2015年考研英语一真题句子解析： He agreed to join because he "found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science."

agree to do sth (固定搭配)

agreed to join

"agree to do sth" 是表示「同意做某事」的标准搭配。注意介词必须用 "to",不能用其他介词。此结构后接动词原形,表达对某个具体行动的同意。与之区别的是 "agree with sb/sth"(同意某人/某事)和 "agree on sth"(就某事达成一致)。在学术和正式语境中,这是表达接受邀请、承诺参与的常用表达。

• ✓ agree to join / agree to participate ✗ agree join / agree for join agree 后接不定式时必须加 to,不能省略,也不能用 for
• ✓ agree to the proposal (同意该提议) ✗ agree the proposal 当 agree 后接名词时,需要加介词 to

the foresight behind... (抽象名词 + behind 结构)

the foresight behind the establishment

"behind" 在此处不是物理位置的「在...后面」,而是抽象含义的「在...背后的(深层原因/理念)」。"the foresight behind sth" 表示「某事背后的远见」,强调驱动某个行动或决策的前瞻性思维。这种 "抽象名词 + behind + 名词" 的结构在学术写作中常用来分析事物的深层动因,如 "the logic behind the decision"(决策背后的逻辑)、"the philosophy behind the approach"(方法背后的哲学)。

• ✓ the motivation behind his actions (他行为背后的动机) ✗ the motivation of his actions 表达「背后的原因/理念」时,behind 比 of 更能体现因果或驱动关系

find sth to be + 形容词 (复合宾语结构)

found the foresight to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact

"find + 宾语 + to be + 形容词/名词" 是表达「发现/认为某事物具有某种特性」的标准结构。此处 "found the foresight...to be novel, unique and likely to..." 表示他认为这一远见具有新颖、独特且可能产生持久影响的特点。这种结构比简单的 "think" 或 "believe" 更正式,常用于学术和书面语境。注意 "to be" 可以省略,变成 "find sth + 形容词",但在正式写作中保留 "to be" 更规范。本句中三个并列形容词(novel, unique)和一个形容词短语(likely to have...)共同作宾补。

• ✓ find the method (to be) effective ✗ find the method is effective find 作「认为」讲时,后接复合宾语结构,不接 that 从句形式的宾语从句
• ✓ I found him to be honest / I found him honest ✗ I found him as honest 不需要用 as,直接用形容词或 to be + 形容词

be likely to do sth (可能性表达)

likely to have a lasting impact

"be likely to do sth" 表示「很可能做某事」,是表达未来可能性的常用结构。"likely" 是形容词,前面需要系动词 be,后接不定式。这个结构比 "may" 或 "might" 的可能性程度更强,表示有较大把握的预测。在学术写作中,这是表达研究预期、趋势判断的标准表达。注意 "likely" 可以被程度副词修饰,如 "very likely", "highly likely", "less likely"。

• ✓ It is likely to rain tomorrow / The project is likely to succeed ✗ It will likely rain / The project likely succeeds likely 是形容词,需要 be 动词;不能直接作副词修饰动词
• ✓ He is likely to come ✗ He likely comes / He is likely coming likely 后接不定式 to do,不接现在分词

not only...but (also)... (递进强调结构)

not only be through the publications but hopefully through a larger group

"not only...but (also)..." 是表达递进关系的经典结构,意为「不仅...而且...」,用于强调后者比前者程度更深或范围更广。本句中 "This impact will not only be through...but hopefully through..." 先指出影响的一个途径,再强调更广泛的影响途径。注意:(1)"also" 在口语和非正式写作中常省略,本句即省略了;(2)"not only" 位于句首时需要部分倒装,但本句 "not only" 不在句首,故不倒装;(3)"but" 后可加插入语(如本句的 "hopefully")来表达说话人态度。

• ✓ Not only did he apologize, but he also offered compensation ✗ Not only he apologized, but he also offered compensation not only 位于句首时,其后的分句需要部分倒装
• ✓ She not only sings but also dances ✗ She not only sings but dances also also 的位置通常在动词前或句末,不放在动词后

model sth after sth (固定搭配)

model their approach after Science

"model sth after sth" 或 "model sth on sth" 是「以...为模板/范本来塑造...」的固定搭配,表示效仿、仿照。本句 "model their approach after Science" 意为「以《Science》的方法为范本来设计他们的方法」。这个短语在学术和商业语境中常用,表达借鉴成功经验、采用既定标准的含义。美式英语更常用 "after",英式英语更常用 "on",两者可互换。注意 "model" 在此作动词,重音在第一音节。

• ✓ The new system was modeled after/on the Japanese model ✗ The new system was modeled by/from the Japanese model 介词必须用 after 或 on,不能用 by 或 from
• ✓ She modeled her career after her mentor's ✗ She modeled her career like her mentor's 不能用 like 替换 after,like 不与 model 搭配表示此义

插入语 hopefully 的使用

but hopefully through a larger group

"hopefully" 作为句子副词插入在 "but" 和主干之间,表达说话人的期望或愿望,意为「希望如此」或「有望」。这种插入语的使用在学术和正式写作中很常见,用于表达作者对预测结果的态度。需要注意的是,传统语法曾认为 "hopefully" 只能作方式副词(充满希望地),不能作句子副词,但现代英语中句子副词用法已被广泛接受。本句中 "hopefully" 修饰整个 "through a larger group" 这一预期,而非某个具体动词。

• ✓ Hopefully, the results will be positive (希望结果会是积极的) ✗ Hopeful, the results will be positive 需要用副词 hopefully,不能用形容词 hopeful

名词化表达 establishment

the establishment of the SBoRE

"establishment" 是动词 "establish"(建立)的名词形式,表示「建立、设立」这一行为或「机构」本身。本句中 "the establishment of the SBoRE" 指「SBoRE 的成立」。学术和正式写作倾向于使用名词化表达,而非动词短语,因为名词化使表达更简洁、更正式。如 "the establishment of"(成立)比 "establish"(建立)更正式,"the implementation of"(实施)比 "implement"(执行)更正式。这种名词化趋势是学术英语的重要特征。

a lasting impact (持久影响)

have a lasting impact

"a lasting impact" 是学术写作中表达「持久影响、长远影响」的标准搭配。"lasting" 意为「持续的、持久的」,强调影响的时间维度。"have an impact" 是基础搭配,加上形容词 "lasting" 使表达更具体。在学术语境中,评价研究、政策或创新时,常用此类搭配来描述其长期价值,如 "a profound impact"(深远影响)、"a significant impact"(重大影响)、"a positive impact"(积极影响)。

a larger group of... (较大群体的...)

a larger group of publishing places

"a larger group of + 复数名词" 表示「更大范围的...群体」。本句 "a larger group of publishing places" 指「更多的出版机构」。这种表达通过比较级 "larger" 暗示与前文提到的单个对象(Science 期刊)形成对比,强调影响范围的扩大。"group of" 是集合名词的标准用法,后接复数可数名词或不可数名词,表示一组、一批。在学术写作中,这种表达常用于描述研究对象、数据样本的范围。

foresight (远见、先见之明)

the foresight

"foresight" 是不可数名词,意为「远见、预见力、先见之明」,指提前预测未来并据此做出明智决策的能力。在学术和商业语境中,这是评价战略眼光、前瞻性思维的核心词汇。与之相对的是 "hindsight"(事后认识、后见之明)。"foresight" 常与 "have", "show", "demonstrate", "lack" 等动词搭配,如 "have the foresight to do sth"(有远见地做某事)。本句中用 "the foresight behind..." 强调某个决策或行动体现出的前瞻性。

• ✓ have the foresight to invest early ✗ have foresights to invest early foresight 是不可数名词,不能加 s

novel (新颖的、新奇的)

to be novel

"novel" 作形容词时意为「新颖的、新奇的、前所未有的」,强调创新性和独特性,常用于学术和正式语境评价想法、方法、发现等。需要与名词 "novel"(小说)区分:作形容词时重音在第一音节 /ˈnɑːvl/,作名词时也是第一音节重音但发音略有不同。在学术写作中,"novel" 比 "new" 更正式,更强调突破性和原创性,常见搭配如 "a novel approach"(新颖方法)、"a novel idea"(新颖想法)。

• ✓ a novel solution to the problem ✗ a novel of the problem 作形容词时后接名词,不需要介词;of 用法是名词 novel(小说)的所有格形式

publication (出版物、发表)

the publications in Science

"publication" 既可指「出版物、刊物」(可数),也可指「发表、出版」这一行为(不可数)。本句 "the publications in Science" 中是可数名词复数,指在《Science》期刊上发表的多篇论文或文章。在学术语境中,"publication" 是核心词汇,常见搭配包括 "in publication"(出版中)、"peer-reviewed publication"(同行评议出版物)、"publish in a publication"(在某刊物发表)。注意区分:"publish"(动词:出版、发表)、"publisher"(出版商)、"publication"(出版物/出版行为)。

publishing places (出版机构)

publishing places

"publishing places" 在此指「出版机构、出版场所」,即期刊、出版社等发表学术成果的平台。"publishing" 是 "publish" 的现在分词作定语,修饰 "places"。虽然更常见的表达是 "publishers"(出版商)或 "publishing venues"(出版平台),但 "publishing places" 在此语境中同样成立,强调这些机构作为学术发表场所的功能。这种 "动词-ing + 名词" 的定语结构在英语中很常见,如 "sleeping bag"(睡袋)、"swimming pool"(游泳池)。

"through" 的抽象含义辨析

through the publications through a larger group

"through" 在本句中两次出现,均为抽象含义「通过、借助」,而非物理空间的「穿过」。"through" 表示手段、途径、媒介时,是中文学习者的难点,因为中文「通过」与英文 "through" 虽然对应,但 "through" 的使用范围更广,搭配更灵活。本句 "through the publications"(通过发表的论文)和 "through a larger group of publishing places"(通过更多出版机构)都体现了这一抽象用法。需要注意 "through" 还可表示「由于、因为」(如 "through hard work")、「自始至终」(如 "read through the book")等多种含义。

• ✓ achieve success through hard work (通过努力获得成功) ✗ achieve success by hard work 表示「通过(抽象手段)」时,through 比 by 更自然,by 更常接具体方式
• ✓ communicate through email ✗ communicate by email / communicate with email through 强调媒介或渠道,by 强调方式,with 强调伴随工具;三者有细微差别但在某些语境可互换

形容词并列与层次递进

novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact

本句用三个并列成分作宾补:"novel"(新颖的)、"unique"(独特的)、"likely to have a lasting impact"(可能产生持久影响)。前两个是形容词,第三个是形容词短语(likely + 不定式)。这种并列结构体现了递进关系:从新颖、独特(静态特征)到可能产生影响(动态结果)。中文学习者需注意:(1)三个或以上并列成分时,最后一个前用 "and",其余用逗号;(2)并列成分的语法形式应尽量一致,但本句中形容词与形容词短语并列也可接受,因为它们都作表语;(3)理解并列成分之间的逻辑关系(平行、递进、对比等)有助于准确理解句意。

• ✓ The method is simple, effective, and easy to implement ✗ The method is simple, effective, and easily to implement 并列的形容词或短语应保持语法形式一致;easy 是形容词,easily 是副词

may want to do (可能想要做)

may want to model

"may want to do sth" 是「可能想要做某事」的委婉表达,常用于建议、预测他人意愿。这种双重情态结构(may + want to)在中文中没有直接对应,容易被误解或漏译。"may" 表示可能性,"want to" 表示意愿,两者结合表示「有可能产生做某事的意愿」。与单独使用 "may do"(可能做)相比,"may want to do" 更强调主观意愿而非客观行为,语气也更委婉。这种结构在学术写作中常用于讨论未来趋势、他人可能的选择等。

• ✓ You may want to reconsider your decision (你可能想重新考虑你的决定) ✗ You may reconsider your decision (你可能重新考虑你的决定) may want to 强调意愿的可能性,语气更委婉;may do 直接陈述行为的可能性,语气更直接