2026年6月·第3套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What does the passage tell us about physical disgust?是在问文章对physical disgust的客观说明，不涉及推理、态度或主旨。

What does the passage tell us about physical disgust?是主谓宾结构的特殊疑问句，主语the passage，谓语tell，间接宾语us，直接宾语由what充当，about physical disgust限定话题范围，无否定、比较等陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  It is an emotion as contrasted with thoughts.在原文Disgust is a universal human emotion.基础上添加了未出现的"as contrasted with thoughts"，把客观陈述偷换成对立关系。

• B)与原文相反

  It is a concept beyond children's understanding.截取了do not achieve an understanding of the concept until they are around four years old中的否定，却忽略"until around four"，将"暂时未理解"反转为"永远无法理解"。

• C)✓ 正确
  • physical disgust, which protects us from eating or touching things that could be dangerous for us↔It is a mechanism to keep us from being harmed.

  It is a mechanism to keep us from being harmed.与protects us from eating or touching things that could be dangerous for us形成语法层面的同义改写，是最佳选项。

• D)偷换概念

  It is an experience gained from any form of danger.将定位句中的"protects us from eating or touching things that could be dangerous"改为"experience gained from danger"，把防御机制篡改为经验来源，且any form of danger绝对化。

How do some researchers perceive moral disgust?是在问some researchers对moral disgust的具体看法，属于文中可直接找到的事实。

How do some researchers perceive moral disgust?是特殊疑问句，主语some researchers，谓语perceive，宾语moral disgust；how询问方式/看法，整体结构平直。

• A)以偏概全

  It tends to appear in various forms of wrongdoing.把Examples of moral disgust are stealing, lying or cheating.中的举例包装成"moral disgust本身以多种形式出现"，混淆了"触发它的行为"与"它本身"。

• B)无中生有

  It is just as annoying to people as physical disgust.使用just as...as结构，但原文从未比较两种厌恶的annoying程度，也未评价其是否annoying。

• C)张冠李戴

  It is a term used by common folk to describe anger.源于Some say that when we refer to disgust in relation to moral issues, we are using disgust as a metaphor(隐喻), and what we are feeling is in reality anger.，但该观点是some academics而非some researchers，且common folk缩小了原句we的范围。

• D)✓ 正确
  • protects us from engaging in activities that can be perceived as morally wrong↔It stops people from doing anything morally wrong.

  It stops people from doing anything morally wrong.与protects us from engaging in activities that can be perceived as morally wrong.在语义场和语法结构上均对应，是正确项。

Why does moral disgust appear quite late in children's development?不是直接引用某个事实句，而是要求从文中因果解释中推进一步。

Why does moral disgust appear quite late in children's development?是why引导的特殊疑问句，主语moral disgust，谓语appear，状语quite late in children's development；询问原因，需在定位句附近找因果解释。

• A)✓ 正确
  • social component to it. Children learn about emotions in many different ways↔It needs to be learnt through social interactions.

  It needs to be learnt through social interactions.是原文因果链的一步推理，既未跳跃也未添加新信息。

• B)无中生有

  They have little control over its learning process.引入control概念，但原文Children learn about emotions in many different ways只说学习方式多，未涉及控制程度。

• C)过度推断

  It is too complex for them to acquire.用too...to结构把原文的"late"和"social component"臆断为复杂度问题，原文未出现complex或acquire difficulty。

• D)与原文相反

  Their parents seldom talk about emotions.与children whose parents talk about emotions often have a better emotional understanding than children whose parents do not discuss emotions often.直接相反，原文强调父母经常谈情绪。

What did the author and his colleagues want to examine in their experiment?直接询问研究目的，文中有明确对应句。

What did the author and his colleagues want to examine in their experiment?是what引导的特殊疑问句，主语the author and his colleagues，谓语want to examine，in their experiment限定范围；did提示过去时，对应文中已完成的研究。

• A)偷换概念

  What parents tell children against moral wrongdoing.把how parents and children talk about disgust中的talk about disgust替换为tell children against moral wrongdoing，范围收窄且改变了话题。

• B)答非所问

  What parents and children link moral wrongdoing to.对应的是they linked this type of moral wrongdoing with the emotion of anger and not disgust.，这是实验结果，不是作者想考察的问题。

• C)偷换概念

  How moral disgust is seen by children aged 4, 6 and 8.把four-, six- or eight-year-old children中的年龄信息放大为研究核心，但原文研究的是父母与孩子如何谈disgust，而非儿童如何看待moral disgust。

• D)✓ 正确
  • how parents and children talk about disgust↔How disgust is discussed between parents and children.

  How disgust is discussed between parents and children.与how parents and children talk about disgust. This is what we set up to examine in our study.逐成分对应，完全等值。

What can we infer about moral disgust from the author and his colleagues' findings?要求从研究发现中概括出隐含结论。

What can we infer about moral disgust from the author and his colleagues' findings?是what引导的特殊疑问句，can infer表示推断，about moral disgust限定对象，from the author and his colleagues' findings限定推理依据；需要在结论句基础上做一步概括。

• A)✓ 正确
  • either understood at a later age or is only used metaphorically, if at all, in children as old as eight years↔It is a notion hardly comprehensible to children.

  It is a notion hardly comprehensible to children.是结论句的一步同义转述，未过度延伸。

• B)偷换概念

  It rarely exists in children younger than eight.把only used metaphorically, if at all中的使用方式篡改为存在频率，且younger than eight与原文as old as eight不一致。

• C)与原文相反

  It is a term most parents use when talking to children.与do talk about disgust, but mainly about physical disgust and not so much about moral disgust.直接相反，父母并不常使用moral disgust一词。

• D)无中生有

  It exists in adults with a strong sense of justice.虽然提到Some researchers suggest moral disgust exists in adults.，但"with a strong sense of justice"是原文没有的信息。