2022年12月·第3套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 51–55 题答案与解析

What can we learn from research on diets in developed countries 没有 infer/imply 等推断信号，问的是研究的客观结论。

题干 What can we learn from research on diets in developed countries 是 What 引导的特殊疑问句，主干是 What can we learn，后接介词短语 from research on diets in developed countries 修饰 learn 的来源；无从句、无否定、无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  原文只说弱势群体 less likely to have food-purchasing habits that conform to public health recommendations，是"他们不照做"，并非 Dietary recommendations are not fit for underprivileged people 这种"建议本身不适合"。

• B)✓ 正确
  • more affluent and educated people tend to consume higher-quality diets ... On the contrary, economically disadvantaged people report diets that are nutrient-poor and energy-dense↔People from different social groups vary in their dietary habits

  预判中的"不同社会群体在饮食上存在差异"恰好被 People from different social groups vary in their dietary habits 直接覆盖，匹配度最高。

• C)无中生有

  全段讨论的是阶级、收入、教育对饮食的影响，没有任何关于 individual taste 的论述。

• D)无中生有

  原文以列举 fruits and vegetables, fish and whole grains 等方式默认了高质量饮食的内涵，没有讨论是否存在 consensus。

What does the author say is important 直接索取作者的明示判断，不是要考生自己推断。

题干 What does the author say is important in formulating policies to improve diets and health 是嵌套疑问句，主语 the author，谓语 say，宾语为省略 that 的从句 What ... is important in formulating policies，to improve diets and health 是不定式作目的状语，结构清楚不绕。

• A)✓ 正确
  • the research does not explain why this is the case—a question that has significant implications for designing effective policies↔A better understanding of the relationship between social class and health

  预判的"弄清阶级与健康关系的成因"被 A better understanding of the relationship between social class and health 一句直接对应。

• B)以偏概全

  原文谈的是 designing effective policies 的关键，是"理解关系成因"；选项却把焦点收缩到 cause of obesity and chronic diseases，丢掉了"社会阶级"这一关键。

• C)偷换概念

  原文强调政策制定需要先理解"为何如此"，并没有主张直接 Prioritizing the provision of better nutrition。

• D)张冠李戴

  education programs and initiatives on public health 是第三段才出现的话题 nutrition education，且作者后文持质疑态度，并非他认定为政策制定的关键。

What does research reveal about adults in food-insecure households 问的是研究客观结论，正确项是原文一句的同义改写。

题干 What does research reveal about adults in food-insecure households 主干 research reveal，宾语为 What，about adults in food-insecure households 是宾语补足的范围状语，限定研究对象，结构无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  原文整段都在论证"他们的饮食与烹饪并无问题"，Their eating habits need to be changed 反而把矛头指向他们的饮食习惯。

• B)无中生有

  原文说他们"已经一样熟练"，并未谈到 has been improving 这种"正在提升"的进程。

• C)与原文相反

  原文明确说他们 adjust recipes to make them more healthy，反而是在认真对待食谱；do not pay much attention to their food recipes 与之相反。

• D)✓ 正确
  • just as proficient in food preparation and cooking skills↔They do not lack food knowledge or budgeting skills
  • There is no indication that increasing food skills or budgeting skills will reduce food insecurity↔They do not lack food knowledge or budgeting skills

  预判中的"不缺食物知识与预算技能"与 They do not lack food knowledge or budgeting skills 是肯定—否定的等值改写。

What would help improve food security among the disadvantaged groups in Canada 问对应措施，原文应有明确陈述，不必推断。

题干 What would help improve food security among the disadvantaged groups in Canada 主干 What would help improve food security，help 后省略 to，among the disadvantaged groups in Canada 是限定 food security 范围的介词短语，三层修饰但平铺直叙。

• A)与原文相反

  第四段已明确 no indication that increasing food skills or budgeting skills will reduce food insecurity，作者直接驳斥 Teaching them budgeting skills 这种做法。

• B)偷换概念

  原文谈的是 insufficient access to nutritious foods 即"获取渠道不足"，不是 Increasing their food choices 即"扩大可选范围"。

• C)✓ 正确
  • one in eight households experiences insufficient access to nutritious foods↔Enabling them to have more access to nutritious foods

  预判中的"让他们更多获取营养食物"与 Enabling them to have more access to nutritious foods 一一对应。

• D)偷换概念

  原文聚焦弱势人群的低收入与获取不足，并未主张 increase food supplies 这种宏观供给端的对策。

What does the author suggest disadvantaged people do to improve their health 问作者明示的建议，不是要考生跨段推断。

题干 What does the author suggest disadvantaged people do to improve their health 是含 suggest 的特殊疑问句，宾语从句省略了 that 与 should，故 do 以原形出现；to improve their health 是不定式目的状语，整体结构清晰。

• A)无中生有

  原文只提到弱势群体 find it difficult to adopt dietary guidelines，并未让他们 Adopt a positive attitude towards dietary guidelines。

• B)✓ 正确
  • foods and recipes that are both inexpensive and nutritious↔Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable
  • eating well on a budget↔Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable

  预判的"选择既健康又负担得起的饮食"与 Choose diets that are both healthy and affordable 是 both…and… 结构的整体同义改写。

• C)过度推断

  原文只是说 The internet is full of recipes for "eating well on a budget."，是举例说明网上有这类食谱，并非建议人们"必须" Make sure to purchase healthy foods on the internet。

• D)与原文相反

  作者反复说明弱势群体的饮食问题不出在饮食习惯本身，而在经济与获取层面，Change their eating habits and consumption patterns 把矛头重新指向习惯，与全文立场相悖。