2019年12月·第1套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What do we learn about Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence? 问的是这个对象本身是什么，不含 infer/imply 等推断信号，属于对原文客观信息的复述。

题干 What do we learn about Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence? 是一般疑问句的特殊疑问形式，主干 we learn，介词 about 引出宾语；无从句、无否定，结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  It is a robot that can answer students' questions. 把 Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence 当成了答疑机器人；可机器人其实是教授「为这门课」开发的助教 artificially intelligent teaching assistant，主体张冠李戴。

• B)✓ 正确
  • the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence↔a course designed for students to learn online
  • This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program.↔a course designed for students to learn online

  预判得到「在线学习的课程」，a course designed for students to learn online 把 the online class 与 students 学的对象拼在一起，是定位句的同义压缩。

• C)无中生有

  It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching. 把课程拔高成「彻底革新教学的高科技设备」，原文从未把课程描述成 device，更没有 revolutionize 的程度判断。

• D)偷换概念

  It is a computer program that aids student learning. 又把 Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence 当成辅助学习的电脑程序；原文中那个 program 实际上是 online Master of Science in Computer Science program（硕士项目），名同实异。

What problem did Professor Goel meet with? 问的是一个具体的、可在原文找到对应表述的客观事实，不涉及推断。

题干 What problem did Professor Goel meet with? 是带助动词 did 的一般过去时特殊疑问句，meet with 是固定搭配，意为「遭遇、碰到」，不是「会见」；结构无从句，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  His students were unsatisfied with the assistants. 说学生对助教不满，但原文只说助教「数量不够」that wasn't enough，没说学生对助教质量有意见。

• B)无中生有

  His course was too difficult for the students. 称课程对学生太难；可原文谈的是「问题多」而非「课程难」，整段没有任何 difficult/hard 字眼描述课程难度。

• C)✓ 正确
  • the overwhelming number of daily questions from students↔Students' questions were too many to handle.
  • that wasn't enough to deal with↔too many to handle

  预判「学生提问太多忙不过来」，Students' questions were too many to handle. 一字对一字落到这一矛盾上，无添加也无遗漏。

• D)张冠李戴

  Too many students dropped out of his course. 说很多学生退课；可第二段 Many students drop out of online courses 讲的是「网课普遍现象」而非 Goel 课程的实情，且更是 Goel 「想要避免」的后果，不是他眼前遭遇的 problem。

What do we learn about Jill Watson? 问的是关于这位虚拟助教的客观事实，可在原文找到直接对应的评价句，不需推断。

题干 What do we learn about Jill Watson? 与第 46 题同构，主干 we learn，介词 about 接对象；无从句、无否定，结构清晰。

• A)✓ 正确
  • Jill was able to answer the students' questions correctly 97% of the time↔She turned out to be a great success.
  • so advanced and realistic that the students didn't know she was a computer↔a great success

  预判「成果非常突出」，She turned out to be a great success. 用 turn out to be 表「最终证明是……」，把 97% 与 so…that 两条证据收束为一句总评，完全对得上。

• B)无中生有

  She got along pretty well with students. 表述的是人际相处融洽；原文只说学生分辨不出她是电脑，没说她和学生相处融洽。

• C)与原文相反

  She was unwelcome to students at first. 说她「最初不受欢迎」；可原文第三段说 The students were actually very positive about the experience.——学生反应是正面的，没有「不受欢迎」这一阶段。

• D)偷换概念

  She was released online as an experiment. 称她是被作为实验放到网上；原文只说 before releasing her to the online forums，没有称之为 experiment，且她已是反复迭代后投入实用的虚拟助教，「实验」定性偏离原文。

How did the students feel about Jill Watson? 问的是原文已陈述的事实性感受，不是要考生综合全文推断态度。

题干 How did the students feel about Jill Watson? 中 feel about 是固定搭配，意为「对……有何感受/看法」，about 不可丢；过去时点明问的是文中已发生的具体反应。

• A)与原文相反

  They thought she was a bit too artificial. 称学生嫌她「太人工」；可原文说的恰恰相反——学生分不出她是电脑，说明她不「显得人工」。

• B)与原文相反

  They found her not as capable as expected. 称学生觉得她「没预期那么能干」；可原文给出 97% of the time 的正确率，且学生 very positive about the experience，没有「不及预期」的表述。

• C)过度推断

  They could not but admire her knowledge. 说学生不得不钦佩她的知识；可原文学生「分辨不出真假」是认知层的描述，没有上升到「钦佩」的情感层。

• D)✓ 正确
  • couldn't tell it apart from a real human being↔They could not tell her from a real person.
  • the students didn't know she was a computer↔could not tell her from a real person

  预判「学生分不出真人假人」，They could not tell her from a real person. 与原文 couldn't tell it apart from a real human being 是教科书级同义替换，锁定为正确。

What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson? 直接问下一步打算做什么，原文应有明确计划句对应。

题干 What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson? 是一般现在时疑问句，plan to do 后接动词原形；with Jill Watson 是介词短语修饰整个计划；无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  Launch different versions of her online. 把「上线不同版本」当成下一步计划；可原文 Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums 描述的是「过去」的开发过程，不是下一步打算。

• B)张冠李戴

  Feed her with new questions and answers. 称下一步要喂她新的题与答案；可原文 they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers 是描述训练阶段已经做过的事，不是「下一步」。

• C)✓ 正确
  • to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum↔Assign her to answer more of students' questions.
  • 40% of all the questions↔more of students' questions

  预判「让她回答更多问题」，Assign her to answer more of students' questions. 把目标句的 take over 与 40% 改写成 assign her to answer 与 more，完全对位。

• D)无中生有

  Encourage students to interact with her more freely. 提到「鼓励学生更自由地与她互动」，可原文目标句完全围绕「她答更多比例的问题」，没有任何鼓励学生互动的表述。