2022年12月·第2套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

题干 What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat? 用 say 引出作者明确表态的内容，不是让考生自行推断。

题干 What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat? 主干是 What does the author say，宾语从句省略了 that，从句里 is remarkable about the fish we eat 又内嵌一个省略 that 的定语从句 we eat修饰 fish。结构属常规嵌套，无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  They reproduce quickly 涉及鱼的繁殖能力，原文从第 1 段到第 3 段只谈消费量与来源，未出现任何关于鱼繁殖速度的内容。

• B)✓ 正确
  • most of our aquatic(水产的) food now comes from farming rather than fishing↔They are mostly farmed

  预判答案是「大多是养殖的」，They are mostly farmed 几乎一一对应——主语 They 回指题干 the fish we eat，谓语 are mostly farmed 等价于定位句的 most … comes from farming。

• C)偷换概念

  They have become as important as grain 把鱼与谷物相提并论，原文 That grain—and the water needed to grow it—could be consumed by people instead 谈的是「养鱼比养牛省粮」，并未把鱼的重要性提升到与谷物同等的高度。

• D)无中生有

  They have a longer history than humans 称鱼的历史比人类长，文中 For the first time in human history 只是用「人类历史上第一次」这一时间状语，并未对比鱼与人类哪个历史更悠久。

题干 What do we need to do if we keep consuming fish at the current rate? 问的是文中给出的具体应对动作，答案应在原文中直接呈现。

题干主句是 What do we need to do，后接 if 条件状语从句 if we keep consuming fish at the current rate；keep + 动名词 consuming 表示持续，at the current rate 修饰 consuming。结构清晰，对基础薄弱者唯一难点是把 if 从句视作整体条件而非干扰信息。

• A)与原文相反

  Increase the fishing volume considerably 主张大幅增加捕捞量，而 the volume of fish caught in the wild has leveled off since the 1990s 与 more than three-tenths are 已经说明海洋鱼资源被过度捕捞，再增加捕捞与原文方向背离。

• B)无中生有

  Develop more advanced fishing technology 谈的是发展更先进的捕鱼技术，原文从 P4 到 P6 完全没有出现 technology、advanced 等任何技术升级方面的表达。

• C)答非所问

  Enlarge the marine fish stocks effectively 称要扩大海洋鱼类存量，Only a tenth of our oceans' fish stocks could sustain heavier fishing than current levels 说明现实情况是大多数鱼类资源已被过度捕捞，扩大存量并非作者提出的对策——作者提的对策是「转向养殖」。

• D)✓ 正确
  • keep aquaculture(水产养殖) developing↔Expand the scale of fish-farming continuously

  预判要点是「继续 / 发展 / 水产养殖」三个成分；Expand the scale of fish-farming continuously 用 continuously / expand the scale / fish-farming 三个对应件——同义替换全部命中。

题干 What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food? 围绕中国这个具体对象问事实陈述，作者在文中应有正面交代。

题干 What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food? 主干同 46 题，介词短语 in terms of aquatic food 起范围限定，意为「就水产食物而言」。考生若不识 in terms of 容易整句失焦，需点明它的限定功能。

• A)与原文相反

  It places increasing emphasis on fishing now 称中国正在加大对捕捞的重视，但 fish-farming has been growing at a fast rate. A lot of that is coming from China 说明中国的重点恰恰是养殖而非捕捞。

• B)偷换概念

  It boasts of the world's largest fishing stocks 声称中国拥有世界最大鱼资源量，而原文 P6 只说中国生产了全球 60% 的养殖鱼，并没有把 fishing stocks（野生鱼资源储量）与中国挂钩。

• C)✓ 正确
  • some 35 countries, including China, now produce more farmed than wild-caught fish↔It raises more fish than caught from the wild

  预判指出关于中国的本质判断是「养殖量超过捕捞量」，It raises more fish than caught from the wild 正是这一结构对比；至于 60% 那条数据是关于「全球养殖鱼里中国占比」，不是答案。

• D)偷换概念

  It supplies 60% of the world's fish products 把原文限定语 farmed fish 改写成 fish products（鱼制品/水产品总和），范围被悄悄扩大。原文只说中国占全球养殖鱼的六成，并未说占全部水产品的六成。

题干 Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days? 用 say 限定为作者明说的原因，不需要考生自行推断。

题干 Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days? 主句 Why does the author say 后接宾语从句，从句主干 aquaculture is so important，时间状语 these days 表「如今」。结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • the world will need to feed an estimated 9.7 billion people↔It is a must for feeding the world's fast-growing population
  • crucial to ensuring food security and sustainability↔a must

  预判核心是「为养活快速增长的人口」，It is a must for feeding the world's fast-growing population 用 a must / feeding / fast-growing population 三处分别对位原文的 crucial / feed / 9.7 billion people——逐一吻合。

• B)以偏概全

  It proves a reliable source of protein for humans and animals 称水产养殖为人类与动物都提供蛋白质，但 They'll have to get their protein somewhere 中的 They 是指 9.7 billion people，并没有把蛋白质来源扩大到 animals。

• C)无中生有

  It is essential to maintaining both mental and physical health 谈维持身心健康，原文 P7 谈的是粮食安全（food security）与可持续性（sustainability），从未涉及 mental health 这一维度。

• D)过度推断

  It ensures a balanced healthy diet for people the world over 强调「全世界人民的均衡健康饮食」，原文 P7 只说养殖能提供蛋白质来源，并未承诺它能保障均衡饮食。

题干 What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet? 出现 imply，要求把习语的隐含意翻译成具体含义。

题干 What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet? 主干 What does the author imply，介词短语 by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet 作方式状语；by + 动名词短语 saying 后接宾语从句，从句是一句完整的判断句。结构看似复杂，实则只需把方式状语整块理解为「通过说这句话」。

• A)以偏概全

  Shrimp-farming is a risky business 只锁定对虾养殖一项，而题干问的是 aquaculture 整体；原文 shrimp farming 只是论据，结论是关于整个 aquaculture 的。

• B)过度推断

  Fish-farming will not be sustainable 把原文「不是万灵药」推断为「将不可持续」，跨度过大；Despite these problems, however, shrimp continues to be among the most popular sea foods worldwide 反而暗示养殖仍在继续，并未走向不可持续。

• C)✓ 正确
  • aquaculture is no silver bullet↔Fish-farming may cause serious problems too
  • shrimp farming does disastrous damage to marine ecosystems↔serious problems

  预判内容是「养殖也会带来严重问题」，Fish-farming may cause serious problems too 用 fish-farming 替代 aquaculture、用 may 表示推断的不确定性、用 serious problems 涵盖 disastrous damage——一一对位，且只推一步。

• D)偷换概念

  Shrimp-farming can become quite expensive 把养殖的代价定为「变得昂贵」，原文 disastrous damage to marine ecosystems 谈的是对生态系统的破坏，是环境代价而不是金钱代价。