2020年9月英语六级真题第1套 Part II Section C (1)

作者在第6段通过列举 abolitionists（废奴主义者）、civil rights activists（民权活动家）以及 founding fathers（开国元勋）这些 historical figures 来 support 自己的 argument。这些 examples 都是被 history 证明的 positive radicals，它们共同 illustrate 了一个 pattern：当时被视为 radical 的人物，如今却成为了 heroes。这种 concrete evidence 让 abstract concept 变得 tangible，directly reinforces 文章的 central thesis，即 radical 这个 label 不应该被 fear，而应该被 embraced，因为 radicals drive progress。

信号词 for example for instance such as take...for example consider look at in fact specifically to illustrate case in point

仿写： 当你想 strengthen 自己的 argument 时，问自己：有哪些 well-known cases 可以 support 我的 point？选择那些 universally acknowledged 的 examples，确保它们 directly relate to 你的 thesis。建议采用 parallel structure 来 present multiple examples，比如"A were radicals; B were radicals; even C were radicals"这样的 pattern，能够 create rhythm 并 emphasize 你的 point。仿写模版：「Consider the following examples: [Example 1] challenged [norm], [Example 2] fought against [status quo], and even [Example 3] revolutionized [field]. These cases demonstrate that [your claim].」

第5段整段就是一个 rhetorical question："So why then is deviation from the present situation such a threat when the state of affairs itself is unstable and subject to relentless transformation?" 这个 question 并不 expect 读者给出 answer，而是用 questioning format 来 highlight 一个 logical contradiction。作者 points out 现状本身就是 constantly changing 的，那么 deviation 为什么会被视为 threat 呢？这个 paradox 通过 rhetorical question 的形式被 amplified，forcing readers 去 think critically about the irrationality of fearing change。这 directly serves 文章 thesis，因为它 exposes 那些 label others as radical 的人的 flawed logic。

信号词 why how what who isn't it don't we shouldn't can we do we really

仿写： 当你想 challenge 一个 widely held belief 或 expose 某个 contradiction 时，consider using rhetorical questions。关键是构造一个 question，其 answer 显而易见且 supports 你的 argument。结构建议："If [commonly accepted fact A], then why [contradictory practice B]?" 或者 "How can we [action] when [condition that makes action illogical]?" 确保你的 question 包含 contrasting elements 来 highlight the inconsistency。仿写模版：「Why should we [fear/resist something] when [condition that contradicts the fear/resistance]? If [premise A is true], how can [contradictory conclusion B] be justified?」

文章在多处运用了 contrast 来 strengthen argument。最明显的是第6段中 past perception versus present view 的对比：这些 figures 过去被 considered radical，现在却被 held up as heroes。此外，第1段和第6段形成 implicit contrast：第1段描述 people 如何 terrified of the term radical 以及如何用它来 silence others，而第6段展示 radicals actually drive progress and change history。这种 before-and-after、perception-versus-reality 的 juxtaposition 非常 powerful，因为它 demonstrates 人们对 radical 的 fear 是 misguided 的，those who were once feared 最终被 celebrated，这 directly supports 作者的 thesis that we should embrace rather than fear the radical label。

信号词 while whereas however in contrast on the other hand but yet conversely unlike rather than instead of

仿写： 要 effectively use contrast，首先 identify two opposing concepts relevant to your argument。可以是 past versus present、perception versus reality、或 conventional view versus your position。Structure 你的 contrast using parallel sentence patterns 来 emphasize the opposition，比如"X were considered A; now they are viewed as B"。确保你的 contrast serves a purpose beyond merely showing difference——它应该 reveal something significant about your argument。仿写模版：「While [common belief/past situation], the reality is [contrasting truth]. Those once labeled [negative term] are now recognized as [positive term], demonstrating that [your thesis].」

第3段中有一个 powerful metaphor："Without fear on which they feed, such stigmas can only die." 作者把 stigmas personified 为 living creatures that feed on fear。这个 figurative language 非常 vivid，因为它把 abstract concept of stigma 变成了 tangible、predatory entity。这个 metaphor implies stigmas 就像 parasites，they need fear to survive，一旦 cut off their food source（也就是 people's fear），它们就会 starve and die。这 directly relates to 文章 thesis，因为它 suggests 我们有 power to eliminate stigmas simply by refusing to be intimidated，这 empowers readers to take action。

仿写： 要 create effective metaphors，首先 identify an abstract concept you want to explain，然后 think of concrete, familiar things that share similar characteristics。关键是 choose 那些能 evoke strong imagery or emotions 的 vehicle（喻体）。不要 simply say"like"——commit to the metaphor by treating the abstract as if it literally is the concrete thing。Consider the implications：如果 stigmas feed on fear，那 logical consequence 就是 without fear they die。让你的 metaphor work through its logic。仿写模版：「[Abstract concept] feeds on [condition], and without [condition], it can only [consequence]. Just as [concrete thing] requires [element] to survive, [abstract concept] depends on [element] for its existence.」

第6段开头 explicitly states causal relationship："It all goes back to maintaining the power of those who have it and preventing the right of those who don't." 这个 sentence 解释了 why people fear and weaponize the term radical——the reason is power maintenance。作者 establishes clear cause-effect logic：labeling people as radical → silencing them → maintaining existing power structures。这个 causal chain 在第1段也有体现："Accusing individuals...serves to silence them...preserving the power"。这种 causal reasoning reveals the underlying mechanism of why radical 被 stigmatized，directly supporting 文章 thesis by exposing the ulterior motives behind the fear of radicalism。

信号词 because since as due to owing to results in leads to causes therefore thus consequently as a result stems from goes back to serves to

仿写： 构建 causal arguments 时，clearly identify both cause and effect，然后 explain the mechanism connecting them。使用 causal language explicitly，但更重要的是 demonstrate logical necessity：为什么 A 会 lead to B？Avoid oversimplification——acknowledge intermediate steps or contributing factors。建议使用 chain structure：A causes B, which leads to C, ultimately resulting in D。这种 extended causal reasoning 更 sophisticated and convincing。仿写模版：「[Action/Condition A] leads to [immediate consequence B] because [mechanism]. This, in turn, results in [ultimate outcome C], thereby [connecting to your thesis]. The root cause of [phenomenon] lies in [underlying reason].」

第6段运用了 powerful parallelism："Abolitionists were radicals; civil rights activists were radicals; even the founders of our country...were radicals." 这个 three-part parallel structure 通过 repeated pattern（[Group] were radicals）来 create rhythm and emphasis。这种 repetition 不仅 aesthetically pleasing，更重要的是它 accumulates force——每个 example 都 reinforces the same point，creating a sense of inevitability and universality。"Even" 这个词的 insertion 在第三个 clause 里 adds climactic effect，suggesting that 即使是 most respected figures 也曾是 radicals。这 amplifies 作者的 argument that being radical is not shameful but honorable，directly supporting the thesis。

仿写： 构建 parallelism 时，首先 decide on a basic structure，然后 repeat it with different content。确保 grammatical consistency——每个 parallel element 应该 follow the same syntactic pattern（same parts of speech, same verb tenses, etc.）。三个 parallel elements 是 classic choice（rule of three），但可以更多或更少 depending on your purpose。Consider adding variation in the final element（如 using "even" or "most importantly"）来 create climax。仿写模版：「[Example 1] + [repeated structure]; [Example 2] + [repeated structure]; [intensifier] + [Example 3] + [repeated structure]. [These examples demonstrate that thesis].」