2025年12月·第1套 英语六级阅读理解（四选一） 第 1 篇 · 46–50 题答案与解析

What often happens when people are eager to pursue individual success? 是 What 引导的事实性问句，问 "经常发生什么"，无 infer/imply/suggest 等推断信号。

What often happens when people are eager to pursue individual success? 主句 What often happens 是 wh- 主语疑问句；when 引导时间状语从句，be eager to do 意为 "急于做某事"。句意 "当人们急于追求个人成功时，常常会发生什么？" 结构平铺直叙，无陷阱。

• A)答非所问

  They lack a shoulder to cry on. 把 a shoulder to cry on 这一对友谊功能的比喻直接当作 "人们当下缺什么" 的结论，但原文这一句是描述 "许多人对友谊的看法"，不是 "人们追求个人成功时发生的结果"。

• B)答非所问

  They have no soul to confide in. 与 A 同套路，把 a reliable soul to confide in 这一对友谊作用的描绘当作题干所问的 "结果"，但原文这是 "友谊在人们眼中的样子"，不是 "追求成功时发生的事"。

• C)偷换概念

  They cannot find reliable friends. 说 "找不到可靠朋友"，但原文 we lose friends 强调的是 "主动放弃/丢失现有朋友"，与 "找不到" 是两种不同动作；原文从未说过 "找不到"。

• D)✓ 正确
  • we lose friends along the way↔They ignore their ties with friends.

  在四项中，只有 They ignore their ties with friends. 与预判 "失去/疏远朋友" 在主谓宾三层都吻合，故选 D。

What does the author advise people to do in their pursuit of radical individualism? 直接问作者建议做什么，是对文中作者表态句的事实性提问，不是推断。

What does the author advise people to do in their pursuit of radical individualism? advise sb. to do sth. = 建议某人做某事；their pursuit of radical individualism 是 "his/her/their + 名词 + of" 的所属结构，等价于 "when they pursue radical individualism"。句意：作者建议人们在追求极端个人主义时做什么？

• A)✓ 正确
  • reevaluate the harm of radical, individual freedom↔Reexamine its detrimental effects.

  在四项中，只有 Reexamine its detrimental effects. 同时覆盖了 "再审视" 与 "危害" 两个语义成分，故选 A。

• B)与原文相反

  Shrug off the loss of their loved ones. 是 we use this excuse to shrug off losing people who we once thought to be loved ones 里被作者批判的 "错误做法"，并非作者建议。

• C)无中生有

  Avoid the chaos and turmoil involved. 把 The chaos and never-ending turmoil that accompanies everyday life 这一对生活状态的描述当作作者建议，但原文只是把它列为 "我们丢友谊的借口"，作者既未说要避免也未说要拥抱。

• D)偷换概念

  Remove aggressive obstacles in the way. 把 an aggressive obstacle in the pursuit of stable friendships 的名词搭配换皮成 "清除前进路上的强劲障碍"，但作者要清除的不是抽象意义上的 "前进路上的障碍"——他要重新评估的是极端个人主义之害。

What is American society's assumption of personal achievement? 是 What is 引导的事实性问句，问 "美国社会对个人成就的预设是什么"，无推断信号词。

What is American society's assumption of personal achievement? American society's assumption of personal achievement 是双层所属结构：assumption of personal achievement 等于 "对个人成就的预设"；前置 American society's 进一步说明这是 "美国社会的"。句意：美国社会对个人成就的预设是什么？

• A)答非所问

  It is to be duly celebrated and highly commended. 把 Society tends to celebrate personal achievement and commend it 的 "社会的做法" 直接当成 "对个人成就的预设"，但题干问的是 the assumption 这个预设本身的内容，不是社会怎么做。

• B)无中生有

  It is a sure way to fulfill a person's dream. 说 "个人成就是实现梦想的可靠途径"，原文从未将个人成就与 "实现梦想" 直接挂钩；原文涉及 dream 只出现在 threatened the dream of many Americans 中，且是普及医保的对立面，与个人成就的预设无关。

• C)偷换概念

  It revolves around an individualistic culture. 把 Many of us have fallen victim to an individualistic culture 的上位归类（属于个人主义文化）当作预设本身，但题干问的是 "对个人成就所持的预设"，不是 "个人成就属于哪种文化"。

• D)✓ 正确
  • winning or succeeding is a consequence of working harder than the next person↔It reflects a person's exceptional endeavor.

  四项中只有 It reflects a person's exceptional endeavor. 准确捕捉 "成功背后是个人非凡努力" 这一预设，故选 D。

What is preached in many success stories? 问的是 "很多励志故事中宣扬了什么"，是对文中具体表述的事实性追问。

What is preached in many success stories? 主语 What 是宾语提前的 wh-；is preached 为被动语态，意为 "被宣扬"。句意：很多励志故事中宣扬的是什么？句式简单、无陷阱。

• A)张冠李戴

  Attaching importance to academic gains on the road to success. 来自 Don't worry about losing friendships, just focus on study and getting into college，但这是 "高中时听到的话"（作者的个人经历），紧接其后才提到 "a sentiment that is not unique to my experience. It's preached in many success stories"——题干问的是 "在 many success stories 中被宣扬的"，即作者随后展开的演讲家观点，不是高中老师的话。

• B)✓ 正确
  • Invest time in your relationships? Invest time in your work instead.↔Investing one's time in work instead of connecting with friends.

  四项中只有 Investing one's time in work instead of connecting with friends. 同时覆盖 "投入工作" 与 "放弃朋友联系" 两层，故选 B。

• C)与原文相反

  Trying to strengthen friendships in one's pursuit of personal success. 是作者自己在 P8 P9 提出的反向建议，不是 success stories 所宣扬的内容；many success stories 宣扬的恰恰是放弃友谊。

• D)以偏概全

  Excelling in academic performance to get into a prestigious college. 同样源自 focus on study and getting into college 这句高中老师的话，且把 college 升级为 prestigious college（名校）属于无中生有；不属于 many success stories 所宣扬的内容。

What can we infer from the passage regarding the pursuit of success? 中 infer 一词直接亮明题型属性。

What can we infer from the passage regarding the pursuit of success? What 作 infer 的宾语；regarding = 关于，介词短语作后置定语限定 infer 的范围。句意：关于追求成功，我们可以从本文推断出什么？句式平铺直叙。

• A)过度推断

  No one can succeed without pushing limits. 借 Push limits 一词夸大为 "没有人不突破极限就能成功"，但原文仅说 "是的，去突破极限" 作为肯定后退一步的让步话，并未声明 "不突破极限就不能成功"。

• B)✓ 正确
  • We cannot be complacent with losing friendships because they are our anchors.↔No one can afford to neglect close friends.
  • having people to support and love you on the way is far more important than any end result↔No one can afford to neglect close friends.

  在四项中，只有 No one can afford to neglect close friends. 是从 P8 P9 两处强表态合理延伸一步得到的结论，故选 B。

• C)过度推断

  Collectivism is superior to individualism. 把 Radical individualism elevates the freedom of the individual over the collective 与 universal healthcare, an example of collectivism 加工成 "集体主义比个人主义优越" 的全称比较，但原文只反对 "极端" 个人主义，并未抬高集体主义本身。

• D)过度推断

  Success experts often lead people to ruin. 来自 contrary to all the self-proclaimed success experts，作者只是 "与所谓的成功专家相反"，并未宣称 "成功专家把人引向毁灭"——ruin 一词是文外强化。