which is doing OK. It's just about making a profit and it spends most of its income on the overheads. So for a company in this situation, keeping up to date with the latest technology, even if it's only for the benefit of key staff this can be hugely expensive.
那么，我们来谈谈清单上的第一个问题，也就是跟上技术发展的步伐。现在我们都知道，技术行业竞争极其激烈，各家公司努力相互竞争，新产品全年不断推出，而不是像过去那样一年推出一次，或者每隔几年推出一次。这对规模较小的企业来说确实令人头疼。那么，假设我们有一家经营状况还不错的小公司。它勉强能够盈利，而且大部分收入都花在日常开支上。那么对于处于这种状况的公司来说，跟上最新技术的发展，即使只是为了让关键员工受益，也可能代价高昂。
So in my view, some creative thinking needs to come in here to find ways to help companies in this situation to stay ahead in the game, but at the same time, to remain technologically competitive.
因此，在我看来，这里需要一些创造性的思考，以便找到办法帮助处于这种状况的企业在竞争中保持领先，同时继续保持技术上的竞争力。
Well, there's a possibility that small groups of companies with similar requirements but not directly competing with each other—they could share the cost of upgrading in much the same way as, let's say, an intranet operates within large organizations. In fact, cost-sharing could be a very practical solution, especially in times of financial difficulty. If there's downward pressure on costs, because of a need for investment in other areas, I would argue that this is a perfectly feasible solution.
小型企业可以组成一些具有相似需求、但彼此之间没有直接竞争关系的团体，以此分摊升级成本，其运作方式大致可以类比大型组织内部的内联网。事实上，分摊成本可能是一种非常切实可行的解决方案，尤其是在财务困难时期。如果由于需要在其他领域进行投资而面临降低成本的压力，我会认为这完全是一个可行的解决方案。
What does the speaker say about the problems facing small and medium sized enterprises?
说话者关于中小企业面临的问题说了什么?
- A) 这些问题源于技术进步。
- B) 这些问题迄今尚未得到详细研究。
- C) 这些问题利用现代技术很容易解决。
- D) 这些问题没有政府支持就无法解决。
The purpose of today's lecture, as you have seen from the title and the abstract, is to examine in more detail the problems facing small- and medium-sized enterprises which arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology.
今天讲座的目的，正如你们从标题和摘要中看到的，是更细致地审视中小企业所面临的问题，而这些问题至少部分源于不得不去适应技术的飞速进步。
定语从句 which arise from 给出问题来源。答案信号是定性来源的关系从句 which arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology——开篇就交代“问题源于适应技术进步”，这正是对问题的定性，锁定它即可。
- arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technologyThey arise from the advances in technology.概括化改写：删修饰、留主干
- B)与原文相反录音说讲座目的是 to examine in more detail the problems（更细致地审视这些问题），选项 They have not been examined in detail so far. 盗用了 examine in detail 几个原词，却把意思反过来说成“至今未被仔细审视”，与原文相反。
借用原文：to examine in more detail the problems facing small- and medium-sized enterprises
- C)未提及They are easy to solve with modern technology. 在原文中找不到依据，录音整体把这些问题描述为 particularly challenging issues for small- and medium-sized enterprises（对中小企业尤其棘手），与“容易解决”正好相反，属无中生有兼反向。
- D)未提及They can't be solved without government support. 里的 government support 录音通篇未提，说话人给的解决思路是创新思维与企业间分摊成本，而非依赖政府，属凭空捏造的条件。
What does the speaker say about the technology industry?
说话者关于技术行业说了什么?
- A) 它对企业家很有吸引力。
- B) 它需要巨额投资。
- C) 它专注于新产品。
- D) 它竞争激烈。
Now we all know that the technology industry is intensely competitive with new products being launched all year round as the various companies strive to compete with each other, rather than, say, once a year or every couple of years.
我们都知道，技术行业竞争极其激烈，新产品全年不断推出，各家公司彼此争相竞争，而不是说一年一次或每隔几年才出新品。
对行业的直接概括 is intensely competitive。答案信号是 the technology industry is intensely competitive 这句对行业的正面概括判断，主系表结构直接给出行业属性，是典型的答案落点。
- the technology industry is intensely competitiveIt is intensely competitive.近乎原句，仅用 It 替换主语
- A)未提及It is attractive to entrepreneurs. 录音从未提及 entrepreneurs，也没说行业“吸引人”，是凭空附加的属性。
- B)张冠李戴It demands huge investment. 张冠李戴：录音确实谈到成本高（this can be hugely expensive），但那是说小公司跟进技术的花费高，主语是小企业的处境，而非把“需要巨额投资”当成 technology industry 本身的属性来回答本题。
借用原文：keeping up to date with the latest technology, even if it's only for the benefit of key staff this can be hugely expensive
- C)原词陷阱It focuses on new products. 偷用了录音原词 new products，但原文是说“新产品全年不断推出”以体现竞争激烈，并非说行业“专注于新产品”，是听到 new products 就想选的原词陷阱。
借用原文：with new products being launched all year round as the various companies strive to compete with each other
What is a practical solution to the problems of small and medium-sized businesses?
中小企业问题的切实可行的解决方案是什么?
- A) 与大公司合作。
- B) 招聘更多合格的员工。
- C) 对信息技术人员进行在职培训。
- D) 彼此分担成本。
Well, there's a possibility that small groups of companies with similar requirements but not directly competing with each other—they could share the cost of upgrading in much the same way as, let's say, an intranet operates within large organizations. In fact, cost-sharing could be a very practical solution, especially in times of financial difficulty.
嗯，有一种可能是：需求相似但彼此并不直接竞争的小公司组成小团体——它们可以分摊升级的成本，就像内联网在大型机构内部运作那样。事实上，分摊成本可以是一个非常实用的解决方案，尤其是在财务困难时期。
可行性措辞 practical solution / could。答案信号是建议加可行性判断 cost-sharing could be a very practical solution，practical solution 与题干 practical solution 直接呼应，could 表方案提议，锁定此句。
- they could share the cost of upgradingSharing of costs with each other.动词短语名词化
- cost-sharing could be a very practical solutionSharing of costs with each other.原文 cost-sharing 即选项 sharing of costs
- A)偷换概念Cooperation with big companies. 盗用了原文 large organizations 这个原词制造干扰，但原文 large organizations 只是用大机构的内联网做类比，方案的合作对象是彼此需求相似的小公司，不是和大公司合作，对象被偷换。
借用原文：in much the same way as, let's say, an intranet operates within large organizations
- B)张冠李戴Recruiting more qualified staff. 张冠李戴：录音前面把 recruiting high quality staff 列为小企业面临的问题之一，而本题问的是解决方案；把“招优质员工”这个问题误当成办法，答非所问。
借用原文：recruiting high quality staff in a time of skills shortages in IT
- C)原词陷阱In-service training of IT personnel. 拼用了录音里的 IT 与 trained 等熟词，但原文只把“留住已招募培训的员工”当问题提及，从未把“在职培训 IT 人员”作为解决方案提出，属无中生有的方案。
借用原文：the issue of retaining staff once they've been recruited and trained
27 句真题句逐层精讲
下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。
- That is really something we need to be worried about.
主系表结构+限制性定语从句(省略关系代词)是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式;不定代词作先行词且省略关系代词的现象在真题中反复出现,掌握此句型对理解复杂句有较强的迁移价值。
- M: And we also need to plan ahead so that we are in a position to deal with the likely levels of climate change which are already inevitable, and even more so, too, for the levels that are likely if we don't get those global agreements.
这句在结构上有较强代表性，层级清楚但不至于过难，尤其适合训练如何在长句里定位主干和识别从句归属。虽然时态难度不高，但正因为时态简单，学习者可以把注意力集中在结构拆解上。
- Carry out more research on it.
祈使句在四六级、考研阅读或写作中偶有出现（如文末建议、实验步骤描述），但远不如陈述句或复合句常见。作为句式练习有一定价值，但代表性中等。
- And in the video we saw, the point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent.
主系表结构 + 插入状语 + 省略关系代词的定语从句,是四六级和考研阅读中非常常见的句式组合,学会处理这类插入和省略结构可以迁移到大量真题句子,典型性较高。
- Natural talent helps in some way but at the end of the day you really do need to work hard and get really, really good at what you do.
本句的 but 连接转折并列主句、do 强调助动词、need to do 结构、what 引导名词性从句，都是四六级和考研真题中常见的句式。让步转折的逻辑关系、强调结构的使用、宾语从句的嵌套，这些特征在真题长难句中频繁出现，具有较高的典型性和复用价值。
- It means being good at seizing opportunities.
主谓宾结构配合动名词宾语是常见句式，但本句过于简短、无从句修饰，作为考试长难句的代表性一般。
- Practice is essential to becoming good at something.
主系表结构本身是最常见的基本句型之一，essential to doing sth 的表达在四六级和考研阅读中也较为常见，具有一定代表性。但因句子过于简单、无从句或复杂修饰，作为典型例句的示范性略显不足。
- Devils Tower, the first national monument in America, could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree.
本句结构在考试中较为典型：简单句配合同位语插入和被动语态，是四六级和考研阅读中常见的句式。情态动词加被动的组合也是高频考点，掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子。
- Rising more than 1,000 feet in the middle of the gently rolling plains of Wyoming, the massive column of rock looks as though it was dropped down into this location from a different time and place.
这句很适合练“先找主干，再处理前置分词短语和后置从句”。它同时覆盖主语、谓语、前置状语、介词短语状语和 "as though" 从句，容易暴露成分划分中的常见误判点。
- Devils Tower is a relic of the past, when the molten rock of the earth's core forced its way to the surface to form the throat of a volcano.
这句整体不算难，但训练收益不错：主干清晰，适合练习如何不被逗号后长修饰带偏；同时还能顺手复习基础时态和不定式状语。对结构与时态入门训练来说，值得优先学习。
- Sadly, the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills do.
主句 + 嵌套定语从句 + 时间状语从句的组合是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式；限制性定语从句修饰主语、时间状语从句表示对比是常考结构；状语从句中的承前省略也是真题常见现象；掌握本句的分析方法可直接迁移到大量类似真题句，结构典型性很高。
- She's figured out that it will take her another three years to pay it off at $30 a month.
本句包含两个高频考点结构:宾语从句(that引导)和形式主语(it takes sb time to do sth),这两种结构在四六级和考研阅读中极为常见,掌握后可广泛应用于理解同类句式
- They will have their vehicles washed or serviced.
本句涵盖主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语四种核心成分，且宾语补足语由并列的过去分词构成，是典型的使役结构练习句。对于学习宾补和使役用法的学生来说，是很好的成分划分训练材料，能练习区分谓语与非谓语、识别宾补位置。
- They will pick up some souvenirs or gift items.
主谓宾结构是英语中最常见的基本句型，具有一定代表性，且一般将来时在各类考试中频繁出现；但本句无定语从句、状语从句等四六级/考研常考的复杂结构，典型性属于中等水平。
- They should be done away with altogether.
"情态动词 + be + 过去分词" 是四六级和考研阅读中高频出现的被动语态变体，且 "do away with" 等短语动词的被动形式也是常考点，具有较强的代表性和迁移价值。
- Chances are, you included things like happy, sad, excited, angry, afraid, grateful, proud, scared, confused, stressed, relaxed and amazed.
Chances are 加表语从句是四六级和考研阅读中高频出现的推测句型,省略 that 的表语从句和介词短语后置定语也是典型结构,掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子,典型性较高。
- It's likely you'd prefer to feel happy instead of sad, or confident instead of insecure.
It is + 形容词 + 主语从句 这一结构在四六级和考研阅读中极为常见,属于高频句式。主语从句省略连接词 that 也是真题中的典型现象。掌握本句结构后,可直接迁移到大量类似句子,实用性强。
- What matters is how our emotions are balanced—how much of each type of emotion, positive or negative, we experience.
本句的主系表结构配合主语从句和表语从句是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式,连接代词和连接副词引导名词性从句的用法极为典型,表语从句并列的结构也常见于学术和说明文体,掌握本句结构后可直接迁移到大量类似句子,代表性很强。
- The more we dwell on negative emotions, the more negative we begin to feel.
"the more..., the more..." 是四六级和考研阅读写作中的高频句型,表示递进因果关系。本句结构典型,掌握后可直接迁移到大量类似句式,具有很高的学习复用价值。
- They help us take in more information, hold several ideas in mind at once, and understand how different ideas relate to each other.
本句"help + 宾语 + 动词原形"的宾补结构以及"疑问词引导的宾语从句"都是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式,且并列宾补的处理也是常考点。结构具有较强的代表性和迁移价值
- They should be done away with.
情态动词加被动语态的结构在四六级和考研真题中较为常见，例如 "should be done"、"must be finished" 等，具有一定的代表性。"do away with" 这类固定短语动词的被动用法也是考试中的常见考点，学生掌握后可以迁移到类似结构。
- What happens to people whose negative emotions are out of balance?
特殊疑问句 + 限制性定语从句的组合在四六级和考研阅读中频繁出现，"whose" 引导的定语从句也是常考语法点。本句结构具有较高的代表性，掌握后可迁移到大量类似句式的理解和翻译。
- The problem was that I barely knew anything about 3D printing, and I had only nine months to figure out how to print five fashionable looks.
并列复合句加名词性从句的组合是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式；表语从句、不定式作定语、并列连词连接主句等结构都是考试常见考点，掌握后可复用到大量类似句子的分析中
- They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable.
并列句加表语从句的组合在考试中较为常见,被动语态和因果逻辑表达是典型句式。that 指代前文并引出 why 表语从句的结构在阅读理解中频繁出现,具有较高代表性。
- So now, the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with, I mean the material you feed the printer with.
主系表 + 不定式表语、定语从句修饰插入语中的名词、关系代词省略和介词后置，均为四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式，掌握后可迁移到大量同类长句。
- The purpose of today's lecture, as you have seen from the title and the abstract, is to examine in more detail the problems facing small- and medium-sized enterprises which arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology.
本句成分丰富且包含多个训练价值点：主句是主系表结构，表语为不定式；状语从句插入在主谓之间，考查插入结构的识别；定语从句中关系代词which作主语，考查关系代词的双重身份；表语中的宾语"the problems"带有现在分词短语"facing..."作后置定语，以及which定语从句，考查多层修饰的成分划分；定语从句中包含程度状语和原因状语。覆盖成分种类广，且插入结构、后置定语、关系代词等都是易错点。
- They can't be solved without government support.
情态动词加被动语态是四六级和考研阅读中的高频句式，介词短语作状语表达条件也十分典型，掌握后可迁移到大量类似句子的分析
本卷出现的 233 个英语六级真题高频词
下列单词既在本卷录音原文中出现，又是 英语六级 历年真题的高频词（在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8）。每个词标注本卷 出现次数与该考试真题句频，点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。
- negativeB1adj. 否定的
- climateB1n. 气候
- positiveB1adj. 积极的
- fashionB1n. 时尚;流行款式
- globalB2adj. 全球的
- materialB1n. 材料
- wouldA1aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会
- likelyA2adj. 很可能的
- focusB1n. 重点
- issueB1n. 问题
- professorB1n. 教授（大学教师的最高职称）
- solutionB1n. 解决办法
- talentB1n. 天赋
- printerA2n. 打印机
- impactB2n. 影响
- balanceB1n. 平衡
- staffB1n. 全体员工
- itemA2n. 项目
- competitiveB2adj. 竞争的
- printingB1n. 印刷
- actuallyA2adv. 实际上，事实上（用于纠正或补充信息）
- systemA2n. 系统
- riskA2n. 风险
- viewA2n. 观点，看法
- powerA2n. 权力
- challengeB1n. 挑战
- designB1n. 设计
- opportunityB1n. 机会
- particularlyB2adv. 尤其，特别（强调某事物）
- advanceB1v. 前进
- priorityB2n. 优先事项
- awarenessB2n. 意识
- transitionB2n. 过渡
- retirementB2n. 退休
- deserveB1v. 应得
- recruitB2v. 招募
- savingB1n. 节省
- enterpriseB2n. 公司
- productA2n. 产品
- benefitB1n. 好处
- betterA1adj. 更好的（good 的比较级）
- stressB1n. 压力
- affectB1v. 影响
- majorB1adj. 主要的
- argueB1v. 争论
- policyB1n. 政策
- leastA2det. 最少的
- involveB1v. 包含
- financialB2adj. 财政的
- gasA2n. 气体
- consequenceB2n. 结果
- creativeB1adj. 有创造力的
- easilyA2adv. 容易地
- figureA2n. 数字
- solveA2v. 解决（问题、困难）
- linkA2n. 联系
- attendA2v. 出席，参加（会议、活动等）
- detailB1n. 细节
- practicalB1adj. 实际的
- signalB1n. 信号
- investmentB1n. 投资
- wealthyB2adj. 富有的
- competeB1v. 竞争
- lectureB1n. 讲座
- possibilityB1n. 可能性
- scaleB1n. 规模
- rarelyB1adv. 很少，难得，不常
- aheadA2adv. 在前面
- extremelyB1adv. 极其
- attackA2v. 攻击
- collectionB1n. 收集物
- designerB1n. 设计师
- cooperationB2n. 合作
- freedomB1n. 自由
- warmingB1n. 变暖;加温
- paceB1n. 速度
- coreB1n. 核心
- latestB1adj. 最新的
- economicsB2n. 经济学
- narrowB1adj. 狭窄的
- ariseB2v. 出现;产生;发生
- consensusC1n. （意见的）一致
- outerB1adj. 外部的，外面的
- passionateB2adj. 热情的
- convenienceB1n. 方便，便利
- stressedB1adj. 焦虑不安的
- breakthroughB2n. 重大进展
- monumentB2n. 纪念碑
- automaticallyB1adv. 自动地
- overwhelmB2v. 使不知所措
- anxiousB1adj. 焦虑的
- exhaustB2v. 使筋疲力尽
- personnelB2n. 全体员工
- lessA1det. 较少的
- tendB1v. 倾向于，往往会
- economicB2adj. 经济的
- baseA2n. 基础
- simplyB1adv. 仅仅，只不过
- projectA2n. 项目
- qualityA2n. 质量
- supportA2v. 支持
- accessB1n. 进入
- eventA2n. 事件
- mediumB1adj. 中等的
- effectiveB1adj. 有效的，起作用的
- incomeB1n. 收入
- demandB1v. 坚决要求
- evidenceB1n. 证据
- colleagueB1n. 同事
- typeA2n. 类型
- graduateB1n. 毕业生
- contributeB1v. 捐献
- nationB1n. 国家
- organizationB1n. 组织
- thinkingA2n. 思考
- significantB2adj. 重要的
- quicklyA2adv. 快速地
- trendB1n. 趋势
- variousB1adj. 各种各样的
- politicalB1adj. 政治的
- pressureB1n. 心理压力
- consumptionB2n. 消费
- launchB1v. 推出
- essentialB1adj. 必不可少的
- associateB2v. 联系
- uniqueB2adj. 独特的
- mainlyB1adv. 主要地
- operateB1v. 运转
- respondB1v. 回答，答复
- seniorB1adj. 级别高的
- threatB1n. 威胁
- aspectB2n. 方面
- powerfulB1adj. 强大的
- signA1n. 标志
- appealB2v. 呼吁
- representB1v. 代表
- technologicalB2adj. 技术的
- adaptB2v. 适应，适合（新环境、新情况）
- styleA2n. 方式
- completelyB1adv. 完全地
- passionB2n. 强烈的情感
- expandB2v. 扩大;扩展;增长
- perspectiveB2n. 观点
- entireB1adj. 整个的
- giantB1adj. 巨大的
- highlyB1adv. 非常
- profitB1n. 利润，盈利
- regularB1adj. 经常的
- seriesB1n. 系列
- contextB2n. （事情发生的）背景、环境
- eventuallyB1adv. 最终
- firmB1adj. 坚固的
- handleA2v. 处理
- harmfulB1adj. 有害的
- historicalB2adj. 历史的
- vehicleB1n. 交通工具
- massiveB2adj. 巨大的，大量的
- fundB2n. 资金
- varyB1v. 不同
- broadB1adj. 宽阔的
- directlyB1adv. 直接地
- widelyB1adv. 广泛地
- sharingA2n. 分享
- entrepreneurC1n. 企业家;创业者
- striveB2v. 努力，奋斗，力求
- evolveB2v. 逐渐发展;进化
- annualB1adj. 每年的，年度的
- elementB1n. 要素
- shortageB2n. 短缺
- techniqueB1n. 技术
- attachB1v. 贴上;系上;附上
- attributeB2n. 属性
- chiefB1n. 首领
- disappearA2v. 消失;不见
- relateB1v. 使有联系，把…联系起来
- shrinkB2v. 缩小
- admitB1v. 承认（事实、错误等）
- affordableB1adj. 买得起的
- challengingB2adj. 有挑战性的
- locationB1n. 地点，位置
- naturallyB1adv. 自然地
- worriedA2adj. 担心的
- profitableB2adj. 盈利的，有利可图的
- secureB2adj. 安全的
- burdenB2n. 负担
- inevitableB2adj. 必然发生的
- justifyB2v. 证明…有道理
- requirementB2n. 要求
- attractiveB1adj. 有吸引力的
- categoryB1n. 类别
- confrontB2v. 面对，面临（困难、危险等）
- crackB1v. 破裂
- perfectlyB1adv. 完美地
- specificallyB2adv. 明确地
- disputeB2n. 争论
- enormousB1adj. 巨大的
- possiblyB1adv. 可能，也许
- alertB2adj. 警觉的
- briefB1adj. 简短的;短暂的
- constantB2adj. 持续不断的
- costlyB2adj. 昂贵的，代价高的
- imaginationB1n. 想象力
- occasionB1n. 场合
- plainA2adj. 清楚的
- combatB2n. 战斗
- flexibleB2adj. 灵活的
- peakB1n. 山峰
- snackA2n. 零食
- cigaretteA2n. 香烟，纸烟
- gratefulB1adj. 感激的
- tankB1n. 坦克
- tremendousB2adj. 巨大的
- upgradeB2v. 升级
- angerB1n. 愤怒
- altogetherB2adv. 完全地
- boundaryB2n. 边界
- endlessB2adj. 无尽的
- outdoorA2adj. 户外的，室外的
- abstractB2adj. 抽象的
- amazingA2adj. 令人惊奇的
- barelyB1adv. 几乎不
- fashionableB1adj. 时髦的
- fileA2n. 文件
- impressiveB2adj. 令人印象深刻的
- loadB1n. 负载
- scratchB1v. 抓
- socializeB2v. 社交
- boundB1adj. 一定会
- confusedA2adj. 困惑的
- enrichB2v. 丰富
- okA1adj. 可以的
- qualifiedB2adj. 有资格的
- unpaidB2adj. 未付款的
全卷录音原文 749 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖
全卷录音原文去重后共 749 个单词，按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比（CDF），最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上（C1/C2）为高阶词，本卷共 13 个 · 约 2%。
- 去重总词数
- 749
- B2 以上难词
- 2%
- B1 及以下覆盖
- 84%
常见问题
围绕本套听力的答案、录音来源与体裁、词汇难度与逐题选项依据，逐条给出可核对的答案。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力的答案分别是什么？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力全卷共 25 题，标准答案依次为：1 C · 2 B · 3 A · 4 C · 5 B · 6 D · 7 D · 8 C · 9 A · 10 B · 11 D · 12 C · 13 A · 14 A · 15 D · 16 B · 17 B · 18 A · 19 B · 20 C · 21 C · 22 D · 23 A · 24 D · 25 D。答案字母分布为 A 6 · B 6 · C 6 · D 7。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力的录音原文分哪几篇？各考多少题？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力按卷面顺序分为：Section A 长对话（2 篇）1–8 题；Section B 听力篇章（2 篇）9–15 题；Section C 讲座/讲话（3 篇）16–25 题。体裁构成为 长对话 2 · 听力篇章 2 · 讲座/讲话 3，全卷连续编号、录音只播一遍。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力的词汇难度如何？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力全卷录音原文去重后共 749 个单词，按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖：A1 及以下约 32%、A2 及以下约 61%、B1 及以下约 84%、B2 及以下约 98%，B2 以上（C1/C2）难词共 13 个、约占 2%。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力出现了哪些英语六级高频词？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力的录音原文出现 233 个英语六级真题高频词（这些词在历年英语六级真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8 句）。按出现次数排在前的有：negative（本卷 15 次，adj. 否定的）、climate（本卷 14 次，n. 气候）、positive（本卷 9 次，adj. 积极的）、fashion（本卷 9 次，n. 时尚;流行款式）、global（本卷 8 次，adj. 全球的）、material（本卷 7 次，n. 材料）、would（本卷 6 次，aux. （will 的过去式）将要，会）、likely（本卷 6 次，adj. 很可能的）。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 1 题：What does Professor Henderson say about his main area of research? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 1 题是细节题，正确答案 C）It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues。答案句出自录音「The Center for Climate Research where I work links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy」（我工作的气候研究中心把气候变化的科学与围绕经济和政策的问题联系起来），靠被问者对开场提问的直接应答定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy ↔ links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（A 的 predict the possible trends 在录音里没有对应——教授说的是"连接"科学与经济政策，并非"预测趋势"，属无中生有的拔高）；B 项属原词陷阱（录音第 2 段确有 the likely impacts of climate change，B 借走 impacts 拼成 impacts of global climate change on people's lives；但原文的 impacts 是研究的"附带内容之一"，且从未限定到 on people's lives，B 听到 impacts 就选会答非所问）；D 项属张冠李戴（efforts countries can make 借用了后文 action on a global scale 的"各国行动"概念，但那是教授谈"怎么办"时说的，并非他描述"研究领域"的内容，张冠李戴到本题），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 2 题：What does Professor Henderson say about climate change? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 2 题是细节题，正确答案 B）It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it。答案句出自录音「What the economics tells us is that it's probably cheaper to avoid climate change—to avoid the risk—than it is to deal with the likely consequences」（经济学告诉我们的是，避免气候变化（即避免风险）很可能比应对其可能的后果更划算），靠比较结构 cheaper...than 给出结论定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（cheaper to avoid climate change... than it is to deal with the likely consequences ↔ more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音末尾确有 we don't have that consensus，A 借 consensus 编成 a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact；但原文那处指的是"各国对全球协议尚无共识"，不是"对气候影响要很久才有共识"，听到 consensus 就选即落陷阱）；C 项属过度推断（the most pressing issue confronting all countries 用了最高级"最紧迫"，但教授全程只说气候变化是"风险"、避免更划算，从未把它定为"所有国家最紧迫的问题"，属拔高）；D 项属过度推断（录音第 4 段说部分科学 less certain or at least more disputed，D 借 disputed 推成 endless disputes among nations；但原文是"科学层面存在争议"，并非"国家间必然无尽争吵"，由词推断过头），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 3 题：What does Professor Henderson say is a top priority in combating climate change? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 3 题是细节题，正确答案 A）The transition to low-carbon energy systems。答案句出自录音「And this will involve a huge transition to low-carbon energy systems. And the transition is a tremendous priority」（这将涉及向低碳能源系统的巨大转型。而这一转型是一项极其重要的首要任务），靠优先级标记 a tremendous priority定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（a huge transition to low-carbon energy systems ↔ The transition to low-carbon energy systems）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（录音提到 major countries like China and the USA，B 借此编成 cooperation among world major powers；但原文说的是大国"签署全球协议"，并非笼统的"大国合作"，更未称之为首要任务）；C 项属原词陷阱（原文确有 sign up to a global agreement，C 直接搬来 The signing of a global agreement；但被冠以 priority 的是"转型"，签协议只是从政治角度需要理解的条件，不是教授点名的首要任务，听到原词就选会错）；D 项属未提及（The raising of people's awareness 在整段录音里没有任何对应表述，属凭"环保常识"自行补出的措施），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 4 题：What does Professor Henderson advise us to do to better deal with climate change? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 4 题是细节题，正确答案 C）Plan well in advance。答案句出自录音「And we also need to plan ahead so that we are in a position to deal with the likely levels of climate change which are already inevitable」（我们还需要提前规划，以便能够应对那些已经不可避免的气候变化可能达到的程度），靠建议句 we also need to + 动作定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（we also need to plan ahead ↔ Plan well in advance）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音第 6 段有 develop the science、第 2 段有 research 字样，A 的 Carry out more research on it 借此而来；但"发展科学/研究"是教授谈"怎么避免"时说的，本题问"更好应对"，他给的建议是提前规划，A 答非所问）；B 项属偷换概念（Cut down energy consumption 看似呼应 low-carbon energy systems，但原文谈的是能源系统"转型"，从未说要"削减能耗"，且这是第 3 题话题，并非本题的应对建议）；D 项属未提及（Adopt new technology 在录音里没有对应——教授谈的是发展科学、能源转型、提前规划，从未说"采用新技术"，属常识补全），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 5 题：What are the speakers mainly talking about? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 5 题是主旨题，正确答案 B）What determines success。答案句出自录音「We often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success」（我们常常聊着聊着就谈到成功、以及是什么带来成功这类话题），靠开头点题句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（what leads to success ↔ What determines success）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音确实念到 Luck is important to success，让人想选 When luck plays a role.；但运气只是"成功要素"里被讨论的一个侧面，不是整段主题，以偏概全）；C 项属原词陷阱（录音后段反复说 It's all about practice, practice, practice，诱人选 Whether practice makes perfect.；但练习只是讨论"成功要素"时谈到的一环，且对话并非在辩论"练习是否使人完美"，范围对不上主旨）；D 项属原词陷阱（录音谈到 natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful，让人想选 How important natural talent is.；但天赋同样只是被讨论的一个要素，不能代表整段"成功由什么决定"的全貌），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 6 题：What is the woman's view of luck? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 6 题是态度观点题，正确答案 D）It means being good at seizing opportunities。答案句出自录音「I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way」（我认为，人们所谓的运气，很大程度上取决于你如何回应向你迎面而来的机会），靠I think 表态句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（how you respond to the opportunities that come your way ↔ being good at seizing opportunities）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（It knocks at your door only once in a while. 听着像"运气可遇不可求"的常识，但女士全程没说运气"偶尔才来"，她说的是"运气取决于你怎么回应机会"，这是拿常识硬套、原文没说）；B 项属与原文相反（It is something that no one can possibly create. 说"运气没人能创造"；可录音里说 create 的是男士 people can make their own luck，且他认为运气"可以"创造，选项却说"没人能"——既张冠李戴又反了意）；C 项属未提及（It comes naturally out of one's self-confidence. 把运气说成"源于自信"，但 self-confidence 在录音里根本没出现，女士谈的是"回应机会"不是"自信"，纯属无中生有），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 7 题：What is the chief point the TED Talks video makes? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 7 题是细节题，正确答案 D）Practice is essential to becoming good at something。答案句出自录音「The point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent. It's all about practice, practice, practice」（关于把一件事做好，重点不在于拥有什么天赋，而完全在于练习、练习、再练习），靠not…but 转折加重复定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（It's all about practice, practice, practice ↔ Practice is essential to becoming good at something）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（Luck rarely contributes to a person's success. 里 rarely（几乎不）极端化了；录音里女士还说 Luck is important to success，并未否定运气，更没说视频持"运气几乎无用"的论点，程度与出处都不符）；B 项属原词陷阱（One must have natural talent to be successful. 借用了录音原词 natural talent，但视频的论点恰恰是 not about having some natural talent——否定"必须有天赋"；选项取了被否定的那半，正好说反）；C 项属张冠李戴（One should always be ready to seize opportunities. 对应的是女士第5段 how you respond to the opportunities 的观点，而本题问的是"视频的论点"；抓机会是女士谈运气时说的，不是视频提出的，张冠李戴），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 8 题：What does the woman think is the funny thing in the TED Talks video? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 8 题是细节题，正确答案 C）Being passionate about work can make one wealthy。答案句出自录音「If you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard, the money kind of comes automatically」（如果你热爱自己所做的事、对它充满热情并且非常努力地工作，钱财就会自然而然地随之而来），靠the funny thing 强调句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（if you love what you do…the money kind of comes automatically ↔ Being passionate about work can make one wealthy）。其余选项：A 项属偷换概念（Putting time and effort into fun things is profitable. 把录音的"热爱所做的工作"换成了 fun things（好玩的事），还把"钱自然来"换成 profitable；录音说的是 love what you do（热爱你做的事）不是"做好玩的事"，概念被悄悄换掉）；B 项属原词陷阱（People who love what they do care little about money. 借用录音原词 love what they do，却生造出"不在乎钱"；录音说的是"钱会自然来"，根本没说"不在乎钱"，是凭这个原词钩子无中生有）；D 项属与原文相反（People in need of money work hard automatically. 把因果说成"缺钱→努力"，而录音是"热爱努力→钱自来"，方向正好相反；它还盗用了原词 automatically 来增加迷惑），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 9 题：What does Devils Tower look like? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 9 题是细节题，正确答案 A）The stump of a giant tree。答案句出自录音「Devils Tower, the first national monument in America, could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree」（魔鬼塔，美国第一座国家纪念碑，几乎会被错看成一棵巨树的树桩），靠“被错看成”即外形比喻信号定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the stump of an enormous tree ↔ The stump of a giant tree.）。其余选项：B 项属原词陷阱（录音确实多处出现 rock（如 the massive column of rock），B 的 A huge piece of rock. 盗用了这个原词诱你“听到 rock 就选”；但题目问“看上去像什么”，原文给的比喻是“树桩”而非“一块巨石”，rock 只是它的材质而非它“像”的东西）；C 项属偷换概念（原文提到它矗立在平原之上、有 flat summit（平顶），让人联想到山，C 的 The peak of a mountain. 借“山峰/顶”的语境诱选；但原文从未说它“像一座山峰”，比喻对象明确是“树桩”）；D 项属未提及（A tall chimney.（高烟囱）这一比喻在原文中根本没有出现，纯属编造，虽然柱状高耸的形状会让人觉得“也挺像”，但听力以原文说了什么为准），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 10 题：What caused the volcano's outer layers to wear away? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 10 题是细节题，正确答案 B）Wind and water。答案句出自录音「Born in fire and fury, Devils Tower was then shaped by the slow, gentle work of wind and water. The outer layers of the volcano were worn away, until the hard core stood completely exposed」（魔鬼塔生于烈火与狂暴之中，随后被风与水缓慢而轻柔的作用所塑造。火山的外层逐渐被磨蚀殆尽，直到坚硬的内核完全裸露出来），靠shaped by + worn away 的施动者定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（wind and water ↔ Wind and water.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（Human activity.（人类活动）在原文里完全没有提到，魔鬼塔的塑造全是自然力量；这一项靠常识里“景观破坏常与人类有关”的联想骗选）；C 项属偷换概念（原文讲 the rock cooled and hardened（岩石冷却硬化）涉及物理变化，C 的 Chemical processes.（化学过程）借“岩石变化”语境偷换成“化学过程”；但磨蚀外层的是风与水的物理作用，非化学过程）；D 项属原词陷阱（录音里 Born in fire and fury 确有 fire and fury 一词，D 的 Fire and fury. 原样盗用，诱你“听到就选”；但“烈火与狂暴”说的是它“诞生（born in）”时的力量，问的却是“外层被磨蚀”的原因，张冠李戴、答非所问），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 11 题：What does an Indian legend say about Devils Tower? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 11 题是细节题，正确答案 D）It was created by supernatural powers。答案句出自录音「Small wonder that an Indian legend described Devils Tower as being formed by supernatural powers」（难怪一则印第安传说把魔鬼塔描述为由超自然力量所形成），靠legend described…as 引出传说界定定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（being formed by supernatural powers ↔ It was created by supernatural powers.）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（录音开头说它是 the first national monument in America，A 的 It is a historical monument. 盗用 monument 一词诱选；但 monument 是“国家纪念地”的官方身份，题目问的是“传说怎么说”，传说讲的是超自然力量，不是“历史纪念碑”）；B 项属与原文相反（It was built in ancient times.（古时人工建造）与传说“由超自然力量形成”相反——传说强调的恰是“非人力所及”，built（人建）正好反了向；它借“ancient/古老”的氛围诱选）；C 项属原词陷阱（录音多次出现 Indian（如 an Indian legend），C 的 It is Indians' sacred place for worship. 盗用 Indian 诱选；但原文只说“印第安传说”提到它，从未说它是印第安人“供奉/朝拜的圣地”，sacred place for worship 属编造），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 12 题：How did the Rock God help the seven girls in the Indian legend? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 12 题是细节题，正确答案 C）By lifting them well above the ground。答案句出自录音「The god caused the rock to grow and to lift the girls far above the ground, while its sides were scored by the claws of the angry bears」（岩神让岩石长高，把女孩们高高托到地面之上，而岩石的侧面则被愤怒的熊用爪子抓出道道划痕），靠caused the rock to…lift 的施救动作定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（lift the girls far above the ground ↔ By lifting them well above the ground.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（By sheltering them in a cave.（把她们藏进山洞）在原文里没有出现，岩神是“让岩石长高托起她们”而非“藏入山洞”；这项靠“躲避熊”的常识联想骗选）；B 项属张冠李戴（录音里确有 the claws of the angry bears（愤怒的熊的爪子），B 的 By killing the attacking bears. 盗用 bears 诱选；但原文是“熊用爪子抓岩石侧面”，岩神并没有“杀熊”，把不存在的动作安到岩神头上，张冠李戴）；D 项属偷换概念（原文是让岩石长高、把女孩 lift the girls far above the ground（托到地面之上），D 的 By taking them to the top of a mountain. 把它偷换成“带到山顶”；岩神是“就地把岩石升高”而非“带她们去某座山顶”，似是而非），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 13 题：What does the speaker say about drivers who stop at gas stations? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 13 题是细节题，正确答案 A）They will buy something from the convenience stores。答案句出自录音「Few of us can fill up the tank without buying a few snacks, cigarettes, soft drinks or other items we can live without」（我们当中很少有人能在加油时不顺手买点零食、香烟、软饮料或其他可有可无的东西），靠双重否定 Few…without 即“几乎都会买”定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（buying a few snacks, cigarettes, soft drinks or other items ↔ buy something from the convenience stores）。其余选项：B 项（选项 take advantage of the time to rest a while 说司机利用时间休息，但录音通篇只讲加油时“买东西”，从未提及休息，属凭常识脑补、原文未提及）；C 项（选项 have their vehicles washed or serviced（洗车、做保养）借“加油站”让人自然联想到的配套服务来诱选，但录音只字未提洗车或保养，是借场景联想编出来的未提及项）；D 项（选项 pick up some souvenirs or gift items（买纪念品或礼品）与录音所列的 snacks、cigarettes、soft drinks 完全不同类，录音也没提纪念品，属无中生有），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 14 题：What does the speaker say about extravagances? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 14 题是态度观点题，正确答案 A）They can bring only temporary pleasures。答案句出自录音「Sadly, the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills do」（遗憾的是，奢侈消费带来的快乐往往在账单还没还清之前就早早消失了），靠评价词 Sadly + 主语 pleasure…disappears定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills do ↔ bring only temporary pleasures）。其余选项：B 项属与原文相反（选项 meant for the extremely wealthy 说奢侈只为极富者，但录音明说 hard-working men and women 这些普通辛劳者也会奢侈消费，与“只给富人”相反）；C 项（选项 done away with altogether（应彻底取消）把话说过头，录音恰恰承认 They do deserve such indulgences（他们确实配享受这些），只是提醒别忘了更重要的东西，并没主张取消，属过度推断、与原文相反）；D 项（选项 drive one to bankruptcy 借预读就警惕过的极端词 bankruptcy 诱选，但录音只说快乐消失、账单难还（constant stress, tension, even fear about money），从未说会导致破产，是把后果夸大、过度推断），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 15 题：What does the speaker want to show by the example of the Chicago woman? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 15 题是推断题，正确答案 D）Small daily savings can make a big difference in one's life。答案句出自录音「One Chicago woman, for example, discovered that daily lunches with coworkers cost her $2000 a year; she decided to take lunch to work instead. "I now put $20 a week into my vacation fund and another 20 into retirement savings."」（比如一位芝加哥女士发现每天和同事在外吃午饭一年要花她两千美元，于是改成自己带饭；她说“现在我每周往度假基金里存二十美元，再往退休储蓄里存二十美元。”），靠for example 引例，例后承接全段主旨定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（daily lunches with coworkers cost her $2000 a year ↔ Small daily savings；put $20 a week into my vacation fund and another 20 into retirement savings ↔ make a big difference in one's life）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（选项 have daily lunch with one's colleagues 把录音原词 daily lunches with coworkers 直接搬来诱选，但她恰恰是“不再天天一起吃、改带饭”，选项却说成是好的社交方式，与原文相反）；B 项属原词陷阱（选项 Retirement savings should come first 借录音原词 retirement savings 诱选，但例子只是把省下的钱同时投入度假与退休两处，并未说退休储蓄要“排第一”，属答非所问、过度推断）；C 项（选项 saves 20 dollars a week 抓住录音数字 $20 a week 诱选，但录音是说她每周往度假基金存 20、往退休存 20，并非“每周省 20 就能负担一次度假”这种因果，属偷换概念、张冠李戴），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 16 题：What does the speaker say about negative emotions? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 16 题是态度观点题，正确答案 B）They are necessary in our lives。答案句出自录音「Feeling both positive and negative emotions is a natural part of being human. We might use the word "negative" to describe more difficult emotions, but it doesn't mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn't have them」（同时体验正面和负面情绪是人之常情。我们也许会用“负面”一词来形容那些更难受的情绪，但这并不意味着这些情绪是坏的、或我们不该有它们），靠转折 but 之后的纠偏表态定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（it doesn't mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn't have them ↔ They are necessary in our lives.；Negative emotions warn us of threats or challenges that we may need to deal with ↔ They are necessary in our lives.）。其余选项：A 项属与原文相反（They should be done away with. 的“该废除”正好是录音 we shouldn't have them（不该没有它们）的反面，方向相反；说话人是为负面情绪正名，A 取了相反极性）；C 项属未提及（They enrich our experience. 说负面情绪“丰富我们的体验”，听上去正面、像对的，但录音对负面情绪的说法是“预警、聚焦问题”，从未说它 enrich our experience，属无中生有）；D 项属与原文相反（They are harmful to health. 把负面情绪定性为“有害健康”，而录音明确 it doesn't mean those emotions are bad（不是坏的），还讲它有预警作用；D 取的是被说话人否定掉的负面定性），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 17 题：What happens to people whose negative emotions are out of balance? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 17 题是细节题，正确答案 B）They feel too overwhelmed to deal with life's problems。答案句出自录音「But too many negative emotions can make us feel overwhelmed, anxious, exhausted or stressed out. When negative emotions are out of balance, problems might seem too big to handle」（但是过多的负面情绪会让我们感到不堪重负、焦虑、疲惫或压力山大。当负面情绪失衡时，问题可能显得大到无法应付），靠条件词 When 直接复现题干前提定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（problems might seem too big to handle ↔ They feel too overwhelmed to deal with life's problems.；too many negative emotions can make us feel overwhelmed ↔ too overwhelmed）。其余选项：A 项属原词陷阱（stressed out 盗用了录音里真实出现的 stressed out，听到会想选；但 A 加的前提 even without any challenges in life（连挑战都没有也会）录音从未说，录音讲的是负面情绪“过多 / 失衡”才如此，前提被偷换）；C 项属偷换概念（They are anxious to free themselves from life's troubles. 说人“急于摆脱生活烦恼”，录音里 anxious 是“焦虑”的感受 anxious，并非“急切想做某事”，且“摆脱烦恼”这层意思录音根本没讲，属偷换概念加无中生有）；D 项属原词陷阱（exhausted 也盗用了录音的 exhausted，但 D 的前提 even without doing any heavy work（没干重活也累）录音没说，录音的因是负面情绪失衡而非体力活，前提被偷换），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 18 题：How do positive emotions affect us? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 18 题是细节题，正确答案 A）They expand our mind。答案句出自录音「Instead of narrowing our focus like negative emotions do, positive emotions affect our brains in ways that increase our awareness, attention and memory」（正面情绪不像负面情绪那样收窄我们的注意力，而是以增进我们的觉察力、注意力和记忆力的方式影响大脑），靠对比信号 Instead of 划清正负作用定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（increase our awareness, attention and memory ↔ They expand our mind.；help us take in more information, hold several ideas in mind at once ↔ They expand our mind.）。其余选项：B 项属过度推断（They prolong our lives. 说正面情绪“延长寿命”，录音在此处只说它增进心智、并提到使人 healthier（更健康），但从未说“延长寿命”，把“更健康”拔高成“延寿”属过度推断）；C 项属张冠李戴（They narrow our focus. 盗用了录音原词 narrowing our focus，听到会很想选；但录音用 Instead of 明确这是“负面情绪”做的事，正面情绪恰恰相反，C 把负面情绪的作用安到了正面情绪头上）；D 项属未提及（They lessen our burdens. 说正面情绪“减轻负担”，录音讲的是增进心智、容纳更多信息、表现更好，从未提到 lessen burdens，属无中生有），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 19 题：What does the speaker say about the skirt she is wearing now? 答案是什么？为什么选 B？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 19 题是细节题，正确答案 B）It came from a 3D printer。答案句出自录音「I had access to 3D printers. So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer, and I loaded the file on the printer. It just printed the pieces overnight... this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now」（我当时能用到 3D 打印机。于是我很快在电脑上设计了一条裙子，把文件传到打印机上。它连夜就把各个部件打印了出来……这就是我现在身上穿的这条裙子），靠原物回指 the skirt…right now 锁定答案句定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（It just printed the pieces overnight ↔ It came from a 3D printer.）。其余选项：A 项属张冠李戴（not easily breakable 借用了原文后面第4段讲"硬塑料很易碎"的 breakable 这一概念，但那是说纽约时装屋那两条裙子的材料问题，不是说她现在穿的这条裙子；把别处的属性安到本物上，张冠李戴）；C 项属未提及（represents the latest style 说这条裙子代表最新潮流，原文对这条裙子只讲了"3D 打印、连夜打印、组装"，从没说它是"最新风格"，属于无中生有）；D 项属答非所问（made by a fashion designer 利用了原文 I quickly designed a skirt"我设计"这一动作来诱选，但题干问的是裙子"怎么来的"，答案落在"3D 打印机打印"这一制造方式上；说"由时装设计师做的"绕开了"打印"这个关键，答非所问），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 20 题：When did the speaker start experimenting with 3D printing? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 20 题是细节题，正确答案 C）When she was studying at a fashion design school。答案句出自录音「So it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes. For my senior collection at fashion design school, I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home」（这并不是我第一次打印衣服。在时装设计学校做毕业作品集时，我就决定尝试在家里用 3D 打印整套时装系列），靠"不是第一次"+"在设计学校"回溯起点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（For my senior collection at fashion design school ↔ When she was studying at a fashion design school.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（just graduated from her college 说是"刚大学毕业时"，但原文 For my senior collection at fashion design school 明确是"还在设计学校做毕业作品"，是在校期间而非毕业之后，时间错位且原文也没说 college 毕业，属未提及 / 与原文不符）；B 项属张冠李戴（attended a conference in New York 把原文两处信息拼错：第1段她确实在 technology conference，第4段去过 New York，但那分别是"现在做这条裙子"和"实习"的事，都不是"开始尝试 3D 打印"的节点；选项盗用 conference 与 New York 这两个原词来骗"听到就选"）；D 项属原词陷阱（nine months ago 借用原文 I had only nine months 这个数字，但原文 nine months 是说"只有九个月时间去搞懂怎么打印"，是"时长"不是"九个月前参加时装秀"这个时间点，更没有"fashion show"一说，典型的数字原词陷阱），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 21 题：What was the problem with the material the speaker worked on at a New York fashion house? 答案是什么？为什么选 C？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 21 题是细节题，正确答案 C）It was hard and breakable。答案句出自录音「But I had a few problems with them. They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable」（但我对它们有些不满。它们是用硬塑料做的，所以非常容易碎），靠转折 But+problems+that's why 三重信号定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable. ↔ It was hard and breakable.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（difficult to print 说材料难打印，但原文讲这两条裙子的问题只在"硬、易碎、刮伤模特"，从没说"难打印"，无中生有）；B 项属原词陷阱（hard to come by"难获得"，原文对这材料的抱怨是"硬 / 易碎"，从没说它难弄到手；且 hard 一词与原文 hard plastics 的 hard 形近，易诱人误选）；D 项属未提及（extremely expensive 说材料太贵，但原文对这两条裙子材料只字未提价格，谈的是物理性质（硬、碎），属无中生有），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 22 题：What does the speaker say about Filaflex? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 22 题是细节题，正确答案 D）It marks a breakthrough in printing material。答案句出自录音「The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex, which is a new kind of printing material. It's strong, yet very flexible」（当我接触到 Filaflex 时，突破就来了——它是一种新型的打印材料，既结实又非常有弹性），靠强评价词 breakthrough 标记高光落点定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex, which is a new kind of printing material ↔ It marks a breakthrough in printing material.）。其余选项：A 项属偷换概念（the latest model of a 3D printer 把 Filaflex 说成"打印机的最新型号"，但原文明确它是 a new kind of printing material"打印材料"，材料≠打印机，把"材料"偷换成"机器"）；B 项属与原文相反（a plastic widely used in 3D printing 借原文"打印材料"概念，但原文说 Filaflex 是 a new kind of printing material"新型"且 strong, yet very flexible，从没说它是"被广泛使用的塑料"——"新型"与"广泛使用"恰恰相反，且第4段的 hard plastics 才是塑料、易碎，与 Filaflex 不是一回事，属偷换 + 与原文相反）；C 项属过度推断（gives fashion designers room for imagination 把 Filaflex 的意义拔高成"给设计师想象空间"，原文只说它 strong, yet very flexible 且能改字定制，没有上升到"想象空间"这一层，是凭可改字一步跨到抽象升华的过度推断），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 23 题：What does the speaker say about the problems facing small and medium sized enterprises? 答案是什么？为什么选 A？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 23 题是细节题，正确答案 A）They arise from the advances in technology。答案句出自录音「The purpose of today's lecture, as you have seen from the title and the abstract, is to examine in more detail the problems facing small- and medium-sized enterprises which arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology」（今天讲座的目的，正如你们从标题和摘要中看到的，是更细致地审视中小企业所面临的问题，而这些问题至少部分源于不得不去适应技术的飞速进步），靠定语从句 which arise from 给出问题来源定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology ↔ They arise from the advances in technology.）。其余选项：B 项属与原文相反（录音说讲座目的是 to examine in more detail the problems（更细致地审视这些问题），选项 They have not been examined in detail so far. 盗用了 examine in detail 几个原词，却把意思反过来说成“至今未被仔细审视”，与原文相反）；C 项属未提及（They are easy to solve with modern technology. 在原文中找不到依据，录音整体把这些问题描述为 particularly challenging issues for small- and medium-sized enterprises（对中小企业尤其棘手），与“容易解决”正好相反，属无中生有兼反向）；D 项属未提及（They can't be solved without government support. 里的 government support 录音通篇未提，说话人给的解决思路是创新思维与企业间分摊成本，而非依赖政府，属凭空捏造的条件），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 24 题：What does the speaker say about the technology industry? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 24 题是细节题，正确答案 D）It is intensely competitive。答案句出自录音「Now we all know that the technology industry is intensely competitive with new products being launched all year round as the various companies strive to compete with each other, rather than, say, once a year or every couple of years」（我们都知道，技术行业竞争极其激烈，新产品全年不断推出，各家公司彼此争相竞争，而不是说一年一次或每隔几年才出新品），靠对行业的直接概括 is intensely competitive定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（the technology industry is intensely competitive ↔ It is intensely competitive.）。其余选项：A 项属未提及（It is attractive to entrepreneurs. 录音从未提及 entrepreneurs，也没说行业“吸引人”，是凭空附加的属性）；B 项属张冠李戴（It demands huge investment. 张冠李戴：录音确实谈到成本高（this can be hugely expensive），但那是说小公司跟进技术的花费高，主语是小企业的处境，而非把“需要巨额投资”当成 technology industry 本身的属性来回答本题）；C 项属原词陷阱（It focuses on new products. 偷用了录音原词 new products，但原文是说“新产品全年不断推出”以体现竞争激烈，并非说行业“专注于新产品”，是听到 new products 就想选的原词陷阱），均可排除。
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 25 题：What is a practical solution to the problems of small and medium-sized businesses? 答案是什么？为什么选 D？
- 英语六级2016年12月第1套听力第 25 题是细节题，正确答案 D）Sharing of costs with each other。答案句出自录音「Well, there's a possibility that small groups of companies with similar requirements but not directly competing with each other—they could share the cost of upgrading in much the same way as, let's say, an intranet operates within large organizations. In fact, cost-sharing could be a very practical solution, especially in times of financial difficulty」（嗯，有一种可能是：需求相似但彼此并不直接竞争的小公司组成小团体——它们可以分摊升级的成本，就像内联网在大型机构内部运作那样。事实上，分摊成本可以是一个非常实用的解决方案，尤其是在财务困难时期），靠可行性措辞 practical solution / could定位。正确项是答案句的同义替换（they could share the cost of upgrading ↔ Sharing of costs with each other.；cost-sharing could be a very practical solution ↔ Sharing of costs with each other.）。其余选项：A 项属偷换概念（Cooperation with big companies. 盗用了原文 large organizations 这个原词制造干扰，但原文 large organizations 只是用大机构的内联网做类比，方案的合作对象是彼此需求相似的小公司，不是和大公司合作，对象被偷换）；B 项属张冠李戴（Recruiting more qualified staff. 张冠李戴：录音前面把 recruiting high quality staff 列为小企业面临的问题之一，而本题问的是解决方案；把“招优质员工”这个问题误当成办法，答非所问）；C 项属原词陷阱（In-service training of IT personnel. 拼用了录音里的 IT 与 trained 等熟词，但原文只把“留住已招募培训的员工”当问题提及，从未把“在职培训 IT 人员”作为解决方案提出，属无中生有的方案），均可排除。