2016年考研英语一真题 Section II Part A (4) One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good
Postgraduate · 来自 2016年考研英语一真题 · Section II Part A (4) · 阅读理解(四选一)

One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good

2016年考研英语一真题文章逐层精读

The Atlantic《大西洋月刊》2015 年 3 月 26 日一篇题为 One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good(逐步淘汰纸质版报纸的办法∶使之成为一种奢侈品)的文章。

本页是 2016年考研英语一真题 Section II Part A (4) 文章的精读视角页——这篇新闻报道全文 433 词、7 段,CEFR 难度 C1(C1 级在考研英语一文章中占 90%),作者立场为「客观中立」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他考研英语真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

7 段英文原文

以下为2016年考研英语一真题 Section II Part A (4) 的阅读理解(四选一)原文,共 7 段。左侧 P1–P7 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good

There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. "Sometime in the future," the paper's publisher said back in 2010.

Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing presses, delivery trucks – isn't just expensive; it's excessive at a time when online-only competitors don't have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.

Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.

Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. "Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them," he said, "but if you discontinue it, you're going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you."

Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. "It was seen as a blunder," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? "I wouldn't pick a year to end print," he said. "I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product."

The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping," Peretti said. "Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue." In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.

"It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. "But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive than less aggressive."

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

7 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2016年考研英语一真题 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    An Uncertain End to Print

    The Times will eventually end its print edition, but the timing remains uncertain.

    本段引出整篇报道的 strategic decision,即纸质版的未来命运。它把读者带入核心问题,为第二段说明停印的经济动因以及后文介绍 Peretti 的不同策略做好铺垫。

    抓住“终将停印、时间未定”
  2. P2

    The Economic Pressure to Abandon Print

    The costly and declining print business gives the Times strong reasons to move toward an online-only model.

    本段为文章提供了支持数字转型的 practical reasons,也构成后文建议的背景。正因为纸质业务成本高、需求弱、收入降,Times 才需要考虑 transition;但这些理由也为“不能贸然停印”的反方观点制造了张力。

    归纳成本、读者和收入三重压力
  3. P3

    A Warning Against a Hasty Shutdown

    Peretti warns that the Times should not eliminate print too quickly.

    本段把文章从“为什么应该放弃纸质版”推进到“为什么不能仓促放弃”。它引入 Peretti 这一关键发言人,为文章主旨中的 balancing digital transition with customer retention 提供第一层依据。

    锁定 but 后的反方警告
  4. P4

    Transition Carefully to Retain Loyal Readers

    The Times should pursue a careful digital transition because abruptly ending print could alienate loyal readers.

    本段明确了文章的核心平衡:Times 需要向数字化前进,但也要避免激怒最忠实的读者。它把前一段的笼统 warning 具体化为 customer retention 问题,并为下一段提出 Netflix 类比和涨价方案作铺垫。

    提炼“转型可以快,但不能骤停”
  5. P5

    Turning Print into a Legacy Product

    Peretti proposes keeping print as a higher-priced legacy product rather than setting a fixed end date.

    本段首次提出解决 Times 困境的具体商业模式:不急于彻底停印,而是通过涨价把纸质版变成面向少数忠实用户的 legacy product。这直接回应文章主旨中的“逐步提高价格并保留忠诚客户”。

    以“涨价保留、不定终期”为结论
  6. P6

    A Premium Model for Print Loyalists

    A progressively more expensive print edition could serve loyal readers while generating revenue, and the Times may already be adopting this model.

    本段详细说明 legacy product 如何运作,使上一段的抽象建议变成可执行的 business model。它还用 Times 当前价格进行验证,增强了报道的现实感,并强化文章主旨中的 premium print strategy。

    串联“忠实用户、涨价、增收”
  7. P7

    The Challenge of Adapting to Change

    Businesses must respond proactively to changing markets, although legacy companies face greater difficulty in doing so.

    本段以更宽泛的 management lesson 收束全文,说明 Times 的难题不仅是是否停印,也是 legacy business 如何在变化中主动调整。它最终强化文章主旨:既要推进 digital transition,又要通过策略性保留和定价维护客户价值。

    从纸质版问题上升到主动转型
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

7 道逐段细节自检题

针对2016年考研英语一真题这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 the end of The New York Times' print publication The New York Times

    What can be inferred about the end of The New York Times' print publication?

    • A It was scheduled to happen shortly after 2010.
    • B It had already been approved as an irreversible corporate decision.
    • C It is expected to happen eventually, but no definite timetable has been set.
    • D It depended entirely on readers' refusal to use digital news.
    • E It was dismissed by the publisher as an unrealistic possibility.
    • F It would occur as soon as online advertising exceeded print advertising.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    正确项完整保留了原文的双层信息:expected to happen eventually 对应 There will eventually come a day,no definite timetable 对应 Exactly when is a matter of debate 和 Sometime in the future。障碍在于选项没有机械复现原句,而是把发生趋势与时间状态压缩为一个 contrast structure。

    时态强度筛选 时间极紧时,直接用题干中的 the end of The New York Times' print publication 做“事件首尾扫描”,优先查看含有 cease、newsprint、when 的 第1段。随后不逐词翻译,只执行“确定性强度核验”:正确项必须同时匹配事件趋势与时间状态;任何具体年份、已批准或附加触发条件的表述都先排除。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 financially attractive abandoning print

    Why is abandoning print financially attractive to a newspaper?

    • A Online-only competitors are required to maintain the same delivery network.
    • B Print advertising has already become less profitable than mobile advertising.
    • C Readers are demanding more printed editions every week.
    • D It would remove costly infrastructure while print readership and revenue are declining.
    • E Printing presses have become cheaper than digital publishing systems.
    • F A newspaper can increase circulation by reducing its operating costs.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    该项准确整合支出端和收入端:costly infrastructure 概括 printing presses 与 delivery trucks,readership and revenue are declining 对应 readers migrating away 与 print revenue declining。障碍是原文信息分散在数个句子中,选项以 while 连接,要求考生完成跨句归纳,而非寻找单一原句。

    损益两栏法 先扫 financial 词簇而非逐句读:expensive、constraints、sales、revenue 会把你直接带到 第2段。随后用“损益两栏法”在脑中只记两栏,左栏为成本,右栏为需求和收入;正确项应准确覆盖原文形成的商业原因。只复述孤立信息或反转比较关系的选项应优先排除。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 Jonah Peretti immediate end

    What is Jonah Peretti's view of an immediate end to the print edition?

    • A He considers the print edition too profitable to change.
    • B He urges the Times to eliminate print before circulation falls further.
    • C He doubts that the Times has any print-related costs.
    • D He thinks BuzzFeed should launch a print edition immediately.
    • E He believes that eliminating it too quickly would be a mistake.
    • F He expects circulation to recover once print is discontinued.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    该项是 rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake 的准确同义改写:too quickly 对应 rushing,eliminating it 对应 eliminate its print edition。障碍在于段首先交代经营压力,容易使考生顺着商业常识推断人物支持立即取消;但人物的明确评价并非如此。

    四格立场核验 直接以 Jonah Peretti 为人名锚点锁定 第3段,并把视线压缩到包含 reporting verb 和评价词的部分。采用“人物—对象—速度—态度”四格核验法;正确项必须四格一致,偷换公司、虚构结果或改变速度限定的选项立即排除。

  4. 第 4 段 定位词 faster transition Under what condition

    Under what condition does Peretti consider a faster transition away from print sensible?

    • A The Times must stop printing before any digital investment is made.
    • B Only new readers should be offered access to the digital service.
    • C Loyal customers should be persuaded to abandon the newspaper immediately.
    • D The print business should remain unchanged until online revenue exceeds print revenue.
    • E The company should lower print prices to prevent complaints.
    • F It should not involve discontinuing print and upsetting the most loyal customers.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:F

    原文先表示 accelerate that transition would make sense,随后用 but if you discontinue it 指出 most loyal customers 会 really upset。正确项把这一限制准确概括为加速转型不应伴随停止纸媒并使忠实客户不满,没有加入 abrupt、immediate 等原文未使用的速度限制。

    建议限制三栏 用 faster transition 的核心词 transition 定位 第4段 后,立即扫描 only if、but if 等条件结构。采用“建议—限制—后果”三栏法:先确定建议对象,再核对限制和后果之间的关系。正确项必须忠实保留该条件边界,不得加入原文没有的速度、价格或收入门槛。

  5. 第 5 段 定位词 If Peretti ran the Times handle its print edition

    If Peretti ran the Times, how would he handle its print edition?

    • A He would keep it as a higher-priced legacy product rather than set a date to end it.
    • B He would immediately copy Netflix by ending print distribution.
    • C He would make the print edition free to broaden its audience.
    • D He would select a fixed year for a complete transition to digital.
    • E He would preserve print at its current price for all subscribers.
    • F He would replace streaming with a revived DVD-mailing service.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:A

    正确项完整对应两项直接表态:wouldn't pick a year to end print 和 would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product。障碍包括否定与肯定的组合:考生不能只抓 raise prices,也不能把 Netflix discontinuing DVD-mailing service 错嫁接到 Times;正确项必须同时体现“不定终止年限”和“提高价格并转为 legacy product”。

    主体行动截取 先以 If Peretti ran the Times 对应的假设结构锁定 第5段,再把不同公司对应的动作分开。使用“主体标签加行动截取”:只提取属于 Peretti 和 Times 的直接方案。正确项必须保持主体一致,并准确组合其肯定行动与否定行动。

  6. 第 6 段 定位词 loyal readers paying more

    Why might loyal readers accept paying more for the print edition?

    • A They believe that print subscriptions are cheaper than digital-only subscriptions.
    • B They may see the extra payment as support for a publication whose quality they value.
    • C They expect higher prices to guarantee more frequent delivery.
    • D They are unaware that the print edition costs nearly $500 a year.
    • E They want the publisher to stop investing in digital products.
    • F They are legally required to finance the newspaper's operations.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:B

    正确项对应 they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in,以及 if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping。它准确保留了心理机制:读者接受额外支付,不是因为不知价格更高,而是因为将其解释为支持 quality。障碍在于 extra payment 是对 overpaying 的委婉改写,support 则概括 helping sustain。

    价格动机配对 用 paying more 直扫 第6段 中的 overpaying、higher rate 和 twice as much,然后寻找与这些价格表达相邻的用户动机说明。执行“价格—动机配对”检索:正确项必须解释特定用户如何理解额外付费,而不能只复述价格数字或公司的收入结果。

  7. 第 7 段 定位词 market change principle

    What principle does Peretti suggest for businesses facing market change?

    • A Firms should protect every legacy business regardless of market conditions.
    • B Businesses without legacy operations should avoid taking risks.
    • C When old practices no longer fit changing conditions, firms should respond aggressively.
    • D Market changes matter only to companies that publish newspapers.
    • E A company should delay action until the world stops changing.
    • F Aggressive action guarantees that a legacy business will become profitable.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    正确项准确对应 things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes,以及 better to be more aggressive than less aggressive。它保留了条件 old practices no longer fit changing conditions 和结论 respond aggressively。障碍在于原文的 aggressive 是相对比较,不等于鲁莽行动;正确项使用 should 表达原则,但没有夸张为立即关闭所有旧业务。

    情境原则双栏 以 market change 定位到 第7段 后,直接寻找带有 should、better 或比较级的规范性判断。采用“情境—原则”双栏摘取法:先确定原则适用的情境,再记录相应行动方向。正确项必须同时匹配这两栏,且不能添加保证性结果或绝对适用范围。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

6 个意群的新闻报道骨架

按新闻报道 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 引出话题:纽约时报停印悬念

    这个 opening paragraph 开门见山地提出了 central topic:《纽约时报》终将 cease publishing 纸质版,but the exact timing 仍是 a matter of debate,publisher 在2010年给出的回应 vague 且模糊,为整篇 article 设置了 suspense。

    作为 news report 的 lead paragraph,它直接 introduce 了文章的 central issue,即纽约时报 print edition 的 future,为后文关于 strategic decision 的讨论搭建 foundation,引发读者对 when and how 的好奇。

    提出停印议题
  2. 停印理由:经济压力与读者迁移

    这个 paragraph 系统列举了 ditching print 的 multiple incentives:physical infrastructure 的 expensive and excessive costs,online competitors 没有同样的 financial constraints,readers 正在 migrate away,以及 print ad revenue 持续 declining,构成支持停印的 economic rationale。

    作为 background information 和 supporting evidence,这个意群为主旨中的 strategic decision 提供 context:why 纽约时报 faces 这个 dilemma。它呈现的 financial pressures 和 market trends 是 Peretti 后续 suggestions 的 underlying reasons,让读者理解 decision 的 urgency。

    支持停印论据
  3. 引入反方:Peretti的警告

    通过 adversative conjunction 'but',这段 introduce 了 BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti 这个 external expert,他提出 contrasting view:尽管 overhead high 且 circulation lower,rushing to eliminate print edition 会是 a mistake,形成和前段 economic rationale 的 sharp contrast。

    这个 pivot paragraph 是主旨的 turning point:从 why stop 转向 how to approach stopping。Peretti 的 introduction 标志着文章从 presenting problem 转向 exploring solution,他的 CEO identity 和 'mistake' 这个 strong word 为后续的 strategic suggestions 建立 authority 和 urgency。

    引入关键建议者
  4. Peretti的核心建议:渐进式提价策略

    这两段 elaborate Peretti 的 strategic advice:不要 waste time exiting print,但要 do it the right way——通过 accelerating transition 而非 abrupt discontinuation。他用 Netflix 的 DVD service 作为 analogy,最终提出 concrete solution:raise prices 让 print 成为 legacy product,每年 increase at a higher rate 来 generate additional revenue。

    这是主旨的 core content:Peretti 的 'gradually raising prices' strategy。两段通过 quotation, analogy (Netflix), 和 hypothetical scenario 完整 present 了这个 approach 的 rationale——balance digital transition 和 customer retention。这是文章的 substantive solution,directly address 主旨中的 strategic decision。

    提出渐进提价方案
  5. 深化策略:忠诚客户的心理机制

    这段 elaborate 提价策略背后的 psychological mechanism:most loyal customers 仍能 get their favored product,且会 feel like helping sustain quality。通过 'overpaying' 产生 contribution 的 emotional satisfaction,配合 annual price increases 来 generate revenue。文末指出纽约时报 already practicing this(七天版近$500),暗示 strategy 的 feasibility。

    这个意群 deepen 主旨中 'balancing customer retention' 的部分:不只是 keep customers,更要让他们 willingly pay premium 并 feel good about it。通过 reveal psychological drivers(helping, sustaining quality)和 current pricing evidence,这段 strengthen Peretti 的 strategy 的 practicality 和 effectiveness。

    阐述提价心理基础
  6. Peretti的反思:无历史包袱的优势与未来挑战

    作为 closing paragraph,Peretti 承认这是 'really hard thing' 且 Times 面临的 legacy business 是 BuzzFeed 没有的 'tremendous luxury'。但他 generalize 到更广的 context:当 market and world change,所有公司都会面临 things that don't make sense 的 situations,此时 'better to be more aggressive than less aggressive',将具体 case 升华为 universal business principle。

    这个 concluding sense group 既 wrap up Peretti 对纽约时报的 specific advice,又 elevate discussion 到 broader strategic philosophy。'More aggressive' 呼应主旨中的 'gradually raising prices' 而非 'abruptly discontinuing',同时通过 generalization 让文章 transcend single case,给读者 takeaway applicable to wider contexts。

    总结行动原则
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2016年考研英语一真题 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他考研英语文章。

  1. 锁定首段核心议题 P1 P2

    新闻报道的 lead paragraphs 通常会 introduce 核心议题。第1段 提出了 The New York Times 最终会 cease publishing 纸质版这个 future event,第2段 立即展开了 print 和 digital 之间的 tension,这种 setup 揭示了文章的核心 subject matter。

  2. 捕捉专家转折观点 P3 P4

    第3段 用 'but' 引入了 BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti 的 contrasting view,这是 narrative shift。新闻报道常用 expert commentary 来 introduce 核心 argument 或 solution,Peretti 的观点 'rushing to eliminate...would be a mistake' 直接 challenges 前文的 logical trajectory。

  3. 提取专家具体策略 P4 P5 P6

    第4段 到 第6段 详细展开了 Peretti 的 strategic advice:'raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product'。新闻报道的主旨不仅包含 problem identification,还常包含 proposed solutions。这个 multi-paragraph elaboration 表明这是文章的 focal point,而非 passing comment。

  4. 整合问题立场方案 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    将 第1段-2 的 background(Times 面临 print vs digital decision),第3段 的 core argument(不应 rush to eliminate),第4段-6 的 solution(gradual price increase 作为 legacy product strategy)整合起来,得出文章主旨是关于 strategic decision-making 的 balanced approach,既要 transition to digital,又要 retain loyal customers。

主旨信号词 mistake P3 legacy product P5 raise prices P5 loyal customers P4 transition P4

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

《纽约时报》面临印刷版未来的战略决策。BuzzFeed首席执行官乔纳·佩雷蒂建议逐步提高印刷版价格,为忠实客户打造高端传统产品,而非突然停刊,以此在数字化转型与客户保留之间取得平衡。
The New York Times faces a strategic decision about its print edition's future. BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti suggests gradually raising print prices to create a premium legacy product for loyal customers rather than abruptly discontinuing it, balancing digital transition with customer retention.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

4 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进考研英语高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • dwarf 使相形见绌;在规模上远远超过

    让我们把这些clues串联起来。首先,sentence structure告诉我们这是在描述print和digital sales之间的对比关系,而且是一种still existing的advantage。接着,paragraph logic显示作者在列举print的诸多disadvantages后,用让步语气承认了这一点remaining superiority。最后,morphological analysis提示我们这个词可能借用了size comparison的metaphor。综合这三条线索:这个动词应该表示'在规模上使...相形见绌',specifically指print ad sales的数额still significantly larger than其online and mobile counterparts,使后者appear small in comparison。

    对比结构中的三层语境推断
  • blunder 重大失误;愚蠢的错误

    现在让我们synthesize these insights。First,sentence-level contrast告诉我们这个词stands in opposition to 'foresighted',表示一种initially perceived negative quality。Second,business discourse context确认这是describing a strategic decision that was criticized。Third,phonological analysis暗示这个词carries connotations of clumsiness或awkwardness。将这三条线索combine起来:blunder应该指'严重的错误'或'失策',specifically是a decision or action that appears foolish or poorly judged at the time,though it may later prove otherwise。

    评价性词汇的对比-语境-音形三维推断
  • foresighted 有远见的;深谋远虑的

    让我们integrate these three analytical threads。From sentence logic,我们知道这个词describes a positive quality that与blunder形成对比。From situational analysis,我们understand这个quality specifically relates to正确预判未来趋势的能力,as evidenced by Netflix's successful pivot to streaming。From morphological breakdown,我们can literally parse it as 'fore-seeing',即seeing ahead of time。综合这些clues:foresighted describes someone or something having或demonstrating the ability to anticipate future developments and make wise decisions accordingly。它是对strategic wisdom and prescience的commendation。

    形态拆解加语境验证法
  • obsessed 着迷的;痴迷的

    现在让我们weave these insights together。句内semantic relationship告诉我们这个词describes those most loyal customers的state。段落论证逻辑显示这是a degree of attachment beyond ordinary loyalty,足以让人willing to pay significantly more。词形分析暗示这是一种consuming psychological state。综合起来:'obsessed with'应该表示'对...着迷'或'痴迷于...',describing a state where someone is intensely preoccupied with或excessively devoted to something,to the point where it dominates their thinking or behavior。在这个business context中,指那些对print newspaper如此passionate以至于他们constitute a dependable premium market segment。

    心理状态词的强度标定法
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

6 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 设问引导

    P1

    文章开篇就以一个 future-oriented question 引入核心话题:纸质报纸何时停刊。这种 rhetorical device 立刻 establish 了文章的 central tension——传统印刷媒体的 inevitable decline。通过引用 publisher 在2010年的模糊回答 'Sometime in the future',作者巧妙地 highlight 了这个 timing issue 的 uncertainty 和 complexity,为后文 Peretti 的建议铺垫了 discussion space。

    信号词 when whether how what if will there be a time remains to be seen is a matter of debate

    仿写: 当你想要 introduce 一个有争议的 business decision 或 industry trend 时,可以用一个 open-ended question 开头。关键是这个问题要 touch 核心矛盾,但不要立刻给出 definitive answer。比如写关于 AI replacing jobs 的报道,可以问:'When will artificial intelligence completely reshape the workforce?' 然后引用 industry leaders 的 ambiguous responses。仿写模版:'There will eventually come a day when [传统事物] ceases to [核心功能]. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of [争议点]. "[模糊时间表达]," [权威人士] said back in [具体年份].'

  • 对比手法

    P2

    第二段通过 stark contrast 来 illustrate 纸质报纸面临的 structural disadvantages。作者对比了 print infrastructure (printing presses, delivery trucks) 的 expensive 和 excessive nature,与 online-only competitors 的 lighter financial constraints。这种 juxtaposition 清晰地 demonstrate 了为什么 digital transition 看起来是 inevitable 的。同时,print ad revenue 虽然 still dwarf 其他渠道,但 declining trend 的事实进一步 reinforce 了这种 unfavorable comparison,为文章主旨中的 strategic dilemma 提供了 economic rationale。

    信号词 but while whereas in contrast on the other hand however compared to unlike at a time when

    仿写: 当需要 explain 为什么某个 traditional model 面临压力时,可以建立一个 systematic comparison:先列举传统模式的 heavy burdens (infrastructure, costs),然后 contrast 新兴竞争者的 lighter structure。使用 'isn't just... it's...' 这种 escalating structure 来 intensify 问题的严重性。最后用 trend data 来 seal the argument。仿写模版:'The infrastructure required to [传统做法]—[具体设施A], [具体设施B]—isn't just [负面形容词]; it's [更强负面形容词] at a time when [新竞争者] don't have the same set of [限制]. [受众] are migrating away from [传统] anyway. And though [传统优势] still [保持领先], [关键指标] is still declining.'

  • 引语运用

    P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    文章大量引用 BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti 的 direct quotes 来 present 核心观点和建议。从第三段开始,Peretti 的声音成为文章的 authoritative perspective。这些 quotations 不是 isolated statements,而是 logically connected:先指出 print 不应 waste time (第4段),然后用 Netflix example 来 support gradual transition strategy (第5段),最后提出 'raise prices' 和 'legacy product' 的具体方案 (第5段-6)。这种 extensive quoting 让文章具有 credibility,同时 Peretti 作为 digital media leader 的身份给建议增添了 practical weight,直接 serve 文章主旨中关于 strategic balance 的论述。

    信号词 says said remarked noted explained according to pointed out argues suggests stated

    仿写: 当报道 strategic decisions 或 industry debates 时,选择一个 credible expert 作为主要 voice source。关键是要 weave quotes seamlessly into your narrative:先用 reported speech 来 summarize 观点,然后用 direct quote 来 emphasize key phrases。确保 quotes 之间有 logical progression——从 general principle 到 specific recommendation。用 attribution verbs (says, remarked, explained) 来 vary 引语的 introduction。仿写模版:'[Expert] says [机构] shouldn't [行动], but only if they go about doing it the right way. "[具体建议]," he/she said, "but if you [错误做法], you're going to have [负面后果]."'

  • 数据引用

    P6

    文章在第六段末尾 strategically deploy 了一个 concrete figure:纸质版 seven days a week 订阅费用 nearly $500 per year,是 digital-only subscription 的两倍多。这个 specific number 不是 randomly mentioned,而是作为 Peretti 提出的 'raise prices' 策略的 real-world evidence。它 demonstrate 了 Times 已经在实践 premium pricing for print,这个 data point 既 validate 了 Peretti 的建议,也 reveal 了当前的 market reality。数据的 precision ($500) 和 comparison (more than twice) 让抽象的 pricing strategy 变得 tangible and verifiable。

    信号词 costs nearly more than $ % twice as compared to revenue price sales

    仿写: 当你 discuss pricing strategies 或 business models 时,找一个 representative figure 来 anchor your analysis。关键是 timing:在 theoretical discussion 之后 introduce data 来 ground the argument。使用 comparison 来 amplify the impact——不要只说价格,要说它是 'more than X times' 或 'nearly X amount'。确保数字的 specificity (nearly $500,而不是 about $500) 来 convey precision。仿写模版:'[Doing action] costs nearly [具体数额] a year—more than [倍数] as much as [对比项].'

  • 客观描述

    P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    整篇文章采用了 neutral, reportorial tone 来 present 不同的 perspectives 和 facts。作者没有 explicitly endorse 或 reject 任何观点,而是 let the facts and quotes speak for themselves。比如第二段 objectively enumerate print 的 disadvantages,第三段引入 Peretti 的 counter-perspective。这种 balanced presentation 体现了新闻写作的 objectivity principle。即使在 describing Peretti's suggestions,作者也保持 detached stance,用 'the idea goes' 这样的 distancing language 来 maintain neutrality。这种 stylistic restraint 让文章更像 analysis 而非 advocacy,符合主旨中关于 'strategic decision' 的 objective framing。

    信号词 according to reportedly data shows the fact is it appears evidence suggests studies indicate

    仿写: 当报道 controversial business decisions 时,构建一个 multi-perspective structure:先 present 一方的 logic (比如停刊的理由),然后 introduce 另一方的 counter-argument (比如 Peretti 的建议)。使用 attribution 来 distance yourself from opinions ('Peretti says,' 'the idea goes')。避免 evaluative adjectives 除非它们是 describing facts (expensive, declining) 而非 making judgments (wrong, brilliant)。仿写模版:'[现象描述] aside, there's [incentive/challenge] to [行动]. [Fact 1]. [Fact 2]. And though [让步], [转折].'

  • 背景交代

    P2

    第二段 comprehensively lay out 了纸质报纸面临的 structural challenges,为整篇文章的 discussion 提供 necessary context。作者 systematically enumerate 了 infrastructure costs、online competitors 的优势、readers' migration pattern,以及 revenue decline。这个 contextual foundation 让读者 understand 为什么 print future 是一个 urgent issue,也解释了为什么 Peretti 的建议是 relevant and timely。没有这个背景,后文的 strategic recommendations 会显得 disconnected from reality。

    信号词 aside context includes background historically previously traditionally the situation is given that considering

    仿写: 在 introducing 一个 strategic dilemma 之后,dedicate 一个完整段落来 establish context。使用 'aside' 或 'beyond' 来 transition from emotional factors to hard facts。然后 systematically list challenges,使用 parallel structure 来 maintain rhythm:'The infrastructure... isn't just X; it's Y. Readers are Z. And though A, B.' 确保每个 contextual point 都 relevant to 后文的 discussion。仿写模版:'[感性因素] aside, there's plenty of [理由] to [行动]. The [必要条件]—[具体A], [具体B]—isn't just [问题1]; it's [问题2] at a time when [对比情况]. [受众] are [趋势]. And though [让步], [转折事实].'

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

11 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 报纸停印时间的不确定性暗示决策困境

    P1
    Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. "Sometime in the future," the paper's publisher said back in 2010.

    模糊限制语 Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate a matter of debate somewhat to some extent arguably possibly potentially

    Publisher 在 2010 年给出的 vague answer 表明 Times 对 abandoning print 持 cautious attitude。这种 ambiguity 不是 lack of planning,而是反映 transition 的 strategic sensitivity:既要 acknowledge digital future,又要 avoid alienating print-loyal readers。对 article theme 的作用是 establish 整篇的 central tension:digital transformation 的 inevitability 与 legacy business 的 strategic value 之间的 balance。

  • 让步转折凸显纸媒劣势的同时暗示复杂性

    P2
    Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print.

    让步类 aside despite although while even though granted admittedly

    "Aside" 表面是 dismiss nostalgia,但 implication 是承认 emotional attachment 确实 exists 且 significant enough to mention。这为后文 Peretti 的 warning about "most loyal customers really upset" 做 foreshadowing。对 main theme 的 value 是:建立 rational case for going digital 的同时,subtle acknowledge 了 human factor 不能 completely ignore,这正是文章最终 solution(gradual price increase)要 address 的 core tension。

  • 转折词引出关键反对意见

    P3
    Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.

    转折类 but however yet nevertheless nonetheless on the other hand conversely

    这个 but 是 entire article 的 structural pivot。前两段 build up rational case for ditching print,但 Peretti 的 intervention 通过 but 引入 cautionary perspective。Implication 是:obvious solution 往往 oversimplified。对 theme 的作用是 introduce 文章的 core argument:transition 需要 strategic approach,不是 binary choice。这为后文 detailed solution(raising prices gradually)铺垫 logical foundation。

  • 条件句暗示策略执行的关键前提

    P4
    Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.

    条件限制类 but only if only if provided that on the condition that unless as long as contingent upon

    "But only if" 传递的 implication 是:hasty execution 比 maintaining status quo 更 dangerous。"The right way" 作为 undefined term,create suspense 并 direct reader attention 到后文的 具体 strategy。对 theme 的 contribution 是 shift focus from "whether to transition" 到 "how to transition",这是文章 thesis 的核心:process matters more than outcome。

  • 引用他人失误案例隐含风险警示

    P5
    "It was seen as a blunder," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted.

    对比类 It was seen as a blunder it was seen as perceived as appeared to be turned out to be proved to be in reality

    Netflix example 的 implication 不仅是 "bold moves can succeed",更是 preemptively address Times 对 customer backlash 的 concern。"Blunder" 这个 strong negative word 然后被 "foresighted" 反转,create rhetorical effect:short-term pain for long-term gain。对 theme 的作用是 provide psychological justification for Peretti's subsequent recommendation,降低 Times 对 upsetting loyal customers 的 fear。

  • 虚拟语气暗示理想化建议

    P5
    And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? "I wouldn't pick a year to end print," he said.

    情态词 if Peretti were in charge if I were if Peretti were would could might were to

    虚拟语气的 implication 是 Peretti 虽然 not in position to make decisions,但他的 expertise 赋予他 credibility to advise。"Wouldn't pick a year" 暗示 Times 可能 considering 或已有 definite timeline,而 Peretti 认为这是 strategic mistake。对 theme 的作用是 transition to 文章的 核心 solution:不设 deadline,而是 gradual price increase strategy,这是 entire article 的 climax。

  • 情感动词揭示客户心理机制

    P6
    they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,"

    情感诉求类 feel like believe in care about passionate about committed to devoted to attached to

    "Feel like you were helping" 的 implication 是 pricing strategy 本质是 psychological game:不是 justify value,而是 create meaning。Customer 不是 buying newspaper,而是 supporting institution。对 theme 的作用是 reveal Peretti 的 sophistication:他 understand transition 不仅是 financial problem,更是 relationship management,需要让 customers feel valued and purposeful even as they pay more。

  • 委婉表达掩盖策略的本质意图

    P6
    In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it.

    委婉表达 In other words in other words essentially put differently to put it bluntly basically in essence

    "In other words" 后的 restatement 的 implication 是:stop pretending print is for everyone,explicitly target fanatics。"Obsessed" 这个 strong word choice reveal 策略的 unapologetic elitism:print 变成 niche luxury product。对 theme 的作用是 crystallize entire argument into actionable insight:transition 不是 abandonment,而是 repositioning,从 mass product 到 premium offering for devotees。

  • 反问句式暗示策略已被采纳

    P6
    Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.

    推测性总结类 Which may be what the Times is doing already which may be perhaps possibly it appears that seems to be suggests that

    "May be doing already" 的 implication 不是 uncertainty,而是 diplomatic acknowledgment:Times 已在走 Peretti 建议的 path,文章是 articulate 而非 propose strategy。Price data 作为 evidence strengthen both Peretti's credibility 和 Times 的 strategic coherence。对 theme 的作用是 shift article from prescriptive advice 到 descriptive analysis,暗示 transition strategy 已 in motion,只是需要 more aggressive execution。

  • 自我对比凸显建议的普适价值

    P7
    It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business,

    对比类 It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have luxury that advantage that challenge that unlike in contrast to we don't have

    "Tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have" 的 implication 是 legacy 不是 pure liability。Peretti 用 self-deprecating tone 暗示 Times 的 print heritage 虽然 complex,但也是 competitive moat:loyal customers willing to pay premium。对 theme 的作用是 final reframe:article 不是 about escaping past,而是 leveraging it strategically。这个 ending 留下 ambiguous note:每个 organization 都会 face 类似 transitions,关键是 adapt without losing core strengths。

  • 情态动词强调主动性的战略重要性

    P7
    In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.

    情态词 it's better to be more aggressive than less aggressive better to should must ought to advisable to preferable to

    "Better to be more aggressive" 的 implication 是 err on side of boldness in disruptive transitions。这个 closing remark shift from Times-specific advice 到 universal business principle:when market fundamentally changes,incremental adaptation 不足够。对 theme 的作用是 provide ideological frame for entire article:不是 whether Times should keep print(it's inevitable to decline),而是 whether Times will manage transition aggressively enough to capture value from loyal customers before opportunity vanishes。这是 call to action disguised as analysis。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:客观中立

结论先行:本文作者态度为客观中立( Cautiously supportive of strategic print transition)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 引用主导还是作者主导 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    这篇 article 文章通过 quoting 引用 BuzzFeed CEO Peretti 的 views 观点来 discuss 讨论纸质媒体的 future 未来,而非 author 作者直接 advocate 倡导某一 position 立场,这种 reporting style 报道风格体现了 objectivity 客观性

  2. 情态动词的强弱程度 P3 P4 P5 P6

    文章中 Peretti 使用了 would、shouldn't、could 等 modal expressions 情态表达,而 author 作者在 relay 转述这些 views 观点时保持了 tentative tone 试探性语气,没有用 definitive statements 确定性陈述来 reinforce 强化任何 single direction 单一方向

  3. 正反论点的篇幅分配 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6

    文章 第2段 列举了 ditch print 放弃纸质的 incentives 动机(expensive infrastructure、declining revenue),但 第3段 immediately 立即 introduce 引入 counterargument 反方论点(rushing to eliminate 匆忙取消是 mistake 错误),这种 back-and-forth pattern 来回模式体现 balanced perspective 平衡视角

  4. 结尾观点的选择权 P7

    文章 第7段 以 Peretti 的 quote 引用结尾,强调 better to be more aggressive 更激进更好,这给予了 change-oriented perspective 变革导向视角 final prominence 最终显著性,显示 author 作者虽然 neutral 中立但 slightly sympathetic 略微同情 adaptation strategies 适应策略

  5. 中立中的微妙倾向 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    作者没有 explicitly advocate 明确倡导 immediate abandonment 立即放弃或 indefinite continuation 无限延续纸质版,而是 present 呈现了一个 pragmatic middle ground 务实的中间地带,这种 approach 方法本身就是一种 moderate endorsement 温和认可 of strategic thinking 战略性思考

文中的态度信号词

  • debate P1

    在 opening paragraph 开篇段落使用 debate 这个词 immediately establish 立即建立了 topic 话题的 contested nature 争议性质,signal 表明 author 作者将 present multiple perspectives 呈现多重视角而非 single authoritative answer 单一权威答案

    同类词 matter of debate discussion question controversy dispute

  • plenty of incentive P2

    使用 plenty of incentive 这种 acknowledging phrase 认可短语来 introduce 引入 pro-digital arguments 支持数字化论点,显示 author 作者 recognize 认可这些 reasons 理由的 validity 有效性,但 neutral tone 中立语气 suggest 暗示这只是 one side 一方 of the picture 图景

    同类词 good reasons strong rationale compelling arguments clear benefits valid points

  • would be a mistake P3

    这个 negative evaluation phrase 负面评价短语 introduce 引入 counterargument 反方论点,与 第2段 的 positive framing 正面框定形成 contrast 对比,显示 author 作者在 present opposing view 呈现对立观点以 maintain balance 保持平衡

    同类词 would be wrong shouldn't not advisable problematic ill-advised

  • says P3

    Neutral reporting verb 中立报道动词 says 反复出现,create distance 创造距离 between author 作者和 quoted opinions 引用观点,signal 表明这些是 Peretti's views 观点而非 author's endorsement 作者的认可

    同类词 said remarked noted stated commented

  • the idea goes P6

    这个 distancing phrase 距离短语 frame 框定后续内容为 someone else's reasoning 他人的推理而非 author's conviction 作者的信念,maintain 保持 reportorial distance 报道距离 throughout the explanation 在整个解释中

    同类词 the theory is the thinking goes the argument is the logic is the rationale is

  • may be P6

    Modal expression 情态表达 may be 引入 speculation 推测而非 assertion 断言,soften 软化 the statement 陈述使其成为 possibility 可能性而非 fact 事实,体现 cautious analytical tone 谨慎分析语气

    同类词 might be could be perhaps possibly potentially

  • In other words P6

    这个 clarification marker 澄清标记 introduce 引入 author's interpretation 作者的解读 of Peretti's strategy 策略,但 phrased as explanation 措辞为解释而非 evaluation 评价,maintain 保持 explanatory role 解释角色而非 judgmental role 评判角色

    同类词 That is to say Put differently To put it another way Essentially Basically

  • remarked P7

    Neutral reporting verb 中立报道动词 remarked 继续 maintain 保持 reportorial stance 报道立场,even in 即使在 conclusion 结尾部分,author 作者 still attribute 仍归因 ideas 想法 to source 来源而非 claim ownership 声称所有权

    同类词 observed noted commented mentioned pointed out

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇新闻报道

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他考研英语 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇新闻报道?

  1. 首段陈述具体事件 P1

    第一段直接陈述了 The New York Times 将 cease to publish stories on newsprint 这个 concrete event,并且引用了 publisher 在 2010 年的 statement。这是典型的 news reporting style,即 lead with facts,而不是像 argumentative essay 那样先提出 thesis statement,也不像 expository writing 那样先给 background definition。

  2. 频繁直接引语 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    文章中多次出现 BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti 的 direct quotes(如 "Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them"),并且每次都明确标注了 speaker。这种 heavy reliance on quotations 是 news reporting 的典型特征,因为 reporters 需要 present multiple perspectives 而不是 express personal views,这与 argumentative essays 的 author-driven opinion 形成鲜明对比。

  3. 转述他人观点 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

    从 第3段 开始,每段几乎都围绕 Peretti's views 展开,用的是 "Peretti says", "he said", "Peretti remarked" 等 reporting language。文章的 narrative flow 是在 present and explain Peretti's perspective,而不是 author 自己在 argue for or against 某个 position。这种 third-person reporting mode 明显区别于议论文的 first-person argumentation 或说明文的 neutral explanation without sources。

  4. 具体数据和背景 P2 P6

    第2段 提供了 print media 面临困境的 contextual information,包括 infrastructure costs, reader migration, declining ad revenue 等 specific factors。第6段 给出了 precise pricing information("nearly $500 a year")。这些 concrete details 和 industry context 是 news reporting 为了 inform readers about the broader situation,而不是像说明文那样 systematically explain a concept,也不像议论文那样 selectively use evidence to prove a point。

  5. 本文完全符合以上特征:开篇 announce 一个 ongoing issue(纸媒的未来),大量引用 industry expert Peretti 的 insights,提供了 industry context 和 concrete examples,且 author 保持 neutral reporting stance 而没有 explicitly advocate 某个 solution。这种 multi-source, fact-based, present-oriented 的写作模式正是 news reporting 的 defining characteristics。

哪些词暴露了新闻报道体裁?

  • The New York Times P1 新闻来源与引用词 the paper's publisher BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti Peretti says he said Peretti gives the example
  • back in 2010 P1 即时性时间与地点词 There will eventually come a day Sometime in the future at a time when each year
  • ceases to publish stories on newsprint P1 核心事实概括词 ditch print migrating away from print eliminate its print edition discontinuing its DVD-mailing service end print
  • said P1 新闻来源与引用词 says remarked gives the example according to
  • debate P1 核心事实概括词 incentive competitors constraints revenue mistake
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FAQ · 常见问题

关于 One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good 的常见问题

2016年考研英语一真题 Section II Part A (4) 文章 One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good 的原文出自哪里?
The Atlantic《大西洋月刊》2015 年 3 月 26 日一篇题为 One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good(逐步淘汰纸质版报纸的办法∶使之成为一种奢侈品)的文章。
2016年考研英语一真题文章 One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good 的主旨是什么?
《纽约时报》面临印刷版未来的战略决策。BuzzFeed首席执行官乔纳·佩雷蒂建议逐步提高印刷版价格,为忠实客户打造高端传统产品,而非突然停刊,以此在数字化转型与客户保留之间取得平衡。(英文表述:The New York Times faces a strategic decision about its print edition's future. BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti suggests gradually raising print prices to create a premium legacy product for loyal customers rather than abruptly discontinuing it, balancing digital transition with customer retention.)
One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good(2016年考研英语一真题文章)是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为新闻报道,作者立场是客观中立(Cautiously supportive of strategic print transition)。CEFR 难度 C1,全文 433 词、7 段;在考研英语一全部 102 篇真题文章中,C1 级共 92 篇(占 90%)。
2016年考研英语一真题文章 One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good 的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 7 段按新闻报道骨架分为 6 个意群:第1段——引出话题:纽约时报停印悬念;第2段——停印理由:经济压力与读者迁移;第3段——引入反方:Peretti的警告;第4段、第5段——Peretti的核心建议:渐进式提价策略;第6段——深化策略:忠诚客户的心理机制;第7段——Peretti的反思:无历史包袱的优势与未来挑战。
One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good 一文的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是客观中立(Cautiously supportive of strategic print transition)。判断路径:引用主导还是作者主导 → 情态动词的强弱程度 → 正反论点的篇幅分配 → 结尾观点的选择权 → 中立中的微妙倾向;文中的态度信号词包括 debate(第1段)、plenty of incentive(第2段)、would be a mistake(第3段)、says(第3段)、the idea goes(第6段)、may be(第6段)、In other words(第6段)、remarked(第7段)。
2016年考研英语一真题文章 One Way to Phase Out Newspapers: Make Them a Luxury Good 中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 4 个:dwarf(使相形见绌;在规模上远远超过)、blunder(重大失误;愚蠢的错误)、foresighted(有远见的;深谋远虑的)、obsessed(着迷的;痴迷的),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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