2025年12月·第2套 英语四级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What do we learn about advertising campaigns from the snack food companies? 是 What do we learn about X 句式，问的是关于 X 的已知事实，不含 infer/suggest/imply。

What do we learn about advertising campaigns from the snack food companies? 主干 What do we learn about X，X = advertising campaigns，后面 from the snack food companies 是介词短语修饰 campaigns，结构平铺无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • we can neutralize any negative effects of consuming their products simply by getting more physical exercise↔their products are ok if consumers exercise more

  预判"广告称多运动就能抵消坏处"和 A 的 their products are ok if consumers exercise more 完全对得上。

• B)张冠李戴

  They send the message that bad diets are responsible for Americans' obesity. 说的是广告传达"坏饮食才是肥胖元凶"——但这其实是 Bad diets are 这句作者引述研究的结论，与广告立场恰恰相反。

• C)偷换概念

  They usually feature sports stars to emphasize the benefits of their snack foods. 说请明星是为了"强调零食本身的好处"——但原文 often featuring sports stars 后接的逻辑是"运动能抵消坏处"，明星是"运动"的化身，不是为吹嘘零食优点。

• D)与原文相反

  They claim that lack of exercise is to blame for the increasing obesity rates. 说广告主张"缺乏锻炼导致肥胖"——这是后文研究的反方观点 a lack of exercise is not to blame 的镜像，而且原文是 not to blame，D 偷偷把 not 去掉。

What does the passage say about health education? 直接问"文章关于 X 怎么说"，要求复述事实。

What does the passage say about health education? 主干 What does the passage say about X，X = health education，结构无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  It has shed light on teens' instinct for rebellion and autonomy. 说健康教育"揭示了青少年的叛逆本性"——但 instinct for rebelliousness and autonomy 是第三段的 new intervention 才用到的概念，与第二段 health education 无关。

• B)偷换概念

  It has placed much more emphasis on cure than on prevention. 说健康教育"更重治疗轻预防"——但原文 Prevention is better than cure because obesity is so difficult to treat. 是作者对干预总体的观点，并未说健康教育"更重治疗"。

• C)以偏概全

  It has contributed little to the campaigns against obesity. 全盘否定健康教育，但原文 health education has shown some success among young children 明确承认对儿童有成效，并非"几乎无贡献"。

• D)✓ 正确
  • teens have been harder to reach↔largely failed to turn teens away from junk food
  • Unfortunately↔largely failed

  预判"对青少年没奏效"与 D 的 largely failed to turn teens away from junk food 完全契合。

What is a major flaw in previous interventions to help reduce junk food consumption? 直问 What is，要的是文中明确写出的具体缺陷。

What is a major flaw in previous interventions to help reduce junk food consumption? 主干 What is a major flaw，后跟两层修饰：in previous interventions 限定缺陷的归属，to help reduce junk food consumption 是不定式修饰 interventions 的功能。要看清 flaw 修饰的是 previous interventions，不是别的。

• A)无中生有

  They motivated teens to stay away from junk food only temporarily. 说"只在短期有效"——但原文从未提及干预的"短期/长期"时效问题，only temporarily 属凭空捏造。

• B)✓ 正确
  • focused on a future, healthier you↔focused on the benefits young people would reap in the future

  预判"押注未来好处"和 B 的 focused on the benefits young people would reap in the future 完全契合。

• C)过度推断

  They were based on the assumption that motivation was the only key. 把原文 assumed that this would be enough motivation 扭成"动机是唯一关键"——原文只说"这一点已经足够"，未说"动机是唯一"。

• D)张冠李戴

  They were incapable of appealing to teens' instinct for rebelliousness. 说"以前的干预无法触动叛逆本能"——叛逆本性是 new intervention cleverly exploits teenagers' instinct for rebelliousness 的卖点，反推回去"以前没用"是考生自己脑补的，原文并未把"未利用叛逆本能"列为 flaw。

In what way is the new intervention innovative? 问的是"以何种方式"，答案在原文有具体描述。

In what way is the new intervention innovative? 主干 the new intervention is innovative，前置 In what way 提问。innovative 是表语形容词，整句结构简单。

• A)偷换概念

  It emphasizes people's sense of social responsibility. 只抓住 the value they place on social justice 这一点，且把 teenagers 扩大成 people、把 social justice 偷换成 social responsibility。

• B)偷换概念

  It cleverly exploits teenagers' personal weaknesses. 把 instinct for rebelliousness and autonomy 这一中性偏正面的"本能"扭曲成 personal weaknesses（个人弱点）；原文并未把叛逆视为"弱点"。

• C)✓ 正确
  • exploits teenagers' instinct for rebelliousness and autonomy↔takes advantage of teenagers' natural inclination

  预判"顺势利用青少年天性"和 C 的 takes advantage of teenagers' natural inclination 一一对应。

• D)过度推断

  It promises immediate rather than future benefits. 说新干预"承诺即时好处"——但原文从未提"即时好处"，且作者把"许诺未来好处"作为 previous interventions 的缺陷，并不意味着新干预走"即时好处"的反向路线。

What conclusion can be drawn from the new research? 让你为整篇研究下结论，覆盖全文而非某一段。

What conclusion can be drawn from the new research? 被动结构 conclusion can be drawn from X，相当于 What conclusion does the new research lead to。注意 drawn from 是"从…得出"，不要看反。

• A)以偏概全

  A totally different approach could be adopted to combat advertising campaigns for snack food. 把"反击广告"当作研究结论——但 fight back against the companies by buying and eating less processed food 只是干预里使用的"虚构问卷"内容，是实验素材，不是研究结论。

• B)与原文相反

  An effective intervention has to be found to persuade teenagers to switch to a healthier lifestyle. 把"得找到有效干预"作为结论——但本研究本身已经提出并验证了一种有效干预，结论是"这条路有希望"而不是"还得继续找"。

• C)✓ 正确
  • associating a healthy diet with teenagers' own values seems to be a promising avenue to prevent obesity↔Obesity can be hopefully prevented by building links between teenagers' values and healthy eating.
  • teenagers' own values↔teenagers' values

  C 既包含"青少年价值观"又包含"健康饮食"和"防肥胖"三个要素，正好对应主线串出的结论。

• D)以偏概全

  An innovative way to beat obesity is to expose food companies' manipulative and deceptive practices. 把"揭露食品公司套路"当结论——但 the manipulative and deceptive strategies 只是新干预里给学生看的材料之一，并非研究结论本身。研究结论是"把饮食与青少年价值观挂钩"，揭露公司只是其中的具体手段。