2022年6月·第2套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What does previous research about social media reveal? 用 what...reveal 直接问研究揭示的事实，没有 infer/imply 等推断信号，是典型细节题。

题干主干 What does previous research about social media reveal? 结构平铺：what 作 reveal 的宾语前置，about social media 是修饰 research 的介词短语。无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • 82% of employees think social media can improve work relationships and 60% believe it can support decision-making processes↔Most employees think positively of it

  原文两条数据都是正面态度的多数比例，恰好对应预判中的"多数员工肯定它"，整段不含工作效率提升或工作时间被占用的客观数据，故锁定选项首字母为 A。

• B)偷换概念

  原文只说员工"认为"社交媒体能改善关系和决策，是主观看法；It improves employees' work efficiency 把这种看法说成了已被证明的客观事实，且把 work relationships 偷换成 efficiency。

• C)以偏概全

  It enables employees to form connections 把原文 improve work relationships 改成"建立联系"，并把"员工的看法"偷换成"它实际能够"，只触及关系一项却丢了决策，且把主观信念伪装成已证事实。

• D)无中生有

  原文只说员工 connecting with colleagues on social media, even during work hours，并没有给出"花费大量工作时间在上面"的程度判断；Employees spend much of their work time on it 凭空加上了"花费大量时间"的数量评估。

What did the author's own research find about social media? 用 what...find 问研究的客观发现，是典型细节题。

题干 What did the author's own research find about social media? 主语 the author's own research，谓语 find，about social media 是 find 后的话题状语。结构清楚，无陷阱。

• A)以偏概全

  原文 Social media doesn't reduce productivity nearly as much as it kills employee retention 已点明社交媒体并不显著降低生产力，所以"对工作产生负面影响"过于宽泛——它只在留任这一面有显著负面，工作本身（生产力、动力）并没有受到普遍负面影响。

• B)✓ 正确
  • Social media doesn't reduce productivity nearly as much as it kills employee retention↔It does much harm to employee loyalty

  not...as much as... 句式的语义重心在后半句"as much as"之后，定位句的论点核心是"对员工留任的杀伤更大"，恰好对应预判与首字母 B 的选项。

• C)张冠李戴

  原文第 2 段并未谈及对员工动力（motivation）的杀伤——动力一词出现在第 3 段，且第 3 段中社交媒体反而是"使员工 more motivated"。本选项把作者研究的核心结论说成"扼杀动力"，与原文位置和方向都不符。

• D)答非所问

  原文第 1 段提及社交媒体被员工认为 can support decision-making processes，主语是"员工的决策"，而非"雇主的决策"；本选项把"对雇主决策的影响"放进作者己研结论里，既错位也答非所问。

What did the author find in his study about the effect of online social interactions? 同样是 what...find 句式，问研究中的具体发现。

题干主干是 What did the author find，in his study 是状语，about the effect of online social interactions 是 find 的宾语介词短语，进一步限定要找的发现内容。结构略长，但层层并列，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  原文并未说"因人而异"或"每个员工不一样"，而是把员工按互动对象分成两类得出两种结果；It differs from employee to employee 把分类标准偷换成"员工个体差异"。

• B)无中生有

  原文 platforms like Facebook, Twitter, or LinkedIn 仅作为研究背景，没有把不同平台作为造成结果差异的原因；It tends to vary with the platform used 把背景信息硬升级成变量来源。

• C)✓ 正确
  • employees who engage in online social interactions with co-workers ... tend to be more motivated / when employees interact with individuals outside the organization, they are less motivated↔It has much to do with whom employees interact with

  原文两个分句除了对象不同（同事 vs. 外部人士）几乎所有别的条件都相同，结果却完全相反——这正是"效果取决于互动对象"的最直接证据，故锁定首字母 C。

• D)与原文相反

  原文恰恰已经测量出员工与外部人士互动会导致 less motivated and show less initiative，研究是给出了明确结果的，并不"难以衡量"。本选项与原文方向相反。

What problem was found with employees using social media for work? 用 what...found 问研究中发现的问题，仍是问客观事实。

题干 What problem was found with employees using social media for work? 是 what 作主语的被动疑问句：problem 与 what 共同作主语，be found 是谓语，with employees using social media for work 是介词短语修饰 problem。读不顺时把它倒过来想成 "researchers found what problem with these employees" 即可。

• A)无中生有

  原文第 4 段没有提到员工"是否表达内心想法"——只说他们关注其他组织、研究新公司、建立新人脉，这些都是外向行为；They seldom expressed their inner thoughts 把不存在的话题拉进来。

• B)✓ 正确
  • 76% of employees using social media for work took an interest in other organizations they found on social media↔Most of them explored new job opportunities
  • openness to new careers and employers↔explored new job opportunities

  76% 的覆盖面+关注新公司、研究新公司、建立新人脉、对新职业开放等多项行为同向叠加，正对应"多数人在物色新工作"，故锁定首字母 B。

• C)与原文相反

  原文第 3 段已说与同事互动会让员工 more motivated and come up with innovative ideas，本身就是合作意愿强；They were reluctant to collaborate with others 与之方向相反。

• D)与原文相反

  原文第 2 段已经否定 Social media doesn't reduce productivity nearly as much as it kills employee retention，社交媒体并未明显降低生产力；本选项却说"很多人最终生产力降低"，是把作者明确否定的结论又重新放回来。

What does the author suggest managers do to neutralize the retention risk? 虽含 suggest，但问的是作者明文给出的建议方案，原文必有对应句，仍属细节题。

题干主干 What does the author suggest managers do，managers do 是 suggest 后省略 that 的虚拟语气从句（suggest sb. do），to neutralize the retention risk 是表目的的不定式。难点在虚拟语气省略 that 的结构，主体考生易把 managers 看成全句主语。

• A)偷换概念

  原文动作是 recognizing employees' accomplishments（公开承认成就），不是"提拔"；Give promotions to employees for their accomplishments 把"承认"偷换成"提拔"，并丢掉了"通过社交媒体"这一关键媒介。

• B)张冠李戴

  原文是管理者借社交媒体 giving visibility to employees' success stories——动作发起者是管理者；Create opportunities for employees to share success stories 把动作主体换成员工自己分享，与原文恰好对调，且回避了"用社交媒体"这一关键媒介。

• C)✓ 正确
  • Managers can also use social media to directly reduce turnover(跳槽) intentions, by recognizing employees' accomplishments and giving visibility to employees' success stories↔Acknowledge employees' achievements through social media

  预判要求"用社交媒体表彰成就"中的动作与媒介两要素同时对齐，只有首字母 C 把"承认成就"与"借助社交媒体"都准确保留，其余选项要么换错动作、要么丢掉媒介。

• D)偷换概念

  原文是管理者 giving visibility to employees' success stories——是"让员工的事迹可见"，主导者是管理者；Encourage employees to increase their visibility on social media 把"被表彰的事迹"偷换成"员工的曝光度"，且把管理者的动作变成鼓励员工自己增加曝光，正好是文章想抑制的"个人外向行为"。