懒笔记
EXAM · 来自 英语四级长篇阅读（信息匹配） · 2019 年 6 月 · 第 2 套 · 第 1 篇（36–45 题）

2019年6月·第2套 英语四级长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 · 36–45 题答案与解析

本页是 2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 的真题与解析页 —— 与试卷排版同一卷面：Directions 与 11 段共 973 词的字母标号长文（逐段附中文翻译），之后 10 句陈述（36–45，定位锚点强 10 句、弱 0 句，答案共命中 8 个段落）逐句排列，每句英文陈述后紧接本句解析（陈述句中译 / 信息所在段落 / 锚点强弱 / 定位句中英对照 / 陈述句与原文的同义改写 / 易混相邻段辨析），另附逐段主旨图。

STATEMENTS & ANALYSIS · 信息匹配题和解析

信息匹配题和解析 · 36–45 题

本页 36–45 题的段落匹配答案与逐句解析由懒笔记基于2019年6月·第2套 英语四级长篇阅读（信息匹配）原卷逐题核对整理。与试卷排版同一卷面：先是 Directions 与 11 段字母标号长文（逐段附中文翻译）；之后 10 句陈述逐句排列，每句英文陈述后紧接本句解析——陈述句中译、信息所在段落、锚点强弱、定位句中英对照、陈述句与原文的同义改写对照与易混相邻段辨析。

真题卷第2套(2019-06) • 四级
Part III Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18- to 34-year-olds
A)
Broad demographic(人口的) shifts in marital status, educational attainment and employment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new Pew Research Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives—where they call home. In 2014, for the first time in more than 130 years, adults aged 18 to 34 were slightly more likely to be living in their parents' home than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their own household.

婚姻状况、受教育程度和就业方面的广泛人口变化改变了美国年轻人的生活方式，Pew研究中心的一项新分析强调了这些变化对他们生活最基本要素——居住地——的影响。2014年,18至34岁的成年人与父母同住的可能性首次在130多年来略高于与配偶或伴侣住在自己家中的可能性。

B)
This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who are choosing to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the most common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether a spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.

这一转变主要是由35岁以前选择稳定恋爱关系的美国年轻人比例大幅下降所推动的。追溯到1880年,年轻人最常见的居住安排一直是与恋爱伴侣同住,无论是配偶还是重要的另一半。这种居住安排在1960年左右达到顶峰,当时62%的18至34岁美国人与配偶或伴侣住在自己家中,只有五分之一与父母同住。

C)
By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%). Some 14% of young adults lived alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member (such as a grandparent, in-law or sibling(兄弟姐妹)), a non-relative, or in group quarters like college dormitories.

到2014年,31.6%的年轻人与配偶或伴侣住在自己家中,低于住在父母家中的比例(32.1%)。约14%的年轻人独居、为单亲家长或与一个或多个室友同住。其余22%住在其他家庭成员(如祖父母、姻亲或兄弟姐妹)、非亲属家中,或住在大学宿舍等集体住所。

D)
It's worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with their parents was not at a record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32% in 2014). What has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.

值得注意的是,2014年与父母同住的年轻人总体比例并未达到历史最高。这种居住安排在1940年左右达到顶峰,当时约35%的18至34岁美国人与父母同住(相比之下2014年为32%)。相反,改变的是采用不同生活方式的相对比例,恋爱关系的减少使与父母同住在更加不统一的居住安排列表中位居首位。

E)
Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men aged 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2009. In 2014, 28% of young men were living with a spouse or partner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse or romantic partner (35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s) (29%).

在年轻人中,居住安排因性别而存在显著差异。对于18至34岁的男性来说,自2009年以来与父母同住一直是主要的居住安排。2014年,28%的年轻男性与配偶或伴侣住在自己家中,而35%住在父母家中。然而,年轻女性仍然更有可能与配偶或恋爱伴侣同住(35%),而非与父母同住(29%)。

F)
In 2014, more young women (16%) than young men (13%) were heading up a household without a spouse or partner. This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children. For their part, young men (25%) are more likely than young women (19%) to be living in the home of another family member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters.

2014年,更多年轻女性(16%)比年轻男性(13%)在没有配偶或伴侣的情况下持家。这主要是因为女性比男性更有可能成为与子女同住的单亲家长。就年轻男性而言,他们(25%)比年轻女性(19%)更有可能住在其他家庭成员、非亲属家中或某种集体住所。

G)
A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young adults living with their parents. The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adults may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of today's young adults may never marry. While cohabitation(同居) has been on the rise, the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since 1990.

多种因素导致与父母同住的年轻人比例长期增加。首先是婚姻的推迟,甚至是对婚姻的回避。初婚平均年龄几十年来稳步上升。此外,越来越多的年轻人可能完全避免结婚。Pew研究中心之前的一项分析预测,当今年轻人中可能有多达四分之一永远不会结婚。虽然同居现象有所增加,但自1990年以来,已婚或与未婚伴侣同居的年轻人总体比例大幅下降。

H)
In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s), and this is especially true of young men. Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18- to 34-year-old men were employed. Similarly with earnings, young men's wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory(轨迹) since 1970 and fell significantly from 2000 to 2010. As wages have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.

此外,就业状况和工资的趋势可能也促成了住在父母家中的年轻人比例的增长,这对年轻男性尤其如此。有工作的年轻男性比没有工作的年轻男性住在家里的可能性要小得多,而近几十年来年轻男性的就业率大幅下降。有工作的年轻男性比例在1960年左右达到84%的峰值。2014年,只有71%的18至34岁男性有工作。同样,年轻男性的工资(经通货膨胀调整后)自1970年以来一直呈下降轨迹,并在2000年至2010年期间大幅下降。随着工资下降,住在父母家中的年轻男性比例上升。

I)
Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to live at home. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected to be able to afford to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.

经济因素似乎较少能解释为什么年轻女性越来越可能住在家里。总体而言,自1960年以来,年轻女性在有偿劳动力市场上取得了越来越大的成功,因此可能越来越有能力独立于父母生活。对女性来说,婚姻推迟——这在一定程度上与男性的劳动力市场结果有关——可能更多地解释了她们住在父母家中比例的增加。

J)
The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated with an increase in young adults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net helping young adults to weather the economic storm.

大衰退(以及温和的复苏)也与住在家里的年轻人增加有关。最初在经济衰退之后,大学入学人数扩大,增加了住在家里的年轻人数量。鉴于年轻人面临的就业机会薄弱,住在家里是帮助年轻人度过经济风暴的私人安全网的一部分。

K)
Beyond gender, young adults living arrangements differ considerably by education—which is tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelor's degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36% of 18- to 34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelor's degree were living with their parent(s) while 27% were living with a spouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

除了性别之外,年轻人的居住安排因受教育程度而存在相当大的差异——这与经济能力相关。对于没有学士学位的年轻人来说,截至2008年,与父母住在家里比与恋爱伴侣同住更为普遍。到2014年,未完成学士学位的18至34岁年轻人中有36%与父母同住,而27%与配偶或伴侣同住。在大学毕业生中,2014年有46%已婚或与伴侣同住,只有19%与父母同住。拥有大学学位的年轻人在劳动力市场上的表现远好于受教育程度较低的同龄人,这反过来使他们更容易建立自己的家庭。

陈述句与逐句解析

36.
Unemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed.

失业的年轻男性比有工作的年轻男性更有可能与父母同住。

【答案】
H段（强锚点）
【锚点】

失业男青年 vs 已就业

【定位】
H 段

Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades.

已就业的男青年远不如没有工作的男青年容易住在父母家里，而且近几十年来男青年的就业率已经显著下降。

【改写】
  • Unemployed young menyoung men without a job

    前缀 un- 与短语 without a job 同义

  • the employedEmployed young men

    the + 形容词指代该类人 = 形容词修饰名词

  • are more likely to live with their parents thanare much less likely to live at home than

    比较方向反转 + live with parents = live at home

【辨邻】
  • K

    Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts 谈的是大学生 vs 非大学生的劳动力市场差异，并未给出"失业男青年比就业男青年更可能住父母家"这一对立陈述。

    Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households

37.
In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts.

2014年,18至34岁与父母同住的男性比例大于同年龄段女性的比例。

【答案】
E段（强锚点）
【锚点】

2014 男青年住父母家比例 > 女青年

【定位】
E 段

In 2014, 28% of young men were living with a spouse or partner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse or romantic partner (35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s) (29%).

2014 年，28% 的男青年与配偶或伴侣在自己的家里同住，而 35% 住在父母家里。然而女青年仍然更可能与配偶或浪漫伴侣同住（35%），而非与父母同住（29%）。

【改写】
  • the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents35% were living in the home of their parent(s)

    数字 35% 直接对应"男青年住父母家的比例"

  • that of their female counterpartsthey are to be living with their parent(s) (29%)

    female counterparts = 女青年

  • was greater than35% were living in the home of their parent(s)

    数字大小关系隐含在 35>29

【辨邻】
  • C

    31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%) 给的是全部年轻人的总占比，并没有把男青年和女青年的"住父母家比例"分别列出，不能用来支持"男 > 女"。

    By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%)

38.
The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three decades or so.

在过去三十年左右的时间里,已婚或与伴侣同居的年轻人比例大幅下降。

【答案】
G段（强锚点）
【锚点】

近三十年婚姻/同居比例大降

【定位】
G 段

While cohabitation(同居) has been on the rise, the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since 1990.

虽然同居率一直在上升，但自 1990 年以来，处于婚姻状态或与未婚伴侣同居的年轻人的总体比例已大幅下降。

【改写】
  • The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partnerthe overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner

    percentage ↔ overall share + 并列结构完全平行

  • has greatly decreasedhas substantially fallen

    副词 + 动词同义替换

  • in the past three decades or sosince 1990

    相对时间换算为绝对时间

【辨邻】
  • B

    This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household 描述的是"曾在 1960 年达到高点"，并未给出"自 1990 年起大幅下降"这一近三十年趋势。

    This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents

39.
Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-olds lived in their parents' home.

在20世纪中叶前后,只有20%的18至34岁年轻人住在父母家中。

【答案】
B段（强锚点）
【锚点】

20 世纪中叶 + 20% 住父母家

【定位】
B 段

This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.

这种居住安排在 1960 年前后达到顶点，当时全国 62% 的 18-34 岁年轻人与配偶或伴侣在自己的家里同住，只有五分之一住在父母家里。

【改写】
  • Around the mid-20th centurypeaked around 1960

    20 世纪中叶 ≈ 1960 年前后

  • only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-oldsonly one-in-five

    分数 one-in-five = 百分比 20%

  • lived in their parents' homewere living with their parents

    live in parents' home ≡ live with parents

【辨邻】
  • D

    peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds lived with mom and/or dad 给的是 1940 年的 35%，无论时间还是数字都与题干不匹配；它讲的是"住父母家比例"的峰值，与"五分之一"是反向的（峰值 vs 低值）。

    This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32% in 2014)

40.
Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.

拥有大学学位的年轻成年人发现独立于父母生活更容易。

【答案】
K段（强锚点）
【锚点】

大学学历 + 独立居住

【定位】
K 段

Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

拥有大学学位的年轻人在劳动力市场上的境遇远好于学历较低者，这反过来让他们更容易建立自己的家庭。

【改写】
  • Young adults with a college degreeYoung adults with a college degree

    原样复现

  • found it easier to live independently of their parentshas in turn made it easier to establish their own households

    establish their own households ≡ live independently of their parents

【辨邻】
  • H

    Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job 谈的是是否就业，而非是否有大学学位；题干特别强调 a college degree，与本段无对应。

    Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades

41.
Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.

年轻男性成为单身父母的可能性低于年轻女性。

【答案】
F段（强锚点）
【锚点】

男青年单亲少于女青年

【定位】
F 段

This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children.

这主要是因为女性比男性更可能是与子女同住的单亲家长。

【改写】
  • Young men are less likely to end up as single parentswomen are more likely than men to be single parents

    主语互换 + more/less 反转 = 同义

  • than young womenthan men

    镜像句的另一比较项

【辨邻】
  • E

    Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse or romantic partner (35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s) (29%) 给的是"与谁同住"维度的男女对比，没有任何关于"单亲家长"概率的男女对比。

    Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse or romantic partner (35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s) (29%)

42.
More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage.

由于推迟结婚,更多年轻成年女性与父母同住。

【答案】
I段（强锚点）
【锚点】

女青年 + 延迟结婚 + 住父母家

【定位】
I 段

For women, delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.

对女性而言，推迟结婚——这部分与男性的劳动力市场表现相关——可能在更大程度上解释了她们更多地与家人同住这一增长。

【改写】
  • More young adult women live with their parents than beforeyoung adult women are increasingly likely to live at home

    increasingly likely = 比以前更多

  • due to delayed marriagedelayed marriage ... may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home

    explain more of the increase ≡ 是其增长的（主要）原因

【辨邻】
  • G

    The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage 谈的是所有年轻人婚姻推迟，没有像 I 那样单独说"对女性而言，延迟结婚解释了更多"。

    The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades

43.
The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades.

与父母同住的年轻男性比例增长是由于他们近几十年来收入下降。

【答案】
H段（强锚点）
【锚点】

男青年 + 工资下降 + 住父母家上升

【定位】
H 段

Similarly with earnings, young men's wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory(轨迹) since 1970 and fell significantly from 2000 to 2010. As wages have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.

在收入方面也是如此，男青年的工资（经通胀调整后）自 1970 年以来一直处于下行轨迹，并在 2000 年到 2010 年间显著下跌。随着工资下降，住在父母家里的男青年比例随之上升。

【改写】
  • The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grownthe share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen

    percentage ↔ share + grown ↔ risen

  • due to their decreased payAs wages have fallen

    due to ↔ As + decreased pay ↔ wages have fallen

  • in recent decadessince 1970

    since 1970 涵盖近几十年

【辨邻】
  • K

    Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households 谈的是大学生 vs 非大学生的对比，没有把"男青年工资下降"与"住父母家比例上升"挂钩。

    Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households

44.
The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.

大学生数量的增加使更多年轻成年人与父母同住。

【答案】
J段（强锚点）
【锚点】

大学生人数上升 → 住父母家

【定位】
J 段

Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home.

起初在经济衰退之后，大学入学人数有所扩大，这壮大了住在父母家的年轻人队伍。

【改写】
  • The rise in the number of college studentscollege enrollments expanded

    enrollments expanded ≡ 大学生人数上升

  • made more young adults live with their parentsboosting the ranks of young adults living at home

    boost the ranks ≡ 使队伍壮大 ≡ 使人数变多

【辨邻】
  • K

    in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s) 给的是"大学毕业生独立比例高、住父母家比例低"，与题干所要的"住父母家更多"方向相反，不能作答。

    Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s)

45.
One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that they get married late or stay single all their lives.

年轻成年人与父母同住的一个原因是他们晚婚或终身单身。

【答案】
G段（强锚点）
【锚点】

晚婚 + 终身不婚

【定位】
G 段

The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adults may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of today's young adults may never marry.

第一个原因是结婚被推迟，乃至从结婚中退却。初婚平均年龄已持续上升数十年。此外，越来越多的年轻人可能彻底避开结婚。皮尤研究中心此前的一项分析预测，多达四分之一的当代年轻人可能终身不婚。

【改写】
  • One reason for young adults to live with their parentsA variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young adults living with their parents. The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage

    factors contribute to ≡ reason for + The first is X 把 X 标为一个具体原因

  • they get married lateThe average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades

    初婚年龄上升 = 结婚晚

  • or stay single all their livesas many as one-in-four of today's young adults may never marry

    never marry ≡ stay single all their lives

【辨邻】
  • I

    For women, delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home 没有提"never marry / 终身不婚"，且语境限定为女性，与题干"young adults"整体口径以及"or stay single all their lives"的并列结构不匹配。

    For women, delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home

PARAGRAPH MAP · 段落主旨图

11 个段落各讲了什么

逐段一句主旨 + 该段最具区分度的「信息指纹」，是逐句回扫定位的工作台。

  1. A

    总起：婚姻、教育、就业方面的人口结构变化，重塑了美国年轻人的居住方式；2014 年是 130 多年来 18-34 岁年轻人首次更可能住在父母家而非与配偶/伴侣一起。

    信息指纹 130 年与 2014 拐点

  2. B

    解释拐点成因之一：年轻人成家比例骤降；并给出 1960 年的历史峰值——62% 与配偶/伴侣同住，仅五分之一住父母家。

    信息指纹 1960 年峰值 62% 与五分之一

  3. C

    给出 2014 年各类居住方式的细分占比：与配偶/伴侣同住 31.6%，与父母同住 32.1%，独居/单亲/合租 14%，其余 22%。

    信息指纹 2014 年细分占比清单

  4. D

    澄清：2014 年住父母家的整体比例并非历史最高；1940 年才是峰值（约 35%）；真正变的是各种居住方式的相对占比，不再"一种独大"。

    信息指纹 1940 年峰值 35%

  5. E

    按性别看 2014 年差异：男青年住父母家 35%、与配偶/伴侣同住 28%；女青年仍更可能与配偶/伴侣同住（35%）而非住父母家（29%）。

    信息指纹 2014 性别对照 28/35/35/29

  6. F

    继续按性别拆：女青年更可能作单亲带孩子撑起一个家；男青年更可能寄居在其他亲属/非亲属家或群体宿舍中。

    信息指纹 单亲多为女、寄居多为男

  7. G

    原因之一：婚姻被推迟甚至放弃。初婚平均年龄持续上升，可能多达四分之一终身不婚；自 1990 年起，年轻人中处于婚姻或同居关系者的总体占比显著下降。

    信息指纹 1990 起婚姻/同居占比下降 + 四分之一终身不婚

  8. H

    原因之二：男青年的就业与工资双双下滑。就业的男青年远不易住父母家；男青年就业率从 1960 年 84% 降到 2014 年 71%；男青年实际工资自 1970 年起呈下行轨迹。

    信息指纹 男青年就业 84%→71% 与工资下行

  9. I

    女青年住父母家增多更难用经济因素解释；推迟结婚（部分与男性劳动力市场表现相关）才更能解释女青年留在父母家增加的现象。

    信息指纹 女青年 + 延迟结婚解释

  10. J

    原因之三：大衰退及温和复苏推动了住父母家。衰退之后大学入学扩大，使住父母家的年轻人数增多；就业机会差，住父母家成为他们度过经济风暴的"私人安全网"。

    信息指纹 大衰退后大学扩招 + 私人安全网

  11. K

    按教育程度看差异：无本科学历者 2008 年起住父母家已多于与伴侣同住；2014 年无本科学历者 36% 住父母家、27% 与伴侣同住；大学毕业生 46% 婚姻/同居、仅 19% 住父母家——学历高更能撑起自己的家。

    信息指纹 学历分层 + 大学毕业生独立

SENTENCE INSIGHTS · 句子精讲

9 句真题句逐层精讲

下列真题句各有独立的句子解析页——中文翻译、结构树逐层拆解、成分与时态、考点讲解与真题高频词。点击句子进入完整解析。

HIGH-FREQUENCY · 真题高频词

本篇出现的 82 个英语四级真题高频词

下列单词既在本篇真题中出现，又是 英语四级 历年真题的高频词（在该考试真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8）。每个词标注本篇 出现次数与该考试真题句频，点击可查看该词的释义、音标、词形与真题例句。

  • partnerB1n. 伴侣
    本篇12 次 · 真题 44 句
  • likelyA2adj. 很可能的
    本篇9 次 · 真题 224 句
  • spouseB2n. 配偶
    本篇8 次 · 真题 18 句
  • arrangementB1n. 安排
    本篇8 次 · 真题 11 句
  • householdB1n. 家庭
    本篇5 次 · 真题 33 句
  • lessA1det. 较少的
    本篇4 次 · 真题 224 句
  • decadeB1n. 十年
    本篇4 次 · 真题 99 句
  • romanticB1adj. 浪漫的
    本篇4 次 · 真题 19 句
  • laborB1n. 劳动
    本篇3 次 · 真题 35 句
  • employmentB1n. 工作
    本篇3 次 · 真题 16 句
  • wageB1n. 工资
    本篇3 次 · 真题 16 句
  • percentageB1n. 百分比，百分率
    本篇3 次 · 真题 15 句
  • significantlyB2adv. 显著地
    本篇3 次 · 真题 15 句
  • peakB1n. 山峰
    本篇3 次 · 真题 10 句
  • typeA2n. 类型
    本篇2 次 · 真题 97 句
  • factorB1n. 因素
    本篇2 次 · 真题 77 句
  • contributeB1v. 捐献
    本篇2 次 · 真题 74 句
  • genderB1n. 性别（社会文化意义上的）
    本篇2 次 · 真题 71 句
  • dueB1adj. 预期的
    本篇2 次 · 真题 62 句
  • economicB2adj. 经济的
    本篇2 次 · 真题 62 句
  • increasinglyB2adv. 越来越;日益;不断增加地
    本篇2 次 · 真题 53 句
  • nationB1n. 国家
    本篇2 次 · 真题 51 句
  • overallB1adj. 总体的
    本篇2 次 · 真题 39 句
  • statusB2n. 地位
    本篇2 次 · 真题 39 句
  • differB1v. 不同，有区别
    本篇2 次 · 真题 30 句
  • growingA2adj. 增长的
    本篇2 次 · 真题 29 句
  • decreaseB1v. 减少，降低
    本篇2 次 · 真题 28 句
  • additionA2n. 增加
    本篇2 次 · 真题 25 句
  • analysisB2n. 分析
    本篇2 次 · 真题 24 句
  • recessionC1n. 经济衰退
    本篇2 次 · 真题 18 句
  • counterpartC1n. 对应的人或物
    本篇2 次 · 真题 17 句
  • marriedA1adj. 已婚的
    本篇2 次 · 真题 16 句
  • momA1n. 妈妈
    本篇2 次 · 真题 16 句
  • employB1v. 雇用
    本篇2 次 · 真题 13 句
  • independentlyB2adv. 独立地
    本篇2 次 · 真题 12 句
  • financialB2adj. 财政的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 101 句
  • projectA2n. 项目
    本篇1 次 · 真题 90 句
  • averageA2adj. 平均的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 89 句
  • opportunityB1n. 机会
    本篇1 次 · 真题 89 句
  • declineB2v. 下降
    本篇1 次 · 真题 73 句
  • eventA2n. 事件
    本篇1 次 · 真题 66 句
  • generallyB1adv. 通常，一般地
    本篇1 次 · 真题 53 句
  • shiftB1v. 移动
    本篇1 次 · 真题 49 句
  • varietyB1n. 多样化
    本篇1 次 · 真题 47 句
  • boostB2v. 提高
    本篇1 次 · 真题 46 句
  • associateB2v. 联系
    本篇1 次 · 真题 45 句
  • educationalB1adj. 教育的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 45 句
  • mainlyB1adv. 主要地
    本篇1 次 · 真题 45 句
  • trendB1n. 趋势
    本篇1 次 · 真题 44 句
  • adoptB1v. 采纳
    本篇1 次 · 真题 41 句
  • femaleA2adj. 女性的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 37 句
  • previousB1adj. 先前的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 37 句
  • significantB2adj. 重要的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 36 句
  • expandB2v. 扩大;扩展;增长
    本篇1 次 · 真题 34 句
  • graduateB1n. 毕业生
    本篇1 次 · 真题 34 句
  • outcomeB2n. 结果
    本篇1 次 · 真题 31 句
  • meansA2n. 方法
    本篇1 次 · 真题 30 句
  • fuelB1n. 燃料
    本篇1 次 · 真题 28 句
  • relatedB1adj. 相关的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 28 句
  • establishB2v. 建立，创立（组织、机构、关系等）
    本篇1 次 · 真题 25 句
  • relativeB1n. 亲戚，亲属
    本篇1 次 · 真题 23 句
  • slightlyB1adv. 稍微，略微，轻微地
    本篇1 次 · 真题 21 句
  • greatlyB1adv. 非常
    本篇1 次 · 真题 20 句
  • adjustB2v. 调整
    本篇1 次 · 真题 18 句
  • implicationC1n. 可能的影响或结果
    本篇1 次 · 真题 18 句
  • transformB2v. 使彻底改变;使转变
    本篇1 次 · 真题 18 句
  • settleB1v. 解决（争端、问题）
    本篇1 次 · 真题 17 句
  • rankB2n. 等级
    本篇1 次 · 真题 14 句
  • unemployedB1adj. 失业的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 14 句
  • adulthoodB2n. 成年期
    本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句
  • broadB1adj. 宽阔的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句
  • primarilyB2adv. 主要地
    本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句
  • uniformB1n. 制服
    本篇1 次 · 真题 13 句
  • considerablyB2adv. 相当大地
    本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句
  • dramaticB2adj. 巨大的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句
  • highlightB2n. 最精彩的部分
    本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句
  • modestB2adj. 谦虚的，谦逊的
    本篇1 次 · 真题 12 句
  • elementB1n. 要素
    本篇1 次 · 真题 10 句
  • fareB1n. 车费
    本篇1 次 · 真题 9 句
  • netA2n. 网
    本篇1 次 · 真题 9 句
  • recoveryB2n. 恢复
    本篇1 次 · 真题 9 句
  • similarlyB2adv. 相似地
    本篇1 次 · 真题 8 句
VOCABULARY · 词汇难度分布

全文 243 词按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖

全文去重后共 243 个单词，按欧框 CEFR 等级统计。每根柱表示「该等级及以下」的累积占比（CDF），最右一柱为 100%。B2 以上（C1/C2）为高阶词，本篇共 8 个 · 约 3%。

每柱为「按 CEFR 等级及以下」的累积覆盖率（CDF）· 数据为全文去重词 243 个 · 末柱为 100%
去重总词数
243
B2 以上难词
3%
B1 及以下覆盖
85%
FAQ · 关于本篇的常见问题

常见问题

围绕本篇的答案段、来源、锚点构成、词汇难度与逐句定位，逐条给出可核对的答案。

2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇（36–45 句）的信息分别出自哪一段？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 是长篇阅读信息匹配题，共 10 句陈述（题号 36–45），需为每句找出信息所在的段落。各句答案段依次为 36 → H · 37 → E · 38 → G · 39 → B · 40 → K · 41 → F · 42 → I · 43 → H · 44 → J · 45 → G。答案段分布：B 段 1 句 · E 段 1 句 · F 段 1 句 · G 段 2 句 · H 段 2 句 · I 段 1 句 · J 段 1 句 · K 段 1 句。一段可对应多句、文中另有纯干扰段，单篇样本量小，分布不代表答题规律。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 的文章选自哪里？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 的阅读原文选自 2016年5月24日发表在 www.pewresearch.org(皮尤研究中心网站)上的一篇标题为“For First Time in Modern Era, Living With Parents Edges Out Other Living Arrangements for 18- to 34-Year-olds”(《现代社会,18至34岁年轻人与父母同住首次超过其他居住安排》)的文章。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 的 10 句里强锚点、弱锚点各有几句？
按锚点强弱分诊，2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 共 强 10 句 · 弱 0 句。强锚点句含唯一的数字、专有名词或独特术语，可凭指纹近乎直达对应段；弱锚点句只有满篇可见的高频泛词，需先压出主干命题、再靠语义比对与「辨邻」排除话题相邻段才能定位。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 的词汇难度如何？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 全文去重后共 243 个单词，按 CEFR 难度累积覆盖：A1 及以下约 40%、A2 及以下约 64%、B1 及以下约 85%、B2 及以下约 97%，B2 以上（C1/C2）难词共 8 个、约占 3%。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 出现了哪些英语四级高频词？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 全文出现 82 个英语四级真题高频词（这些词在历年英语四级真题中出现的句子数均不少于 8 句）。按本篇出现次数排在前的有：partner（本篇 12 次，n. 伴侣；配偶； 合伙人；合作伙伴； 搭档；同伴； 合作方；合作国 | v. 合作；搭档）、likely（本篇 9 次，adj. 很可能的；有希望的； 似乎合适的;看似可靠的 | adv. 很可能;大概）、spouse（本篇 8 次，n. 配偶）、arrangement（本篇 8 次，n. 安排；筹备； 协议；约定； 排列；布置； 改编曲）、household（本篇 5 次，n. 家庭；一家人 | adj. 家庭的；家用的； 家喻户晓的；众所周知的）、less（本篇 4 次，det. 较少的；更少的（修饰不可数名词） | adv. 较少地；更少地；不如 | pron. 较少的量；更少的东西 | prep. 减去；扣除 | n. 较少的事物；次要的东西）、decade（本篇 4 次，n. 十年）、romantic（本篇 4 次，adj. 浪漫的；富有情调的； 不切实际的；空想的； 浪漫主义的；传奇式的； 风景优美的；富有诗意的 | n. 浪漫的人；富于幻想的人）。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 36. Unemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 36 句的信息出自 H 段（强锚点句）。H 段定位句为「Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades.」（已就业的男青年远不如没有工作的男青年容易住在父母家里，而且近几十年来男青年的就业率已经显著下降。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（Unemployed young men ↔ young men without a job；the employed ↔ Employed young men；are more likely to live with their parents than ↔ are much less likely to live at home than）。与之话题相邻的 K 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 37. In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 37 句的信息出自 E 段（强锚点句）。E 段定位句为「In 2014, 28% of young men were living with a spouse or partner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse or romantic partner (35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s) (29%).」（2014 年，28% 的男青年与配偶或伴侣在自己的家里同住，而 35% 住在父母家里。然而女青年仍然更可能与配偶或浪漫伴侣同住（35%），而非与父母同住（29%）。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents ↔ 35% were living in the home of their parent(s)；that of their female counterparts ↔ they are to be living with their parent(s) (29%)；was greater than ↔ 35% were living in the home of their parent(s)）。与之话题相邻的 C 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 38. The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three decades or so. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 38 句的信息出自 G 段（强锚点句）。G 段定位句为「While cohabitation(同居) has been on the rise, the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since 1990.」（虽然同居率一直在上升，但自 1990 年以来，处于婚姻状态或与未婚伴侣同居的年轻人的总体比例已大幅下降。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner ↔ the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner；has greatly decreased ↔ has substantially fallen；in the past three decades or so ↔ since 1990）。与之话题相邻的 B 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 39. Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-olds lived in their parents' home. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 39 句的信息出自 B 段（强锚点句）。B 段定位句为「This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation's 18- to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.」（这种居住安排在 1960 年前后达到顶点，当时全国 62% 的 18-34 岁年轻人与配偶或伴侣在自己的家里同住，只有五分之一住在父母家里。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（Around the mid-20th century ↔ peaked around 1960；only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-olds ↔ only one-in-five；lived in their parents' home ↔ were living with their parents）。与之话题相邻的 D 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 40. Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 40 句的信息出自 K 段（强锚点句）。K 段定位句为「Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.」（拥有大学学位的年轻人在劳动力市场上的境遇远好于学历较低者，这反过来让他们更容易建立自己的家庭。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（Young adults with a college degree ↔ Young adults with a college degree；found it easier to live independently of their parents ↔ has in turn made it easier to establish their own households）。与之话题相邻的 H 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 41. Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 41 句的信息出自 F 段（强锚点句）。F 段定位句为「This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children.」（这主要是因为女性比男性更可能是与子女同住的单亲家长。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（Young men are less likely to end up as single parents ↔ women are more likely than men to be single parents；than young women ↔ than men）。与之话题相邻的 E 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 42. More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 42 句的信息出自 I 段（强锚点句）。I 段定位句为「For women, delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.」（对女性而言，推迟结婚——这部分与男性的劳动力市场表现相关——可能在更大程度上解释了她们更多地与家人同住这一增长。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（More young adult women live with their parents than before ↔ young adult women are increasingly likely to live at home；due to delayed marriage ↔ delayed marriage ... may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home）。与之话题相邻的 G 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 43. The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 43 句的信息出自 H 段（强锚点句）。H 段定位句为「Similarly with earnings, young men's wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory(轨迹) since 1970 and fell significantly from 2000 to 2010. As wages have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.」（在收入方面也是如此，男青年的工资（经通胀调整后）自 1970 年以来一直处于下行轨迹，并在 2000 年到 2010 年间显著下跌。随着工资下降，住在父母家里的男青年比例随之上升。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown ↔ the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen；due to their decreased pay ↔ As wages have fallen；in recent decades ↔ since 1970）。与之话题相邻的 K 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 44. The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 44 句的信息出自 J 段（强锚点句）。J 段定位句为「Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home.」（起初在经济衰退之后，大学入学人数有所扩大，这壮大了住在父母家的年轻人队伍。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（The rise in the number of college students ↔ college enrollments expanded；made more young adults live with their parents ↔ boosting the ranks of young adults living at home）。与之话题相邻的 K 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 45. One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that they get married late or stay single all their lives. 这句陈述的信息出自第几段？为什么？
2019年6月英语四级真题第2套 长篇阅读（信息匹配） 第 1 篇 第 45 句的信息出自 G 段（强锚点句）。G 段定位句为「The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adults may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of today's young adults may never marry.」（第一个原因是结婚被推迟，乃至从结婚中退却。初婚平均年龄已持续上升数十年。此外，越来越多的年轻人可能彻底避开结婚。皮尤研究中心此前的一项分析预测，多达四分之一的当代年轻人可能终身不婚。）。陈述句是对原文的同义改写（One reason for young adults to live with their parents ↔ A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young adults living with their parents. The first is the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage；they get married late ↔ The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades；or stay single all their lives ↔ as many as one-in-four of today's young adults may never marry）。与之话题相邻的 I 段虽含相近关键词，但并非该信息的真正出处，需逐一排除。

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