2019年12月·第2套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What does the passage say about open educational resources? 直接问"文章关于某对象说了什么"，要的是对应区域里的原文事实。

结构是 What does the passage say about open educational resources?，主干 "the passage say what about open educational resources"，about 引出谈论对象。无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  They contribute to teaching as much as to learning 谈"对教学和学习的贡献"，原文从未比较开放资源对 teaching 与 learning 的贡献。

• B)偷换概念

  They don't profit as much as traditional textbooks do 谈"利润不如传统课本"，原文 open educational resources, simply do not 否定的是"连接师生"，不是"赚钱"。

• C)✓ 正确
  • in ways that alternatives, such as open e-textbooks and open educational resources, simply do not↔They can't connect professors and students as textbooks do
  • connect professors, instructors and students↔connect professors and students

  预判已锁定"开放教育资源连接师生这件事做不到"，They can't connect professors and students as textbooks do 正面贴合，直接选它。

• D)无中生有

  They compete fiercely for customers with textbook producers 说开放资源和出版商激烈抢客户，原文 P2 只是讲"连接师生上做不到"，根本没提竞争。

What is the main cause of the publishers' losses? 直接问一个具体原因，要在原文里找到对应的因果句即可。

What is the main cause of the publishers' losses? 主干 "what is the main cause"，of the publishers' losses 是后置修饰，限定 cause 的归属。无陷阱。

• A)无中生有

  Failure to meet student need 说亏损是因为没满足学生需求，原文 P3 只说学生买二手书，从未说出版商没满足学生需求。

• B)与原文相反

  Industry restructuring 拿"行业重组"当亏损原因，但原文 A restructuring of the textbook industry may well be in order 把重组写成是亏损之后"可能要做的事"，是结果建议、不是原因。

• C)无中生有

  Emergence of e-books 说亏损因电子书兴起，原文 P3 只提 used print textbooks（二手印刷书），从未提到 e-books 的崛起导致亏损。

• D)✓ 正确
  • students renting or buying used print textbooks↔Falling sales

  预判已锁定"新书卖得少"，四个选项里只有 Falling sales 直接对应销量下滑。

What does the textbook industry need to do? 直接问行业"该做什么"，回原文找到对应的建议句即可作答。

What does the textbook industry need to do? 助动词 does 提前的特殊疑问句，主干 "the textbook industry need to do what"。无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • A restructuring of the textbook industry↔Reform its structures
  • may well be in order↔need to do

  预判已锁定"行业要重组"，Reform its structures 正面对应 restructuring，立选。

• B)过度推断

  Cut its retail prices 说要降零售价，原文虽提到 excessively high cost of their books，但没说"该降价"，只说"该重组"。

• C)与原文相反

  Find replacements for printed textbooks 说要给纸质课本找替代品，但原文末句 But this does not mean the end of the textbook itself 明确否认课本本身要消失，更别说替代纸课本了。

• D)无中生有

  Change its business strategy periodically 说要"定期改变经营策略"，原文 P3 没出现 periodically / regularly 这种频率词，也没谈 business strategy。

What are students expected to do in the learning process? 直接问学生在学习中被要求做什么，定位到原文相关句即可。

What are students expected to do in the learning process? 被动结构 be expected to do，相当于 are asked / are required to do；in the learning process 是状语，限定场景。

• A)无中生有

  Think carefully before answering each question 说"作答前要仔细思考"，原文 P4 没出现 carefully / think before 这种要求，只说"用个人经验"。

• B)张冠李戴

  Ask questions based on their own understanding 说"学生提问"，但原文 textbooks have done this by posing questions 明确是"课本提问"，学生只负责作答。

• C)✓ 正确
  • students are asked to use their individual experience to come up with answers to general questions↔Answer questions using their personal experience
  • are asked to↔are expected to do

  预判即"用个人经验作答"，Answer questions using their personal experience 与之逐字对应，立选。

• D)偷换概念

  Give answers showing their respective personality 说"作答要展现各自的人格"，原文 How much of your personality do you think you inherited? 里 personality 只是举例提问的内容（心理学课本会问"人格遗传多少"），不是要求学生"展现"人格。

What do experts say about students using textbooks? 题干指向"专家关于学生用课本的说法"，原文有对应的引述句即可作答。

What do experts say about students using textbooks? 主干 "experts say what about students using textbooks"，using textbooks 是现在分词短语作 students 的后置定语。

• A)无中生有

  They can digitalize the prints easily 说"可以轻松把纸书数字化"，原文 P5 谈的是 highlighting / Post-It notes / dog-ears 这些纸书使用方式，没说学生能把纸书"数字化"。

• B)偷换概念

  They can purchase customized versions 说"学生可以买到定制版的课本"，原文 They "customize" their books by engaging with different layers and linkages 是说学生"自己"用高亮便签等方式定制，不是"购买"已定制好的版本。

• C)✓ 正确
  • engaging with a textbook can be an interactive experience↔They can learn in an interactive way
  • engaging with a textbook↔students using textbooks

  预判已锁定"互动体验"，They can learn in an interactive way 直接对应 interactive，立选。

• D)偷换概念

  They can adapt the material themselves 说"学生可以自己改编教材"，看似贴近 customize，但 adapt the material 在英语里更多指"改编教材内容"，而原文 They "customize" their books 指的是"在书上做高亮便签"这种"使用方式上的个性化"，不是改动教材内容本身。这层区别让 D 偏离了原文的具体动作。