2017年考研英语一真题 Section I The Health Benefits of Hugging
Postgraduate · 来自 2017年考研英语一真题 · Section I · 完形填空(四选一)

The Health Benefits of Hugging

2017年考研英语一真题文章逐层精读

US News and World Report《美国新闻与世界报道》2016年2月3 日一篇题为 The Health Benefits of Hugging(拥抱的健康益处)的文章。

本页是 2017年考研英语一真题 Section I 文章的精读视角页——这篇说明文全文 278 词、4 段,CEFR 难度 B2(B2 级在考研英语一文章中占 7%),作者立场为「积极支持」;英文原文之外,本篇已有的 11 项精读维度逐项展开,其中能迁移到其他考研英语真题文章的判断方法(篇章结构、修辞、言外之意、作者态度、体裁速判)随各维度一并讲透。

精读最佳实践

本页解析里的段号(P1)都可以点——点一下,原文在顶部翻开并定位到该段,解析引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文,你还停在刚才读到的位置。点 P1 试试。

PASSAGE · 文章原文

4 段英文原文

以下为2017年考研英语一真题 Section I 的完形填空(四选一)原文,共 4 段。左侧 P1–P4 是段落编号——本页全部解析(结构、逐段、修辞、自检题)都以它为坐标回指原文,点击解析里的段号,原文即在顶部翻开并定位到该段、引用的原文同步标亮;合上原文仍停在当前阅读位置。原文保持卷面形态,不带翻译与标注。

The Health Benefits of Hugging

Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" Besides helping you feel close and connected to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a host of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you avoid getting sick this winter.

In a recent study involving over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs on the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being exposed to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come down with a cold, and the researchers calculated that the stress-reducing effects of hugging explained about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. Even among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe symptoms.

"Hugging protects people who are under stress from the increased risk for colds that's usually associated with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps generate the feeling that others are there to help in the face of difficulty."

Some experts attribute the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" because it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it remains in the brain, where it influences mood, behavior and physiology.

PARAGRAPHS · 逐段精读

4 段逐段主旨与解读

逐段拆解2017年考研英语一真题 的这篇原文——每段给出英文段落主旨、段落标题与中文解读,并提炼一条「这段为什么这样读」的具体方法。

  1. P1

    The Health Benefits of Hugs

    Hugs may promote health and help prevent illness.

    本段承担 introduction 的功能,先提出“拥抱能否让人更健康”这一核心话题,并给出肯定的初步判断;它为全文关于 stress reduction、immunity 和 cold prevention 的科学说明建立了阅读期待。

    抓住设问后的结论
  2. P2

    Study Evidence for Hugging's Protective Effects

    Research shows that hugs and social support reduce cold risk and severity.

    本段是全文的 evidence core,用具体研究验证首段提出的健康益处;它将“拥抱有益健康”的一般说法具体化为两项可检验的结果:降低 cold susceptibility 和缓解 symptom severity。

    对象变量结果三步读
  3. P3

    How Hugs Buffer Stress

    Hugs buffer stress by conveying intimacy and social support.

    本段承担从“研究发现”到“心理机制”的过渡作用:它说明拥抱之所以有健康保护效果,是因为它能削弱 stress 带来的疾病风险,并强化被支持的主观感受;这使全文论证更具逻辑深度。

    用专家解释串起因果
  4. P4

    Oxytocin: The Biological Link

    Oxytocin may explain how hugs improve health by promoting bonding and reducing stress.

    本段从 biological mechanism 层面完成全文解释,将前文的社会支持、亲密感和减压效果落实到 oxytocin 这一可能的生理基础;因此,它使文章主旨从“拥抱有效”进一步发展为“拥抱为何可能有效”。

    术语功能结果链
SELF CHECK · 段落自检题

4 道逐段细节自检题

针对2017年考研英语一真题这篇原文,每段配 1 道细节题( 1 个正确项 + 5 个干扰项 ,由懒笔记精读引擎基于本段命制,非试卷原题)。 选项默认中性;点「显示答案与解析」展开正确项、解析与最快解法,现代浏览器会同步高亮正确选项。

  1. 第 1 段 定位词 warm embrace winter

    What health benefit might a warm embrace provide?

    • A It serves as a replacement for professional medical treatment.
    • B It is the only way to stay connected with family members.
    • C It might contribute to the prevention of winter illnesses.
    • D It guarantees that people will never feel lonely in winter.
    • E It has been proven to cure all existing chronic diseases.
    • F It primarily focuses on improving physical strength.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:C

    该选项对应 avoid getting sick this winter。命题者把 avoid getting sick 改写为 contribute to the prevention of illnesses,同时保留 might 这一限定语气,因此在 meaning 与 certainty 两方面都符合原文。

    限定语气交叉定位 时间紧张时,先用题干中的 warm embrace 扫描 第1段,再利用选项中的 winter 完成交叉定位。判定时不必逐词翻译,只需比较 predicate:正确项保留了原文的可能语气,并把 avoid getting sick 改写为 prevention;含有 replacement、only、guarantee 或 all 的选项则明显超过原文强度。

  2. 第 2 段 定位词 Carnegie Mellon University less severe symptoms

    What did the Carnegie Mellon University study reveal about hugging?

    • A It can completely block the transmission of cold viruses.
    • B It is less effective than social support in reducing stress.
    • C The study included only participants who already had severe colds.
    • D It was associated with less severe symptoms among participants who caught a cold.
    • E Frequent hugs have no impact once a person gets sick.
    • F It accounted for the entire beneficial effect of social support.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:D

    原文指出,在患上感冒的人中,获得更多拥抱且感受到更多 social support 的参与者症状较轻。选项使用 was associated with,避免把 observational finding 夸大为确定因果,并保留 less severe symptoms 这一核心结果。

    机构加比较结果定位 先用 Carnegie Mellon University 直接锁定 第2段,再只扫描 result signals 和 comparative wording。无需处理所有实验过程,只需核对患病后的 outcome;正确项保留 less severe symptoms,并采用 associated with 这一谨慎关系表达,可快速排除含 completely、only、no impact 或 entire 的选项。

  3. 第 3 段 定位词 Sheldon Cohen under stress

    According to Sheldon Cohen, hugging helps people by ______.

    • A physically blocking the virus from entering the body
    • B increasing the physical strength of people under stress
    • C reducing the number of difficult situations people face
    • D proving that stress is the only cause of colds
    • E creating a sense of being supported during tough times
    • F making people more independent in the face of stress
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:E

    原文说拥抱能够 generate the feeling that others are there to help in the face of difficulty。选项用 creating 替换 generate,用 a sense of being supported 概括 others are there to help,并以 tough times 改写 difficulty,逻辑和语义均一致。

    观点语义类别筛选 通过 Sheldon Cohen 直接定位 第3段 后,不必逐句翻译,可先按 semantic category 给选项分类。原文解释的是心理感受和 interpersonal meaning,因此正确项应属于 sense 或 feeling 类表达;physical blocking、strength increase、situation reduction 和 absolute causation 均可快速排除。

  4. 第 4 段 定位词 oxytocin bloodstream

    What is true about oxytocin?

    • A It is produced only when mothers interact with babies.
    • B The entire amount of oxytocin is released into the bloodstream.
    • C It is primarily manufactured in the bloodstream.
    • D It is referred to as the 'bonding hormone' because of its color.
    • E Oxytocin has no influence on a person's behavior.
    • F It can affect both psychological states and physical functions.
    显示答案与解析 收起答案与解析

    正确答案:F

    原文指出留在 brain 中的部分会影响 mood、behavior 和 physiology。选项将 mood 与 behavior 概括为 psychological states,并将 physiology 概括为 physical functions,both...and 保留了原文的多维影响范围。

    绝对限定词反向核验 先用 oxytocin 锁定 第4段,再用 bloodstream 进入分布信息最密集的句群。无需平均核对六个选项,可优先检查 absolute qualifier:only、entire 和 no 都与段内的 example、some...some... 或 influence 结构冲突;随后确认正确项对 mood、behavior 和 physiology 作了不增不减的跨类别概括。

STRUCTURE · 篇章结构

4 个意群的说明文骨架

按说明文 的行文骨架切分意群,每个意群标注它覆盖的段落与对主旨的作用——逐段读完后回到这里俯瞰全篇,能看清作者为什么按这个顺序行文。

  1. 引出拥抱的健康益处主题

    这个opening paragraph通过rhetorical question的方式引出了hugging这个central topic,并且用"resounding yes"这种affirmative tone来establish主旨,告诉readers拥抱不仅能bring emotional connection,还有a host of health benefits,甚至might help avoid getting sick,这为entire article设定了the explanatory framework。

    作为说明文的introduction part,这个意群establish了the main claim,用engaging的方式present核心thesis,为subsequent paragraphs的detailed explanation和evidence做好铺垫,create reader interest并frame整个discussion的direction。

    提出拥抱有健康益处的核心观点
  2. 提供科学研究证据支撑观点

    这个意群present了来自Carnegie Mellon University的specific research作为empirical evidence,详细describe了study design(over 400 healthy adults),examine的variables(perceived social support和hugs),以及quantitative findings(32 percent beneficial effect,less severe symptoms)。这是典型的说明文evidence paragraph,用scientific data来support前面提出的claim。

    这个意群provide了concrete scientific backing,transform前面的general claim into credible assertion。通过present detailed research findings,它demonstrate拥抱如何reduce stress并lower cold susceptibility,用quantifiable results(32 percent)来make主旨more convincing和tangible for readers。

    用实验数据证明拥抱减压增强免疫
  3. 专家解读研究发现的机制

    这个意群通过quote Professor Sheldon Cohen的expert interpretation来explain拥抱如何work。它clarify了hugging作为intimacy marker的role,以及它如何generate the feeling of support,从而protect people under stress。这是从raw data transition到mechanistic understanding的bridge。

    这个意群deepen reader understanding by explaining the psychological mechanism behind前面提到的statistical findings。它connect empirical evidence to underlying process,help readers understand not just that hugging works,而且why it works,making主旨more comprehensible and memorable。

    解释拥抱通过亲密感减压的机制
  4. 揭示生理学层面的深层机制

    这个concluding意群dive into更deep level的explanation,introduce oxytocin这个biological mechanism。它explain这种"bonding hormone"如何be produced,它的physiological pathway(released into bloodstream和remains in brain),以及它如何influence mood, behavior and physiology。这provide了most fundamental level的mechanistic understanding。

    作为说明文的deepest explanatory layer,这个意群provide最fundamental的biological basis for所有前面提到的effects。它complete整个explanatory chain:从observable benefits到psychological mechanisms再到biochemical foundations,给readers最comprehensive understanding of为什么hugging有这些health benefits。

    揭示催产素的生物学作用机制
MAIN IDEA · 速判主旨

4 步定位这篇文章的主旨

不读完全篇也能锁定主旨——以下 4 步按2017年考研英语一真题 这篇原文的实际行文顺序给出,每步说明看哪里、看出什么,可直接迁移到其他考研英语文章。

  1. 首段核心问题定位 P1

    说明文的 opening paragraph 通常会提出一个 research question 或者抛出一个 surprising claim,比如这篇文章开头就用 rhetorical question 'Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?' 来引入 hugging 和 health 的关系。这种 lead-in strategy 直接揭示文章要探讨的 central issue

  2. 研究证据锁定 P2

    说明文的 body paragraph 通常会提供 empirical support。这篇文章第二段开头 'In a recent study' 明确引入了 Carnegie Mellon University 的 research,并给出具体的 findings:'social support' 和 'hugging' 能降低 cold susceptibility。这些 concrete data 和 research results 直接支撑首段提出的 hypothesis

  3. 机制解释提取 P3 P4

    第三段引用 expert quote from Sheldon Cohen,用 'notes' 引出专家的 interpretation。他的话 'Hugging protects people who are under stress' 直接呼应了第二段的 research findings,同时解释了 protective mechanism。第四段继续深入 biological explanation,提到 oxytocin 这个 underlying mechanism。这些段落将 phenomenon 和 mechanism 连接起来

  4. 三要素框架整合 P1 P2 P3 P4

    通过前三个步骤,我们提取了:topic (hugging), effect (reduce stress, boost immunity, prevent colds), mechanism (oxytocin release, social support)。说明文的主旨通常是这三要素的结合:what phenomenon + what effects + why it works。这篇文章完整呈现了 hugging → stress reduction & immune boost → fewer/milder colds 的 logical chain

主旨信号词 health benefits P1 stress-reducing P2 protects P3 oxytocin P4 less likely P2

MAIN IDEA · 主旨

这篇文章在说什么

拥抱通过减轻压力和增强免疫力提供显著的健康益处。研究表明,频繁的拥抱和感知到的社会支持能降低感冒易感性并减轻症状严重程度,这主要归因于催产素的释放,它能促进情感联结并减轻压力。
Hugging provides significant health benefits by reducing stress and boosting immunity. Research shows that frequent hugs and perceived social support lower susceptibility to colds and reduce symptom severity, largely due to oxytocin release which promotes bonding and stress reduction.
WORD INFERENCE · 生词推断

4 个生词的上下文推断

不查词典,只用文中线索推出词义——每个词给出推断出的释义与 完整推理链。已收录进考研英语高频真题词集的单词可点击进入词条页。

  • resounding 响亮的;明确的;彻底的

    现在我们把三条线索串联起来。首先,从 context 看,resounding 修饰的是一个 yes answer,且作者特意用它来强调;其次,从 word formation 角度,re-sound-ing 的字面意思是'反复回响的',声音回响代表响亮、清晰;最后,从 text structure 看,这个强烈的肯定答案与后文详尽的健康益处论证完全吻合。综合这三点,resounding 在此处的作用就是加强 yes 的程度,表示这个答案不是普通的肯定,而是非常响亮的、毫不含糊的、斩钉截铁的肯定。

    修饰词的三维定位法
  • embrace 拥抱;拥抱的动作

    让我们整合这三条 clues。First,从 semantic field 看,embrace 和 hug 出现在完全相同的 health benefits context 中;second,从 morphology 角度,em-brace 的构词含义是'使进入抱紧的状态',这正是 hug 的核心动作;third,从 discourse cohesion 看,文章在不同段落使用 embrace 和 hugs 来指代相同 concept,这是典型的 lexical cohesion strategy。综合判断,embrace 就是 hug 的正式或文学化表达,意思是拥抱。

    同义场追踪法
  • susceptibility 易感性;敏感性;脆弱性

    整合三条 evidence。从 immediate context 看,susceptibility to developing cold 与后文的 less likely to come down with a cold 形成对比,说明它表示某种'易于患病的程度';从 morphological structure 看,-ibility suffix 表示'性质或能力',整个词表达'易受影响的性质';从 discourse level 看,第三段用 increased risk 来 paraphrase 这个 concept,进一步确认 susceptibility 就是指一种'易感性'或'脆弱性'。综合判断,susceptibility 就是'易感性',指对某种疾病或影响的敏感程度。

    抽象概念具象化策略
  • intimacy 亲密;亲近;亲密关系

    综合三条 clues 进行推理。从 sentence structure 看,intimacy 与'他人在困难时提供帮助的感觉'是 parallel 的,都是 hugging 所 indicate 或 generate 的东西;从 thematic coherence 看,intimacy 属于文章反复讨论的 social connection 和 support 这个 semantic field;从 morphology 看,-acy suffix 表示一种 state or quality。将这些整合起来,intimacy 就是指人与人之间那种 close、supportive 的关系状态,也就是'亲密关系'或'亲近感'。

    语义场定位法
RHETORIC · 修辞手法

5 处修辞手法与仿写

每处修辞给出它在本文的具体用法、同类信号词清单与一份可直接套用的 写作仿写建议——读完能认,也能写。

  • 举例子

    P2

    文章在第二段通过 Carnegie Mellon University 的 research study 来 support 主旨。这个 study involving over 400 healthy adults 具体展示了 hugging 如何 reduce susceptibility to colds。通过 concrete example,作者让 abstract concept(拥抱的健康益处)变得 tangible and credible。这个 specific case 不仅 illustrate 了 stress-reducing effects,还用 quantified data(32 percent)来 demonstrate the beneficial effect,让读者能够 visualize 拥抱对 immune system 的 actual impact。

    信号词 In a recent study For example For instance A case in point Research shows Studies indicate One study found Researchers discovered Evidence suggests

    仿写: 当你想 support 一个 health-related claim 时,可以问自己:有没有 scientific study 或 research findings 能 back up this point?寻找那些有 specific numbers 和 clear methodology 的 studies。仿写模版:'In a recent study involving [participant details], researchers from [institution] examined [research focus]. The results showed that [specific finding with percentage/data], demonstrating [connection to main idea].'

  • 引资料

    P3

    第三段 quote 了 Sheldon Cohen 这位 professor of psychology 的 expert opinion。通过 direct quotation,文章 borrow authority from a credible source 来 reinforce 拥抱的 stress-reducing function。Cohen 的话不仅 explain the mechanism('marker of intimacy'),还 clarify how hugging works psychologically('generate the feeling that others are there to help')。这种 authoritative voice 让 argument 更 convincing,因为它来自 qualified expert in the field。

    信号词 notes according to says states explains points out argues observes comments emphasizes suggests

    仿写: 当你需要 add weight to your explanation 时,思考:哪个 field expert 的 perspective 能 support this point?寻找那些能 both explain the mechanism 和 provide insight 的 quotes。仿写模版:'[Action/concept] protects/helps [target group] from [problem], notes [Expert Name], a [title] at [institution]. [He/She] explains that [action] 'is a [definition/description] and helps [specific benefit].'

  • 作诠释

    P4

    第四段对 oxytocin 进行了 detailed explanation。作者不仅 introduce 这个 hormone 的 nickname('bonding hormone'),还 elaborate on its biological mechanism:它在 brain 的哪里 produced,如何 released into bloodstream,以及如何 remain in brain to influence mood。这种 step-by-step clarification 帮助 readers understand the physiological basis behind hugging's benefits。通过 interpret the role of oxytocin,文章 bridge the gap between observable effect(stress reduction)和 underlying biological process。

    信号词 attribute to because that is in other words meaning which means specifically put simply to clarify

    仿写: 当遇到 scientific term 或 complex mechanism 时,问问自己:如何 unpack this concept for general readers?可以用 nickname or analogy 开始,然后 trace the process step by step。仿写模版:'Some experts attribute [effect] to [mechanism/substance], often called '[descriptive nickname]' because it [basic function]. [Substance] is made/occurs [location/process], and [describe distribution]. But some of it [additional function], where it [specific influence on target].'

  • 列数字

    P2

    第二段精准地使用了 '32 percent' 这个 specific figure 来 quantify hugging 的 stress-reducing effects。这个 precise number 让 'beneficial effect' 从 vague impression 变成 measurable outcome。通过 numerical data,readers 能 concretely grasp 拥抱在 reducing cold susceptibility 中的 contribution proportion。这种 quantification 不仅 enhance credibility,还让 scientific finding 更 tangible and convincing。

    信号词 percent over 400 32 percent number rate ratio times fold approximately nearly

    仿写: 当你 present research findings 或 effects 时,想想:能否用 specific percentage 或 number 来 quantify the impact?不要满足于 'significant' 或 'substantial',而要寻找 actual data。仿写模版:'The researchers calculated/found that [factor] explained about [specific percentage/number] of that [effect/outcome].' 或 'The study involved over [number] [subjects], showing [quantified result].'

  • 下定义

    P4

    第四段为 oxytocin 提供了 clear definition:'often called the bonding hormone because it promotes attachment in relationships'。这个 definition 不仅 name the substance,还 explain its fundamental characteristic(promoting attachment)和 typical context(relationships, mother-baby bond)。通过这个 precise definition,readers 立即 understand why oxytocin 与 hugging's health benefits 相关。Definition 在这里 serve as foundation,让后续的 physiological explanation 更容易 follow。

    信号词 often called known as defined as refers to means is namely that is to say in essence

    仿写: 当 introduce technical term 或 important concept 时,立即问:这个 term 的 essential characteristic 是什么?为什么它 relevant to my topic?仿写模版:'[Term], often called '[descriptive label]' because it [core function], [additional context about where/how it functions].' 用 'often called', 'known as', 'defined as' 等 phrases 来 signal definition。

IMPLIED MEANING · 言外之意

4 处话里有话

作者没有明说、但靠信号词传递出来的态度与暗示——每处给出原文片段、信号词类型与解读。

  • 拥抱益处的反问式强调

    P1
    Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you avoid getting sick this winter.

    委婉表达 Believe it or not Surprisingly Interestingly It may seem strange, but Contrary to popular belief You might be surprised to learn Oddly enough

    这个 believe it or not 的言外之意是:拥抱能 prevent illness 这个结论听起来可能 far-fetched or too good to be true,但 scientific evidence 确实 supports it。作者通过这个 phrase 承认读者可能的 skepticism,同时 implicitly promising 后文会提供 solid proof。对文章主旨的作用是 create suspense 和 enhance credibility——通过 acknowledging 这个 health benefit 听起来 almost magical,作者让后续的 research findings (段落2的 Carnegie Mellon study) 显得更 convincing。这是一种 rhetorical strategy:先 lower expectations 再 deliver strong evidence,从而 maximize the impact of the main argument。

  • 拥抱效果的量化限制

    P2
    the researchers calculated that the stress-reducing effects of hugging explained about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.

    模糊限制语 about 32 percent about approximately roughly around nearly close to

    这个 about 32 percent 的言外之意是:拥抱对 stress reduction 有 statistically significant contribution,但不是 the only factor。通过使用 about 和明确的 percentage,研究者在说'我们 quantified the effect 但 acknowledge 其他 unmeasured factors 也在起作用'。这个 hedged statistic 暗示了 scientific humility——研究者不 claim hugging accounts for all benefits,只是 identified one measurable pathway。对主旨的作用是 add credibility to the health claim:与其说'拥抱完全 explain 了健康益处',不如说'拥抱 contribute 了可量化的 substantial portion',这种 measured tone 让整个 argument 更 scientifically sound 和 trustworthy。

  • 拥抱作为亲密关系的指示性作用

    P3
    Hugging is a marker of intimacy and helps generate the feeling that others are there to help in the face of difficulty.

    术语类 marker indicator signal proxy measure index manifestation

    这个 marker 的言外之意是:拥抱和 intimacy 之间的关系是 correlational and bidirectional 的。Cohen 教授没说'拥抱 creates intimacy',而是说它's a marker,暗示拥抱 both reflects existing intimacy and contributes to it。这个 careful wording 传递了 scientific caution——研究显示的是 association,而非 simple cause-effect。对文章主旨的作用是 add depth to the explanation:拥抱的 health benefits 不仅来自 physical touch 本身,更因为它 indicates and reinforces social bonds。这个 nuanced understanding 让主旨更 sophisticated——不是'拥抱直接 cure colds',而是'拥抱作为 social support 的 manifestation,通过 stress reduction pathway 来 enhance immunity'。

  • 催产素作用机制的复杂性

    P4
    But some of it remains in the brain, where it influences mood, behavior and physiology.

    转折类 But However Yet Nevertheless On the other hand In contrast Conversely

    这个 but 的言外之意是:催产素的 brain-based effects 比 bloodstream effects 更 crucial for understanding hugging's psychological benefits。作者用 but 来 pivot from 'what happens physiologically' (oxytocin in bloodstream) to 'what matters for the argument' (oxytocin in brain affecting mood and behavior)。这个转折暗示:虽然 systemic oxytocin release 重要,但真正 explain stress reduction and social bonding 的是 brain-resident oxytocin。对主旨的作用是 provide mechanistic depth——文章不只说'拥抱 release oxytocin so you feel better',而是 clarify that oxytocin's neurological effects on mood and behavior are the specific pathway linking hugs to health。这个 nuanced explanation 让整个 health benefit claim 更 scientifically grounded and persuasive。

AUTHOR ATTITUDE · 作者态度

作者态度:积极支持

结论先行:本文作者态度为积极支持( positive and supportive)。下面是按步骤还原的判断过程与文中的态度信号词。

  1. 开篇设问加肯定回答 P1

    在说明文中,opening paragraph 的 rhetorical question 加上 affirmative answer 是一个非常明显的 attitude indicator。作者用'Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding yes!'这种 pattern,直接表明了他对 hugging benefits 持 positive view。这种 rhetorical device 不是为了 question,而是为了 emphasize 作者想要 promote 的观点。

  2. 单向证据密集堆砌 P2 P3 P4

    作者在 第2段 详细介绍了 Carnegie Mellon University 的 research findings,在 第3段 引用了 psychology professor 的 quote,在 第4段 解释了 scientific mechanism。这种 accumulation of evidence 不是 neutral reporting,而是在 systematically building support for the claim that hugging has health benefits。说明文中,evidence 的 density 和 selection 反映了 author's intent。

  3. 正向评价词汇聚集 P1 P2 P3 P4

    文章中出现了'resounding yes'、'host of health benefits'、'warm embrace'、'beneficial effect'、'stress-reducing'这些 positively charged expressions。在 objective exposition 中,作者可以选择 neutral terms 比如'effects'或'results',但这里作者选择了'benefits'、'protective'这类明确 positive 的词汇。这种 lexical choice 在说明文中是 subtle but powerful indicator of author's stance。

  4. 三维信号交叉验证 P1 P2 P3 P4

    这篇文章的三个 indicators 完全 aligned:opening 是 enthusiastically affirmative,evidence 全部 support positive effects,language 充满了 positive evaluation。这种 consistency across multiple levels 说明作者不是在 neutral exposition,而是在 advocate for the benefits of hugging。在说明文阅读中,这种 multi-level consistency 是 strongest proof of author's attitude。

文中的态度信号词

  • resounding P1

    'Resounding'是一个 intensity amplifier,它把普通的'yes'变成了'响亮的是'。在说明文中,当作者用这种 emphatic modifier 来 strengthen 一个 affirmative answer 时,这表明作者不是 tentatively suggesting,而是 confidently endorsing。这个词的 connotation 是 loud、clear、unmistakable,传达了作者对 hugging benefits 的 strong conviction。

    同类词 emphatic definite unequivocal overwhelming strong

  • host of P1

    'Host of'是一个 quantity expression,但它不是 neutral counting,而是 positive exaggeration。在说明文中,说'a host of health benefits'比说'some health benefits'或'several health benefits'更能传达 abundance 和 richness。这个 phrase 的选择表明作者想要 emphasize 不仅有 benefits,而且有 many benefits,这是 favorable attitude 的体现。

    同类词 wealth of array of range of multitude of abundance of

  • beneficial P2

    'Beneficial'是一个 explicitly positive evaluative adjective。在说明文里,作者可以选择 neutral term 比如'effect'来描述 research findings,但用'beneficial effect'就是在 inject value judgment。这个词的使用表明作者不是 simply reporting what the research found,而是 interpreting 那个 finding as something good and desirable。在 academic writing 中,这种 value-laden language 是 clear indicator of author's approval。

    同类词 positive favorable advantageous helpful useful

  • protects P3

    'Protects'是一个 strong positive action verb with protective connotation。在 expert quote 中,Professor Cohen 说'Hugging protects people',这不是 neutral description 比如'hugging affects'或'hugging correlates with',而是赋予 hugging 一个 active、positive role。这个 verb choice 把 hugging personified 成一个 protector,传达了 hugging 的 power 和 value。作者选择引用这个 quote 而不是其他可能更 neutral 的 quotes,也反映了 author's intent to emphasize positive effects。

    同类词 shields guards defends safeguards preserves

  • warm embrace P1

    'Warm embrace'是一个 emotionally charged phrase with positive affect。在说明文中,作者可以用 neutral term'physical contact'或'hugging',但选择'warm embrace'就是在 add emotional color。'Warm'这个 adjective 带有 comfort、affection、positive emotion 的 connotation,它 primes readers to view the topic positively。这种 emotionally laden language 在 supposedly objective exposition 中的出现,是 author's positive attitude 的 clear marker。

    同类词 gentle touch loving hug caring gesture tender moment affectionate contact

GENRE · 速判体裁

30 秒判定这是一篇说明文

体裁决定读法与出题套路。以下判断步骤与标志词全部以本文为例,可直接迁移到其他考研英语 真题文章。

如何快速判断这是一篇说明文?

  1. 问答式开篇 P1

    第1段 开头用了 'Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?' 这个 question,紧接着 'The answer may be a resounding yes!' 来 answer。这种 Q&A structure 是 expository writing 的 typical feature。议论文会提出 controversial question 但不直接 answer,而是展开 argument;新闻报道则通常用 lead paragraph 直陈 facts,而非 question format。

  2. 研究证据支撑 P2 P3

    第2段 完整描述了 'a recent study involving over 400 healthy adults' 和 'researchers from Carnegie Mellon University' 的 findings,包括具体 statistics like '32 percent'。第3段 直接 quote 'professor of psychology' 的 explanation。这种 evidence-based presentation 是说明文的 hallmark。议论文虽然也用 evidence,但目的是 support argument;新闻报道会 report events 而非 explain mechanisms。

  3. 机制原理解释 P4

    第4段 专门 explain oxytocin 这个 mechanism:'Some experts attribute...to the release of oxytocin',然后详细说明 'where it is made', 'how it is released', 'what it influences'。这种对 underlying mechanism 的 detailed explanation 是说明文特有的。议论文不会花篇幅 explain mechanism,而会 focus on arguing a position;新闻报道只 report what happened,不深入 explain why。

  4. 客观解释目的 P1 P2 P3 P4

    整篇文章没有 author's personal stance 或 call to action,没有 controversial claims 需要 defend,也没有 news events 需要 report。The focus 始终是 explain 'what hugging does to our body' 和 'why it works'。Tone 保持 neutral and educational,用 'it turns out', 'research shows' 等 objective phrases。这与议论文的 persuasive tone 和新闻报道的 reportorial style 完全不同。

哪些词暴露了说明文体裁?

  • turns out that P1 事实揭示词 it appears that research shows that studies reveal that evidence suggests that scientists have found that
  • examined P2 研究过程描述词 investigated studied analyzed observed measured
  • the effects of P2 因果关系说明词 the impact of the influence of results in leads to causes
  • notes P3 专家观点引用词 explains states points out observes indicates
  • attribute...to P4 归因解释词 is due to stems from originates from is caused by is attributed to
  • often called P4 定义解释词 known as referred to as termed defined as means
SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

7 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

FAQ · 常见问题

关于 The Health Benefits of Hugging 的常见问题

2017年考研英语一真题 Section I 文章 The Health Benefits of Hugging 的原文出自哪里?
US News and World Report《美国新闻与世界报道》2016年2月3 日一篇题为 The Health Benefits of Hugging(拥抱的健康益处)的文章。
2017年考研英语一真题文章 The Health Benefits of Hugging 的主旨是什么?
拥抱通过减轻压力和增强免疫力提供显著的健康益处。研究表明,频繁的拥抱和感知到的社会支持能降低感冒易感性并减轻症状严重程度,这主要归因于催产素的释放,它能促进情感联结并减轻压力。(英文表述:Hugging provides significant health benefits by reducing stress and boosting immunity. Research shows that frequent hugs and perceived social support lower susceptibility to colds and reduce symptom severity, largely due to oxytocin release which promotes bonding and stress reduction.)
The Health Benefits of Hugging(2017年考研英语一真题文章)是什么体裁?难度如何?
体裁为说明文,作者立场是积极支持(positive and supportive)。CEFR 难度 B2,全文 278 词、4 段;在考研英语一全部 102 篇真题文章中,B2 级共 7 篇(占 7%)。
2017年考研英语一真题文章 The Health Benefits of Hugging 的篇章结构是怎样的?
全文 4 段按说明文骨架分为 4 个意群:第1段——引出拥抱的健康益处主题;第2段——提供科学研究证据支撑观点;第3段——专家解读研究发现的机制;第4段——揭示生理学层面的深层机制。
The Health Benefits of Hugging 一文的作者态度是什么?
作者态度是积极支持(positive and supportive)。判断路径:开篇设问加肯定回答 → 单向证据密集堆砌 → 正向评价词汇聚集 → 三维信号交叉验证;文中的态度信号词包括 resounding(第1段)、host of(第1段)、beneficial(第2段)、protects(第3段)、warm embrace(第1段)。
2017年考研英语一真题文章 The Health Benefits of Hugging 中有哪些值得积累的生词?
按文中出现顺序共 4 个:resounding(响亮的;明确的;彻底的)、embrace(拥抱;拥抱的动作)、susceptibility(易感性;敏感性;脆弱性)、intimacy(亲密;亲近;亲密关系),每个词的词义都可以由文中上下文线索推断得出。

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