2022年12月·第1套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 2 篇 · 51–55 题答案与解析

What is the finding of the new study?直接问研究的发现，没有 infer/imply/suggest 等推断信号词，答案应能在原文中找到客观对应。

Q51是一个简单 What is + 主语 + of 短语的疑问句，主干是the finding of the new study，of 引导的介宾短语限定 finding 的归属，无从句、无否定，结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)答非所问

  Emotional intelligence helps people get along with others.说的是「情商有助于与人相处」，这是Recognizing when a friend or colleague feels sad, angry or surprised is key to getting along with others.这句旧常识，而不是题干问的the new study的发现。

• B)与原文相反

  Emotional intelligence is generally beneficial to its bearer.恰恰是新研究要challenge的主流观点，原文用This and other research challenge the prevailing view that emotional intelligence is uniformly beneficial to its bearer.明确反对它，把它当 finding 是把靶子当结论。

• C)✓ 正确
  • being sensitive to people's feelings↔People who are aware of others' feelings
  • come with an extra dose of stress↔may experience more stress

  预判的「敏锐感知他人情绪的人会承受更多压力」与People who are aware of others' feelings may experience more stress.从主语到谓语完全对应，且程度词 sometimes 与 may 等值，无超译。

• D)无中生有

  People who are emotionally stressed may have trouble making friends.说的是「情绪压力大→交不到朋友」——原文谈的方向恰好相反：「敏锐感知情绪→压力更大」，且原文根本没提「交不到朋友」。

What was the purpose of psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt's experiment?问的是实验目的，是可在原文中找到客观依据的事实信息，不是推断或主旨。

Q52主干是What was the purpose ... experiment?，of 后面跟一长串名词同位修饰 psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt's experiment，结构是简单的 What + be + 主语，没有从句和否定，无陷阱。

• A)偷换概念

  To define different types of human feelings.意为「定义不同种类的人类情绪」，但原文they showed the students photographs of people's faces and asked them to what extent feelings such as happiness or disgust were being expressed.中「看脸辨情绪」是测量情商的手段细节，不是研究目的。

• B)✓ 正确
  • to measure their emotional intelligence↔To assess the impacts of being emotionally clever
  • The findings suggest that some people may be too emotionally clever for their own good↔the impacts of being emotionally clever

  定位句给出的是研究手段（测量情商加测压力激素），而P1与P3共同指明，这一手段服务于「评估情商高带来的影响」这一目的，与B完全对应。

• C)无中生有

  To demonstrate how to distinguish different feelings.意为「演示如何区分不同情绪」，但实验是测量学生情商，不是教学生区分情绪；原文没有 demonstrate / teach 类动词。

• D)无中生有

  To identify gender differences in emotional intelligence.说研究目的是识别性别差异，但实验对象是166 male university students——全是男生，根本没设性别对照；末段还提到More research is needed to see how exactly the relation between emotional intelligence and stress would play out in women——女性差异是「待研究」，不是本研究的目的。

What does the finding of Myriam Bechtoldt's study indicate?问的是研究结果所「表明」的内容，原文有研究者亲口下的结论句作为依据，仍属细节题，不需要超出原文做推断。

Q53结构是 What does + 主语 + indicate？主语the finding of Myriam Bechtoldt's study由 of 介宾限定，全句是简单宾语从句式提问，无否定无比较，无陷阱。

• A)与原文相反

  Greater emotional cleverness means less trouble in one's life.说情商越高麻烦越少，与原文Sometimes you can be so good at something that it causes trouble完全相反。

• B)无中生有

  Emotional intelligence helps people succeed in job interviews.说情商帮人在求职面试中成功——但原文里give job talks in front of judges只是实验任务场景（求职演讲），原文从未说情商高能让人面试成功；恰恰相反，情商高的人压力更大。

• C)答非所问

  People's psychological wellbeing is related to various factors.「心理健康与多种因素有关」在常识上无可指摘，但原文研究只讲情商与压力的关系，没有讨论「多种因素」，是模糊化的万能选项。

• D)✓ 正确
  • some people may be too emotionally clever for their own good↔People may suffer from having a high emotional intelligence
  • Sometimes you can be so good at something that it causes trouble↔suffer from having a high emotional intelligence

  预判「情商高反受其害」与People may suffer from having a high emotional intelligence在主语、谓语、宾语三层完全咬合，且都保留 may 的不确定语气，是定位句的标准同义改写。

What do we learn about emotional intelligence from a number of studies?问的是「从多项研究我们得知什么」，对应原文综述段的事实罗列，不是推断或主旨。

Q54主干是 What do we learn? 后接 about + 话题 + from + 来源两个介宾短语限定 learn 的范围；about 限定话题、from 限定信息来源，两个限定都不能丢，结构清晰、无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  People suffering from depression are emotionally immature.说抑郁者情绪不成熟——但原文emotionally perceptive people might be particularly influenced by feelings of depression and hopelessness说的是「情绪敏锐者更易受抑郁影响」，主语和因果都被改了。

• B)偷换概念

  People who look at the dark side of life often feel depressed.说「看人生消极面的人常抑郁」——这是日常常识，但原文谈的是「情绪敏锐者易受抑郁情绪影响」，主语错配、因果也错。

• C)✓ 正确
  • emotional intelligence can be used to manipulate others for personal gains↔Some people may take advantage of it and benefit themselves

  预判的「情商可被用来操纵他人谋私」与Some people may take advantage of it and benefit themselves在主语、动词短语、目的三段完全对位，且 may 与 can 都是表「可能性」的弱情态，无超译。

• D)与原文相反

  Some people may lack it and are easily manipulated by others.说「有些人缺乏情商，因此易被他人操纵」——但原文谈的是「情商高的人可以操纵别人」，而不是「缺情商的人被人操纵」，施事与受事正好反过来。

What does the author suggest sensitive individuals do?问作者给敏感者的具体建议，原文应有明示的建议句作为依据。

Q55是 What does + 主语 + suggest + 宾语从句的疑问句；宾语从句省略 that，形式为sensitive individuals do——主语 sensitive individuals + 动词原形 do，是 suggest sb. (should) do 的虚拟语气省略式，do 表「做（什么）」，对应选项里的动词短语。

• A)✓ 正确
  • you are not responsible for how other people feel↔Avoid burdening themselves with others' feelings
  • some sensitive individuals may assume responsibility for other people's sadness or anger, which ultimately stresses them out↔burdening themselves with others' feelings

  预判的「别替别人的情绪扛锅」与Avoid burdening themselves with others' feelings在动词、宾语、隐含主语三层完全对位，且都保留「避免、不要」的建议口吻。

• B)无中生有

  Rid themselves of worries over worldly affairs.说「摆脱对世俗琐事的忧虑」——但原文谈的是「别人的情绪」，不是「世俗琐事」；worldly affairs 在原文完全没有对应。

• C)偷换概念

  Learn to cope with people's negative feelings.建议敏感者去「应对他人的负面情绪」——但原文you are not responsible for how other people feel给的建议恰恰相反：「不必为别人感受负责」，根本不主张主动去处理别人的情绪。要注意原文确实有learn to also properly cope with emotions—both others' and your own，但那是给所有人的总建议、且强调「包括自己的」；针对 sensitive individuals 的针对性建议是 not responsible 这一句。

• D)与原文相反

  Help people to deal with their troubles in life.建议敏感者去「帮别人解决生活中的麻烦」——这与作者的建议方向完全相反，作者明示you are not responsible for how other people feel。