2022年12月·第1套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What does the author say about the pursuit of work-related self-esteem 直接问作者对某话题的陈述，没有 infer/imply，需要回到原文找到该话题的明确表态句。

题干主干 What does the author say about... 是 wh- 疑问句，about 后接介宾 the pursuit of work-related self-esteem，结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • involves negative as well as positive consequences↔It may result in negative motivation

  预判的负面后果在 negative motivation 中被精确收口为研究真正定义的负面后果类型——动机层面的负面，故锁定 A。

• B)与原文相反

  It contributes to one's accomplishments 把 a worthy ideal to pursue with vigor 当成作者真实观点，但作者立刻用 not always 否定了这种乐观说法。

• C)偷换概念

  It can increase one's vigor as one keeps trying 把原文中描述追求方式的 with vigor 改造成追求会增加 vigor，混淆 vigor 作方式状语与作宾语的角色。

• D)过度推断

  It costs too much emotionally and psychologically 给出 too much 的程度判断，但首段仅说 involves negative as well as positive consequences，并未将代价定性为过高。

What do employees tend to do 是对客观行为的提问，不要求推断，回原文找直接描述行为的句子即可。

题干为 wh- 疑问句，主干 What do employees tend to do，in pursuing work-related self-esteem 是介词短语作伴随状语，限定行为发生的语境，无难句。

• A)过度推断

  Take on tasks well beyond their actual capabilities 把 to such a degree that there's a subsequent adverse effect on their well-being 改写为超出实际能力，但原文只说付出过度，没说任务超出能力。

• B)✓ 正确
  • they extend themselves to such a degree that there's a subsequent adverse effect on their well-being↔Strive to succeed at the expense of their well-being

  预判中的拼命与损害自身两成分被 Strive to succeed 和 at the expense of their well-being 一一收拢，故锁定 B。

• C)与原文相反

  Resort to all means regardless of the consequences 说他们不顾后果，但原文 to avoid feelings of shame and worthlessness associated with failure 恰恰说他们极其在意后果。

• D)与原文相反

  Exaggerate their sense of shame and worthlessness 把 to avoid feelings of shame and worthlessness 改成夸大羞耻感，正话反说。

What do we learn about people over-concerned with work-related self-esteem 询问对某类人群的认识，要求回原文找作者对这类人的直接论断。

题干主干 What do we learn about people，过去分词短语 over-concerned with work-related self-esteem 作 people 的后置定语，限定具体人群，结构清晰。

• A)偷换概念

  They may often feel inferior to their colleagues 把原文 feel inferior 的对照对象改成 colleagues，但原文比较对象是 diminished capacity for friendship and leisure，与同事无关。

• B)✓ 正确
  • impacting their ability to make the most of their personal life↔They cannot enjoy their personal life to the full

  预判中的个人生活质量被削弱被 cannot enjoy their personal life to the full 完整收拢，故锁定 B。

• C)过度推断

  They are never satisfied with their achievements 用 never 加 with their achievements 描述成就维度的不满，但原文说的是 dissatisfied both at work and outside of it，且未升级到 never 的极端否定。

• D)无中生有

  They have their own view of friendship and leisure 借 friendship and leisure 词面做诱饵，但原文只说他们对友谊与闲暇的能力削弱，从未说他们持独到看法。

What is the good news we learn from the recent research 询问原文里明示的正面发现，属客观转述，不需推断。

题干主干 What is the good news，we learn from the recent research 是省略关系代词的定语从句修饰 news，平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)✓ 正确
  • This excitement makes pursuing goals enjoyable and stimulates pleasure and pride↔The pursuit of goals may turn out to be enjoyable and pleasant

  预判中的追求带来享受被 enjoyable and pleasant 完整收拢，故锁定 A。

• B)无中生有

  The emotional rewards from goal pursuit are worth the pains taken 引入代价对价值的权衡关系，但原文 An effect of the positive motivation is that it neutralizes the existence of negative motivation 只说正面动机中和负面动机，未做代价值得的判断。

• C)过度推断

  The negative consequences of goal pursuit can mostly be avoided 把 neutralizes the existence of negative motivation 升级为多数可避免，但 neutralize 是抵消、不是避免，且原文未说大多数。

• D)与原文相反

  The goal of swelling self-esteem can be achieved if one keeps trying 与 repeating that accomplishment is often not realistic 直接冲突；原文明说重复成就并不现实。

What can we infer from the last paragraph 明示 infer，定位段已锁尾段，要求基于尾段明示信息做一步推断。

题干主干 What can we infer，from the last paragraph 是介词短语作状语指出推断的依据来源，结构简单。

• A)偷换概念

  Workers have to make sacrifices to preserve self-esteem 把 leisure activities are often seen as a part of life that must be sacrificed to manage work and family demands 中牺牲闲暇的目的改成 preserve self-esteem，目的错位。

• B)与原文相反

  Self-esteem swells when workers are strongly motivated 把因果说成动机强则自尊膨胀，但原文 has less to do with whether they're motivated by the preservation of self-esteem 反而弱化了自尊在因果链里的地位。

• C)以偏概全

  Pursuit of goals affects people's personal lives to an unhealthy extent 把 Sure, it affects people's personal lives to what could be deemed an unhealthy extent 这一让步分句当作尾段主结论，但 However 之后才是作者真正立场。

• D)✓ 正确
  • the way people feel about their work has less to do with whether they're motivated by the preservation of self-esteem but more with the fact that they're simply motivated↔People feel positive about their work as long as they are motivated

  预判中的有动机即正向感受被 as long as they are motivated 完整收拢，且 positive 与文章正向 good news 区段的态度一致，故锁定 D。