2019年12月·第2套 英语四级听力真题原文与答案解析

What problem is Britain facing?

Figures show 引出的事实陈述句。新闻开篇先发出呼吁，紧接着用 Figures show the number of male nurses has fallen in the last three years. 摆出数据事实——"数据显示"这类引出客观事实的句子，往往就是新闻交代核心状况的答案句。

• the number of male nurses has fallen↔The number of male nurses has gone down.fallen 同义换成 gone down

• A)原词陷阱原文确有 has reached a seven-year low（七年来最低），选项 The number of nurses has dropped to a record low. 借这个 low 字诱你选，但 record low 是"史上最低"，七年低≠创纪录最低，程度被偷偷拔高，且原文讲的是 male nurses 而非笼统 nurses。

  借用原文：reached a seven-year low

• B)偷换概念原文只说 the number of male nurses has fallen，是男护士这一群体减少；There is a growing shortage of medical personnel. 把范围放大成整个 medical personnel 短缺，属于偷换概念、扩大范围，原文从没说整体医护短缺。

  借用原文：the number of male nurses has fallen

• C)未提及There is discrimination against male nurses. 听起来与男护士相关，但原文只讲数量下降和这是 a cultural problem，从未说存在"歧视"；把 cultural problem 脑补成 discrimination 是过度推断，原文无此说法。

What is the cause of the problem according to the UK Health Secretary?

Health Secretary said 后的直接归因。题干限定 according to the UK Health Secretary，原文正好出现 The UK Health Secretary said, "This is clearly a cultural problem——指定人物开口、又用 clearly 加重语气下判断，这种"某人说+明确归因"的句子就是答案句。

• This is clearly a cultural problem↔Cultural bias.cultural problem 概括为 cultural bias

• B)未提及Inadequate pay. 是生活常识里最顺的离职理由，极易凭印象选；但卫生大臣只说这是 a cultural problem，全篇没提 pay 或工资，属未提及、用常识替原文。
• C)未提及Educational system. 听上去也像合理原因，但原文把原因明确归为 a cultural problem，从未提教育体制，属未提及。
• D)未提及Working conditions. 又是一个常识里顺手的理由，但原文唯一的归因是 a cultural problem，没提工作条件，属未提及。

What does the news report say about the Libyan man?

stop him from drowning 点出险情。答案句的信号是险情结果短语：to stop him from drowning，加上前文 the tide had come in and completely surrounded him, cutting him off from the shore 描述他被潮水包围、与岸隔绝，两句合起来说明他险些溺水、被及时阻止。

• to stop him from drowning↔He was almost drowned.阻止溺水=差点溺水

• A)原词陷阱选项说他 fell out of a lifeboat（从救生艇掉下），录音里出现的是 the beach lifeguards（救生员），二者发音相近，借此诱你听到类似词就选；但原文是救生员来救他，他从没在救生艇上，更没掉下来。

  借用原文：the beach lifeguards were quickly on the scene

• B)未提及选项说他 lost his way on a beach（在海滩迷路），录音从头到尾说的是他累了睡着、被潮水包围，没有任何迷路情节，属凭海滩场景臆造。
• D)偷换概念选项说他 enjoyed swimming in the sea（享受海里游泳），录音里他是 enjoying a walk along the sands（享受沙滩散步）后躺下睡着，并非游泳。选项盗用 enjoying 这个原词并把散步偷换成游泳，制造听到 enjoy 就选的诱惑。

  借用原文：enjoying a walk along the sands

What did Keith Porter say at an interview?

引语中的正向评价句。答案句是 Keith Porter 原话引语里的表态部分：the emergency services have again worked well together，由 Thankfully 领起、带明显肯定色彩，是受访者对救援的评价落点，正是评价题要抓的表态句。

• the emergency services have again worked well together↔The emergency services are efficient.通力协作=高效

• A)原词陷阱选项说海滩是 popular tourist resort（热门旅游景点），录音里 Keith Porter 只说 Our beach is so flat（我们海滩很平坦），从没说它是热门景点。选项借 beach 这个反复出现的词，硬安一个采访里没有的评价。

  借用原文：Our beach is so flat

• C)原词陷阱选项说海滩是 good place to watch the tide（看潮好去处），录音里 tide 出现于 it's very common for the tide to come around the back of people and cut them off，讲的是潮水危险地切断人的退路，而非适合观潮。选项盗用核心词 tide，把危险偷换成了好去处。

  借用原文：it's very common for the tide to come around the back of people and cut them off from the beach

• D)未提及选项说救生艇 patrol the area round the clock（全天候巡逻），录音里 Keith Porter 只说救生员 quickly on the scene（迅速赶到），从未提到全天候巡逻。round the clock 这种绝对程度表述是录音没有的添加。

What does the news report say about the raccoon, a small cat-like animal?

becoming an online star 直陈事实。答案句靠的是直接陈述这一事实信号：becoming an online star across the world 平铺直叙地说浣熊“成了全球网红”，正对应选项 A 要核对的那件事，不需转折也不需推断，听到 star 就该锁定。

• becoming an online star across the world↔It became an online star.几乎原句压缩

• B)原词陷阱选项 It broke into an office room. 盗用了原文 office tower（办公大楼）里的 office 一词，制造“听到 office 就想选”的诱惑，但原文只说浣熊在大楼外墙往上爬、停在窗沿，从没说它“闯进办公室”。

  借用原文：spotted stuck on a narrow window edge of the office tower

• C)未提及选项 It escaped from a local zoo. 给了一个“从动物园逃跑”的来历，听起来很合理，但通篇原文只说它是 a small cat-like animal、爬楼、被放归野外，从未提及任何动物园或它如何逃出，属凭常识脑补的来历。
• D)原词陷阱选项 It climbed 25 storeys at one go. 用对了原文数字 25-storey skyscraper，但偷加了 at one go（一口气）。原文明说它中途 took a long break on a 17th floor window edge、且爬楼跨了周一到周三好几天，根本不是一次爬完。

  借用原文：took a long break on a 17th floor window edge

What will the wildlife management company do with the captured raccoon?

主语 company 后跟 will release。题干主语 A private wildlife management company 在原文一出现，紧跟的动词 will release the animal into the wild 就是处置去向，这种“主角 + 将做某事”的句式本身就是答案信号，听到该公司名就该准备记动词。

• release the animal into the wild↔Release it into the wild.近乎原词对应

• A)未提及选项 Send it back to the zoo. 顺着第 5 题里“动物园”的常识联想编出“送回动物园”，但原文根本没提动物园，处置去向写得清清楚楚是放归野外，不是送回。
• C)未提及选项 Return it to its owner. 假设浣熊有主人、要“物归原主”，但这是野生浣熊，原文从头到尾没有任何 owner（主人），处置也是放归野外，不存在归还。
• D)未提及选项 Give it a physical checkup. 听起来“抓到动物理应先体检”很合理，但原文对处置只说了 release the animal into the wild，从未提任何检查或体检，属凭常识替原文做主。

What did one online post say?

said that 引出网帖原话。信号词 One online post said that 直接引出题干要的那句网帖原话，said that 后面整句就是答案承载句；末尾 the way no politician could 是这句的落点，必须听到尾巴才不被前半句带偏。

• uniting the country the way no politician could↔The raccoon did something no politician could.团结全国 = 政客做不到的事

• A)偷换概念选项 A raccoon can perform acts no human can. 仿照原文 no politician could 的句式，却把比较对象 politician（政客）偷换成 human（人类）。原文比的是政客、不是泛指人类，对象一换意思就变了。

  借用原文：the way no politician could

• B)原词陷阱选项 A raccoon can climb much higher than a cat. 借用了原文形容浣熊是 a small cat-like animal（像猫的小动物）里的 cat，编出“比猫爬得高”的比较，但原文从没拿浣熊和猫比爬高，cat 只是用来描述它长相。

  借用原文：a small cat-like animal

• C)偷换概念选项 The raccoon became as famous as some politicians. 也保留了 politician，但把原文的“做到了政客做不到的事”偷改成“和政客一样有名”。原文的落点是“政客办不到”（强调超越），不是“名气相当”，意思被换掉了。

  借用原文：the way no politician could

Why did the woman feel excited?

总结词 So 引出的结论句。女方先铺垫上学时只做兼职，再用 So this is the first time I've ever been paid for a month of full-time work. 收口，So 这个『所以』把前面的铺垫归结成结论——这一句正是她兴奋的真正原因。

• the first time I've ever been paid for a month of full-time work↔received her first monthly salary『第一次拿到整月全职工资』= 『收到第一份月薪』

• A)原词陷阱录音开头女方提到 I just got a text message from my bank，She got a well-paying job in a bank. 就借这个 bank 来骗你——可那只是『银行发来短信通知工资到账』，根本没说她在银行找了高薪工作，听到 bank 就选正中圈套。

  借用原文：I just got a text message from my bank

• B)未提及She received a bonus unexpectedly. 说的是『意外收到奖金』，但全程女方说的是 first time…paid、salary，从没提 bonus，也没有『意外』之意，属录音根本没说的内容。
• D)偷换概念She got a pay raise for her performance. 听起来也合理，但录音是『第一次拿全职工资』，是头一回拿钱、不是『涨工资』，更没提 performance（表现）这个原因，把『第一次拿』偷换成了『加薪』。

When did the man get his first full-time job?

时间数字 two decades。男方说 it's been two decades, but I can still remember when I got my first real salary，two decades 就是直接的时间信号——距他第一份真正的工资已过去二十年，时间锚点就在这个数字上。

• it's been two decades↔Two decades ago『已经二十年了』= 『二十年前』

• A)未提及Several years ago. 是『几年前』，但男方说的是 two decades（二十年），several years 太短，对不上这个量级。
• C)张冠李戴Right after graduation. 的『毕业后』对应的是女方那句 I worked all through university（上学期间打工），而题问的是男方第一份全职工作的时间，把女方的上学经历安到男方头上。

  借用原文：I worked all through university

• D)张冠李戴Just last month. 的『上个月』指向女方刚到账的这笔工资，而男方的第一份工资是 two decades 前；把女方眼下的时间错当成男方过去的时间。

What did the man do when he got his first pay?

男方对『你拿钱做了啥』的直接应答。上一句女方问 What did you do with your first pay?，男方紧接着用 I bought a new suit for work and took my parents to a nice restaurant to celebrate. 作答——被问者的直接应答就是答案句所在。

• took my parents to a nice restaurant↔treated his parents to a nice meal『带父母去好餐厅』= 『请父母吃顿好饭』

• A)原词陷阱He sent a small check to his parents. 借了录音里的 parents 来骗你，但男方对父母做的是『带去吃饭』，不是『寄支票』，parents 是真的、动作是假的。

  借用原文：took my parents to a nice restaurant

• B)张冠李戴He took a few of his friends to a gym. 里的 gym 来自后面 some people from the office are members of a gym I want to join，那是女方要做的事、且是健身房不是『带朋友去』，跟男方拿第一份工资做了什么无关。

  借用原文：some people from the office are members of a gym I want to join

• C)原词陷阱He immediately deposited it in a bank. 又拿 bank 来诱选，但男方说的是买西装、请父母吃饭，全程没提把钱『存进银行』，是录音没有的动作。

  借用原文：I just got a text message from my bank

What does the woman say she is going to do?

建议句 + 女方收尾接受。男方先给建议 If I were you, I'd join the gym，女方最后用 Thanks for the advice. I'm taking it. 表态接受——『接受建议』这句收尾才是她真正决定要做的事，落点在最后一句。

• I'd join the gym↔Join her colleagues for gym exercise『加入那个健身房』= 『和同事一起去健身房锻炼』
• I'm taking it↔Join her colleagues for gym exercise『我听你的』= 采纳『去健身房』这个建议

• A)与原文相反Buy some professional clothes. 借了男方建议里的『买正装』和女方话里的 professional clothes，但女方明说 I have enough professional clothes.（我职业装够了），是被她否掉的事，不是要做的。

  借用原文：I have enough professional clothes.

• B)未提及Budget her salary carefully. 说『仔细规划工资』，但对话里只说她钱不够、两件事只能选一件（I can't afford both.），从没说要『做预算 / 精打细算』，是脑补出来的。
• D)原词陷阱Visit her former university campus. 对应 my university classmates are arranging a trip to visit our old campus，她确实想去，但两件事 I can't afford both.，最后接受建议选了健身房，回母校是被舍弃的一项。

  借用原文：my university classmates are arranging a trip to visit our old campus

Why does the man seem to be distracted?

because 引出真因。信号是因果连词 because:because I still haven't decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program in London, or if I should take the job offer in New York,because 后面紧跟的就是他心不在焉的真正原因——一个没拿定的两难选择。

• I still haven't decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program in London, or if I should take the job offer in New York↔a difficult decision to make二选一即难下的决定

• B)未提及He has been overworked recently.说他近来工作过度,录音从头到尾没提他累或工作量大,只说没法专注,属凭常识脑补、原文未提。
• C)原词陷阱He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.借了录音后文反复出现的 girlfriend 来勾人,但录音里他与女友并未吵架,只是谈到女友对结婚的看法,"吵架"是凭空安上的。

  借用原文：It's your girlfriend, isn't it?

• D)偷换概念He has just too many things to attend to.说他事情太多要处理,录音说的恰恰相反——他卡在"一个"二选一上,不是事务繁多,把"一个难决定"偷换成"很多事要忙"。

  借用原文：I still haven't decided if I should accept the offer for that PhD program

What does the woman say the man should do?

need advice 即建议。信号是女方直白的建议句 You definitely need advice for an important decision like this,紧接着她点名 What does your family think? And your advisor——"需要听建议"加上具体指向家人和导师,合起来就是她让他做的事。

• You definitely need advice↔Seek adviceneed advice=seek advice
• What does your family think? And your advisor for your master's program?↔from his family and advisor家人+导师原样对上

• A)过度推断Give priority to things more urgent.说先办更紧急的事,女方虽提到时间紧(you're running out of time),但她给的建议是"去听建议",并没让他"按紧急程度排序先做别的",这是把"时间紧"过度引申。

  借用原文：you're running out of time, aren't you?

• B)张冠李戴Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.借了录音里的 girlfriend,但女方让他找的是"家人和导师",从没让他"向女友求助",把求助对象张冠李戴了。

  借用原文：It's your girlfriend, isn't it?

• C)原词陷阱Think twice before making the decision.里的 decision 来自录音多次出现的"decision",听着像"三思",但女方的建议是"去听取建议",不是"反复斟酌",借原词制造的诱饵。

  借用原文：Look, it's a tough decision.

What does the man say is part of his problem?

part of the problem 锚点。信号是他主动说出的 that's part of the problem,紧跟其后用转折 but 摆出两边对立:My parents want me to get the degree, but my advisor thinks it's time for me to get more work experience——父母与导师意见相反,正是"问题的一部分"。

• My parents want me to get the degree, but my advisor thinks it's time for me to get more work experience↔His parents and advisor have different opinions对立两句=意见不同

• B)未提及He is not particularly keen on the job offered.说他对那份工作不太感兴趣,录音只说导师建议他去积累工作经验,从没说他不喜欢工作,这是凭常识替他添的态度。
• C)原词陷阱He lacks the money for his doctoral program.借了录音里的 doctoral/PhD program 这个真实话题,"缺钱读博"听着很合常理,但录音通篇没提钱,纯属用常识填空。

  借用原文：that PhD program in London

• D)张冠李戴His girlfriend does not support his decision.借了 girlfriend,但录音里女友是"想等事业起步后再结婚"(针对结婚),并没"不支持他读博/工作的决定",把女友对结婚的态度张冠李戴到"决定"上。

  借用原文：she thinks we need to wait until we've launched our careers

Why doesn't the man's girlfriend agree to get married right now?

but+she thinks 转出理由。信号是转折 but 接 she thinks:but she thinks we need to wait until we've launched our careers——but 把"他想结婚"转向女友的真实主张"得等事业起步",这句才是女友不愿现在结婚的原因。

• we need to wait until we've launched our careers↔They haven't started their careers yet等事业起步=尚未起步

• A)偷换概念They need time to make preparations.说他们需要时间做准备,录音说的是要等事业起步,并没说"需要时间筹备婚礼/准备",这是把"等事业"泛化成笼统的"需要准备"。

  借用原文：we need to wait until we've launched our careers

• B)未提及They need to save enough money for it.说要先攒够钱,录音里女友的理由是等事业起步,根本没提攒钱,"存钱结婚"是凭常识补的,原文未提。
• D)原词陷阱They haven't won their parents' approval.借了录音末尾的 parents——但那里父母是在催女友选澳大利亚的工作(her parents are pushing for the latter),不是"父母不同意他俩结婚",把父母对工作的态度张冠李戴到"结婚批准"上。

  借用原文：her parents are pushing for the latter

What kind of ability do analytical skills refer to in the passage?

开篇‘概念 + are + 解释’的定义句。录音第一句就是 Analytical skills are our ability to understand and solve problems using information we have available，‘概念 + are + 一句解释’是典型的下定义结构，开篇即给定义，这就是答案信号。

• understand and solve problems using information↔Using information to understand and solve problems同义重排：词同序换

• A)原词陷阱Acquiring information and professional knowledge. 借了录音里的 information 和后文 professional, social, and intellectual lives 的 professional 来诱选，但录音是‘用’信息（using）去解决问题，不是‘获取’（acquiring）信息和专业知识，动作和落点都偏了。

  借用原文：professional, social, and intellectual lives

• C)原词陷阱Enriching social and intellectual lives. 盗用了录音 professional, social, and intellectual lives 里的 social、intellectual，但原文那句是在说‘分析能力对我们的职业、社会、智识生活很重要’（是能力的重要性/好处），不是在给能力下定义，答非所问。

  借用原文：These skills are extremely important for our professional, social, and intellectual lives

• D)张冠李戴Expressing ideas and opinions freely. 与第三段 enable you to express yourself better 沾边，但那是‘加入辩论/读书会’这一做法带来的好处，不是对分析能力本身的定义，张冠李戴到了定义题上。

  借用原文：enable you to express yourself better

What does the passage say is an entertaining way of enhancing one's analytical skills?

限定词 entertaining 原样出现的领起句。第二段开头 An entertaining way of enhancing your analytical skills is to engage them by playing brain games 把题干的限定词 entertaining 原样领出，紧接着 games that challenge you to think deeply，‘entertaining + brain games’这一搭配就是答案信号。

• playing brain games↔Playing games that challenge one's mindbrain games = challenge one's mind
• games that challenge you to think deeply↔games that challenge one's mindchallenge to think deeply ≈ challenge one's mind

• A)未提及Improving mind-reading strategies. 蹭了录音里 think、mind 的相关感，但 mind-reading（读心术）录音从未提及，是拼出来的干扰，与 brain games 毫无关系。
• B)原词陷阱Reading classic scientific literature. 与第三段 reading club、discuss ideas, literature 沾 literature 的边，但录音从未说‘经典科学文献’，classic、scientific 是凭空添加的限定，且 reading club 那段也没被贴 entertaining 标签。

  借用原文：discuss ideas, literature and problems

• D)原词陷阱Traveling to different places in the world. 的 traveling 录音确实念到了 Traveling is a great way to expand your world view, although it can be expensive，但那是第一段贴着‘expensive（费钱）’标签的办法，不是本题问的 entertaining（有趣）那一种，标签错配。

  借用原文：Traveling is a great way to expand your world view, although it can be expensive

What else does the speaker advise people to do to improve their analytical skills?

‘is also a good idea’领起的又一条建议。第三段开头 Joining a debate or reading club or group is also a good idea，also（也）+ a good idea（好主意）正是‘再提一条建议’的信号，与题干 else、advise 对应，这就是答案句。

• Joining a debate or reading club or group↔Participate in debates or discussionsJoining…club = Participate in
• come together and discuss ideas↔debates or discussionsdiscuss → discussions

• A)偷换概念Give others freedom to express themselves. 盗用第三段 free exchange of ideas、express yourself better 的词，但原文说的是社团能让‘你自己’更会表达、能自由交流观点，不是建议人们去‘给别人（others）表达的自由’，主语与做法被偷换。

  借用原文：Any social group that encourages free exchange of ideas

• B)过度推断Expose themselves to different cultures. 与第一段 expand your world view、Traveling 的‘开阔视野’主题相关，但录音从没建议‘接触不同文化’，这是从‘旅行/开阔视野’顺手推出的引申，原文未明说。

  借用原文：One way is to expand your world view

• C)未提及Discard personal biases and prejudices. 听起来很在理，但录音通篇没说过要‘抛弃个人偏见’，biases、prejudices 这两个词原文一次都没出现，是凭空添加的‘正确废话’。

What does the passage say we don't know much about?

转折 But + "无知"词 ignorant。这句以 But 起头，把前面"狗能与主人建立深厚纽带"一转，落到 we're rather ignorant about——"无知"正对题干的 don't know much about，转折后这句才是真正落点。

• the nature of the relationships that form between dogs↔The nature of relationships between dogs.近乎同表述、删掉了从句
• we're rather ignorant about↔we don't know much aboutignorant = don't know much（同义替换）

• B)原词陷阱录音开头确有 People aren't kidding when they say they "love" their dog，B 盗了 people 和 love 拼成 The reason a great many people love dogs.，但文中只说人确实爱狗，从没说"人为何爱狗"是我们不了解的，属听到原词就想选的陷阱。

  借用原文：People aren't kidding when they say they "love" their dog

• C)答非所问Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans. 听着像主题，但题干只问"我们不了解什么"，录音明说不了解的是 the nature of the relationships，不是"狗为何忠诚"，C 答非所问。

  借用原文：the nature of the relationships that form between dogs

• D)原词陷阱录音第一句讲 dogs can develop strong bonds with their owners，D 借 bonds 编成 How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.，但那句是在说"狗确实能建立纽带"（已知），不是说"我们不了解狗怎么看待纽带"，把已知说成未知。

  借用原文：dogs can develop strong bonds with their owners

What does Dr. Marc Bekoff say about dogs?

被问者的直接应答 a straight "Of course"。这句是博士对"狗能否像人一样恋爱"的当面回答，a straight "Of course."（干脆地"当然"）是明确的肯定应答，问题落在回答方，这种"问—答"结构里答语就是答案。

• whether or not dogs can fall in love like humans do↔They can fall in love just like humans.回答 Of course 把疑问转成肯定陈述

• A)未提及They have an unusual sense of responsibility. 中"不寻常的责任感"录音通篇没说；博士谈的是 commitment（长期承诺）和爱，不是 responsibility，属无中生有。
• B)原词陷阱录音里反复有 the question、response to the question，B 借 question 编成 They can respond to humans' questions.，但那是"博士回答了一个问题"，不是"狗能回应人的提问"，把人答问偷换成狗答问。

  借用原文：The doctor's response to the question

• D)与原文相反They behave like other animals in many ways. 录音没说狗"像其它动物"；恰恰相反，全文在强调狗能像"人"一样去爱（fall in love like humans do），方向反了。

  借用原文：dogs can fall in love like humans do

What does the speaker say about most dogs?

引结论的 In fact + evidence shows + most。这句用 In fact, evidence shows that 引出一个确定结论，又含题干的限定词 most dogs，是典型的"事实陈述"答案句；In fact/evidence shows 这类措辞一出，后面常直接给答案。

• most dogs stay with one partner their whole lives↔They stay with one partner for life.their whole lives = for life（同义替换）

• A)未提及They have their own joys and sorrows. 中"狗有自己的喜怒哀乐"录音整段没有任何对应表述，属凭印象添加。
• B)与原文相反录音明说 don't really experience "romantic" love like in the movies，B 偏取 They experience true romantic love.，把被否定的"浪漫之爱"说成成立，正好反了。听到 romantic 就选恰中陷阱。

  借用原文：our furry friends don't really experience "romantic" love like in the movies

• C)原词陷阱录音提到狗能与 humans 建立纽带，C 借 humans 编成 They help humans in various ways.，但"以各种方式帮助人类"录音并未说，且题干问的是"多数狗"的事实，不是狗对人的功用。

  借用原文：they can form deep and lasting bonds with their fellow dogs as well as humans

What did the boy Jude Sparks think he had discovered?

think 的对应词 what he thought was 直接给出他的认知。题干问 think he had discovered，录音里出现完全对应的 what he thought was a cow bone，thought 就是题干 think 的过去式信号，它后面跟的名词就是男孩当时的判断，这一句即答案句。

• what he thought was a cow bone↔A cow bone.原句名词与选项几乎同词，属直陈对应

• B)原词陷阱录音开头确有 a rare, 1.2-million-year-old animal fossil，让人一听到 rare animal 就想选 A rare animal.，但那是叙述者揭示的真相，不是男孩当时以为的东西——题干问的是 think，男孩以为的是牛骨，不是稀有动物。

  借用原文：a rare, 1.2-million-year-old animal fossil

• C)未提及A historical site. 历史遗址在录音里压根没作为男孩的判断出现，开篇 A piece of history has been found 只是叙述者说发现了一段历史，并非男孩以为发现了遗址，属凭 history 一词联想出来的干扰。

  借用原文：A piece of history has been found

• D)未提及A precious stone. 在整段录音里没有任何对应，男孩绊到的被他当成牛骨、实为动物化石，从头到尾没出现宝石，这是纯粹的无关干扰项。

What are the researchers at New Mexico State University doing with the boy's discovery?

主语与题干完全同形，谓语动词即答案。录音 researchers at New Mexico State University are preserving this discovery 的主语与题干一字不差，紧跟的谓语动词 preserving 就是研究者正在做的动作，这一句即答案句；信号是题干主语在原文原样复现，听到它立刻锁定其谓语。

• are preserving this discovery↔Preserving it.动词同词、宾语 this discovery 用 it 回指

• A)未提及Measuring it. 测量这个动作录音里从未出现，研究者做的是保存（preserving）与挖出（dug up），没有任何测量动作，属凭想象添加的干扰。
• C)原词陷阱录音念到 1.2-million-year-old animal fossil 这个年代数字，很多人一听到年代就误以为研究者在测年，从而选 Dating it.；但那个年代是叙述者交代的背景信息，研究者实际在做的是保存，不是测年。

  借用原文：1.2-million-year-old animal fossil

• D)原词陷阱录音确有 which was identified as an ancient elephant-like animal，让人想选 Identifying it.；但 was identified 是已经完成的鉴定（被动、过去），题干问研究者现在正在做（are doing）的是保存，鉴定已成定论，不是当前进行的动作。

  借用原文：which was identified as an ancient elephant-like animal

What did Professor Peter Houde say when interviewed by ABC News?

评价词 fortunate 与 did the right thing 直接定调。态度题的答案句靠评价性用词锁定：It was fortunate that the family didn't try to dig up the fossil 的 fortunate 和 They did the right thing by calling someone 的 the right thing 都是明确的正面评价，教授在夸这家人做得对，这两句即答案句。

• They did the right thing by calling someone who would know what to do↔The boy's family had acted correctly.did the right thing 与 acted correctly 同义改写
• It was fortunate that the family didn't try to dig up the fossil↔The boy's family had acted correctly.fortunate 的正面定调佐证家庭做对了

• A)与原文相反录音说 that could destroy the specimen，让人觉得在强调要保护，从而选 The site should have been protected.；但教授说的是幸好家庭没乱挖以免毁标本，夸的是家庭谨慎，并没说遗址本该被保护，should have been 这种本该却没做的责备口吻与原文正面赞许相反。

  借用原文：that could destroy the specimen

• C)与原文相反录音有 calling someone who would know what to do，让人选 The boy should have called an expert.；但原文是教授夸家庭已经叫了懂行的人（做对了），而选项的 should have called 却暗示男孩本该叫却没叫（带责备），把已经做对的事说成了没做好，与原意相反。

  借用原文：calling someone who would know what to do

• D)原词陷阱题干和录音都提到 ABC News，The channel needs to interview the boy. 借这个原词制造熟悉感；但教授说的是社区都能欣赏这件发现，从未说电视台需要采访男孩，采访男孩是凭空添加的内容。

  借用原文：Houde told ABC News that he was quite excited about the find

What do the researchers plan to do?

意图信号 hope to 后跟的动作即计划。计划题靠表意图的信号词定位：They hope to return to the site ... for an additional search 里的 hope to 就是意图信号，它后面的 return ... for an additional search 即研究者的下一步计划，这一句即答案句。

• for an additional search↔Conduct a more detailed search.additional search 概括为 a more detailed search
• there could be more fossils near the site↔Conduct a more detailed search.near the site 印证是在原址而非别处搜

• A)偷换概念录音确有 there could be more fossils near the site，让人想选 Search for similar fossils elsewhere.；但原文明说是 near the site（现场附近）继续找，选项却偷偷把范围换成 elsewhere（去别处），方向被改了。

  借用原文：there could be more fossils near the site

• B)未提及录音提到 being preserved at the university，让 university 显得耳熟，从而诱选 Ask the university to reward Jude.；但奖励裘德这件事录音从未提及，研究者只是邀请他来看化石保存，不是给他奖励。

  借用原文：being preserved at the university

• D)原词陷阱录音说 for an additional search，additional 是修饰 search（再搜一次），选项 Seek additional funds for the search. 却把 additional 挪去修饰 funds（找额外经费），原文从没提钱，属把原词嫁接到错误对象上。

  借用原文：for an additional search